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Lianwei Li,1 Mengsi Zhang,2 Chao Na3 1Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China; 2Medical Record Statistics Department, The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150028, People’s Republic of China; 3Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Rehabilitation Medical Center, Heilongjiang Provincial hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150036, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Chao Na, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Rehabilitation Medical Center, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, No. 82 Zhongshan Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150036, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13313619817, Email nfnc8318@163.comPurpose: To construct a new clinical staging system including the number of lymph node metastases to supplement the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging for the prognosis of endometrial carcinoma patients.Methods: This cohort study retrieved the data of 28,824 patients confirmed as endometrial carcinoma between 2010 and 2015 in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database. COX risk proportional model was established to evaluate the association between FIGO staging with the all-cause mortality of endometrial carcinoma. The diagnostic value of FIGO staging and the new staging for the mortality of patients were evaluated by receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC). Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were effect size.Results: The 5-year survival rate of all participants was 77.21%. The median follow-up time was 60.00 (60.00,60.00) months. Patients at FIGO staging IB (HR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.62– 1.90), FIGO staging II (HR=2.22, 95% CI: 2.00– 2.47), FIGO staging IIIA (HR=2.74, 95% CI: 2.43– 3.09), FIGO staging IIIB (HR=4.07, 95% CI: 3.48– 4.76), FIGO staging IIIC1 (HR=3.84, 95% CI: 3.52– 4.20), FIGO staging IIIC2 (HR=4.52, 95% CI: 4.09– 4.99), FIGO staging IVA (HR=5.56, 95% CI: 4.58– 6.74), and FIGO staging IVB (HR=7.62, 95% CI: 6.94– 8.36) were associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality of endometrial carcinoma patients. After adding positive lymph nodes as another covariate in Model 3, the effect on of FIGO staging survival was reduced when the FIGO staging was higher than stage III/IV. The C-index of the new staging 0.781 (95% CI: 0.774– 0.787) was higher than FIGO staging 0.776 (95% CI: 0.770– 0.783).Conclusion: Our new staging using the number of positive lymph nodes supplement to the FIGO staging was superior than the FIGO staging for predicting the prognosis of endometrial cancer patients, which might help more accurately identify endometrial carcinoma patients who were at high risk of mortality and offer timely treatments in these patients.Keywords: positive lymph nodes, FIGO staging, endometrial cancer, prediction

During operation, the smart grid is subject to different false data injection attacks (FDIA). If the different kinds of FDIAs and typical failures have been detected, the system operator can develop various defenses to protect the smart grid in multiple categories. Therefore, this article aims to propose a multi‐data classification detection model to differentiate the data of regular operation, faults, and FDIAs when the smart grid suffers FDIAs. Due to the unbalanced number of different kinds of samples in the dataset, Affinitive Borderlinen SMOTE is used to pre‐process the data by oversampling to improve the training accuracy. A multi‐data detection model based on the Inception network is established, and the overall structure of the network and the individual Inception modules are given. A small power system is an example of simulating a smart grid suffering from FDIAs. The designed classification detection model is simulated, validated, and compared with two‐dimensional convolutional neural networks and existing research results. The qualitative analysis of the evaluation metrics can show that the Inception network model has high accuracy and real‐time performance for detecting different data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background There is a lack of consensus on the appropriate St. Thomas cardioplegia solution interval for cardiac surgeries. The objective of this study was to determine a safe cardioplegia interval. Method A total of 340 patients who underwent mitral valve surgery with St. Thomas solution were assessed and divided into 2 groups according to the average cardioplegia interval. In Group A, the average cardioplegia interval was

Abstract In this paper, we show the interaction phenomena about the first-order lump wave and multiple solitons by four theorems. The interaction phenomena are divided into two types, one type is absorbing collision phenomenon and the other type is elastic collision phenomenon. Six sets of dynamic plots over time are showed the phenomenon of absorbing interactions with energy transfer process, the phenomenon of elastic interactions with restoration of the initial state after collision. We apply the four theorems to an equation which can characterize the Rossby waves’ amplitude, this equation can be used to describe the resonance phenomenon of Rossby waves. Different test functions with the same parameter values can present different wave-wave interaction properties. This study contributes to in-depth investigation of the mechanism of lump wave generation, evolution and interaction.

