Search

In carabid beetles, several morphometric parameters may vary from one habitat to another. Body size is one of the most important traits in animals because it directly relates to fitness and changes across latitudinal and altitudinal gradients. In this paper, we compare two populations of Nebria kratteri (Coleoptera, Carabidae) sampled in two old forest sites of the Sila Mountain in Calabria. The specimens show significant differences in all morphometric parameters measured, the larger size at one site could be related to intraspecific competition.

Data on the distribution of 24 species of carabid beetles in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China are presented. Twenty taxa are newly recorded from China: Nebria (Eunebria) psammophila Solsky, 1874, N. (Eunebria) picta Semenov, 1891, Calosoma (Caminara) imbricatum deserticola Semenov, 1897, Carabus (Morphocarabus) henningi henningi Fischer von Waldheim, 1817, Scarites (s. str.) cylindronotus Faldermann, 1836, Apotomus testaceus Dejean, 1825, Pterostichus (Platysma) insignicollis (Tschitscherine, 1893), P. (Platysma) planicollis (Tschitscherine, 1899), P. (Plectes) drescheri (Fischer von Waldheim, 1817), P. (Petrophilus) magus magus (Mannerheim, 1825), Pseudotaphoxenus planicollis (Gebler, 1833), Agonum (Olisares) viduum (Panzer, 1796), Mnuphorus sellatus (Gebler, 1843), Cymindis (Arrhostus) andreae Menetries, 1832, C. (Menas) miliaris (Fabricius, 1801), C. (Neomenas) antonowi Semenov, 1891, Lebia (Lamprias) festiva festiva Faldermann, 1836, L. (s. str.) trimaculata (Villers, 1789), Brachinus (s. str.) crepitans (Linnaeus, 1758) and B. (Cnecostolus) cruciatus (Quensel, 1806). Two species are recorded for the first time from Xinjiang: Nebria (Eunebria) przewalskii przewalskii Semenov, 1889 and Lebia (Lamprias) punctata Gebler, 1843. Exact distributional data in China are given for the two species: Scarites (s. str.) salinus Dejean, 1825 and Polistichus connexus (Geoffroy, 1758).

The phylogeny of the carabid beetle supertribe Nebriitae is inferred from analyses of DNA sequence data from eight gene fragments including one nuclear ribosomal gene (28S), four nuclear-protein coding genes (CAD, topoisomerase 1, PEPCK, andwingless), and three mitochondrial gene fragments (16S + tRNA-Leu + ND1, COI (“barcode” region) and COI (“Pat/Jer” region)). Our taxon sample included 264 exemplars representing 241 species and subspecies (25% of the known nebriite fauna), 39 of 41 currently accepted genera and subgenera (all exceptNotiokasisandArchileistobrius), and eight outgroup taxa. Separate maximum likelihood (ML) analyses of individual genes, combined ML analyses of nuclear, nuclear protein-coding, and mitochondrial genes, and combined ML and Bayesian analyses of the eight-gene-fragment matrix resulted in a well-resolved phylogeny of the supertribe, with most nodes in the tree strongly supported. Within Nebriitae, 167 internal nodes of the tree (out of the maximum possible 255) are supported by maximum-likelihood bootstrap values of 90% or more. The tribes Notiophilini, Opisthiini, Pelophilini, and Nebriini are well supported as monophyletic but relationships among these are not well resolved.Nippononebriais a distinct genus more closely related toLeistusthanNebria.Archastes,Oreonebria,Spelaeonebria, andEurynebria, previously treated as distinct genera by some authors, are all nested within a monophyletic genusNebria.WithinNebria, four major clades are recognized: (1) theOreonebriaSeries, including eight subgenera arrayed in two subgeneric complexes (theEonebriaandOreonebriaComplexes); (2) the Nebriola Series, including only subgenus Nebriola; (3) theNebriaSeries, including ten subgenera arrayed in two subgeneric complexes, theBoreonebriaandNebriaComplexes, with the latter further subdivided into three subgeneric subcomplexes (theNebria,Epinebriola, andEunebriaSubcomplexes)); and (4) theCatonebriaSeries, including seven subgenera arrayed in two subgeneric complexes (theReductonebriaandCatonebriaComplexes). A strong concordance of biogeography with the inferred phylogeny is noted and some evident vicariance patterns are highlighted. A revised classification, mainly within the Nebriini, is proposed to reflect the inferred phylogeny. Three genus-group taxa (Nippononebria,VancouveriaandArchastes) are given revised status and seven are recognized as new synonymies (NebrioritesJeannel, 1941 andMarggiaHuber, 2014 =OreonebriaDaniel, 1903;PseudonebriolaLedoux & Roux, 1989 =BoreonebriaJeannel, 1937;PatrobonebriaBänninger, 1923,ParanebriaJeannel, 1937 andBarbonebriolaHuber & Schmidt, 2017 =EpinebriolaDaniel & Daniel, 1904; andAsionebriaShilenkov, 1982 =PsilonebriaAndrewes, 1923). Six new subgenera are proposed and described for newly recognized clades: Parepinebriola Kavanaugh subgen. nov. (type species:Nebria delicataHuber & Schmidt, 2017), Insulanebria Kavanaugh subgen. nov. (type species:Nebria carbonariaEschscholtz, 1829), Erwinebria Kavanaugh subgen. nov. (type speciesNebria sahlbergiiFischer von Waldheim, 1828),NivalonebriaKavanaughsubgen. nov.(type species:Nebria paradisiDarlington, 1931),NeaptenonebriaKavanaughsubgen. nov.(type species:Nebria ovipennisLeConte, 1878), andPalaptenonebriaKavanaughsubgen. nov.(type species:Nebria mellyiGebler, 1847). Future efforts to better understand relationships within the supertribe should aim to expand the taxon sampling of DNA sequence data, particularly within subgeneraLeistusandEvanoleistus of genusLeistusand theNebriaComplex of genusNebria.

Two endemic taxa of the Northern Iberian System have been rescued from synonymy using the study of external morphology by means of morphometric analysis and genital anatomy. The causes that possibly led to these two taxa erroneously being identified as synonyms are analysed in this research. In the case of Nebria (Nebria) urbionensis versus Nebria (Nebria) vuillefroyi, their confused relationship was caused by the handling of incorrectly labelled specimens and the subsequent interpolation of distribution areas, which led to overestimating the extent of N. (N.) vuillefroyi to the detriment of recognizing N. (N.) urbionensis as a valid species. According to the criterion that is defended in this work, both taxa are steno-endemic and, therefore, deserve protection due to their reduced habitats. The principle of authority applied by experts, based on an error, may, in this case, have been amplified and contributed to chronify the error. The second case under review is Zabrus (Iberozabrus) cameranus versus Zabrus (Iberozabrus) laurae, which in a recent study of genus Zabrus, were subjected to a totally unjustified synonymy. The origin of such a taxonomic decision must be sought in the concatenation of a series of errors: the number and origin of the specimens studied do not adequately justify the statements and conclusions expressed in the text, the use of a single character (internal sac of the aedeagus) while ignoring other morphological characters, an inadequate taxonomic praxis, and the elaboration of conclusions based on the lack of supposedly-derived characters (that is, relying on symplesiomorphies). All of this does not point towards an adequate reconstruction of the genus systematics. The uni- and multivariate biometric study, together with the morphological features that are contributed in this work (added to those already recognized initially for these species), allow to affirm that, although the taxa in discussion are nearby species and possibly sister taxa, they are perfectly valid: Nebria (Nebria) urbionensis stat. res.; Zabrus (Iberozabrus) cameranus stat. res. In addition to the morphological differences, both species diverge respectively from N. (N.) vuillefroyi and Z. (I.) laurae by 2% of the COI 1 gene sequence. The geographical ranges of Nebria (N.) urbionensis and Zabrus (I.) cameranus are confined to the Sistema Ibérico Septentrional, and are separated by the high Duero Valley from the ranges of N. (N.) vuillefroyi and Z. (I.) laurae, which are located in the Central System.

A fungus attacking the ground beetle Nebria brevicollis (Fabricius, 1792) (Coleoptera, Carabidae) was collected in north-western Germany. The fungus was identical to Entomophthora nebriae Raunkiaer, 1893 (Entomophthoromycotina, Entomophthoraceae), described in 1893 from Denmark and so far only known from the type collection. We provide an amended description of E. nebriae based on the new collection and transfer the species to the genus Erynia as Erynia nebriae comb. n.

Due to homonomy, the subgeneric name Tyrrhenia Ledoux & Roux, 2005, is replaced by Tyrrhenebria nom. nov.

Among the ten species of the Nebria genus, present in the Romanian Carpathians, seven are the object of morphological, geographical distribution and molecular biological studies: Nebria (Eunebria) jockischi hoepfneri Dejean, 1826, Nebria (Boreonebria) heegeri Dejean, 1826, Nebria (Boreonebria) gyllenhali Schönherr, 1806, Nebria (Alpaeonebria) reichei Dejean, 1826, Nebria (Alpaeonebria) reitteri Rybinsky, 1902, Nebria (Alpaeonebria) bissenica Bielz, 1887, Nebria (Nebria) transsylvanica Germar, 1824, Nebria (Nebria) femoralis alpigrada Csiki 1905), collected from the Maramureș Mt., Rodnei Mt., Parâng Mt., Rarău Mt., Făgăraș Mt., Cozia Mt., Bucegi Mt., Retezat Mt., Muntele Mic and Semenic Mt. The morphological description exploits the body size, the elytral reflection, the colour of the appendages and the legs, the shape of the first antennary segment, its chaetotaxy and that of the submentum, the shape and size of the elytra and alae, the position of the bristles on the ventrites 4-5-6. The shape of the first antennary segment and its chaetotaxy appear as more discriminating criteria, but supposes the integrity of the bristles. The identification is sometimes malaise due to the fragility of the bristles (first antennomere, submentum). Nebria (Alpaeonebria) reichei Dejean, 1826 has a variable chaetotaxy of antenna, 1 to 3 bristles on the first antennomere. The individuals with yellow appendages and legs provided with 2 unequal length can be confused with transsylvanica. They are distinguished by the triangular shape of the aileron (S-shaped in transsylvanica). Molecular data are given for the first time on Carpathian Nebria. The mitochondrial markers (COI I, cyt b) clearly identify the species studied and confirm that alpigrada does not belong to transsylvanica. The results show an infraspecific variability of geographic and altitudinal origin in jockischi one of the most widespread species (gyllenhali, jockischi, reichei).

Nebria gyllenhali lindrothi Kavanaugh, 1979: 97 Paratype: 1 [sex unknown]. Aug. 19,197 3 / Grand Mesa Nat’l. / Forest Colo. / Coll. R. Davidson // [handwritten] NEBRIA / [handwritten] hudsonica? // PMCH // [on yellow] PARATYPE / Nebria gyllenhali / lindrothi / Kavanaugh / det. D.H.Kavanaugh / 1976 Conservation status: Good condition; pinned, Published as part of Keller, Oliver, Schnepp, Kyle E., Ashman, Krystal L., Turnbow, Robert H. & Skelley, Paul E., 2020, An annotated catalog of the type material of Adephaga and Myxophaga (Coleoptera) deposited in the Florida State Collection of Arthropods in Gainesville, Florida, United States of America, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 4744 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4744.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3690681, {"references":["Kavanaugh, D. H. (1979) Studies on the Nebriini (Coleoptera: Carabidae), III. New Nearctic Nebria species and subspecies, nomenclatural notes, and lectotype designations. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 42, 87 - 133."]}

Nebria (Pseudonebriola) tsambagaravsp. nov. is described from an alpine altitude in the Mongolian Altai. The new species is separated from other two Pseudonebriola species from the Mongolian Altai Mountain range, N. kerzhneri and N. medvedevi, by morphometric and morphological analyses. The new species and its habitat are illustrated, the subgeneric key is amended, and a distribution map is given.

There are three isolated mountain ranges in Taiwan including Hsueshan Range, Central Mountain Range, and Yushan Range. The rise of these mountains has resulted in the isolation of some species and caused allopatric distribution resulting in divergence and speciation events of high mountain carabids, especially the flightless carabids such as Epaphiopsis, Apenetretus, and partial Nebria. Genus Apenetretus Kurnakov (1960) is typically distributed in high mountain areas of Taiwan. Three of the currently known Apenetretus species have been described from different mountain ranges. These species include Apenetretus yushanensis Habu, Apenetretus nanhutanus Habu, and Apenetretus smetanai Zamotajlov and Sciaky. In this study, a new species is described from Hsueshan, a mountain separated from the ranges of the previous known species, Apenetretus hsueshanensis sp. n. A key to the Taiwanese Apenetretus is included. A reconstructed phylogeny of the Taiwanese Apenetretus is introduced with the use of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Molecular data and geographical distribution of Apenetretus support the morphological characteristics observed among those mountain-isolated species and confirms the new species as being distinctly different. Moreover, lineage calibration suggests that the southern Apenetretus yushanensis is the most distant one compared to the other three northern Apenetretus at ca. 1.81 million years ago (mya), while the divergence time of Apenetretus hsueshanensis to its sister group was dated to 0.94 mya.

