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Online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic has positioned students as objects. They are not given a position as subjects in the teaching–learning process. The policies of the online education system have forced students to lose their rights to negotiate and interact with teachers and friends. They are required to comply with all applicable regulations in their schooling during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper maps the objectification aspects experienced by students during online education, including the types of burdens experienced during the learning process, as well as learning evaluations that are not optimal. The qualitative method used in this paper relies on data from interviews with 30 elementary school students. The results of this paper show that the online education system during the pandemic has positioned children as passive objects who only accept the decisions of adults, depriving them of opportunities to ask questions or engage in discussions with their teachers and peers. Children were expected to adhere to all predetermined policies without being given a platform to express their perspectives. This paper concludes that learning in the time of COVID-19 has taken away the ideal meaning of education for students, which should have been realized and safeguarded according to the expected goals.

Abstract: Facilities and infrastructure are devices in organizing and managing school activities in order to achieve a goal. Therefore, the management of facilities and infrastructure is a way to achieve the function of facilities and infrastructure to be effective and efficient. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of facilities and infrastructure on the quality of education in Mutiara Nambo Bosa Kindergarten, Banggai Regency. This type of research uses quantitative research with simple linear regression test data analysis and instruments in the form of a questionnaire. The sample of this study amounted to 5 people consisting of the principal and all teachers at Mutiara Nambo Bosaa Kindergarten. The results showed that the management of facilities and infrastructure had a positive and significant effect on the quality of education in Mutiara Nambo Bosaa Kindergarten, Banggai Regency, namely the significance value was 0.042

The purpose of this study was to describe why the role of the principal in self-development of students through extracurricular activities at MIN 1 Bener Meriah, and to describe the role of the principal in self-development of students through extracurricular activities at MIN 1 Bener Meriah. This study is a qualitative type using observational, interviews and documentation, data analysis using triangulation theory. Based on the results of the research: the role of the principal is very important in the self-development of students at MIN 1 Bener Meriah. Among these roles are (1) educator: teaching with teacher intermediaries, (2) manager: managing with POAC even though the field is narrow, (3) administrators: take care of correspondence and funding for extracurricular activities, (4) supervise extracurricular activities through joint meetings and direct involvement, (5) leaders: mobilize involved teachers and students in extracurricular activities, (6) innovator: Principals make reforms such as creative guel dance (7) motivator: the principal provides encouragement in the form of words and gifts for students who excel, including in extracurricular activities. So that the role of the principal is done well, it will also have a good impact on the development of students in the extracurricular program.

English skills are very important for traditional transportation drivers in Malioboro Yogyakarta. This research analyzes the latest facts about the English skills of traditional transportation drivers in Malioboro Yogyakarta, barriers to mastering English, and their impact. The subject of this research is the traditional driver transportation (pedicab and andong) in the tourist area of Malioboro. The data collection techniques are interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this research is data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that : (1) the English ability of traditional transportation drivers in Malioboro is still low (2) The inhibiting factors in mastering English are low economy, old age, limited time, low literacy, low education, no training Free English from the government (3) The impact of the inability to communicate in English well is difficulty in making agreement on service rates and less than optimal service delivery.

The epidemic of coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19) has dominated the world for about two years. This disrupts all human activity, one of which is in the field of education. Learning during a pandemic really worries teachers and parents about learning that schools provide students with an online system. Therefore, researchers want to see the online learning process during a pandemic. The purpose of this study was to find a learning system for the TK Satu Atap Lima Puluh in Kabupaten Batu Bara, Sumatera Utara during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method chosen in this study is qualitatively descriptive. Observations and interviews were used to collect data. The respondents to the survey were parents of one teacher and four students. The data analysis technique used is to describe exactly what the researcher receives. The research phase begins with observations, interviews, data reductions, and data analysis. The results showed that the learning process still followed the demands of parents and schools, the learning media did not vary much even mostly only used blackboards and markers and the teacher only explained what was written. Researchers recommend that this research be done on a larger scale so that more meaningful learning can be applied to other educational environments.