The growth and yield of tea plants are seriously limited by drought stress. Fatty acid desaturases (FADs) contribute to the mediation of membrane fluidity in response to different stresses, although the role of ω-3 FAD (Omega-3 fatty acid desaturase)-mediated damage induced by drought stress in tea plants is poorly understood. In this study, drought stress significantly promoted the synthesis of C18:3 (linolenic acid) and the expression level of CsFAD3. Yeast experiments further demonstrated that CsFAD3 can convert C18:2 to C18:3, and that the 35S:GFP-CsFAD3 fusion protein was localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of Nicotiana benthamiana cells. CsFAD3-silenced tea leaves exhibited poor drought tolerance, with a lower Fv/Fm and a higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content than the control plants. However, transgenic 35S:CsFAD3 Arabidopsis plants showed the opposite phenotypes. In addition, the jasmonic acid (JA) content and the expression levels of CsLOX2, CsLOX4, CsAOS, CsAOC3 and CsOPR2 were significantly reduced in CsFAD3-silenced leaves under drought stress. However, no substantial difference in the salicylic acid (SA) content was detected under normal or drought conditions. An analysis of Atcoi1 (JA receptor) or Atnpr1 (SA receptor) mutant Arabidopsis plants in 35S:CsFAD3 backgrounds further revealed that knockout of Atcoi1 impaired the drought-tolerant phenotypes of CsFAD3 overexpression lines. Therefore, this study demonstrated that CsFAD3 plays a crucial role in drought tolerance by mediating JA pathways.

Abstract ‘Boju’ and ‘Huaiju’ are cultivars of the Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) in the family Asteraceae, valued for their medicinal, tea, and ornamental properties, and valued by individuals. However, the yield and quality of medicinal chrysanthemums are limited by the characteristics of the germplasm resources, including the identification at the varieties and cultivation levels. Currently, research characterizing the chloroplast genomes of medicinal Chrysanthemum flowers is relatively limited. This study conducted chloroplast whole-genome sequencing on two cultivars of Chrysanthemum, ‘Boju’ and ‘Huaiju’, and compared them with the previously published chloroplast genomes of ‘Hangbaiju’ and ‘Gongju’. The study analyzed the chloroplast genome structures of these four medicinal Chrysanthemums, identifying mutation hotspots and clarifying their phylogenetic relationships. The chloroplast genome sizes of four medicinal Chrysanthemum cultivation products ranged from 151,057 to 151,109 bp, with GC content ranging from 37.45% to 37.76%. A total of 134 genes were identified, including 89 protein-coding genes, 37 ribosomal RNA genes, and 8 transfer RNA genes. Comparative genomic analysis revealed 159 large repeat sequences, 276 simple sequence repeats, 1 gene, and 8 intergenic regions identified as highly variable regions. Nucleotide diversity (Pi) values were high (≥ 0.004) for the petN-psbM, trnR-UCU-trnT-GGU, trnT-GGU-psbD, ndhC-trnV-UCA, ycf1, ndhI-ndhG, trnL-UGA-rpl32, rpl32-ndhF, and ndhF-ycf1 fragments, aiding in variety identification. Phylogenetic analysis revealed consistent results between maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference trees, showing that the four medicinal Chrysanthemum cultivars, along with their wild counterparts and related species, evolved as a monophyletic group, forming a sister clade to Artemisia and Ajania. Among the six Chrysanthemum species, the wild Chrysanthemum diverged first (Posterior probability = 1, bootstrap = 1,000), followed by Ajania, while C. indicum and C. morifolium clustered together (Bootstrap = 100), indicating their closest genetic relationship. The chloroplast whole-genome data and characteristic information provided in this study can be used for variety identification, genetic conservation, and phylogenetic analysis within the family Asteraceae.

Abstract Numerous studies have reported that long-term sports training can affect inhibitory control and induce brain functional alterations. However, the influence of environmental dynamics in sports training on inter-cortical connectivity has not been well studied. In the current study, we used twin-coil transcranial magnetic stimulation to investigate the functional connectivity between dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and ipsilateral primary motor cortex (M1) during proactive and reactive inhibition in participants with sports skills in dynamic environment (open-skill experts), stable environment (closed-skill experts), and no sports skills (controls). Using a modified stop signal task, proactive inhibition was measured by the response delay effect (RDE), and reactive inhibition was measured by the stop-signal reaction time (SSRT). Intra-hemispheric DLPFC-M1 interactions and single pulse motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were measured during the task. A stronger inhibitory effect of the DLPFC over M1 was observed during early reactive control stages compared to baseline levels. In addition, this inhibitory effect was pronounced when comparing open-skill experts to non-athlete controls, a relationship that was significantly correlated with superior reactive control performance. Furthermore, DLPFC to M1 influencing direction shifted from late proactive control to reactive control. Behavioral results also demonstrated enhanced proactive control abilities in open-skill experts relative to controls. Such enhancement may be due to the combination of environmental complexity and physical fitness in long-term skill training.