Nebria (Eunebria) xanthacra xanthacra CHAUDOIR, 1850 M a t e r i a l i n v e s t i g a t e d: IRAN: Razavi Khorasan Province: Mashad env., Shāndīz, 16.V.2003, K. Orszulik leg. (ca. 25 specimens, cROUX, cORSZ, cWR, identification confirmed by Ledoux & Roux). The species was reported from Iran by AZADBAKHSH & NOZARI (2015: 28) only from the Kerman Province, whereas it was also, beside this region, additionally recorded by LEDOUX & ROUX (2005: 541) "...depuis les monts Kopet-dag dans le nord de l���Iran... "., Published as part of W, David, H, Peer, P, Kerman & K, N, 2017, Description of a new Nebria (Eunebria) species from Iran (Coleoptera, Carabidae: Nebriini) and faunistic data for Nebria (Eunebria) xanthacra xanthacra CHAUDOIR, 1850, pp. 927-935 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 49 (1) on page 935, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5409418

Nebria (Epinebriola) numburica sp. nov. (Fig. 26) Holotype ♂: Nepal, Solu Khumbu, S Dudh Kund, 4400 –4600 m, 27°42' N, 86°35' E, 25. V. 2013, leg. J. Schmidt (cSCHM). Paratypes: 79 ♂ 45 ♀, same data as holotype (NMBE, cSCHM); 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Nepal, Solu Khumbu, S Dudh Kund, 4200–4400 m, 27°40'36" N, 86°35'26" E, 25. V. 2013, leg. J. Schmidt (cSCHM); 2 ♂ 2 ♀, Nepal, Solu Khumbu, S Dudh Kund, 4000–4100 m, 27°40'36" N, 86°35'26" E, 25. V. 2013, leg. J. Schmidt (cSCHM). Body length 11–12 mm. Colour black, shiny, appendages of head brown. Antennae brown, rarely the antennal scape or the entire antenna blackish darkened. Legs black, knees brownish lightened, tarsi brown. Head with a shallow transverse impression behind the prominent eyes. Labrum with anterior margin straight, bearing six setae. Apical margin of clypeus straight. Clypeus laterally unisetose. Head supraorbitally unisetose, rarely asymmetrically bisetose or bisetose (in a single case in the type series). Frontal furrows shallow. Vertex finely transversally wrinkled but impunctate. Antennae long and slender extending to the middle of the elytra. Antennal scape elongate, as long as the eye's diameter, basally narrowed, cylindrical apically, with one dorsal seta. 2 nd Antennomere with one seta ventroapically. 4 th antennomere apically with a collar of long setae, without additional short setae. Penultimate labial palpomere bi- or trisetose, rarely asymmetrically with two and three setae. Ligula spiny, with two lateral setae. Maxillary stipes laterally straight, with 5–7 setae. Mentum with bifid medial tooth. Submentum with a row of 10–13 setae. Not or inconspicuously punctate on vertex. Microsculpture of the head isodiametric. Pronotum transverse, subcordate, moderately convex, narrowed basally, lateral margin straight in basal half, rarely with a faint concave sinuation in front of the basal angles (Fig. 31F). Lateral groove very narrow, conspicuous, broadened basally. Lateral margin basally blade-like. Posterior angles acutely projected posteriorly. Anterior angles wide, rounded, weakly protruding. Basal margin bisinuate, with a deep incision towards the basal fovea. Pronotal disc weakly convex. Basal fovea deepened, apical and posterior transverse impressions well-defined; median longitudinal impression weak. Basal fovea and transverse impressions sparsely punctate, lateral groove only in the basal, broadened part punctate. Punctation of the apical transverse impression extended to the apical margin. Posterior part of the median longitudinal impression with faint wrinkles. Apical margination of the pronotum restricted to lateral one-third, merges with a distinct ridge at the apex of the anterior angle; the ridge continues along the lateral groove to the hindmost lateral seta. Basal margination of the pronotum absent. Basolateral seta present. 3–5 (rarely two) midlateral setae in the apical half of the pronotum. Midlateral setae conspicuously inserted on the egde of the lateral margin, the large insertion grooves disturb the outline of the pronotum. Microsculpture of the pronotum isodiametric, impunctate on disc. Proepisternum sparsely and faintly punctate; prosternal process elongate, rounded apically, unmargined. Elytral silhouette moderately convex, ovoid-elongate, narrowed basally, widest in the apical half of the elytra, no subapical sinuation. Elytral apex sharp, rounded. Basal margination straight, smoothly merged, or joined at an obtuse angle, with the lateral margination. Humeral carina faintly developed. Subapical carina absent. Striae on disc finely punctuate, striae only very weakly deepened, nearly inexistent. Striae and punctation obliterate towards the basal margin and towards the apex; striae 6–8 visible as a faint trace of punctation. Intervals flat; 3 rd interval with 5–8 long setae adjoining stria 3. 5 th interval often (59%) with 1–3 setae. 7 th interval rarely (14%) with 1–4 setae. Scutellar seta present. Microsculpture transverse-oblong. Mesepisterna smooth with a few strong punctulae. Metepisterna 1.6 times as long as wide; smooth. Hind coxa with 2–4 basal and one apical setae. Hindwings present as a short strap-like vestige. Sternum 3 with a row of 4–7 medial setae. Sterna 4–6 each with 3–6 posterior paramedial setae; anal sternum with 1–3 paramedial setae in male, 3–4 in female. All sterna with faint impressions laterally. Legs long and slender. All tarsi dorsally glabrous, rarely with a few short setae. Protarsus of male with tarsomeres 1–3 distinctly broadened, with pads of adhesive setae ventrally. Apex of hind tarsomere 4 ventrally markedly projected. Meso- and metatarsomeres 2–4 ventroapically with long setae. All tarsomeres 5 ventrally with two rows of 3–4 short setae. Metatarsomere 5 longer than the metatarsomeres 3+4. Male genitalia: Edeagus (Fig. 20E): Basal part of the median lobe wide, with triangular basolateral lobes. Mid-shaft strongly curved at base on the inner side, and shallowly curved on the outer side forming a flat angle; moderately curved at apex. Apex long, slender, acute, faintly deflected to the left. Midshaft of the endophallus asetose. Female genitalia: Gonocoxa (Fig. 10F): Gonocoxite 2 triangular, half the length of gonocoxite 1, broad at base. Apex broadly rounded, slightly arcuate dorsally, dorsally slightly grooved (Fig. 10G). Ventral preapical insertion furrow elongate-oval, with two nematiforme setae. Gonocoxites ventrally unjointed and continuously sclerotized, dorsally separated by a membranous area. Body ratios: hea.w/fro.w = 1.46± 0.034 (1.39–1.53); prm.w/hea.w = 1.24± 0.023 (1.19–1.30); prm.w/prp.w = 1.53±0.047 (1.41–1.57); pra.w/prp.w = 1.16± 0.030 (1.09–1.20); ely.w/prm.w = 1.59±0.044 (1.51–1.69); prm.w/prm.l = 1.31± 0.038 (1.26–1.38); ely.l/ely.w = 1.62±0.027 (1.58–1.67). Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the Numbur Mountain North of the type locality. Diagnosis: Due to the polysetose lateral margin of the pronotum and the polysetose 3 rd abdominal sternum N. numburica sp. nov. belongs to the molendai species group (N. molendai, N. christinae, N. numburica). The molendai species group is also characterized by the similar shape of gonocoxite 2, which have a broadly rounded apex in contrast to the similar gonocoxite 2 of N. tuberculata sp. nov. with an acuminate apex. These three species of the molendai group inhabit the neighboring massifs of the Rolwaling Himal and the Solu Khumbu Massif. N. numburica sp. nov. differs from N. christinae by the transverse pronotum, which is very slender in N. christinae. N. numburica sp. nov. differs from N. molendai by the sparsely punctate pronotum, which is coarsely and densely punctate in N. molendai, and by the long and slender apex of the median lobe, which is shorter in both N. molendai and in N. christinae. The rasa species group (N. rasa, N. schawalleri, N. martensi) of Eastern Nepal, which is characterized by the polysetose lateral margin of the pronotum as in the molendai species group, differs from the molendai species group by the absence of setae on the 3 rd abdominal sternum (present in the molendai species group). Distribution (Fig. 41): Known only from the type locality in the headwaters of the Dudhkund Khola on southern slope of the Shorong Himal, Solu Khumbu district, eastern Central Nepal. Habitat (Fig. 27): The specimens were collected alongside melt water streams and at the edge of a rivulet in the lower alpine and subalpine zones. Monophyly. The monophyly of the molendai species group (N. molendai, N. christinae and N. numburica sp. nov.) appears clearly and is suggested by four characters: the polysetose lateral margin of the pronotum, the absence of setae on the 3 rd abdominal sternum, and the resemblances in the shapes of the median lobes and of the gonocoxites 2. Moreover, the separated distribution of the molendai species group is also consistent with its monophyly.