Blended learning carried out during the covid-19 pandemic has changed the learning system from online to combined with offline. Currently starting with the government policy to apply lectures with a blended learning system in various universities, secondary education, basic education, and early childhood education. The blended learning system at UIN Mataram demands changes in new learning styles in its application, starting from supporting media, applications used, delivery of learning materials, and learning models between lecturers and students. UIN Mataram has implemented blended learning with the LMS (Learning Management System) application. The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of the blended learning model that has taken place at UIN Mataram with a good LMS system. This research is a descriptive qualitative research, and qualitative data obtained through observation, documentation, and interviews with credible sources. The analysis was carried out inductively, the data collected continued to be reduced and verified, and continued until meaningful final findings were found. The results showed that learning at the PIAUD UIN Mataram study program used a blended learning strategy with a percentage of 70:30, namely 70% online and 30% face-to-face. The use of Moodle based LMS assistance helps students and lecturers in carrying out blended learning lectures effectively

Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada motivasi guru dapat bertahan mengajar di masa pandemi Covid-19 serta perannya, dengan memfokuskan pada faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi guru untuk tetap bertahan mengajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui motivasi guru bertahan mengajar di masa pandemi Covid-19 serta perannya pada TK Islam Sakinah, yang menjadi sumber dan infoman dalam penelitian adalah 2 orang guru. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data adalah melalui observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi. Sedangkan untuk teknik analisis data diperoleh dari penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan adalah, faktor motivasi guru bertahan mengajar di masa pandemi Covid-19 adalah besarnya rasa tanggung jawab yang dimiliki guru terhadap pendidikan anak usia dini, guru memandang profesi guru adalah pekerjaan yang mulia, apresiasi dari masyarakat sekitar lingkungan sekolah, support moral yang diberikan oleh Kepala Sekolah, serta lingkungan yang aman dan kondusif.

The importance of language in life every day is very influential in continuity life, apart from that in learning at school use of Indonesian and English play a role in daily them. See state moment this the importance of language for the very influential child to his life. With objective study for know influence of plurilingualism on performance, an academic student in English learning at school with the methodology used that is through approach quantitative correlation by taking sample study student fifth and sixth-grade school Ibtidaiyah Elementary and Madrasah ages 10 to 12 years consisting of from four class as many as 60 students with data collection techniques through questionnaires and interviews. Based on the results of research and calculations that earned level significance (1-tailed) 0.095 > 0.05, one could conclude that study this on the influence of pluralism on the performance of academic students in English learning at school with level connection or positive influence.

The low quality of human resources and inadequate facilities in madrasas are new problems for educational institutions based on an integrated curriculum. If these conditions continue to be allowed, then the goals of Islamic education will experience obstacles. This qualitative research was conducted to analyze the integrated curriculum management, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of its implementation at MA Al-Mumtaz Gunungkidul Special Region of Yogyakarta. Based on reliable sources of document data and sources, through observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews, inductive analysis was carried out to find meaningful final findings of research results. The results show that at MA Al-Mumtaz, 3 integrated curricula have been implemented, namely, the National curriculum, the Islamic Boarding School curriculum, and the Entrepreneurship curriculum. Management principles are also implemented, starting from curriculum planning by the Pondok Pesantren component at the beginning of each new school year. The implementation of the curriculum is assigned to the coordinators of the education sub-section with its members to students. The implementation of the curriculum is based on the autonomy of the foundation, an integrated curriculum system, a curriculum modification system, and the primacy of affective assessment. Supervision is carried out at the beginning, middle, and end of the school year. Its strengths are the one-way command system, the creation of independent human resources, and the consistency of regulations at MA Al-Mumtaz. Meanwhile, its weaknesses are found in organizing educators and education personnel, as well as community acceptance.

