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The article discusses the emergence of environmental history as a field of study, with a focus on New York City. It highlights two books, "Fresh Kills" and "Coastal Metropolis," which explore the history of waste disposal and water management in the city. These books shed light on the challenges and complexities of waste management and emphasize the need for sustainable solutions. The article emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of environmental history and the importance of understanding the city's past to address its current environmental challenges. [Extracted from the article]

This article explores the recovery and mapping of New York City's nineteenth-century Spanish-language press, with a focus on Néstor Ponce de León's bookstore and its role in the Spanish-language publishing community. It discusses the potential of digital mapping projects and student collaborations in uncovering lost stories and voices from this period. The article also introduces the concept of "SIGuache," a digital mapping project that aims to amplify suppressed stories in Latinx studies and engage the public in contemplating history. It highlights other digital humanities initiatives that challenge dominant narratives and empower students to fill gaps in our understanding of history. Additionally, the text discusses the SIGuache project's investigation of a 20th century Afro-Atlantic Republic of Arts and Letters and draws connections between Chicanx punk and SIGuache as forms of resistance against oppression. It emphasizes the importance of reanimating past connections and possibilities to imagine a more just world. [Extracted from the article]

This article explores why New York City's municipal government, together with private benefactors, poured an unprecedented amount of money into the arts during the 1980s, a time of broader austerity. While other public expenditures saw dramatic cuts, the arts were considered essential to the city's future as a center for global capital—as a way to lure financial elites and young professionals to the city, create new forms of revenue-raising consumption, and cement New York's reputation as the ultimate global city. New York had always had a vital arts scene. But in the 1980s, the arts were monetized in new ways to serve capital—and capitalists. Arts and culture were central to the new urban lifestyle that helped produce the explosion of global finance. But as arts and culture increasingly came to be associated with a luxury lifestyle, the arts themselves became a luxury, inaccessible to most New Yorkers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlighting two of Manhattan's most emblematic public destinations, the author illustrates tensions between the regulatory mechanisms that commodify public space and the inventive design strategies that attempt to offset them. Morcillo Pallarés traces the genealogy of this strategy, praising Manhattan's famous pocket parks, their original designs, and the participatory processes that brought them to life. [Extracted from the article]

Whereas most transit systems are built line-by-line under a centralized authority, each of the original three networks of the subway was built fragment-by-fragment within a decentralized system of authority descended from the laissez-faire political climate responsible for the explosive and unregulated growth of the city in the nineteenth century. Infrastructural and way-finding initiatives were launched in an attempt to normalize the logic of the subway with respect to other mass transit systems, culminating in 1967 with the adoption of wayfinding conventions portraying the system, deceptively, as a network composed of color-coded service lines. 5 The IRT is the Interborough Rapid Transit Company, the first original system; the BMT is the Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation, the second original system; the IND is the Independent Subway System, the third original system, which was the only publicly operated system of the three before consolidation. Subway riders navigate through stations, platforms, and track corridors differently from their peers in other systems, and they have grown accustomed to a system that changes without growth. [Extracted from the article]

This article reflects on the history and impact of the Walt Disney Company. It discusses the origins of Disney animation and the development of iconic characters like Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck. The article also explores Disney's engagement with different cultures, such as its depiction of Polynesian cultures in films like Moana. Additionally, it examines the role of Disney's consumer products and the company's efforts to gain recognition for animation as an art form. The article acknowledges the importance of audience reception and fandom in shaping discussions about Disney. The authors highlight the controversy surrounding Disney's response to issues of racism and the socio-economic differences among its fan base. Overall, the article provides a multifaceted and complex perspective on the history and influence of the Walt Disney Company. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses how the 2021 La Palma eruption offered a unique chance to examine the connection between earthquake hypocenters and the positioning of magma reservoirs. It mentions that Raman spectroscopy provides a potential revolution in understanding magma storage and transport during an eruption by producing precise magma storage depth constraints in near-real-time including density measurements on CO2-rich fluid inclusions in olivine crystals using this spectroscopy.