Nebria (Barbonebriola) rubostipes sp. nov. (Fig. 7) Holotype ♂: Nepal, Prov. Karnali, Distr. Humla, 16 km W Simikot, 2 km NW Sankha La, 4250���4950 m, 29��56'39" N, 81��39'02" E, 29.VI.2001, leg. E. Grill (NME). Paratypes: 2 ♂ 4 ♀, same data as holotype; 1♀, Nepal, Prov. Karnali, 8.5 km SE Chala vor Sankha La Pass, 4400���4700 m, 29��57,1' N, 81��39,3' E, 28.VI. 2001, leg. J. Weipert; 7 ♂ 6 ♀, Nepal, Prov. Karnali, Distr. Humla, 16 km W Simikot, 3 km NW Sankha La, 4300���4800 m, 29��57'18" N, 81��39'30" E, stone debris and alpine mats, 29.���30.VI.2001, leg. A. Kopetz; 7 ♂ 1 ♀, Nepal, Prov. Karnali, Distr. Humla, 16 km W Simikot, 3 km NW Sankha La, 4700 ���4800 m, 29��56' N, 81��39' E, 30.VI.2001, leg. E. Grill; 14 ♂ 15 ♀, Nepal, Prov. Karnali, Distr. Humla, 16 km W Simikot, 3 km NW Sankha La, 4700���4800 m, 29��56' N, 81��39'02" E, 30.VI.2001, leg. A. Weigel; 63 ♂ 35 ♀, Nepal, Prov. Seti, Distr. Bajura, 20 km W Simikot, 500 m W Sankha La, 4800 m, 29��57' N, 81��37' E, snowfields, 2.VII.2001, leg. E. Grill; 20 ♂ 18 ♀, Nepal, Prov. Karnali, Distr. Humla, 20 km W Simikot, 500 m W Sankha La, 4800 m, 29��57' N, 81��37' E, snow fields, 2.VII.2001, leg. A. Kopetz; 9 ♂ 9 ♀, Nepal, Prov. Seti, Distr. Bajura, 15 km W Simikot, Dudh Lekh / Dudh Tal, 4650���4800 m, 29��56'09" N, 81��40'32" E, stone debris, glacier lakeside, 1.VII.2001, leg. A. Kopetz; 5 ♂ 4 ♀, Nepal, Prov. Seti, Distr. Bajura, 15 km W Simikot, Dudh Lekh / Dudh Tal, 4700 m, 29��56' N, 81��40' E, snow fields and glacier lakeside, 1.VII.2001, leg. E. Grill; 2 ♂ 1 ♀, Nepal, Prov. Seti, Distr. Bajura, 15 km W Simikot, Dudh Lekh / Dudh Tal, 5200 m, 29��56' N, 81��40' E, stone debris and alpine mats, 1.VII.2001, leg. U. B��ssneck; 13 ♂ 8 ♀, Nepal, Prov. Seti, Distr. Bajura, 15 km W Simikot, Dudh Lekh / Dudh Tal, 4600���4900 m, 29��56' N, 81��40' E, stone debris on glacier lakeside, 2.VII.2001, leg. A. Weigel (all paratypes NME, NMBE, cSCHM). Body length 9���11 mm. Colour brown, head dark brown to almost black, mandibulae and appendages of head piceous. Antennae brown. Femora dark brown, trochanters, tibiae, knees and tarsi lightened brown. Head with a shallow transverse impression behind the prominent eyes. Labrum long, with anterior margin faintly convex, bearing six setae; anterior margin in the area of the four median setae bulging. The angles of the labrum strongly rounded. Apical margin of clypeus faintly concave. Supraorbital impression longitudinally wrinkled. One supraorbital seta. Frons distinctly transversally wrinkled. Vertex faintly punctate. Antennae long and slender extending to the middle of the elytra. Antennal scape elongate, subcylindrical-ovoid, basally narrowed, as long as the eye's diameter, with one dorsal seta. 2 nd antennomere with one seta ventroapically. Maxillary stipes basolaterally with a berry-like bulge with 9���10 tubercles bearing each a robust seta (Fig. 1, 3). Penultimate labial palpomere trisetose. Ligula spiny, with two lateral setae. Mentum with bifid medial tooth. Submentum with a row of 18���22 setae. Microreticulation of the head isodiametric. Pronotum transverse, ratio width/length of the pronotum = 1.39. Lateral margin convex, narrowed basally, widely rounded to the anterior angles, evenly and convexly narrowed to the posterior angle; somewhat more strongly narrowed just in front of the basal angles (Fig. 15C). Posterior angles distinctly narrower than the anterior ones. Lateral explanation wide with a conspicuous groove, broadened basally. Lateral margin basally blade-like, obliquely or vertically upturned. Posterior angles acute. Anterior angles wide, broadly rounded, distinctly protruding. Basal margin bisinuate, near the posterior angle a deep incision towards the basal fovea, giving the impression of an acute, strongly protruding posterior angle. Pronotal disc convex. Basal fovea deep, anterior and posterior transverse sulci deep, median line shallow. Basal fovea, anterior and posterior transverse sulci sparsely and faintly punctate, the lateral groove basally even transversally wrinkled. Apical margination of the pronotum restricted to lateral one-third, merges with the apex of the anterior angle. Base of the pronotum not margined. One midlateral seta in the apical half of the pronotum. Basolateral seta absent. Microreticulation of the pronotum isodiametric, impunctate on disc. Proepisternum smooth. Prosternal process elongate, flattened or with a longitudinal bulge, faintly margined laterally and unmargined at apex. Elytral silhouette regularly ovoid, widest in or slightly behind the middle; subapically faintly sinuated. Elytra arched, not depressed. Elytral apex acuminate, but rounded. Basal margination straight, smoothly merged with the lateral margination. Humeral carina faintly developed. Striae deep, distinct on disc, coarsely and tightly punctate. Striae obliterate towards the apex and towards the lateral margin, striae 7 and 8 visible as distinct rows of pores. Intervals rather convex, more convex on disc and towards the basal margin. Apical carina evanescent. Intervals 3, 5 and 7 asetose. Scutellar seta absent. Microreticulation oblong. Mesepisterna smooth. Metepisterna 1.6 times as long as wide, smooth or faintly wrinkled. Metacoxa with 2(���3) basal and one apical setae. Hindwings present as a strap-like vestige of one fourth of the elytral length. Sternum 2 laterally rough, coarsely punctate. Sternum 3 with a row of 2���6 medial setae. Sterna 4���6 each with 3���5 posterior paramedial setae; Anal sternum with 2���3 paramedial setae in the male and in the female. All sterna with faint impressions laterally. Legs long and slender. Tarsi dorsally glabrous. Protarsus of the male with tarsomeres 1���3 distinctly broadened, ventrally with pads of adhesive setae. Ventroapical tooth of the metatarsomere 4 small. Meso- and metatarsomeres 2���4 ventroapically with long setae. All tarsomeres 5 ventrally with two rows of 3���4 short setae. Metatarsomere 5 as long as the metatarsomeres 3+4. Male genitalia: Edeagus (Fig. 8A): Basal part of the median lobe wide, with triangular basolateral lobes which are separated from the median lobe by a suture-like line. Mid-shaft thick, regulary curved, progressively narrowed to the apex. Tip of the apex short, trianglular in dorsal view. Apex faintly deflected to the left. Mid-shaft of the everted endophallus densely and extensively covered with long setae. Female genitalia: Gonocoxa (Fig. 9C): Gonocoxite 2 slender and long, longer than half the length of gonocoxite 1, relatively slender at base, slightly narrowing near base, subparallel sided in median part, narrowing towards apex which is faintly deflected. Apex rounded, distinctly arcuate dorsally, but dorsally not grooved. Ventral preapical insertion furrow short-oval, with two nematiforme setae. Gonocoxites ventrally unjointed and continuously sclerotized, dorsally separated by a membranous area. Body ratios: hea.w/fro.w = 1.43��0.024 (1.40���1.48); prm.w/hea.w = 1.29�� 0.022 (1.25���1.32); prm.w/prp.w = 1.74��0.035 (1.68���1.79); pra.w/prp.w = 1.23�� 0.032 (1.19���1.31); ely.w/prm.w = 1.60��0.060 (1.51���1.72); prm.w/prm.l = 1.39 �� 0.034 (1.33���1.45; ely.l/ely.w = 1.57��0.028 (1.52���1.61). Etymology: The specific epithet (noun in apposition; rubus, latin = blackberry) refers to the berry-like lateral bulge of the maxillary stipes. Diagnosis: The new species is characterized within Barbonebriola subgen. nov. by the presence of a midlateral seta of the pronotum (absent in N. tenuisulcata sp. nov.), by the strongly and densely punctate striae of the elytra (faintly punctate or impunctate in N. kagmara sp. nov.), by the long and subcylindrical basal antennomere (short and ovoid in N. ganeshi), and by the ovoid elytra (elliptic to subovoid elytra with the lateral margin subparallel in N. barbata and N. restricta). Distribution (Fig. 16, Nr. 8): Known only from the type locality Sankha La pass on the eastern slopes of the Saipal Himal on the border of the Humla and Bajura districts. Habitat (Fig. 11): Flat alpine mats with flowers, mix of stone debris and little remains of snowfields., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on pages 17-23, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683, {"references":["Huber, C. & Schmidt, J. (2007): New species of the genus Nebria (Epinebriola) from eastern Central Nepal Himalaya (Coleoptera, Carabidae). - Contributions to Natural History 9: 1 - 14."]}

Nebria (Epinebriola) zayula ANDREWES, 1936 Remarks on the type locality: When describing the species Andrewes (1936) noted the type locality "Kawy La", a locality obviously unknow to him, and which he interpreted as follows: " The locality is apparently the Kaya Pass of the Indian Ordnance Survey map, connecting the valley of the Dibang and Zayul rivers." It was obviously a reading error by Andrewes: On the original label of the type specimen "Kang La" is legibly handwritten, but neither "Kawy La" nor " Kaya La ". Due to the reading error, Andrewes made an interpretation error: The misinterpreted locality (Kaya La) at the India-China border indeed crosses the Mishmi Mountains westwards to the Dibang river valley, but the correct type locality Kang La (= Ata Kang La, Fig. 18) crosses in a linear distance of approx. 50 km the Kangri Garpo Mountains northwards, connecting the Valley of the Kangrigarpo Qu and the valley of Rawok Lake and Mang Lake (Kaulback 1934, Nakamura 2001). Kaulback (1934), member of the expedition in 1933 and one of the two beetle collectors, noted in his travel report "��� on July the 15 th [1933] ��� I went with Kingdon Ward to the top of the Ata Kang La ���." , providing a travelling map (Fig. 18) and thus confirming the collecting date noted on the label of the holotype specimen. Obviously Andrewes had no knowledge of Kaulback's map which was published two years before Andrewes described the species. Distribution: N. zayula is known only from the type locality, but the type locality lies east of the deeply incised Kangrigarpo Qu river valley (= Rong To Chu in Fig. 18) and not west of it as supposed so far. Description of additional morphological characters in N. zayula (Tab. 2): We examined several relevant characters of the holotype specimen of N. zayula which had been overlooked and/or wrongly noted by Andrewes (1936) as well as by Ledoux & Roux (2005). The head supraorbitally bisetose ��� true in N. zayula, but overlooked so far ��� is rare in the subgenus Epinebriola, only present in N. rasa and N. schawalleri, and asymmetrically present in N. molendai and N. martensi. N. zayula is even the only Epinebriola species with a row of 4���5 setae on each side of the male anal sternum (not mentioned in Andrewes 1936, wrongly noted in Ledoux & Roux 2005). For other characters see Tab. 2., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on pages 33-34, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683, {"references":["Andrewes, H. E. (1936): Paper on Oriental Carabidae, 30. - The annals and magazine of natural history, Serie 10, 18: 54 - 65.","Kaulback, R. (1934): Tibetan Trek. - 319 pp., London.","Nakamura, T. (2001): Kangri Garpo range in Southeast Tibet. - Japanese Alpine News 1: 1 - 7.","Ledoux, G. & Roux, P. (2005): Nebria (Coleoptera, Nebriidae) Faune mondiale. - 976 pp., Saint-Just-la-Pendue."]}

Nebria rotundicollis rotundicollis HEINZ & LEDOUx, 1989 Holotype ♂: Holotypus [red label] // Pakistan (Gilgit-Agency), Umg. Rama / Nanga Parbat [handwritten] // 3200���3600 m, 8.���11.7.1986, leg. Heinz [handwritten] // N. (Epinebriola) nouristanensis rotundicollis G. Ledoux det. 1987 [handwritten] (SMNS). Paratypes: 12 specimens same data as holotype (SMNS)., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on page 8, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683

Nebria (Epinebriola) rasa ANDREWES, 1936 The erroneous redescription of N. rasa by Shilenkov (1998) on specimens which turned out to be a new species N. (Epinebriola) martensi HUBER & SCHMIDT, 2012, leads to some confusion in the determination keys in use, and makes it necessary to amend some steps in those keys. We refer to the redescription of N. rasa by Huber & Schmidt (2012) which is based on the analysis of the rasa holotype specimen. Distribution: Known only from the type locality in Sikkim (Fig 41, Nr. 20). Specimens reported from Jaljale Himal in Eastern Nepal by Shilenkov (1998) and by Ledoux & Roux (2005) refer to N. martensi., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on page 32, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683, {"references":["Andrewes, H. E. (1936): Paper on Oriental Carabidae, 30. - The annals and magazine of natural history, Serie 10, 18: 54 - 65.","Shilenkov, V. (1998): New and little known Nebria (Epinebriola) from the eastern Nepal Himalayas (Coleoptera, Carabidae). - Bonner zoologische Beitrage 47: 313 - 320.","Huber, C. & Schmidt, J. (2012): Nebria (Epinebriola) martensi n. sp. from the eastern Nepal Himalaya, with remarks on Nebria (Epinebriola) rasa Andrewes, 1936 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriinae). Pp. 211 - 214. - In: Hartmann, M. & Weipert, J. (eds.), Biodiversitat und Naturausstattung im Himalaya, Bd. IV. Erfurt, 449 pp.","Ledoux, G. & Roux, P. (2005): Nebria (Coleoptera, Nebriidae) Faune mondiale. - 976 pp., Saint-Just-la-Pendue."]}