Bahasa merupakan alat komunikasi manusia dalam berinteraksi dengan hakikat kehidupan sehari-hari untuk memperoleh tujuan tertentu. Keterampilan berbahasa dimiliki oleh anak sejak lahir hingga orang tua dimanapun mereka berada. Hal itu ditandai dengan suara yang keluar dari mulut, meski terkadang tidak jelas. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan pemerolehan bahasa anak pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Canden, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan perspektif psikolinguistik. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara dengan pengambilan sampel data pada sepuluh anak rentan usia 3-5 tahun. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perolehan anak usia dini membentuk cara dan kegembiraan. Cara mendapatkan bahasa yang ditemukan melalui; meniru, mengingat, bertanya, dan menceritakan. Dengan demikian, proses memperoleh bahasa anak usia 3-5 tahun terletak dalam bentuk cara dan rangsangan

Kompetensi pedagogik harus dimiliki oleh setiap guru, termasuk para guru RA Rumah Kreatif Wadas Kelir Purwokerto. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis implementasi sistem penilaian portofolio berdasarkan kompetensi pedagogik guru di RA Rumah Kreatif Wadas Kelir serta dampak positif dan negatifnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, dan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Teknik analisis dilakukan secara induktif; reduksi, display data, dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) Sistem penilaian portofolio diimplementasikan berdasarkan kompetensi pedagogik oleh para guru di RA Rumah Kreatif Wadas Kelir Purwokerto. Kompetensi pedagogik meliputi penguasaan ilmu pendidikan, pemahaman dan pengembangan potensi peserta didik, perencanaan dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran, serta sistem evaluasi pembelajaran. (2) Dampak positif atas implementasi penilaian portofolio berdasarkan kompetensi pedagogik disediakan berbagai media yang mendukung terlaksana kegiatan penilaian. (3) Dampak negatifnya, sebagian besar SDM tidak memiliki kualifikasi akademik guru PAUD

Language is one of the most important aspects of early childhood., and mastery of English in early childhood is not so easy to apply to children, so it is necessary to use appropriate and fun methods. The purpose of this study is to introduce children's English vocabulary from the phonological aspect through the singing method. This research was conducted with a descriptive qualitative approach. The research was conducted in Canden Hamlet, Jetis, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Samples were taken from 15 early childhood children aged 4-6 years. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, documentation, and interviews. The results showed that; (1) Improving the linguistic ability of young children, it can be done through the introduction of English vocabulary; (2) Introducing the English alphabet, the names of fruits, the names of animals, various colors, and so on, the most interesting is done by the singing method; (3) To develop linguistic skills by introducing English Vocabularies, it is effective to be taught from an early age.

Tujuan penelitian ini dapat mendeskrisikan tahapan biasakan anak untuk pola hidup bersih dan sehat pada anak usia dini di pandemi. Riset menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek memakai teknik pemilihan sampel dengan pertimbangan tertentu. Penelitian menggunakan subjek guru, kepala sekolah, dan orang tua. Riset memakai wawancara guna mengumpukan data dengan proses analisis melalui 3 cara: reduksi data, display data, dan kesimpulkan serta verifikasi data. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan subjek penelitian ialah penerapan pola hidup bersih dan sehat pada anak usia dini masa pandemi Covid-19 perlu ditingkatkan oleh orang tua, memberikan asupan nutrisi yang bergizi, membiasakan anak untuk hidup bersih dan sehat, olahraga yang teratur, cuci tangan dengan air mengalir menggunakan sabun, dan menjaga kebersihan guna mencegah terpapar wabah Covid-19.

Pembelajaran sentra bermain di TK Angkasa Lanud Raden Sadjad Natuna pada TK ini merupakan satu-satunnya TK yang menggunakan pembelajaran sentra di Natuna. Dalam meningkatkan nilai religius yang telah di terapkan pada TK Angkasa Lanud Raden Sadjad guru memfokuskan kepada anak untuk bersikap sesuai norma agama seperti bersikap sopan dan santun, bertanggungjawab serta jujur dan berakhlakul karimah. Bermain beran yang telah dilakukan pada TK Angkasa di masa pandemi covid 19 ini anak melakukan sendiri di rumahnya, bermain peran yang dilakukan yakni anak diberikan pengalaman langsung oleh guru dengan memperlihatkan video yang telah di share oleh guru sebagai panduan untuk ia lakukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Natuna karena sebagai bentuk motivasi bagi sekolah TK lainnya, adapun metode yang digunakan dengan cara menggunakan metode observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa dalam menggunakan pembelajaran sentra bermain peran di TK Angkasa Lanud Raden Sadjad anak dapat berperan aktif disebabkan karena dengan melalui pembelejaran sentra ini anak lebih mudah memahamai secara fakta namun tetap dalam pantauan orangtua dan gurunya. Bermain peran yang dilakukan pada Anak Usia Dini di TK Angkasa Lanud Raden Sadjad Natuna terdapat nilai aspek religius dari segi moral dan agamanya yakni sebelum mengerjakannya berdo’a telebih dahulu, dari segi kognitifnya dapat memahami dengan sendirinya, motorik halusnya dapat bersikap sopan dan santun serta jujur terhadap orang sekitarnya