Abstract Objectives The pathogen of Pantoea stewartii (Ps) is the causal agent of bacterial disease in corn and various graminaceous plants. Ps has two subspecies, Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartia (Pss) and Pantoea stewartii subsp. indologenes (Psi). This study presents two complete genomes of Ps strains including ATCC 8199 isolated from maize and PSCN1 causing bacterial wilt in sugarcane. The two bacterial genomes information will be helpful for taxonomy analysis in this genus Pantoea at whole-genome levels and accurately discriminated the two subspecies of Pss and Psi. Data description The reference strain ATCC 8199 isolated from maize was purchased from Beijing Biobw Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (China) and the strain of PSCN1 was isolated from sugarcane cultivar YZ08-1095 in Zhanjiang, Guangdong province of China. Two complete genomes were sequenced using Illumina Hiseq (second-generation) and Oxford Nanopore (third-generation) platforms. The genome of the strain ATCC 8199 comprised of 4.78 Mb with an average GC content of 54.03%, along with five plasmids, encoding a total of 4,846 gene with an average gene length of 827 bp. The genome of PSCN1 comprised of 5.03 Mb with an average GC content of 53.78%, along with two plasmids, encoding a total of 4,725 gene with an average gene length of 913 bp. The bacterial pan-genome analysis highlighted the strain ATCC 8199 was clustered into a subgroup with a Pss strain CCUG 26,359 from USA, while the strain PSCN1 was clustered into another subgroup with a Ps strain NRRLB-133 from USA. These findings will serve as a useful resource for further analyses of the evolution of Ps strains and corresponding disease epidemiology worldwide.

Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous disease with extremely high mortality. We hypothesized that the serum β2-microglobulin (β2MG) level would be elevated and be an independent risk factor for 28-day mortality in patients with ARDS caused by bacterial infection. We retrospectively enrolled 257 patients with ARDS caused by bacterial infection from January 1, 2015 to February 28, 2021. Patients were followed for up to 28 days and were divided into a survival group and non-survival group according to their clinical outcomes. The serum β2MG levels and other clinical data were collected. The relationship between β2MG levels and 28-day mortality was explored by performing a Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, updated Charlson comorbidity index, disorders of consciousness, septic shock, albumin level, cardiac troponin I level, procalcitonin level, lactic acid level, prothrombin time, partial pressure of arterial oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment. In this cohort, 96 patients died in 28 days, yielding a 28-day mortality of 37.4%. The median level of serum β2MG for all enrolled patients was 4.7 (interquartile range [IQR]: 2.9–8.5) mg/L. Higher β2MG levels were significantly associated with 28-day mortality when the β2MG level was analysed as a continuous variable (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.053; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.004–1.104; P = 0.032) and when it was categorized into tertiles (HR: 3.241; 95% CI 1.180–8.905; P = 0.023). The β2MG level exhibited a high diagnostic accuracy for predicting 28-day mortality (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.732; 95% CI 0.673–0.785; sensitivity: 74.0%; specificity: 64.0%; P

Aims: In order to release the contracture band completely without damaging normal tissues (such as the sciatic nerve) in the surgical treatment of gluteal muscle contracture (GMC), we tried to display the relationship between normal tissue and contracture bands by magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) images, and to predesign a minimally invasive surgery based on the MRN images in advance. Methods: A total of 30 patients (60 hips) were included in this study. MRN scans of the pelvis were performed before surgery. The contracture band shape and external rotation angle (ERA) of the proximal femur were also analyzed. Then, the minimally invasive GMC releasing surgery was performed based on the images and measurements, and during the operation, incision lengths, surgery duration, intraoperative bleeding, and complications were recorded; the time of the first postoperative off-bed activity was also recorded. Furthermore, the patients’ clinical functions were evaluated by means of Hip Outcome Score (HOS) and Ye et al’s objective assessments, respectively. Results: The contracture bands exhibited three typical types of shape – feather-like, striped, and mixed shapes – in MR images. Guided by MRN images, we designed minimally invasive approaches directed to each hip. These approaches resulted in a shortened incision length in each hip (0.3 cm (SD 0.1)), shorter surgery duration (25.3 minutes (SD 5.8)), less intraoperative bleeding (8.0 ml (SD 3.6)), and shorter time between the end of the operation and the patient’s first off-bed activity (17.2 hours (SD 2.0)) in each patient. Meanwhile, no serious postoperative complications occurred in all patients. The mean HOS-Sports subscale of patients increased from 71.0 (SD 5.3) to 94.83 (SD 4.24) at six months postoperatively (p < 0.001). The follow-up outcomes from all patients were “good” and “excellent”, based on objective assessments. Conclusion: Preoperative MRN analysis can be used to facilitate the determination of the relationship between contracture band and normal tissues. The minimally invasive surgical design via MRN can avoid nerve damage and improve the release effect. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(9):776–784.