Nebria (Epinebriola) delicata sp. nov. (Fig. 30) Holotype ♂: S Tibet, Mt. Mendju Zari, SE Lhasa, 29��34' N, 91��13' E, 5200��� 5420 m, 4.6.2011, leg. J. Schmidt (cSCHM). Paratype: 1 ♀, same data as holotype (cSCHM). Body length 9 mm. Colour dark brown to black. Appendages of the head, antennae, tibiae and tarsi brownish lightened. Head small. Labrum with anterior margin straight, bearing eight setae. Clypeus with anterior margin straight. Frons transversally wrinkled. Eyes small, weakly prominent, temples long. One supraorbital seta. Head with a faint collar constriction. Vertex impunctate. Antennae long and slender extending at least to the middle of the elytra. Antennal scape slender, elongate, cylindrical, longer than the eye's diameter, basally narrowed, with one dorsal seta. 2 nd antennomere with one seta ventroapically. Maxillar palpomeres short. Maxillary stipes laterally straight, with 5 setae. Penultimate labial palpomere trisetose. Ligula spiny, with two lateral setae. Mentum with bifid medial tooth. Submentum with a row of 4+5 setae. Vertex impunctate. Microreticulation of the head isodiametric. Pronotum slender, ratio width/length of the pronotum = 1.25. Lateral margin faintly convex, slightly narrowed basally (ratio apical width/basal width = 1.07), rounded to the anterior angles, faintly rounded to the posterior angles, weakly concave in front of the posterior angles (Fig. 31H). Lateral groove very narrow, narrow evenly apically, broadened basally. Anterior angles faintly acuminate, slightly protruding. Posterior angles acute, slightly protruding backwards. Basal margin medially straight, in front of the posterior angles weakly sinuate. Pronotal disc weakly convex. Basal fovea deep, anterior transverse impression weak, posterior transverse impression distinct, median line shallow. Lateral groove and anterior transverse impression impunctate; basal fovea and posterior transverse impression sparsely punctate. Apical margination of the pronotum restricted to lateral one-fourths, merges with the apex of the anterior angle. Base of the pronotum not margined. Basolateral seta present. One midlateral seta in the apical half of the pronotum, inserted within the narrow lateral groove; outline of the lateral margin at the insertion site of the seta weakly disturbed. Pronotum impunctate on disc, microreticulation isodiametric. Proepisternum smooth. Prosternal process laterally margined, apex bulging and unmargined. Elytral silhouette slender, elongate, convex with the lateral margin almost straight in the middle, widest slightly behind the middle. Ratio length/width of the elytra = 1.71. Distinctly wider than the pronotum, ratio elytral width/pronotal width = 1.65. Elytral apex acutely rounded, apical carina faint. Basal margination straight, at right angles with the elytral suture, regularly merged with the lateral margination. Humeral carina weakly present. Striae distinct, deep, reaching the apex, striae 1���2 faintly punctate, the remaining striae coarsely punctate; lateral striae obliterate towards the apex. Intervals slightly convex. Interval 3 with 2���4 setae adjoining stria 3, intervals 5 and 7 asetose. Scutellar seta absent. Microreticulation isodiametric, interspersed with transverse meshes. Mesepisterna sparsely punctate. Sternum 2 laterally faintly punctate. Sternum 3 medially asetose. Sterna 4���6 posteriorly each with 1���3 paramedial setae; anal sternum with two paramedial setae in the male. Metepisterna twice as long as wide, sparsely punctate. Metacoxa basally bisetose, apically unisetose. Legs long and slender. Tarsi slender, tarsomeres 1 and 2 dorsally with a few short setae. Protarsus of the male with tarsomeres 1���3 broadened, ventrally with pads of adhesive setae. Ventroapical tooth of the metatarsomere 4 small and only little projecting. Meso- and metatarsomeres 2���4 ventroapically with long setae. Tarsomeres 5 ventrally with two rows of 3���4 short setae. Metatarsomere 5 as long as metatarsomeres 3+4. Male genitalia: Edeagus (Fig. 20G): Base of the median lobe small, with small basolateral lobes; the base decreasing abruptly to the thin mid-shaft. Mid-shaft strongly curved at base on inner side as well as on outer side; moderately curved to the apex. Apex straight, faintly deflected to the left, in front of the long tip on the ventral side faintly convex. Mid-shaft of the endophallus asetose. Female genitalia: Gonocoxa (Fig. 32): Gonocoxite 2 very long, as long or longer than gonocoxite 1, slender, curved dagger-like, broad at base, distinctly narrowing near base, parallel sided in median part. Apex acuminate, slightly arcuate dorsally. Ventral preapical insertion furrow small, short-oval, with two nematiform setae. Body ratios: hea.w/fro.w = 1.38; prm.w/hea.w = 1.16; prm.w/prp.w = 1.47; pra.w/prp.w = 1.07; ely.w/prm.w = 1.71; prm.w/prm.l = 1.21; ely.l/ely.w = 1.69. Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the habitus and to the finely margined pronotum (delicatus, latin = delicate, dainty, fine). Diagnosis: N. delicata sp. nov. is recognizable within the subgenus Epinebriola by its dainty habitus and by the anterior margin of the labrum with a row of eight setae instead of six. A labrum of eight setae is also present in N. pindarica ��� distributed in Uttarakhand, India ���, a large species of 13���15 mm with the lateral margin of the pronotum distinctly concavely narrowed in front of the posterior angle and with hanging shoulders, whereas in the small (9 mm) species N. delicata sp. nov. the lateral margin of the pronotum is only faintly concave in front of the posterior angle, and the shoulders are pronounced. N. delicata sp. nov. is closely related to N. retingensis sp. nov. due to the resemblance in the shape of the median lobes (Figs 20F, 20H). Remark: Generally the species of the genus Nebria have the anterior margin of the labrum with a row of six apical setae with the exception of N. (Epinebriola) pindarica, N. (Tyrrhenia) eugeniae K. Daniel, 1910, and N. (Alpaeonebria) exul Peyerimhoff, 1910 which all have eight setae, and of N. (Eonebria) lucifer Ledoux & Roux, 1998 with ten setae (Ledoux & Roux 2005). Obviously the evolution to eight or more labral setae happened convergently several times in different subgenera within the genus Nebria. Distribution (Fig. 41): Known only from the type locality, the Mendju Zari Mountain SE of the Lhasa Valley in the central Transhimalaya (Gangdise Shan). Habitat (Fig. 33): Both specimens of the type series were collected on a humid slope in the high alpine zone. Remark (see Fig. 34): The gonocoxites 2 of N. (Epinebriola) retingensis sp. nov. (Fig. 10J, 34A) and N. (Epinebriola) delicata sp. nov. (Fig. 32) are conspicuous in length and shape. Such long and dagger-shaped gonocoxites 2 are neither described nor mentioned in relevant Nebria literature (Ledoux & Roux 2005). In the present case the gonocoxite 2 of N. retingensis sp. nov. (Fig. 34A) is compared with those of some species of the subgenus Eonebria SEMENOV & ZNOJKO, 1928. The gonocoxites 2 of N. (Eonebria) kurentzovi LAFER, 1989 (Anisimovka, Primorsk. Kr. Litovka, Far East Russia; coll. NMBE. Fig. 34B) and of N. (Eonebria) gemina LEDOUx, ROUx & WRASE, 1996 (Qin Ling Shan, Tabai Shan, Shaanxi, China; coll. NMBE. Fig. 27C) look similar to that of N. (Epinebriola) retingensis sp. nov., whereas in N. (Eonebria) amabilis LEDOUx, ROUx & SAWADA, 1991 (Heka, Qinghai, China; coll. NMBE. Fig. 34D) the gonocoxite 2 is shaped in a rather "normal", not dagger-like way. The subgenus Eonebria currently consists of 74 taxa, and the selected three taxa may not be representative for the whole subgenus. But the gonocoxites 2 of the selected Eonebria species may point to a certain variability of the gonocoxite shape as in the subgenus Epinebriola. A re-evaluation of the subgenus Eonebria including the disregarded gonocoxal characters may be required, but such an analysis was not the objective of the present study. For now we leave N. retingensis sp. nov. and N. delicata sp. nov. within the subgenus Epinebriola, and we interpret the dagger-like gonocoxite 2 as being convergent to those of some Eonebria species., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on pages 59-64, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683, {"references":["Ledoux, G. & Roux, P. (2005): Nebria (Coleoptera, Nebriidae) Faune mondiale. - 976 pp., Saint-Just-la-Pendue."]}

Nebria (Epinebriola) triseriata sp. nov. (Fig. 19) Holotype ♂: Nepal, Dhaulagiri Zone, Myagdi Distr., Annapurna South Himal, W-Slope, 28�� 28,30' N, 83�� 44,55' E, 4500 m, 22. 5. 2001, leg. G. Hirthe & J. Schmidt (cSCHM). Paratypes: 17 ♂ 13 ♀, same data as holotype (NMBE, cSCHM). Body length 11���12 mm. Colour black. Pronotum dark brown, somewhat lighter than the head. Mandibulae, appendages of head and antennae brown. Legs black, tarsi brown. Head with a shallow transverse impression behind the prominent eyes. Mandibulae long. Anterior margin of the labrum distinctly convex and bulging, bearing six setae. Apical margin of clypeus straight. Longitudinally wrinkled near the supraorbital seta, transversally wrinkled on the forehead. Eyes prominent. One supraorbital seta, rarely asymmetrically two setae. Vertex impunctate. Antennae long and slender extending to the middle of the elytra. Antennal scape elongate, subcylindrical, basally narrowed, as long as the eye's diameter, with one dorsal seta. 2 nd antennomere with one seta ventroapically. Maxillary stipes flat, laterally with robust setae. Penultimate labial palpomere trisetose. Mentum with a bifid medial tooth. Submentum with a row of 12���14 setae. Microreticulation of the head isodiametric. Pronotum transverse, ratio width/length of the pronotum = 1.36. Lateral margin convex, narrowed basally, widely rounded to the anterior angles, evenly and convexly narrowed to the posterior angle, faintly concave just in front of the basal angles (Fig. 31A). Posterior angles distinctly narrower than the anterior ones. Lateral explanation narrow, impunctate, basally opened out into the deep basal groove. Lateral margin basally blade-like, obliquely upturned. Anterior angles wide, rounded, not protruding. Posterior angles obtuse-angled. Basal margin straight, not sinuate (or only faintly sinuate). Pronotal disc convex. Basal fovea deep, anterior and posterior transverse sulci distinct, median line shallow. Basal fovea, anterior and posterior transverse sulci sparsely punctate. Apical margination of the pronotum restricted to lateral one-fourths, merges with a distinct ridge at the anterior angle; the ridge continues along the lateral groove to the hindmost lateral seta. Base of the pronotum not margined. Basolateral seta present. 2���3 midlateral setae in the apical half of the pronotum, rarely unisetose; midlateral setae inserted at the inside of the slighty upturned margin. Microreticulation of the pronotum isodiametric, impunctate on disc. Proepisternum smooth. Prosternal process triangular, flattened, margined laterally and unmargined at apex, bulging at apex. Elytral outline moderately convex, ovoid-elongate, drop-like, narrowed basally, widest in the apical half of the elytra; lateral margin near the mesofemur straight or faintly concavely sinuate; subapically faintly sinuate. Elytral apex rounded. Basal margination straight, joined at an obtuse angle with the lateral margination. Humeral carina faintly developed. Striae distinct on disc, faintly punctate. Striae obliterate towards the apex. Intervals rather convex, more convex on disc and towards the basal margin. Interval 3 with 4���8 setae, intervals 5 and 7 with 0���3 setae. 1 scutellar seta present, rarely bilaterally with two setae. Microreticulation oblong. Mesepisterna smooth. Metepisterna smooth, twice as long as wide. Metacoxa with 2(���3) basal and one apical setae. Sternum 2 laterally smooth. Sternum 3 medially asetose, rarely with one seta. Sterna 4���6 each with 3���6 posterior paramedial setae. Anal sternum with 1���2 paramedial setae in the male and 2���6 in the female. All sterna with faint impressions laterally. Legs long and slender. All tarsi dorsally glabrous. Protarsus of the male with tarsomeres 1���3 distinctly broadened, ventrally with pads of adhesive setae. Ventroapical tooth of metatarsomere 4 long, longer than half of the dorsal metatarsomere length, bearing long setae. All tarsomeres 5 ventrally with two rows of 3���5 short setae. Metatarsomere 5 longer than the metatarsomeres 3+4. Male genitalia: Edeagus (Fig. 20A): Basal part of the median lobe wide, with distinct basolateral membranous lobes. Mid-shaft slender, one third from the tip on the ventral side faintly bent. Tip of the apex short. Apex faintly deflected to the left. Mid-shaft of the everted endophallus densely and extensively covered with small spines. Female genitalia: Gonocoxa (Fig. 10A): Large, gonocoxite 1 long. Gonocoxite 2 elongate-triangular, longer than half of length of the proximal gonocoxite, broad at base, apex broadly rounded, dorsally arcuate, dorsally distinctly grooved. Ventral preapical insertion furrow elongate-oval, with two nematiforme setae. Gonocoxites ventrally unjointed and continuously sclerotized, dorsally separated by a membranous area. Body ratios: hea.w/fro.w = 1.43��0.023 (1.38���1.47); prm.w/hea.w = 1.26�� 0.043 (1.15���1.30); prm.w/prp.w = 1.68��0.028 (1.63���1.72); pra.w/prp.w = 1.17�� 0.043 (1.09���1.24); ely.w/prm.w = 1.60��0.043 (1.53���1.69); prm.w/prm.l = 1.34�� 0.045 (1.24���1.40); ely.l/ely.w = 1.62��0.040 (1.55���1.70). Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the three (the 3 rd, 5 th and 7 th) oligosetose intervals of the elytra. Diagnosis: N. triseriata sp. nov. and N. martensi are the only Epinebriola species with the 5 th and 7 th intervals of the elytra setose. N. triseriata differs from N. martensi by the trisetose penultimate labial palpus (bisetose in N. martensi), by the presence of a scutellar seta, which generally is absent in N. martensi, by the distinct striae of the elytra (shallow in N. martensi), and by the mid-shaft of the endophallus densely covered with setae (asetose in N. martensi). Distribution (Fig. 41): Known only from the type locality on western slope of the Annapurna South Himal, western Central Nepal Himalaya. Habitat: All specimens were collected alongside a melt water stream in the high alpine zone., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on pages 35-37, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683