In 1961, New York City's Department of City Planning adopted a bonus incentive programme, allowing developers to build larger buildings if they provided public space. Via a series of zoning amendments, changes to the programme have resulted in a series of changes in the design and use of the spaces. Information for the article was drawn from: archival materials, observations of the use and users of the spaces, and interviews with planners. The history of the David Rubenstein Atrium is presented in detail to answer the question of how the role of the DCP changed over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the late 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s he focused extensively (though by no means exclusively) on Tsumeb (fig. 2), during which time he and his business partner, Frederick "Rick" Ludlow Smith, were responsible for bringing vast quantities of Tsumeb specimens to collectors in the United States and beyond. At the Tucson Gem and Mineral Society (TGMS) Show in 2014, and again in 2015, I had the enormous privilege of sitting down with Charlie to discuss some of his memories of visits to Tsumeb and his role in bringing so many Tsumeb specimens from southern Africa to the United States. B M. S.: I read somewhere that you have estimated that the value of dioptase from Tsumeb exceeded the value of all other Tsumeb collector minerals combined? Charlie was much more than a successful mineral dealer; his knowledge of specimen mineralogy was quite extraordinary, and he had a willingness to share that knowledge in a friendly, modest, and relaxed manner. [Extracted from the article]

An interview with Elliott Jacobson, professor emeritus of Zoological Medicine with the University of Florida, is presented. Jacobson talks about his interest in reptiles and amphibians and his decision to focus on veterinary research. He tells about his work as wildlife veterinarian at the Maryland Department of Wildlife that led him to his residency position at the University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine. He discusses the expansion of the Zoological Medicine program in Florida.

The organizational structure of da Costa Nunes and Sribnick's sweeping history of poverty in New York City can serve as a convenient typology for the larger matter of poverty and homeless in general. Da Costa Nunes and Sribnick close their account by reminding us that homelessness is caused by "deep poverty" but policies rarely address this fact. Da Costa Nunes and Sribnick illuminate the importance of family poverty throughout U.S. history, from antebellum widows' relief to Depression-era Hoovervilles to the "new homeless" of the post-Industrial era. Keywords: homelessness; vagrancy; family poverty; social welfare; poor relief EN homelessness vagrancy family poverty social welfare poor relief 199 205 7 01/17/22 20220101 NES 220101 O'Brassill-Kulfan, Kristin (2019). [Extracted from the article]

The article presents a history of the meetings and conferences conducted by the academic organization American Society of Ichthyologists and herpetologists (ASIH). Topics include the conduct of the first ASIH meeting at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City in 1916, the rotation of meeting venues with an aim to gain more membership, and the comment of 1955 ASIH President Edward C. Raney on the meetings.

A kiosk-based survey at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City in 2016–2018 allowed us to assess public knowledge of antibiotics and public attitudes toward microbes in museum goers. Over 22,000 visitors from 172 countries and territories answered several carefully designed questions about microbes and antibiotics. These visitors also entered age, gender, and country demographic data that allowed for stratification along these demographic and geographic divisions. Because museum goers are likely to be better informed about these and other science-based topics, the results described here can set a potential upper bound for public knowledge on these topics. Surprisingly, the results of our analysis of museum goers' answers about microbes and antibiotics indicate a substantial lack of familiarity with both topics. For example, overall only about 50% of respondents can correctly identify penicillin as an antibiotic and less than 50% of museum visitors view microbes as beneficial. The results described here suggest that we are perhaps off target with our educational efforts in this area and that a major shift in approach toward more basic microbial topics is warranted in our educational efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What provoked the present essay is a bibliopegistic curiosity, the covering of a Book of Common Prayer (Oxford, 1809), bound jointly with I A New Version of the Psalms i (London, 1812), once in the Bernard Middleton collection and now deposited in the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT).[2] What singularizes this somewhat battered binding (see fig. 1), described by Middleton as being "in dark blue goatskin with brown Cobb endpapers. For further information on Judah and Greenleaf and their association with the New York Democratic Republicans, see Eugene P. Link, I Democratic-Republican Societies, 1790-1800 i (New York: Columbia University Press, 1942), 57-59. 33 For their encounter, only briefly recalled by Price, see Price, I Narrative i , 15. 34 Rowan's adventurous life is well recounted in I Autobiography of William Hamilton Rowan, Esq. i , ed. 47 Price, I Narrative i , 17. 48 William Browne, a bookseller and stationer, and John Norton, a bookseller, are both listed in I Matthews's New Directory for the year, 1793-4 i (Bristol, 1793), 8, 62; but neither is listed in Ramsden, I Bookbinders of United Kingdom i . In the interim, Price recalled, Wayland encouraged him to find relief from any contagion in rural Brooklyn on Long Island, "the garden of America."[28] It could not have been much more than a few days later, when "hearing of the abatement of the fever", Price returned to New York (Manhattan) only to learn that Wayland had unexpectedly expired on 12 October.[29] Now thrown onto his own devices, Price tried a few ventures. [Extracted from the article]