Variasi media yang digunakan akan membantu motorik halus cepat berkembang sesuai dengan usianya. penelitian mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis pelaksanaan pembelajaran melalui media kolase bahan alam untuk meningkatkan motorik halus kelompok A TK PKK Mulyojati 16 C Metro Barat Kota Metro. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunkan portofolio, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penggunaan Portofolio melihat kemampuan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran kolase bahan alam. Observasi untuk mengetahui perkembangan motorik halus. dokumentasi digunakan untuk memperoleh informasi tertulis maupun dokumen, serta menangkap kejadian-kejadian yang muncul pada pembelajaran. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode penelitian tindakan kelas, dan dilaksanakan dalam II siklus dan masing-masing siklus dilaksanakan 2 kali pertemuan yang meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Pelaksanaan siklus sebelumnya menjadi acuan untuk siklus selanjutnya. hasil penelitian, menunjukan peningkatan kemampuan motorik halus peserta didik TK PKK Mulyojati pada siklus I peserta didik yang mendapatkan kriteria berkembang sesuai harapan sejumlah 8 peserta didik pada siklus ke II meningkat menjadi 11 peserta didik

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan upaya yang dilakukan lembaga PAUD dalam mengembangkan minat dan bakat anak usia dini berkebutuhan khusus. Minat dan bakat ABK sangat penting dikembangkan sejak dini agar potensi yang dimiliki anak dapat dimaksimalkan sehingga dapat berguna bagi keberhasilan hidup anak di masa mendatang meskipun dengan hambatan yang dimilikinya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan, yaitu pengumpulan data menggunakan teori-teori yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Studi pustaka meliputi proses universal seperti identifikasi teori, temuan pustaka, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sekolah dan orang tua dapat mengembangkan minat dan bakat anak sesuai yang dimiliki anak. Beberapa upaya yang dapat dilakukan lembaga PAUD dalam mengembangkan minat dan bakat, yaitu identifikasi minat dan bakat anak; membangun kerjasama dengan orangtua; perhatikan kecerdasan anak; amati tingkah laku anak dan berikan stimulus; dan berikan dukungan positif pada anak.

Extracurricular activities are one of the containers in coaching and developing students' potential. This study aims to find out the management of extracurricular activities in improving the non-academic achievement of students in Madrasah Aliah Negeri 1 Tulang Bawang Barat. The method used is descriptive analysis using qualitative approach. This research conducts data collection techniques by observation, interviews, literature studies, and internet media. This study used primary data sources obtained through interviews and secondary data sources obtained through online media. The results showed that several steps in the management of extracurricular activities, such as planning, organizing, direction / implementation and evaluation as well as evaluation. Planning is carried out by investigating the number of extracurricular activities. Organizing is carried out by coordinating all components involved in the management of extracurricular activities. The implementation is carried out by arranging and arranging in writing so that the activities carried out can be directed and run smoothly in accordance with the guidelines. And the evaluation is done through member meetings and final assessments.

