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The use of big data in urban mobility research is growing dynamically. However, relatively few studies have been devoted to systematically review the results in this field. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to explore the general characteristics of the application of the big data approach in urban mobility research. For this purpose, the systematic literature review method was applied and the scientific Scopus database was accessed to collect publications relevant to the predefined criteria. Then the papers included in the sample were analysed using quantitative and qualitative techniques, focusing on the trends emerging from the years of publications in the database, the distribution of the papers by journal, the geographical distribution of case-study areas, the methods and data types employed, and their policy implications. This literature review demonstrates the diversity of big datadriven urban mobility research and provides lessons for geography and urban policy in Hungary.

The network science, based on network theory is a fairly new and innovative field and its approaches are groundbreaking in many aspects. The social scientific applications of the network analysis methods and concepts have been built on the results of network science. Thus, the social network analysis of religious networks is grounded on the methodological principles and assumptions of network analysis, especially social network analysis as it has developed in recent years. In this study the author gives a review of the application of social network theory and social network analysis in the sociology of religion in Central and Eastern Europe. This approach of sociological study of religious faith and religious groups is usually based on empirical research and interpretation of the research results. The sociology of religion has a broader perspective in studying religious life, but the religious social networks usually mirror other characteristics of the studied religious entities and phenomena to make it an interesting subject of research.

The paper focus on the period of COVID-pandemic and post-pandemic years in a medium sized city’s local housing market. Our research framework was to identify the direct effects even the pandemic and later the energy crisis, arose as a consequence of Russian aggression against Ukraine. On the other hand, we try to follow the changes of housing market trends not just in the city alone, but in the surroundings, too, concentrating on suburbanisation, as an emerging phenomena after the transition (post-1990 period) in a post-socialist context. The case study area was Pécs, one of the regional centres in Hungary, with a university town character, and less successful pole of FDI led re-industrialisation. Our major results suggest, that global challenges affect local markets directly. In a wider term, we find the 2020s as a turning point, after a long regeneration period in housing market after the global fiscal crisis (2008-2013 in Hungary). The COVID-pandemic closed the era of conjuncture and the next few years did not show a clear characteristic, but short-term micro-cycles followed each other, influenced by the elements of the governmental support system. To point out the recent changes, we used a quantitative methodology, based on different data sources (CSO, self-built) and find some correlation between some basic indicators. Suburbanisation, as a ‘western’ type phenomena could be register around Pécs, but the de-concentration of well-off groups prefer only a few settlements close to the city, and neglect a higher number of smaller villages with worse accessibility, lower level of local services, less diverse local economies and less perspective wages. Connecting with our theories we used, the production of space, and agency theories has the more direct causality with our results. The professional developers, the local governments and the most powerful actor, the central government fuel the changes in the local (urban area level) housing market trends, through forming the space following the needs of middle- and high-income groups. The spatial transformation of the suburban area around Pécs deeply rooted in the post-socialist (neo-liberal) way of development in the majority of East-Central-European space. This study is part of a larger long-term project financed by the NRDI Fund of Hungary („The effect of housing market processes on spatial (social) structure of Hungarian regional centres” – K131534) concentrate on five larger cities, including Pécs, and their suburb.

Mucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection caused by certain members of the fungal order of Mucorales. The species most frequently identified as the etiological agents of mucormycosis belong to the genera Rhizopus, Lichtheimia, and Mucor. The frequency of systemic mucormycosis has been increasing, mainly because of increasing numbers of susceptible patients. Furthermore, Mucorales display intrinsic resistance to the majority of routinely used antifungal agents (e.g., echinocandins and short-tailed azoles), which limits the number of possible therapeutic options. All the above-mentioned issues urge the improvement of molecular identification methods and the discovery of new antifungal targets and strategies. Spore coat proteins (CotH) constitute a kinase family present in many pathogenic bacteria and fungi and participate in the spore formation in these organisms. Moreover, some of them can act as virulence factors being receptors of the human GRP78 protein during Rhizopus delemar-induced mucormycosis. We identified 17 cotH-like genes in the Mucor lusitanicus genome database. Successful disruption of five cotH genes in Mucor was performed using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. The CotH3 and CotH4 proteins play a role in adaptation to different temperatures as well as in developing the cell wall structure. We also show CotH4 protein is involved in spore wall formation by affecting the total chitin content and, thus, the composition of the spore wall. The role of CotH3 and CotH4 proteins in virulence was confirmed in two invertebrate models and a diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) mouse model. IMPORTANCE Current treatment options for mucormycosis are inadequate, resulting in high mortality rates, especially among immunosuppressed patients. The development of novel therapies for mucormycosis has been hampered by lack of understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms. The importance of the cell surface CotH proteins in the pathogenesis of Rhizopus-mediated mucormycosis has been recently described. However, the contribution of this family of proteins to the virulence of other mucoralean fungi and their functionality in vital processes remain undefined. Through the use of the CRISPR-Case9 gene disruption system, we demonstrate the importance of several of the CotH proteins to the virulence of Mucor lusitanicus by using three infection models. We also report on the importance of one of these proteins, CotH4, to spore wall formation by affecting chitin content. Therefore, our studies extend the importance of CotH proteins to Mucor and identify the mechanism by which one of the CotH proteins contributes to the development of a normal fungal cell wall, thereby indicating that this family of proteins can be targeted for future development of novel therapeutic strategies of mucormycosis.

In the last ten years, pedagogy has been evolving rapidly in terms of teaching approaches. This study is an attempt to analyze the recently developed novel pedagogy models. STEM integration and classroom engagement are primary approaches in pedagogy in recent times. The article aims to provide educators with some analytical tools to complement the modernization of STEM pedagogy. Integration flow and skill-set balancing, along with matrix analysis, are projected to be efficient solutions for evolved pedagogy. A novel PESTLE model is framed for tackling the changes in pedagogies during pandemics and emergencies. Inquiry-based learning can foster and accelerate the cause of integrating subjects in STEM pedagogy. In addition, the article discusses the post-pandemic scenario of pedagogy in the education system as a whole.

Let CC be a linear code of length nn and dimension kk over the finite field Fqm{{\mathbb{F}}}_{{q}^{m}}. The trace code Tr(C){\rm{Tr}}\left(C) is a linear code of the same length nn over the subfield Fq{{\mathbb{F}}}_{q}. The obvious upper bound for the dimension of the trace code over Fq{{\mathbb{F}}}_{q} is mkmk. If equality holds, then we say that CC has maximum trace dimension. The problem of finding the true dimension of trace codes and their duals is relevant for the size of the public key of various code-based cryptographic protocols. Let Ca{C}_{{\boldsymbol{a}}} denote the code obtained from CC and a multiplier vector a∈(Fqm)n{\boldsymbol{a}}\in {\left({{\mathbb{F}}}_{{q}^{m}})}^{n}. In this study, we give a lower bound for the probability that a random multiplier vector produces a code Ca{C}_{{\boldsymbol{a}}} of maximum trace dimension. We give an interpretation of the bound for the class of algebraic geometry codes in terms of the degree of the defining divisor. The bound explains the experimental fact that random alternant codes have minimal dimension. Our bound holds whenever n≥m(k+h)n\ge m\left(k+h), where h≥0h\ge 0 is the Singleton defect of CC. For the extremal case n=m(h+k)n=m\left(h+k), numerical experiments reveal a closed connection between the probability of having maximum trace dimension and the probability that a random matrix has full rank.