Abstract Objective To analyze the spatial autocorrelation and spatiotemporal clustering characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS) in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2023. Methods Data of SFTS in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2023 were collected. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted using GeoDa software, while spatiotemporal scanning was performed using SaTScan 10.0.1 software to identify significant spatiotemporal clusters of SFTS. Results From 2011 to 2023, 5720 SFTS cases were reported in Anhui Province, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.7131/100,000. The incidence of SFTS in Anhui Province reached its peak mainly from April to May, with a small peak in October. The spatial autocorrelation results showed that from 2011 to 2023, there was a spatial positive correlation(P

Abstract The metaverse represents a transformative landscape for human interaction, promising an immersive digital ecosystem where users can create, share, and experience resources in novel ways. Within this context, the establishment of Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) commons in the metaverse is an exciting prospect that could revolutionize knowledge sharing, governance, and sustainability. This paper explores the potential of the metaverse as a platform for building BDS commons, focusing on three key dimensions: resource sharing, collaborative governance, and sustainable development. We examine the current state of research, identify existing gaps, and propose directions for future inquiries to fully harness the potential of the metaverse for global resource sharing and collective action.

Abstract Background The nursing industry's stability and progress are adversely affected by the high attrition rate and shortage of nurses; therefore, it is critical to investigate the variables that influence the professional stability of nurses. The sense of professional mission and career success have positive significance for reducing nurses' job burnout. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential mediating role of psychological resilience in this relationship. Methods Self-reported questionnaires were utilized by 335 intensive care unit (ICU) nurses to assess their sense of professional mission, psychological resilience, and career success in this cross-sectional study. A structural equation model was developed to validate the relationship between the variables. Results There is a correlation among sense of professional mission, psychological resilience and career success. Significant mediating effect of psychological resilience exists between sense of professional mission and career success. Conclusions In this study, psychological resilience plays an intermediary role between sense of professional mission and career success, which provides support for further understanding the mechanism between sense of professional mission and career success and bolstering the case for devising comprehensive intervention strategies for psychological resilience. Nursing managers should focus on nurses' sense of professional mission and psychological resilience, and implement strategies to enhance nurses' psychological resilience in order to boost their career success.

Abstract Neovaginas are surgically constructed to correct uterovaginal agenesis in women with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome or as part of gender-affirming surgery for transfeminine individuals. Understanding the assembly of the neovaginal microbiota is crucial for guiding its management. To address this, we conducted a longitudinal study on MRKH patients following laparoscopic peritoneal vaginoplasty. Our findings reveal that the early microbial assemblage exhibited stochastic characteristics, accompanied with a notable bloom of Enterococcus faecalis and genital Mycoplasmas. While both the pre-surgery dimple microbiota and the fecal microbiota constituted the primary species pool, the neovaginal microbiota developed into a microbiota that resembled that of a normal vagina at 6–12 months post-surgery, albeit with a bacterial vaginosis (BV)-like structure. By 2–4 years post-surgery, the neovaginal microbiota had further evolved into a structure closely resembling with the homeostatic pre-surgery dimple microbiota. This concords with the development of the squamous epithelium in the neovagina and highlights the pivotal roles of progressive selective forces imposed by the evolving neovaginal environment and the colonization tropism of vaginal species. Notably, we observed that strains of Lactobacillus crispatus colonizing the neovagina primarily originated from the dimple. Since L. crispatus is generally associated with vaginal health, this finding suggests potential avenues for future research to promote its colonization.