Abstract: This research aims to examine the implementation of reward and punishment strategies implemented in KB-TK Rumah Cerdas in an effort to improve teacher discipline. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The subject in this study was teacher of KB-TK Rumah Cerdas Malang. Data collection techniques using interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and inference. The results showed that the implementation of reward and punishment strategies in teacher discipline management in KB-TK Rumah Cerdas is to sanction money fines for late teachers and gold awards for teachers whose discipline comes on time. The implementation of this strategy has been shown to help improve teacher discipline in KB-TK Rumah Cerdas. Keywords: discipline; teacher; reward; punishment Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti implementasi strategi reward and punishment yang diterapkan di KB-TK Rumah Cerdas Kota Malang dalam upaya meningkatkan kedisiplinan guru. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu guru di KB-TK Rumah Cerdas Kota Malang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk implementasi strategi reward and punishment dalam manajemen kedisiplinan guru di KB-TK Rumah Cerdas adalah dengan pemberian sanksi denda uang bagi guru yang terlambat dan penghargaan berupa emas bagi guru yang disiplin datang tepat waktu. Penerapan strategi tersebut terbukti membantu meningkatkan kedisiplinan guru di KB-TK Rumah Cerdas. Kata kunci: Kedisiplinan; guru; penghargaan; hukuman

When this Indonesia was experiencing an outbreak of pandemic COVID-19, even the plague is happening not only in Indonesia but worldwide this is a challenge great for parents to keep the fruit of his heart that was not exposed to the virus is, in addition to the parents also become role important that should keep control of the growth and development of the fruit of this heart, especially in times of children early, which at the time these activities are limited so need a way to keep doing activities that can stimulate the growth and development of her with the good. The purpose of this study was to find out how the use of hunter virus game on child development and stimulate children when facing a COVID-19 pandemic, especially in the aspect of cognitive during the early childhood. In this study using qualitative methods with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the result of observations and interviews with child game Hunter Virus This can be used as a media when the children are at home with the game this can introduce to the children about the virus that when this was happening. Besides, children with enthusiasm and are helped in learning about the dangers of the virus.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tentang kualifikasi guru PAUD yang propesional serta implementasinya terhadap edukasi spiritualitas keagamaan bagi anak usia dini. Adanya tulisan ini dapat menambah ilmu pengetahuan tentang teori Abdullah Nashih Ulwan dan Ki Hajar Dewantara dalam konsep pendidikan Islam bagi anak usia dini. Adapun Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam kepenulisan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian kepustakaan (studi literatur) melalui analisis teori-teori yang ditentukan. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa adanya tripusat pendidikan yang terdiri dari keluarga, sekolah dan lingkungan sosial merupakan modal utama dalam penanaman edukasi spiritual keagamaan anak usia dini. TK Al-Furqon Rembang menerapkan edukasi ini melalui program parenting islami, pondok Ramadhan, hafalan Al-Qur’an serta santunan anak yatim, kaum duafa, dan panti jompo. Implementasinya melalui metode pembiasaan dan ceramah. Kualifikasi Guru profesional adalah dengan mempunyai sifat tanggung jawab, berpengetahuan luas, jujur, ikhlas, berprilaku baik, dan menjadikan tauladan bagi anak didiknya

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menganalisis studi kepustakaan dari berbagai buku-buku dan jurnal-jurnal ilmiah. Penelitian yang dilakukan ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu penyebab yang dapat meningkatkan perkembangan moral anak yang berusia dini. Sedangkan metode penelitian menggunakan library research dan jenisnya berupa penelitian deskriptif. Hasil penelitiannya menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan moralitas anak yang berusia dini memperlihatkan adanya proses perubahan tingkah laku, budi pekerti, akhlak, maupun karakter anak untuk memiliki perkembangan yang baik. Perkembangan perilaku pada anak disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan terdekat atau sekitarnya. Perkembangan tersebut dapat berupa keadaan situasi lingkungan, konteks individu, atau kepribadian seseorang dalam konteks sosial atau cara berintraksi dengan lingkungan sekitar dalam bermasyarakat. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa perlu adanya peran orang tua atau pendidik dalam membimbing anak yang masih berusia dini, karena hal tersebut akan mempengaruhi perkemban yang terjadi pada diri anak dimasa yang akan datang. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh perkembangan moral pada anak usia dini dipengaruhi oleh faktor keseharian anak dalam lingkungan sekitarnya, sehingga perlu adanya suatu pembelajaran pada anak mengenai nilai-nilai positif yang akan mengajarkan anak baik secara moral maupun sosialemosiaonalnya.