Nebria (Epinebriola) pseudorestias sp. nov. (Fig. 35) Holotype ♂: Nepal, Jaljale Himal, Thangla Bhanjyang, 4630 m, 29.VI.2011, leg. S. Tamang, 27��41'41" N, 87��35'32" E (cSCHM). Paratypes: 41 ♂ 74 ♀, same data as holotype (NMBE, cSCHM); 42 specimens same data as holotype (ZSM); 18 ♂ 24 ♀, Nepal, Jaljale Himal, Thangla Pokhari, 4340 m, 30.VI.2011, leg. S. Tamang, 27��43'09" N, 87��34'54" E (NMBE, cSCHM); 53 ♂ 63 ♀, Nepal, Sankhua Wasabha, W-slope Lumba Sumba pass, 4830 m, 4.VII.2011, leg. S. Tamang, 27��44'24" N, 87��37'55" E (NMBE, cSCHM); 40 specimens W-slope Lumba Sumba pass, 4830 m, 4.VII.2011, leg. S. Tamang, 27��44'24" N, 87��37'55" E (ZSM); 1 ♂, Nepal, Sankhua Wasabha, Somne E Thudam, 4150 m, 2.VII.2011, leg. S. Tamang, 27��45'16" N, 87��35'58" E (cSCHM); 2 ♂, Nepal, Taplejung distr., S Lumba Sumba pass, 4750 m, 5.VII.2011, leg. S. Tamang, 27��43'24" N, 87��39'20" E (cSCHM); 2 ♀, Nepal, Taplejung distr., S Lumba Sumba Himal, upper Palung Khola Vall., 4200 m, 6.VII.2011, leg. S. Tamang, 27��41'12" N, 87��40'15" E (cSCHM); 6 ♂ 3 ♀, Nepal, Taplejung distr., ascent to Tangje La NW Walungchung Gola, 4400���4600 m, alpine steppe, 23 May 1988, leg. Martens & Schawaller, Nepal-Expeditionen Jochen Martens, Nebria orestias Andr. det. Shilenkov 1994 [2 specimens] (SMNS, ZFMK); 1 ♂ 3 ♀, Nepal, Sankhua Wasabha distr., ascent to Meropapa La from Gabri Khola S Thudam, 4300���4600 m, meadows with dwarf Rhododendron, 26 May 1988, leg. Martens & Schawaller, Nepal-Expeditionen Jochen Martens (SMNS, ZFMK); 2 ♂ 2 ♀, Nepal, Sankhua Wasabha distr., from Thudam to Gabri Khola, 4000���4250 m, 27 May 1988, dwarf Rhododendron, leg. Martens & Schawaller, Nepal-Expeditionen Jochen Martens (SMNS, NMBE); 1 ♀, Nepal, Sankhua Wasabha distr., descent from Pomri La, S slope, 4550��� 4450 m, on snow cover, 29.V.1988, leg. Martens & Schawaller, Nepal-Expeditionen Jochen Martens (SMNS). Additional material examined: 9 specimens, Nepal, Mechi/Taplejung, 500 m NE Ghunsa, 3500���3600 m, stone debris/mixed forest, 10.5.2003, leg. A. Weigel, 27��39'48" N, 87��56'36" E (NMBE, NME, cSCHM); 1 ♂ 2 ♀, Nepal, S Kangchenjunga, Hadi Pokhari, 4300 m, 13.VI.2012, leg. S. Tamang, 27��25'12" N, 88��01'16" E (cSCHM); 2 ♀, Nepal, S Kangchenjunga, Timbu (wa) Pokhari, 4350���4500 m, 14���16.VI.2012, leg. S. Tamang, 27��26' N, 88��03' E (cSCHM). Body length 9���10.5 mm. Colour: Black. Head without bright spot on vertex. Pronotum sometimes blackish brown, brighter than the head. Appendages of the head piceous. Legs black with testaceous knees and tarsi, occasionally tibiae testaceous. Antennae reddish-brown, antennal scape occasionally infuscated. Head slightly constricted behind the prominent eyes. Anterior margin of the labrum straight, bearing six setae. Apical margin of the clypeus straight or scarcely concave; clypeus laterally usually unisetose. Frontoclypeal suture slightly concave. Frons laterally near the insertion of the antennal scape faintly obliquely wrinkled, medially distinctly transversally wrinkled. Eyes prominent. Supraorbital setation bilaterally unisetose (rarely unilaterally or bilaterally bisetose). Vertex impunctate with an isodiametric microreticulation. Antennae long, extending to the middle of the elytra. Antennal scape oval-elongate, shorter than the the eye's diameter, distinctly narrowed basally and apically, with one dorsal seta; 2 nd antennomere with one ventroapical seta. Penultimate labial palpomere trisetose. Stipes normal. Ligula spiny, with two lateral setae. Mentum obtusely bidentate with only a shallow incision between the denticules. Submentum with a row of 10���12(���15) setae, medially interrupted. Pronotum (Fig. 36A): Bulging, subcordate, widest at apical third. Lateral margin widely rounded to the anterior angles. Anterior angle acutely rounded, protruding. Lateral margin evenly rounded to the posterior angles with a weak concave sinuation just in front of the angles which acutely protrude backwards. Lateral margin near base strongly and nearly vertically reflexed. Basal margin deeply bisinuate. Apical margination of the pronotum restricted to lateral one-fourth, merges with a short ridge at the apex of the anterior angle. Base of the pronotum not margined. One midlateral seta present in the apical half at widest diameter of the pronotum, inserted in a distinct groove at the inside of the slightly upturned margin. The insertion groove of the midlateral seta disturbs the outline of the pronotum. Lateral explanation narrow, distinctly narrowed just behind the midlateral seta, then broadened basally. Base narrower than apex. Basolateral seta present, inserted at the inside of the edge of the lateral margin. Apical and basal transverse impressions distinct, distinctly and sparsely punctate. Transverse impressions faintly and sparsely punctate; longitudinal impression weak, reaching neither the apical nor the basal margin; paralaterally transversally wrinkled. Basal fovea deep due to the strongly reflexed lateral margin. Microreticulation isodiametric. Prosternal process elongate, rounded apically, laterally and apically unmargined, longitudinally bulging. Proepisternum smooth. Elytra: Convex, ovoid-elongate, sparsely narrowed basally, laterally faintly convexly sinuate at basal third. Humeral carina weakly present. Scutellar setae absent. Striae shallow, obliterated apically and laterally, but deeply incised near base. Striae finely punctate, obliterated apically. Intervals scarcely convex on disc, but distinctly near base. Microreticulation transverse. 3 rd interval without discal setae, with 0���2 setae at the elytral decline just at apex. 5 th and 7 th interval asetose. Sternum 3 medially asetose. Sterna 4���6 with 3���5 posterior paramedial setae; sterna laterally with shallow impressions. Anal sternum with 2(���3) paramedial setae in male, and with (2)���3 setae in female. Mesepisternum smooth and impunctate. Metepisternum smooth, 1.8 times as long as wide. Metacoxa basally and apically unisetose. Legs: Long and slender. Tarsi dorsally glabrous. Metatarsomere 4 with a short ventral tooth. In male protarsomeres 1���3 expanded, with pads of adhesive setae ventrally. Metatorsomere 5 shorter than metatarsomeres 3+4. Male genitalia: Edeagus (Fig. 37A): Base of the median lobe wide, with prominent basolateral lobes. Base fading abruptly to the thick mid-shaft. Midshaft long, strongly curved at base, straight to the apex. Apex in front of the tip on ventral side distinctly convex. Tip short. Apex deflected to the left. Midshaft of the endophallus without setae. Female genitalia: Gonocoxa (Fig. 10I): Gonocoxite 2 triangular, short, one third the length of gonocoxite 1, broad at base. Apex broadly rounded, dorsally arcuate and distinctly grooved. Ventral preapical insertion furrow short-oval, with two nematiforme setae. Gonocoxites ventrally unjointed and continuously sclerotized, dorsally separated by a membranous area. Body ratios: see Tab. 3. Morphometry: The scatterplot of the shape PCA shows that the three populations of N. pseudorestias sp. nov. from different localities of the Jaljale Himal (Thangla Bhanjyang, Tangje La, Lumba Sumba pass) differ clearly from the holotype specimen of N. orestias along the first shape PC, and from the sympatric species N. tangjelaensis along the second shape PC (Fig. 38A). The scatterplots of the three Jaljale populations of N. pseudorestias sp. nov. are almost entirely overlapping, indication that they belong to a single species. We performed another shape PCA including only these three populations and the type specimen of N. orestias. The scatterplot (Fig. 38B) shows a clear separation of N. orestias along the first and second shape PC. The isolation of the N. orestias holotype is furthermore based on true shape differences and not just due to allometric scaling. The LDA ratio extractor was used to find the best body ratio for separating N. orestias and N. pseudorestias sp. nov. The best separating body ratios are frons width / scape length (2.08 in N. orestias, 2.39 in N. pseudorestias sp. nov.), and pronotum maximal width / pronotum apical width (1.31 in N. orestias, 1.42 in N. pseudorestias sp. nov.) (Fig. 38C, Tab. 3). Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the similar species N. orestias ANDREWES, 1932. Diagnosis: Lateral margin of the pronotum widely rounded towards the anterior angles in N. pseudorestias sp. nov., whereas in N. orestias the lateral margin is only slightly narrowed to the anterior angles. Anterior angles of the pronotum acutely protruding in N. pseudorestias sp. nov. (Fig. 32A), scarcely protruding in N. orestias (Fig. 32B). Prosternal process laterally unmargined in N. pseudorestias sp. nov., margined in N. orestias. Median lobe with a long mid-shaft and a short apical tip in N. pseudorestias sp. nov., with a shorter midshaft and a longer apical tip in N. orestias. Lateral margin of the pronotum regularly rounded with a faint concave sinuation in front of the posterior angles in N. pseudorestias sp. nov., whereas in the sympatric N. tangjelaensis the lateral margin proceeds rectilinearly to the posterior angles. Furthermore, N. pseudorestias sp. nov. differs from N. tangjelaensis by its different edeagus outline. Shilenkov (1998) placed N. tangjelaensis close to N. orestias without giving details. There is indeed one character (the unisetose basal margin of the metacoxa) which allows to pool four of the 20 known taxa from the Eastern Himalaya range: N. orestias, N. pseudorestias sp. nov., N. tangjelaensis and N. incarinata sp. nov. (see below). Due to considerable differences in the median lobes, in pronotal and humeral characters we state a close relationship only for N. orestias and N. pseudorestias sp. nov. Distribution (Fig. 41): Based on current data, the distribution of N. pseudorestias sp. nov. seems to be restricted to the western and southern slopes of the Kangchenjunga Massif (including the higher portions of the Singalila mountain range) and to the westerly adjacent Lumbasumba Himal and Jaljale Himal. Habitat: Not noted., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on pages 66-72, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683, {"references":["Andrewes, H. E. (1932): Paper on Oriental Carabidae, 26. - The annals and magazine of natural history, Serie 10, 9: 133 - 146.","Shilenkov, V. (1998): New and little known Nebria (Epinebriola) from the eastern Nepal Himalayas (Coleoptera, Carabidae). - Bonner zoologische Beitrage 47: 313 - 320."]}