We set up a hydrodynamic description of the non-equilibrium dynamics of sine-Gordon quantum field theory for generic coupling. It is built upon an explicit form of the Bethe Ansatz description of general thermodynamic states, with the structure of the resulting coupled integral equations encoded in terms of graphical diagrams. The resulting framework is applied to derive results for the Drude weights of charge and energy. Quantities associated with the charge universally have fractal dependence on the coupling, which is notably absent from those associated with energy, a feature explained by the different roles played by reflective scattering in transporting these quantities. We then present far-from-equilibrium results, including explicit time evolution starting from bipartite initial states and dynamical correlation functions. Our framework can be applied to explore numerous other aspects of non-equilibrium dynamics, which opens the way to a wide array of theoretical studies and potential novel experimental predictions.

Apoptosis and the proper clearance of apoptotic cells play a central role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Previous work in our laboratory has shown that when a high number of cells enters apoptosis in a tissue, the macrophages that engulf them produce retinoids to enhance their own phagocytic capacity by upregulating several phagocytic genes. Our data indicated that these retinoids might be dihydroretinoids, which are products of the retinol saturase (RetSat) pathway. In the present study, the efferocytosis of RetSat-null mice was investigated. We show that among the retinoid-sensitive phagocytic genes, only transglutaminase 2 responded in macrophages and in differentiating monocytes to dihydroretinol. Administration of dihydroretinol did not affect the expression of the tested genes differently between differentiating wild type and RetSat-null monocytes, despite the fact that the expression of RetSat was induced. However, in the absence of RetSat, the expression of numerous differentiation-related genes was altered. Among these, impaired production of MFG-E8, a protein that bridges apoptotic cells to the αvβ3/β5 integrin receptors of macrophages, resulted in impaired efferocytosis, very likely causing the development of mild autoimmunity in aged female mice. Our data indicate that RetSat affects monocyte/macrophage differentiation independently of its capability to produce dihydroretinol at this stage.

This preliminary study was designed to determine follicular fluid (FF) vanin-1 levels, to assess their relation to serum vanin-1 and to reveal their potential to predict the outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Eighteen unselected, consecutive women undergoing IVF were included. Serum and pooled FF samples were obtained simultaneously during routine IVF procedures. Vanin-1 levels were measured by using commercially available ELISA kits. As most of the values were below 0.6 ng/mL, the data are given as optical density. It was found that vanin-1 can be detected in FF and that it is not significantly related to its maternal serum levels (p = 0.06). FF vanin-1 levels proved to be higher in non-pregnant as compared to pregnant women (p < 0.04). There are significant positive relationships between the FF to serum vanin-1 ratio and body mass index (BMI, p < 0.02), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH, p < 0.02) and baseline serum estradiol (p < 0.01). Moreover, the FF/serum vanin-1 ratio tended to increase with cumulative FSH dose, but this increase did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.064). It may be concluded that FF vanin-1 may serve as a biomarker to predict IVF outcome. To confirm this contention, further studies are to be performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A negative carbon emission scenario via pyrolysis of three different food waste blends was investigated. A tube reactor was utilized for pyrolysis runs at temperatures of 650 °C, 725 °C, and 900 °C, while the carbon inventory was prepared. The blend of rice and french fries resulted in the highest char yield, being 212 g/kg at 650 °C pyrolysis temperature. In this case, each kg of food waste can correspond to 536 g of captured or removed CO2 from the air. The blend of roast pork and breaded chicken showed significantly less carbon removal potential of 348 gCO2/kgsample measured at 650 °C pyrolysis temperature, compared to rice and French fries. A higher pyrolysis temperature resulted in lower char yields, but, on the other side, it resulted in a higher carbon content of char. Additionally, higher pyrolysis temperature resulted in lower carbon capture potential within the temperature range utilized in this study. The heating value of dry pyrolysis gas was between 12.0–16.6 MJ/Nm3 and 10.3–12.3 MJ/Nm3 during the heat-up and constant temperature period, respectively. Based on the results, negative CO2 emission can be reached via pyrolysis of food waste with the benefit of capturing carbon in solid form, and therefore, this method can be considered a promising and alternative method to treat food waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]