On Staten Island in the spring of 1945, a small group of white politicians, business owners, and residents began complaining about a "crime wave" that they attributed to black soldiers stationed at the Fox Hills Army facility. Most of these complaints stemmed from vague references to rumors of crimes rather than actual incidents. Black journalists and members of the NAACP refuted these accusations and argued that the real issue was discrimination against the soldiers and racism on the part of white Staten Islanders. These accusations launched a months-long debate about racism, crime, and policing on Staten Island during the war. Ultimately, the mayor and military authorities responded by intensifying policing and surveillance of the soldiers. This article uses the conflicts around policing in wartime Staten Island as a lens to consider the impact of the war on black New Yorkers and black soldiers stationed in New York City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thus, some of the public transport riders who shifted to cycling during the pandemic will probably continue to ride bikes, especially with improved cycling facilities and greater availability of bicycles noted previously. Government measures to promote cycling during COVID-19 Many city governments have undertaken measures to accommodate and encourage increased cycling during the pandemic, often with financial assistance from state and national governments. Cycling levels and bicycle mode share Eco-Counter operates automatic bicycle trip counters at key locations in European and North American cities. There are at least five reasons to believe that the increase in cycling during the COVID-19 pandemic will persist over the coming years: The expansion and improvement of protected cycling infrastructure, both completed and planned, will ensure better cycling conditions in future years. [Extracted from the article]

New York City witnessed the construction of one of the largest subway systems in the world in the first four decades of the twentieth century. Expansion virtually ceased thereafter, and New York's public transportation has since relied on a legacy of aging infrastructure. The explanation of this unexpected cessation is key to understanding the city's current transit problems, and also offers valuable lessons for other cities experiencing infrastructure construction booms. Identifying the 1951 bond issue as a key turning point, this article argues that there are three convergent factors that brought about the end of subway expansion after the Second World War: political leadership distracted by disputes over administration and unable to plan for the long term; financial constraints imposed by construction and labor-cost inflation, the strained municipal budget, and declining ridership; and the New York transit authorities' indifference to the growing demographic, political, and symbolic significance of the rapidly growing suburbs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mobilization of subspecialty departments in reaction to the unique demands of the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in New York City was swift and left little time for reflection and commemoration. The early days of the pandemic brought unprecedented stressors on the medical system that necessitated a restructuring of hospitals, reallocation of health care workers, and a shift in care and education paradigms to meet patient care demands and public health needs. As the number of cases, intensive care unit patients, and deaths skyrocketed in New York City, many struggled with a somewhat paradoxical difficulty in perceiving the human value of what these numbers mean. Easily lost in the statistics are the stories and experiences of the physicians and trainees who were counted on to halt their own clinical practices and adapt their skillsets to tackle the pandemic. In this article, we present 10 brief narratives from the student members of the Neurosurgery Publication Group at Weill Cornell Medical College and members of the Weill Cornell Medicine Neurological Surgery Residency Program and Department of Neurological Surgery faculty. Reflecting on these individual experiences gives us an opportunity to simultaneously contribute to a history of New York City's reaction to COVID-19 and commemorate the individuals who were impacted by or succumbed to this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay offers a reappraisal of the racial politics of the nineteenth-century Cuban independence struggle through an analysis of the experience, as migrants, of Rafael Serra and other Afro-descendant activists in New York. Serra was the leader of a community that worked with José Martí to create the Cuban Revolutionary Party (PRC). The author makes use of digital tools for network visualization and mapping to illustrate the evidence of both race-based (diasporic), class-based, and nationalist social networks among Serra's constituents. These networks, created against a backdrop of highly localized residential segregation, facilitated a range of political strategies including the creation of race-based organizations, alliances with African Americans, and the more famous cross-racial coalitions of the PRC. Such strategies were not mutually exclusive, as has sometimes been presumed, but rather mutually dependent. In presenting this evidence, the author responds to recent work by Putnam on research "in the digital age" and follows Solberg's call on digital humanities scholars to "give away our game," presenting a critical self-appraisal of the digital methods, tools, and labor arrangements employed. Following Tufte and Theibault, he concludes that digital visual representations are useful to humanities scholars not because they generate or validate arguments, but because they can effectively illustrate arguments that rest on humanistic systems of analysis and evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]