Problem perkembangan anak usia dini menjadi masalah yang spesifik, unik, dan perlu mendapat prioritas dalam penanganannya yang akurat dan efektif. Sebagai orangtua lazimnya memperhatikan dan memahami perkembangan anak-anaknya. Sehingga, orangtua berkuwajiban mengantisipasinya ataupun mengatasi problematika perkembangan anak-anaknya secara benar. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji urgensitas aspek perkembangan anak ditinjau dalam paradigma psikologi perkembangan anak. Secara faktual, terdapat 3 teori psikologi yang relevan dan menjadi kajian dalam penelitian ini yaitu teori Jean Piaget, teori Vygotsky, dan teori Abraham Maslow. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian studi literatur, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada 3 teori psikologi perkembangan. Perkembangan anak tebagi atas 4 tahap dalam menstimulus perkembangannya. Peran penting orang dewasa untuk membantu anak menyelesaikan tugasnya yang berada dalam zona proksimal development {Vygotsky}. Selanjutnya, Abraham Maslow menyatakan bahwa sebelum menstimulus perkembangan terlebih dulu memenuhi kebutuhan dasarnya agar perkembangan anak berkembang secara optimal

This study aims to examine the role of the environment on the formation of children's character in Jogja Green School. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection techniques used interviews with school principals and class teachers, observations of children in Caterpillar A and Caterpillar classes as well as documentation studies such as daily plain activity, weekly plain activity, daily notes, and children's work documented in the classroom. Data analysis techniques with data reduction, then all data are presented with perfect and good exposure, and make conclusions and verify data. The results showed that the social environment significantly influenced the formation of children's character through learning strategies and methods. Jogja Green School together with parents and the community creates a conducive environment in forming good character of children. The school always communicates with the family through diary or meet directly related to the child's development, so parents understand that the education provided at home must be in accordance with the education available at the school, besides that the school or family has the task of providing stimulus to the community. The community does not teach children with negative words, does not scold the child when the child accidentally destroys neighboring plants but rather gives an understanding to the child, so the child must apologize when making a mistake.

Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan tentang peran keluarga dalam perkembangan anak usia dini. Keluarga merupakan faktor utama dalam proses perkembangan dan pertumbuhan anak. Dengan demikian, tulisan ini mengulas mengenai peran keluarga dalam perkembangan anak melalui konsep psikologi perkembangan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif yang melibatkan penelitian studi pustaka (studi literatur). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara teeoritik terdapat dua teori terdahulu dalam perkembangan dan pertumbuhan anak, diantaranya adalah teori Piaget dan teori Vygotsky. Menurut Piaget, anak usia dini merupakan pikiran yang pra-operasional. Dalam periode ini anak mampu mengembangkan tindakan yang baik dan terstruktur untuk menghadapi lingkungan, anak mulai memahami simbol yang digunakan dalam sebuah objek tertentu. Sedangkan menurut Vygotsky perkembangan anak pada masa awal yang menuju persiapan bersekolah didasari oleh jenis-jenis interaksi yang dimiliki anak di lingkungan sosial nya yang berpusat pada pencapaian tugas perkembangan. Terdapat banyak faktor yang menyebabkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Secara umum, faktor tersebut dibagi menjadi 2 bahagian, yaitu faktor internal (dalam) dan faktor eksternal (luar/lingkungan)

This pandemic period makes educational institutions work even harder in marketing educational services, and each institution will make marketing management using a variety of methods, as we know that in this case, early childhood education institutions are one of the institutions that have tough competition between one institution and one institution. another. Therefore, school institutions must show clear and ideal quality of their institutions. The main problem in this research is to find out the marketing of educational services in Kindergarten Pelangi Ceria. This research aims to explore and convey new information related to the marketing of educational services. The research method used is to use qualitative research methods in which data collected by observation, interviews, and documentation. Then the data analysis technique used data analysis, data presentation, and drawing conclusions by triangulating the data. The results of this study indicate that the PG-TK Pelangi Ceria school institution indirectly implements PAUD service marketing management by determining market segmentation, positioning, and targeting. Even before the pandemic, the PG-TK Pelangi Ceria institutions had marketed their educational services through digital or via social media, so that the PG-TK Pelangi Ceria remained highly competitive among PAUD institutions around the Delta Sari area.