Barbonebriola subgen. nov. Type species: N. barbata ANDREWES, 1929, p. 130, by present designation. = ganeshi species group sensu Ledoux & Roux (2005) Remarks to the ganeshi species group sensu Ledoux & Roux (2005) Up to now the ganeshi species group consists, in accordance with Ledoux & Roux (2005), of the three taxa N. ganeshi, N. barbata and N. restricta. The examination of a considerable amount of specimens of the ganeshi species group (with the exception of N. restricta) just as of three new species which are described below revealed an exclusive morphologic character common to all members of this group: The stipes as the second maxillomere is developed to a latero-external berry-like swelling bearing the setae on distinct tubercles (Fig. 1). All other Epinebriola species outside of the ganeshi species group are characterized by the presence of a "normal" flattened stipes which represents the plesiomorphic state (Fig. 2). Ledoux & Roux (2005) established the ganeshi species group probably due to reasons of distribution and/or habitus resemblance, but without giving any precise morphological characters. Specimens of N. barbata (from Barbusa La near Chilas, Pakistan) and of N. ganeshi (from the type locality Rohtang La, Himachal Pradesh, India) have a conspicuous berry-like bulge on the stipes (Fig. 1, 3) as well as the new species N. rubostipes sp. nov., N. tenuisulcata sp. nov. and N. kagmara sp. nov. Such a chaetiphorous lateral bulge of the maxillary stipes has neither been noted or described so far nor used in the species identification within the subgenus Epinebriola, not even within the genus Nebria. Obviously this maxillary character has consistently been overlooked. Under a scanning electron microscope SEM, the long setae of the berry-like stipes turned out to be truncate and open-pored (Fig. 3) in contrast to the setae of a "normal" stipes, of which the tips are long and fine (Fig. 4). The pore of the truncate seta tip may be filled with rests of a probable (dried) receptor lymph (Fig. 3B). Furthermore, the cuticle of the berry-like stipes is laced with (gland?) pores (Fig. 3), whereas in the "normal" stipes the cuticle is free of pores (Fig. 4); the function of the stipal pores is unknown. Campaniform sensilla as mechanoreceptors, which respond to stress and strain within the cuticle (Gewecke 1995), are on both types of stipites. The bow of truncate setae on the laterally bulging stipes in N. rubostipes sp. nov. may be part of a contact-chemosensitive system of food control, in contrast to N. impunctata sp. nov. with tapered setae on a "normal" stipes, where food control happens mechanosensitively. The pores on the cuticle of the stipes in N. rubostipes sp. nov. (Fig. 3A) point to a gland system, which is absent in N. impunctata sp. nov. The lateral berry-like bulge of the stipes may enclose structures of a chemosensitive food control system and of a gland system in contrast to the flattened "normal" mechanosensitive stipes. The open-pored stipal setae (Fig. 3B) point to such a chemosensitive system. Contact-chemosensitive sensilla are well analyzed in spiders (Drewes & Bernard 1976, Harris & Mill 1977, Vallet et al. 1998, Foelix 2015). They differ from common mechanosensitive setae by the open-pored tip, and they serve to test the chemical quality of substrates and thus the edibility of prey ("taste by touch"). Whereas in spiders the chemosensitive sensilla are located mainly on the forelegs and in a small number also on mouthparts, in Coleoptera chemosensitive setae on mouthparts are definitely plausible. The analysis of the inner anatomy of the berry-like bulging stipes and of the supposed neurophysiological structures of a chemosensitive food control system and of a gland system was not the objective of the present paper. Our hypothesis may encourage to such an investigation. However, the berry-like bulge, hiding an evolutionarily complex system, is the only macroscopic character and is common to only a few related species within the genus Nebria. We interpret this unique (and so far overlooked) berry-like stipes, observed in the two known Epinebriola species N. barbata and N. ganeshi (and? N. restricta) as in three new species (described below), to be apomorphic, a character which is part of a so far unknown contact chemosensitive food control system within the genus Nebria. Due to the neurophysiological complexity which manifests phenologically in that conspicuous berry-like bulge, we state a serious evolutionary weightiness for this stipes character. We interpret this well defined species group to be monophylic, and therefore we propose the name Barbonebriola on subgeneric level for this species group. The fact of paraphyly in the subgenus Epinebriola allows to isolate the ganeshi species group without violating a possible monophyly in the remaining subgenus. Gonocoxae (or coxostyli) of female genitalia of Nebria species are single or with two gonocoxites. The gonocoxae are rotated 90�� in repose. In the subgenera Epinebriola and Barbonebriola sp. nov. the female gonocoxae are bipartite with a subcylindrical lightly sclerotized proximal gonocoxite 1 (or stylomere 1), and a highly sclerotized distal gonocoxite 2 (or gonostylus or stylomere 2). Gonocoxite 1 and 2 are continuously sclerotized ventrally giving the impression of unjointed or fused segments, whereas dorsally a membranous area points to a possible articulation between the gonocoxites (Fig. 10G). Up to now gonocoxae characters have been disregarded and unvalued in palearctic species of the genus Nebria. The present examination of the gonocoxae of female Epinebriola specimens shows an astonishingly wide variability in shape and length of the distal gonocoxite 2 (see Fig. 10), whereas in Barbonebriola subgen. nov. all species are characterized by a distinct uniformity in shape and length of the gonocoxite 2 (Fig. 9). The shape of the gonocoxite 2 seems to be a stable character in the Barbonebriola species group, and its uniformity within Barbonebriola confirms the monophyly of this new subgenus. Remark: Ledoux & Roux (2005) mentioned an unisetose apex of the gonocoxite 2 in most ("presque toujours") Nebria species. In the present analysis all examined gonocoxite 2 bear two closely adjoined preapical setae. Fig. 6: Left anterior angle of the pronotum. A: Nebria ( Barbonebriola ) barbata ANDREWES, 1929: the anterior margination of the pronotum merges with apex of the anterior angle (arrow). B: Nebria (Epinebriola) montisanimae sp. nov.: the anterior margination of the pronotum merges with a ridge at the anterior angle (arrow); the ridge continues along the lateral groove to the lateral seta. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Barbonebriola subgen. nov. includes the species of the former ganeshi group sensu Ledoux & Roux (2005) and is defined by the following characters: ��� Stipes of maxilla laterally berry-like bulging, with 6���10 tubercles bearing each a seta (not examined in N. restricta). ��� Penultimate labial palpomere trisetose. ��� Head without lightened spots on the vertex. ��� Anterior margination of the pronotum merged with the apex of the anterior angle (Fig. 6A) (not examined in N. restricta). ��� Midlateral seta of the pronotum inserted in the lateral groove, never on the lateral edge, though disturbing the lateral outline of the pronotum. (Midlateral seta absent in N. tenuisulcata sp. nov.) ��� Basolateral seta of the pronotum absent. ��� Scutellar seta absent. ��� Elytra with humeral carina. ��� Intervals 3, 5 and 7 of the elytra asetose. ��� Hindwings atrophied to a short strap-like vestige. ��� 3 rd abdominal sternum with a row of 1���8 medial setae (not examined in N. restricta). ��� Edeagus of simple, coarse outline, less structured. Base wide. Mid-shaft thick, regulary rounded and progressively narrowed to the apex. ��� Mid-shaft of the endophallus densely and extensively covered with long setae (Fig. 8D). This character was already reported by Ledoux (1984) for N. ganeshi. Not examined in N. restricta and N. tenuisulcata (only female holotype known). ��� Gonocoxa: Gonocoxite 2 long, longer than of half length of gonocoxite 1, relatively slender at base, slightly narrowing near base, parallel or subparallel sided in median part, narrowing towards apex. Apex rounded, slightly arcuate dorsally, but dorsally not grooved. Gonocoxites ventrally unjointed and continuously sclerotized, dorsally separated by a membranous area. (Gonocoxa not examined in N. restricta). Diagnosis: The species of the subgenus Barbonebriola sp. nov. are recognizable by the laterally bulging and tuberculous stipes of the maxilla (Fig. 4, 5). Etymology: The subgeneric epithet refers to the "hairy" outlook of the mouthparts (stipes and submentum) of all species of the new subgenus (barba, latin = beard). The gender of the genus-group name is feminine. Remark: Andrewes (1929) did not etymologically explain the name of N. barbata. Due to the "hairy" stipes and its easy visibility in dorsal view, the name barbata may refer to this beard-like appearance of the head's side. Obviously the peculiar "hairy" stipes character was observed by Andrewes and even eponymously conserved in the species name barbata, but he did not make a corresponding note. Monophyly: The monophyly of the Barbonebriola species group seems clear and is suggested by two characters: the consistent and exclusive bulging maxillary stipes (supposedly apomorphic), and the consistent shape of the distal gonocoxites 2 of the gonocoxae in females (see below). Catalogue of species of Barbonebriola subgen. nov.: Nebria (Barbonebriola) barbata ANDREWES, 1929 (transferred from subgenus Epinebriola) Nebria (Barbonebriola) ganeshi LEDOUx, 1984 (transferred from subgenus Epinebriola) Nebria (Barbonebriola) kagmara sp. nov. ? Nebria (Barbonebriola) restricta LEDOUx & ROUx, 2005 (transferred from subgenus Epinebriola; uncertain assignment) Nebria (Barbonebriola) rubostipes sp. nov. Nebria (Barbonebriola) tenuisulcata sp. nov. Distribution: The distributional area of the species of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. covers an area from Kashmir to Western Nepal Himalaya (Fig. 14). The large distributional gaps in the Western Himalaya of India may be an artefact due to insufficient exploration and thus, other Barbonebriola species may be expected in this area., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on pages 10-17, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683, {"references":["Ledoux, G. & Roux, P. (2005): Nebria (Coleoptera, Nebriidae) Faune mondiale. - 976 pp., Saint-Just-la-Pendue.","Gewecke, M. (1995): Physiologie der Insekten. - 445 pp., Stuttgart-Jena-New York,","Drewes, C. D. & Bernard, R. A. (1976): Electrophysiological responses of chemosensitive sensilla in the wolf spider. - Journal of Experimental Zoology 198: 423 - 428.","Harris, D. J. & Mill, P. J. (1977): Observations on the leg receptors of Ciniflo (Araneida, Arachnida). - Tissue Cell 5: 679 - 689.","Vallet, A. M., Marion-Poll, F. & Trabalon, M. (1998): Preliminary electrophysiological study of the contact chemo receptors in a spider. - Comptes rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Paris, Life Sciences 321: 463 - 469.","Foelix, R. F. (2015): Biologie der Spinnen. - 430 pp., Frankfurt am Main,"]}

Nebria (Epinebriola) orestias ANDREWES, 1932 N. orestias was known only from the type locality Jelep pass (Eastern Sikkim) from the India-China border, until Shilenkov (1998) reported the species from the Jaljale Himal (Tangje La, Meropapa La, Pomri La) in Eastern Nepal at a distance of more than hundred kilometres from the type locality of N. orestias. The examination of the specimens from Jaljale Himal and of a large amount of recently collected specimens in the same massif (Lumba Sumba pass) reveals significant differences to the holotype specimen of N. orestias from Eastern Sikkim. The specimens from Jaljale Himal (and neighbouring localities) are therefore described as a new species N. pseudorestias sp. nov. (see below). Distribution (Fig. 41, Nr. 21): Based on current data, the distribution of N. orestias seems to be restricted to the type locality Jalep pass in Eastern Sikkim on the easternmost slope of the Dongkya Mountain group, which forms the border between Sikkim and Tibet., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on page 32, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683, {"references":["Andrewes, H. E. (1932): Paper on Oriental Carabidae, 26. - The annals and magazine of natural history, Serie 10, 9: 133 - 146.","Shilenkov, V. (1998): New and little known Nebria (Epinebriola) from the eastern Nepal Himalayas (Coleoptera, Carabidae). - Bonner zoologische Beitrage 47: 313 - 320."]}

Nebria martensi HUBER & SCHMIDT, 2012 Holotype ♂: Nepal, Sankhua Wasabha, W-slope Lumba Sumba pass, 4830, 4.7.2011, leg. S. Tamang, 27��44'24" N 87��37'55" E (NMBE) Paratypes: 7 specimens, same data as holotype (cSCHM); 1♂, Nepal, Sankhua Sabha distr., Kangla Khola E Thudam, 4100���4200 m, dwarf Rhododendron, rock debris, 24���25 May 1988, leg. Martens & Schawaller, Nepal-Expeditionen Jochen Martens (cSCHM) Additional non-type material examined: 1 ♀ E-Nepal, Jaljale Himal, Jaljale Pokhari, 4200���4250 m, 27��27'53" N 87��27'31" E, 4.VI.2010, leg. S. Tamang (cSCHM); 1 ♂ ditto, below Paanch Pokhari, 4000���4100 m, 27��29'25" N 87��27'47" E, leg. S. Tamang (cSCHM)., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on page 6, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683, {"references":["Huber, C. & Schmidt, J. (2012): Nebria (Epinebriola) martensi n. sp. from the eastern Nepal Himalaya, with remarks on Nebria (Epinebriola) rasa Andrewes, 1936 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriinae). Pp. 211 - 214. - In: Hartmann, M. & Weipert, J. (eds.), Biodiversitat und Naturausstattung im Himalaya, Bd. IV. Erfurt, 449 pp."]}

Nebria (Epinebriola) montisanimae sp. nov. (Fig. 22) Holotype ♂: Nepal, Manaslu Himal, Narte Pokhari, S of Rupina La pass, 4400 m, 26. 6. 2001, leg. S. Tamang (cSCHM). Paratypes: 11 ♂ 7 ♀, same data as holotype (NMBE, cSCHM); 3 ♂ 1 ♀, Nepal, Manaslu Himal, Rumche Tal to Rupina La pass, 4200 mNN, 24. 6. 2001, leg. S. Tamang (cSCHM); 52 ♂ 35 ♀, Manaslu Himal, Dudh Pokhari, 4300��� 4400 mNN, 30. 6. 2001, leg. S. Tamang, H.S. Galel & S. Gurung. (NMBE, cSCHM); 2 ♀, Nepal, Gorkha Dist., zw. Tabruk und Rupina La, 4100���4400 m, 9. Aug. 1983, leg. Martens & Schawaller (SMNS), Nepal-Expedition Jochen Martens; labeled Nebria masrina Andr. det. Shilenkov [misidentification; specimens compared with the masrina holotype (BMNH)]. Body length 11���12 mm. Colour black, appendages of head brown. Antennae brown, 1 st and 2 nd antennomeres darkened. Legs black, knees and tarsi brown. Head with two shallow oblique impressions between the eyes. Labrum with anterior margin straight or slightly convex, bearing six setae. Apical margin of clypeus straight. Vertex impunctate, transversally wrinkled. Eyes weakly prominent. Generally one supraorbital seta (93% symmetrically unisetose, 7% asymmetrically bisetose). Antennae long and slender extending to one third of the elytra. Antennal scape elongate, a little longer than the eye's diameter, basally narrowed, subcylindrical apically, with one dorsal seta. 2 nd antennomere with one seta ventroapically. 4 th antennomere occasionally with additional fine seta near apex. Maxillary stipes with 6���7 setae. Ligula long, spiny, with two lateral setae. Penultimate labial palpomere trisetose. Mentum with bifid medial tooth. Submentum with a row of 10���14 setae. Microreticulation of the head isodiametric. Pronotum faintly transverse, ratio width/length of the pronotum = 1.33. Lateral margin distinctly convex, narrowed basally, widely rounded to the anterior angles, in a straight line or even convexly narrowed to the posterior angles (Fig. 31C). Lateral explanation narrow with a conspicuous groove also apically, broadened basally. Lateral margin basally blade-like, obliquely or vertically upturned. Posterior angles distinct but not acute. Anterior angles very widely rounded, only weakly protruding. Basal margin weakly bisinuate, without a deep incision towards the basal fovea. Pronotal disc weakly convex. Basal fovea deep, anterior and posterior transverse impressions distinct, median longitudinal impression very weak. Basal fovea, anterior and posterior transverse impressions sparsely and faintly punctate; the narrow lateral groove impunctate. Apical margination of the pronotum restricted to lateral one-thirds, merges with a ridge at the anterior angle; the ridge distinctly continues along the lateral groove to the lateral seta (Fig. 6B). Base of the pronotum not margined. Basolateral seta absent. 1(���2) midlateral setae in the apical third of the pronotum (87.3% bilateral unisetose, 12.7% asymmetrically bisetose); midlateral seta inserted in a distinct groove at the inside of the slightly upturned margin. Microreticulation of the pronotum isodiametric, impunctate on disc. Proepisternum smooth. Prosternal process faintly margined or almost unmargined. Elytral silhouette broad, convex, ovoid, widest in or slightly behind the middle; subapically faintly sinuate. Elytral apex acutely rounded. Apical carina absent. Basal margination straight, smoothly merged with the lateral margination. Humeral carina faintly developed. Striae distinct on disc, faintly punctate. Striae obliterate towards the apex; striae 7 and 8 scarcely visible. Intervals rather convex, more convex on disc and towards the basal margin. Apical seta of the interval 3 mostly present, but hardly visible. Interval 3 with 3���5 setae adjoining stria 3. Scutellar seta variably present (61.4% symmetrically unisetose, 22.9% asymmetrically bisetose (1/2), 8.4% symmetrically bisetose, 7.2% asymmetrically asetose (0/1 or 0/2). Microreticulation oblong. Mesepisterna smooth. Metepisterna 1.6 times as long as wide, smooth. Metacoxa with (2���)3 basal and one apical setae. Hindwings present as a strap-like vestige of one fourth of the elytral length. Sternum 3 medially asetose or oligosetose (0���2). Sterna 4���6 each with 4���8 posterior paramedial setae. Anal sternum with 2���3 paramedial setae in males and females. Legs long and slender. All tarsi dorsally glabrous. Metatarsomere 4 ventroapically markedly projected. Meso- and metatarsomeres 2���4 ventroapically with long setae. All tarsomeres 5 ventrally with two rows of 4���5 short setae. Metatarsomere 5 distinctly longer than the metatarsomeres 3+4. Male genitalia: Edeagus (Fig. 20C): Basal part of the median lobe wide, with prominent triangular basolateral lobes. Mid-shaft thin, slender, strongly curved at base, moderately curved and progressively narrowed to the apex. One third from the tip on the ventral side faintly bent. Apex deflected to the left. Mid-shaft of the endophallus densely packed with short setae. Female genitalia: Gonocoxa (Fig. 10C): Gonocoxite 2 elongate-triangular, broad at base, longer than half the length of gonocoxite 1. Apex broadly rounded, dorsally arcuate, dorsally grooved. Ventral preapical insertion furrow short-oval, with two nematiforme setae. Gonocoxites ventrally unjointed and continuously sclerotized, dorsally separated by a membranous area. Body ratios: hea.w/fro.w = 1.43��0.022 (1.39���1.47); prm.w/hea.w = 1.33�� 0.053 (1.24���1.40); prm.w/prp.w = 1.61��0.039 (1.55���1.67); pra.w/prp.w = 1.12�� 0.032 (1.05���1.16); ely.w/prm.w = 1.64��0.054 (1.56���1.71); prm.w/prm.l = 1.33�� 0.028 (1.29���1.38); ely.l/ely.w = 1.57��0.031 (1.51���1.61). Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the Sanskrit name of the Manaslu Mountain (manasa = spirit = anima (latin); "Mountain of Spirit"). Diagnosis: Close to N. impunctata sp. nov. from the Ganesh Himal. N. montisanimae sp. nov. differs from the N. impunctata sp. nov. by the more elongate elytra and by the faintly punctate striae (punctation absent in N. impunctate sp. nov.). N. montisanimae sp. nov. differs from the sympatric N. rupina sp. nov. by the absence of the basolateral setae of the pronotum, by the larger body size and by the more rounded elytral outline (slender in N. rupina sp. nov.). Distribution (Fig. 41): Known only from the type locality, the pass Rupina La on eastern slope of Himal Chuli (eastern part of the Manaslu Himal mountain range), western Central Nepal Himalaya. Habitat: Not noted., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on pages 42-45, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683

Nebria (Epinebriola) rupina sp. nov. (Fig. 21) Holotype ♂: Nepal, Manaslu Himal, Rumche Tal to Rupina La pass, 4200 mNN, 24. 6. 2001, leg. S. Tamang (cSCHM). Paratypes: 14 ♂ 7 ♀, same data as holotype (NMBE, cSCHM); 1 ♂ Nepal, Manaslu Himal, Dudh Pokhari, 4300���4400 m, 30. 6. 2001, leg. S. Tamang, H. S. Galel & S. Gurung (cSCHM); 1 ♂ Nepal, Gorkha Dist., zw. Tabruk und Rupina La, 4400���4500 m, 9. Aug. 1983, leg. Martens & Schawaller (SMNS). Body length 9���10 mm. Colour dark brown, appendages of head and antennae brown. Pronotum brown, lighter than the head. Legs brown. Head with a shallow transverse impression behind the eyes. Labrum with anterior margin faintly bisinuate, bearing six setae. The angles of the labrum rounded but distinct. Apical margin of clypeus straight. Frons transversally wrinkled, vertex impunctate. Eyes prominent, frons above the eyes longitudinally wrinkled. Antennae long and slender extending to one third of the elytra. Antennal scape elongate, as long as the eye's diameter, basally narrowed, subcylindrical apically, with one dorsal seta. 2 nd antennomere with one seta ventroapically. Apical third of the 4 th antennomere with a few short setae in addition to the apical collar of long setae; the additional ones sometimes hardly visible. Penultimate labial palpomere trisetose. Ligula long, spiny, with two lateral setae. Mentum with a bifid medial tooth. Submentum with a row of 12 setae. Microreticulation of the head isodiametric. Pronotum faintly transverse, ratio width/length of the pronotum = 1.30. Lateral margin convex, rounded to the anterior angles, rectilinearly narrowed to the posterior angles (Fig. 31B). The posterior angles just a little narrower than the anterior angles. Lateral explanation narrow with a conspicuous groove, broadened apically and basally. Lateral margin basally obliquely upturned but not blade-like. Posterior angles acute, protruding posteriorly. Anterior angles faintly rounded, weakly protruding. Basal margin bisinuate. Pronotal disc weakly convex. Basal fovea deep, posterior transverse impression distinct, anterior transverse impression and median line shallow. Basal fovea, anterior and posterior transverse sulci and lateral groove impunctate. Apical margination of the pronotum restricted to lateral one-fourths, merges with the anterior angle. Base of the pronotum not margined. Basolateral seta present. One midlateral seta in the apical half of the pronotum, inserted in a distinct groove at the inside of the slightly upturned margin. Microreticulation of the pronotum isodiametric, impunctate on disc. Proepisternum smooth. Prosternal process flattened and unmargined. Elytral silhouette slender, ellipsoid, widest behind the middle. Lateral margin subrectilinear at basal third. Shoulder distinct. Elytral apex acutely rounded. Apical carina present. Basal margination straight. Humeral carina present. Striae distinct on disc, weakly punctate. Striae obliterate towards the apex; striae 7 and 8 scarcely visible. Intervals scarcely convex, more convex on disc; interval 3 without setae. Scutellar seta absent. Microreticulation isodiametric or faintly oblong. Mesepisterna smooth. Metepisterna smooth, 1.8 times as long as wide. Metacoxa with two basal and one apical setae. Hindwings present as a strap-like vestige. Sternum 3 medially asetose. Sterna 4���6 each with 4���5 posterior paramedial setae. Anal sternum with two paramedial setae in the male. All sterna with faint impressions laterally. Legs long and slender. All tarsi dorsally glabrous. Metatarsomere 4 with a ventroapical tooth. Meso- and metatarsomeres 2���4 ventroapically with long setae. All tarsomeres 5 ventrally with two rows of 4���5 short setae. Metatarsomere 5 as long as the metatarsomeres 3+4. Male genitalia: Edeagus (Fig. 20B): Basal part of the median lobe wide, the basolateral lobes small. Mid-shaft slender, strongly curved at base, moderately curved and progressively narrowed to the apex. Apex straight, in front of the tip on the ventral side faintly convex. Tip of the apex long and slender. Apex deflected to the left. Female genitalia: Gonocoxa (Fig. 10B): Gonocoxite 1 slight and relatively short, gonocoxite 2 elongate-triangular, two-thirds the length of gonocoxite 1, slightly narrowed near base. Apex acuminate, dorsally arcuate, dorsally faintly grooved. Ventral preapical insertion furrow elongate-oval, with two nematiforme setae. Gonocoxites ventrally unjointed and continuously sclerotized, dorsally separated by a membranous area. Body ratios: hea.w/fro.w = 1.51��0.024 (1.48���1.55); prm.w/hea.w = 1.16�� 0.018 (1.15���1.19); prm.w/prp.w = 1.53��0.050 (1.45���1.59); pra.w/prp.w = 1.13�� 0.042 (1.06���1.19); ely.w/prm.w = 1.61��0.046 (1.56���1.70); prm.w/prm.l = 1.30�� 0.032 (1.25���1.33); ely.l/ely.w = 1.63�� 0.030 (1.59���1.68). Etymology: The specific epithet (noun in apposition) refers to the type locality Rupina La. Diagnosis: N. rupina sp. nov. stands out within the subgenus Epinebriola by the additional apical pubescence of the 4 th antennomere and the presence of the basolateral seta of the pronotum. An apical pubescence of the 4 th antennomere is rarely present in the sympatric species N. montisanimae sp. nov. (see below), but the basolateral seta of the pronotum is absent. Furthermore, the lateral margin of the pronotum is rounded to the anterior angles in a lesser extent than in than N. montisanimae sp. nov., and the apex of the anterior angle of the pronotum is without ridge along the lateral groove (in N. montisanimae sp. nov. the apical margination of the pronotum merges with a distinct rigde which continues to the lateral seta). In N. rupina sp. nov. the scutellar setae and and the setae of the 3 rd elytral interval are absent (present in N. montisanimae sp. nov.), N. rupina sp. nov. is distinctly smaller than N. montisanimae sp. nov., and the elytra are elongate-ovoid in contrast to the ovoid elytra in N. montisanimae sp. nov. Fig. 21: Habitus of Nebria (Epinebriola) rupina sp. nov. Male paratype . Remarks: The apical pubescence of the 4 th antennomere is rare in the genus Nebria. It is restricted to the subgenus Paranebria (two species), to most species of the Himalayan subgenus Patrobonebria, and to a few isolated species in different subgenera (Ledoux & Roux 2005). It has not been reported for the subgenus Epinebriola so far. In N. rupina sp. nov. as well as in N. montisanimae sp. nov. several characters speak for an assignment to the subgenus Epinebriola (and not to Patrobonebria) such as the weak head constriction behind the eyes (distinct in Patrobonebria), the impunctate head (punctate in Patrobonebria), the penultimate trisetose palpomere (bisetose in Patrobonebria), and the three dilated protarsomeres in the male (two in Patrobonebria). Distribution (Fig. 41): Known only from the type locality, the pass Rupina La on eastern slope of Himal Chuli (eastern part of the Manaslu Himal mountain range), western Central Nepal Himalaya. Habitat: Not noted., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on pages 38-42, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683, {"references":["Daniel, K. 1904: [new taxa]. In: Daniel, K. & Daniel, J.: Neue palaarktische Koleopteren. - Munchener Koleopterologische Zeitschrift 2 [1904 - 1906]: 76 - 93.","Ledoux, G. & Roux, P. (2005): Nebria (Coleoptera, Nebriidae) Faune mondiale. - 976 pp., Saint-Just-la-Pendue."]}

Nebria masrina ANDREWES, 1924 Holotype ♀: Holotype [red bordered, round label] // Type [red label] // Baltal (Cachemire)] [printed] // G. Babault Ao��t 1914] [printed] // H.E. Andrewes coll. B.M. 1945-97 [printed] // Figured Specimen [printed] // Nebria masrina Andr. Type [handwritten] H.E. Andrewes det. [printed] // Nebria masrina Andr. Holotype [handwritten], N.G. Stork det. 1981 [printed] (BMNH)., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on page 6, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683

Nebria schawalleri SHILENKOV, 1998 Holotype ♀: Nepal, Taplejung distr., ascent to Tangje La NW Walungchung Gola, 4400 ���4600 m, alpine steppe, 23.V.1988, leg. Martens & Schawaller (SMNS). Additional non-type material examined: 14 specimens, Nepal, Mechi province, Taplejung distr., 500 m NE Ghunsa, 27��39'48" N, 87��56'36" E, 3500��� 3600 m, stone debris/mix. forest, 10. V. 2003, leg. A. Weigel (NME, cSCHM); 16 specimens Nepal, Mechi province, Taplejung distr., 13 km NE Ghunsa, Ghunsa Khola between Kambachen and Lhonak, 27��45'50" N, 87��59'49" E, 4200���4800 m, waterfall, alpine mats, stone debris, 14. V. 2003, leg. E. Grill (NME, cSCHM); 5 specimens Nepal, Mechi province, Taplejung distr., 5 km S Ghunsa, Camp nr. Sele La, 27�� 37'05" N, 87��56'29" E, 4200 m, alpine mats & stone debris, 16. V. 2003, leg. A. Weigel (NME)., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on page 8, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683, {"references":["Shilenkov, V. (1998): New and little known Nebria (Epinebriola) from the eastern Nepal Himalayas (Coleoptera, Carabidae). - Bonner zoologische Beitrage 47: 313 - 320."]}

Nebria orestias ANDREWES, 1932 Holotype ♂: Type [white round label, red border] // Type [red label] // Sikkim, Jalep, Ao��t 1901 // Ex coll. R. Oberth��r // H.E. Andrewes coll. B.M. 1945-97 [printed] // Nebria orestias Andr. Type [handwritten] H.E. Andrewes det. [printed] // Nebria orestias Andr. Holotype [handwritten], N.G. Stork det. 1981 [printed] (BMNH)., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on page 7, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683, {"references":["Andrewes, H. E. (1932): Paper on Oriental Carabidae, 26. - The annals and magazine of natural history, Serie 10, 9: 133 - 146."]}

Nebria (Barbonebriola) kagmara sp. nov. (Fig. 14) Holotype ♂: Nepal, Prov. Karnali, Distr. Dolpo, Kagmara La, westside, High Camp, 4300 m, 29. 6. 2009, leg. Santos Tamang (NME). Paratypes: 35 ♂ 33 ♀, same data as holotype (NME, NMBE, cSCHM); 22 ♂ 9 ♀, Nepal, Prov. Karnali, Distr. Dolpo, Kagmara La, eastside, High Camp, 4400 m, 1. 7. 2009, leg. Santos Tamang; (NME); 91 ♂ 61 ♀, Nepal, Prov. Karnali, Distr. Dolpo, Kagmara Lekh, below Kagmara La, 4400 m, 1. 7. 2009, leg. Santos Tamang; (NME, NMBE, cSCHM). Body length 9–11 mm. Colour dark brown. Head black, pronotum often lighter than the head. Mandibulae and appendages of head piceous. Antennae brown. Femora dark brown, trochanters, tibiae, knees and tarsi lightened brown. Head with a shallow transverse impression behind the prominent eyes. Labrum long, with anterior margin faintly convex, bearing six setae; anterior margin in the area of the four median setae bulging. Apical margin of clypeus concave. Shallow supraorbital impression longitudinally wrinkled. One supraorbital seta. Frons distinctly transversally wrinkled. Vertex faintly punctate near the transverse impression. Antennae extending to one-third of the elytra. Antennal scape elongate, subcylindrical-ovoid, basally narrowed, as long as the eye's diameter, with one dorsal seta. 2 nd antennomere with one ventroapical seta. Maxillary stipes laterally with a berry-like bulge with 9–10 tubercles bearing each a robust seta. Penultimate labial palpomere trisetose. Ligula spiny, with two lateral setae. Mentum with bifid medial tooth. Submentum with a row of 20–26 setae. Microreticulation of the head isodiametric. Pronotum subcordate, transverse, ratio width/length of the pronotum 1.39–1.48. Lateral margin convex, narrowed basally, widely rounded to the anterior angles, evenly and convexly narrowed to the posterior angle; somewhat more strongly narrowed just in front of the posterior angles (Fig. 15E). Largest width at apical fourth. Posterior angles distinctly narrower than the anterior ones. Lateral channel narrow and moderately deep. Lateral margin only just in front of the posterior angle moderately blade-like, obliquely or vertically upturned. Posterior angles acute and moderately protruding. Anterior angles moderately protruding. Basal margin straight without incision towards the basal fovea. Pronotal disc moderately convex. Basal fovea shallow, anterior and posterior transverse sulci shallow, median line shallow. Basal fovea, anterior and posterior transverse sulci sparsely and faintly punctate, lateral groove impunctate. Apical margination of the pronotum restricted to lateral one-third, merges with the apex of the anterior angle. Base of the pronotum not margined. One midlateral seta (rarely asymmetrically bisetose), which is inserted in the lateral channel, at apical fourth of the pronotum. Basolateral seta absent. Microreticulation of the pronotum isodiametric, impunctate on disc. Proepisternum smooth. Prosternal process elongate, flattened or with a longitudinal bulge, margined laterally and unmargined at apex. Elytral silhouette convex, ovoid-elongate, lateral margin rectilinear, widest behind the middle; subapically faintly sinuate. Elytral apex acuminate, but rounded. Basal margination straight, smoothly merged with the lateral margination. Humeral carina faintly developed. Striae deep, distinct on disc, weakly punctate. Punctation of the striae distinct only on disc, obliterated basally and apically. Striae obliterate towards the apex and towards the lateral margin, striae 7 and 8 visible as a row of pores. Intervals convex, more convex on disc and towards the basal margin. Apical carina evanescent. Intervals 3, 5 and 7 asetose. Scutellar seta absent. Microreticulation oblong. Mesepisterna smooth. Metepisterna 1.7 times as long as wide, smooth or coarsely punctate. Metacoxa generally with two (1–4) basal and one apical setae. Hindwings present as a strap-like vestige of one fifth to one sixth of the elytral length. Sternum 2 laterally smooth, faintly punctate. Sternum 3 with a row of 2–8 medial setae. Sterna 4–6 each with 3–7 posterior paramedial setae. Anal sternum with 2–3 paramedial setae in the male and 2–4 in the female. All sterna with faint impressions laterally. Legs long and slender. Tarsi dorsally glabrous. Protarsus of the male with tarsomeres 1–3 distinctly broadened, ventrally with pads of adhesive setae. Ventroapical tooth of the metatarsomere 4 small. Meso- and metatarsomeres 2–4 ventroapically with long setae. All tarsomeres 5 ventrally with two rows of 3–5 short setae. Metatarsomere 5 as long as the metatarsomeres 3+4. Male genitalia: Edeagus (Fig. 8B): Basal part of the median lobe wide, with short basolateral membranous lobes. Mid-shaft thick, regulary curved, progressively narrowed to apex. Tip of the apex short, acute, triangular in dorsal view. Apex faintly deflected to the left. Mid-shaft of the everted endophallus densely and extensively covered with long setae. Female genitalia: Gonocoxa (Fig. 9E): Gonocoxite 2 slender and long, longer than half the length of gonocoxite 1, distinctly narrowing naer base, parallel sided in median part, narrowing towards apex which is faintly deflected. Apex rounded, distinctly arcuate dorsally, but dorsally not grooved. Ventral preapical insertion furrow elongate-oval, with two nematiforme setae. Gonocoxites ventrally unjointed and continuously sclerotized, dorsally separated by a membranous area. Body ratios: hea.w/fro.w = 1.39±0.026 (1.35–1.43); prm.w/hea.w = 1.30± 0.024 (1.27–1.36); prm.w/prp.w = 1.72±0.049 (1.65–1.82); pra.w/prp.w = 1.24± 0.39 (1.18–1.30); ely.w/prm.w = 1.58± 0.035 (1.51–1.62); prm.w/prm.l = 1.43± 0.028 (1.39–1.48; ely.l/ely.w = 1.57± 0.029 (1.54–1.63). Etymology: The specific epithet (noun in apposition) refers to the type locality Kagmara La. Diagnosis: N. kagmara is separable from all Barbonebriola species by the base of the pronotum which is not incised at the basal grooves, and by the weakly punctate striae of the elytra. Distribution (Fig. 16, Nr. 10): Known only from the type locality on the southern slope of Kanjiroba Himal, the pass Kagmara La in the Dolpo district (Karnali zone, West Nepal). N. kagmara sp. nov. is the easternmost species of the subgenus Barbonebriola subgen. nov. Obviously the watershed between the Karnali and Kali Gandaki river catchments represents the eastern border of the Barbonebriola distribution. The species immediately east of the Kali Gandaki river on the west slopes of the Annapurna South Himal is a species belonging to the subgenus Epinebriola (N. triseritata sp. nov., see below). Habitat (Fig. 17): Alpine plateau with vegetation mats, rivulets and stone debris.

Nebria laevistriata LEDOUx & ROUx, 1998 Paratype ♂: Paratype [red label, printed] // Yunnan, 10.���13.7.1996, 28��06' N 98��52' E, 3700 m // Hengduan mts. ��� part Meili // V��t Kub��ň leg. // N. (Patrobostriata [sic!]) laevistriata n. sp., G. Ledoux, P. Roux 1998 [partly handwritten] (cSCHM ex coll. Wrase Berlin). Remark: N. laevistriata was described as a species of the subgenus Patrobonebria B��nninger, 1923., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on page 6, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683

Nebria tangjelaensis SHILENKOV, 1998 Holotype ♂: Nepal, Taplejung distr., ascent to Tangje La NW Walungchung Gola, 4800 ���5000 m, alpine steppe, 23.V.1988, leg. Martens & Schawaller (SMNS). Paratypes: 6 specimens same data as holotype (but at an altitude of 4400��� 4600 m) (SMNS). Additional non-type material examined: 2 specimens Nepal, Sankhua Wasabha, W-slope Lumba Sumba pass, 4830 m, 4.VII.2011, leg. S. Tamang, 27��44'24"N, 87��37'55"E (NMBE, cSCHM); 48 specimens Nepal, Sankhua Wasabha, E-slope Lumba Sumba pass, 4750 m, 5.VII.2011, leg. S. Tamang, 27��43'24"N, 87��39'20"E (NMBE, cSCHM)., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on pages 8-9, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683, {"references":["Shilenkov, V. (1998): New and little known Nebria (Epinebriola) from the eastern Nepal Himalayas (Coleoptera, Carabidae). - Bonner zoologische Beitrage 47: 313 - 320."]}

Nebria pindarica ANDREWES, 1925 Holotype ♀: Holotype [white round label, red border] // Pindar V., Almora U.P., 8���11'000 ft. July 1920 H.G.C[hampion] [printed] // Nebria pindarica Andr. Type [handwritten] H.E. Andrewes det. [printed] // Brit. Mus. 1920-129 // 3609 // Nebria pindarica Andr. Holotype [handwritten], N.G. Stork det. 1981 [printed] (BMNH). Additional non-type material examined: 11 specimens Indien (U.P.) Ghangaria, Chamoli distr., 3000���3300 m, 19./ 20.7.1989, Heinz leg. (SMNS)., Published as part of Huber, Charles & Schmidt, Joachim, 2017, Notes on the Nebria subgenus Epinebriola K. DANIEL, 1904 with the description of Barbonebriola subgen. nov. and 13 new species from the Himalaya-Tibet orogen (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Nebriini), pp. 1-85 in Contributions to Natural History 36 on page 7, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787049, http://zenodo.org/record/6285683