Diabetic wound healing presents a unique and complex challenge due to the impaired cellular and molecular functions associated with diabetes. Chronic wounds in diabetic patients are characterized by prolonged inflammation, reduced angiogenesis, and impaired collagen deposition, which significantly hinder the healing process. This comprehensive review focuses on the innovative applications of designer cytokines in precision therapy for diabetic wound healing, emphasizing the remarkable advancements made in overcoming the limitations of natural cytokines, such as their short half-life, potential cytotoxicity, and lack of specificity. We begin by detailing the intricate biological characteristics of diabetic wounds and the essential role that cytokines play in orchestrating the healing process. The review critically examines the constraints of natural cytokines and traces the evolution of synthetic alternatives, with a particular emphasis on peptide-based and nucleic acid-based artificial cytokines. Advanced strategies for designing these artificial cytokines are discussed, including molecular modifications, functional enhancements, and specificity improvements to better target pathological conditions in diabetic wounds. Furthermore, we explore the utilization of synthetic biology techniques to engineer effective cytokine-based therapies. The promising therapeutic potential of rationally designed cytokines is highlighted, showcasing their ability to modulate the wound microenvironment, enhance tissue regeneration, and reduce chronic inflammation. This review not only provides valuable perspectives on the future research directions but also offers insights into the potential clinical applications of these innovative therapies, aiming to significantly improve the outcomes for patients suffering from diabetic wounds.

Abstract Background We evaluated the influence of different partial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2) levels on organ perfusion in patients with respiratory failure receiving pressure-support ventilation with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO). Methods In this twelve patients prospective study, ECMO gas-flow was decreased from baseline (PaCO2

Abstract Background The therapeutic strategies for acute ischemic stroke were faced with substantial constraints, emphasizing the necessity to safeguard neuronal cells during cerebral ischemia to reduce neurological impairments and enhance recovery outcomes. Despite its potential as a neuroprotective agent in stroke treatment, Chikusetsu saponin IVa encounters numerous challenges in clinical application. Result Brain-targeted liposomes modified with THRre peptides showed substantial uptake by bEnd. 3 and PC-12 cells and demonstrated the ability to cross an in vitro blood-brain barrier model, subsequently accumulating in PC-12 cells. In vivo, they could significantly accumulate in rat brain. Treatment with C-IVa-LPs-THRre notably reduced the expression of proteins in the P2RX7/NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway and inflammatory factors. This was evidenced by decreased cerebral infarct size and improved neurological function in MCAO rats. Conclusion The findings indicate that C-IVa-LPs-THRre could serve as a promising strategy for targeting cerebral ischemia. This approach enhances drug concentration in the brain, mitigates pyroptosis, and improves the neuroinflammatory response associated with stroke.

Objectives To observe the therapeutic efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) combined with different pharmacological treatments for adenomyosis.Materials and methods A total of 126 patients with adenomyosis who underwent HIFU combined with pharmacological treatment were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were treated with either dienogest (DNG) (Group A, N = 38) or GnRH-a (Group B, N = 88) for three months after HIFU, and received levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine systems (LNG-IUS) at the end of the third month. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Pictorial Blood Loss Assessment Chart (PBAC) scores were used for evaluating symptom improvement.Results After propensity score matching (1:2), 38 patients were included in Group A and 76 in Group B. All patients showed significant improvement in VAS and PBAC scores after HIFU, but the PBAC score of Group A was significantly higher than that of patients in Group B at 18 months [11.50 (1.00, 29.50) vs. 0.00 (0.00, 16.50), p

The public's health is gravely at risk due to the current global outbreak of emerging viruses, specifically SARS-CoV-2 and MPXV. Recent studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 mutants (such as Omicron) exhibit a higher capability to antagonize the host innate immunity, increasing their human adaptability and transmissibility. Furthermore, current studies on the strategies for MPXV to antagonize the host innate immunity are still in the initial stages. These multiple threats from emerging viruses make it urgent to study emerging virus-host interactions, especially the viral antagonism of host antiviral innate immunity. Given this, we selected several representative viruses that significantly threatened human public health and interpreted the multiple strategies for these viruses to antagonize the host antiviral innate immunity, hoping to provide ideas for molecular mechanism research that emerging viruses antagonize the host antiviral innate immunity and accelerate the research progress. The IAV, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, EBOV, DENV, ZIKV, and HIV are some of the typical viruses. Studies have shown that viruses could antagonize the host antiviral innate immunity by directly or indirectly blocking antiviral innate immune signaling pathways. Proviral host factors, host restriction factors, and ncRNAs (microRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs, and vtRNAs) are essential in indirectly blocking antiviral innate immune signaling pathways. Furthermore, via controlling apoptosis, ER stress, stress granule formation, and metabolic pathways, viruses may antagonize it. These regulatory mechanisms include transcriptional regulation, post-translational regulation, preventing complex formation, impeding nuclear translocation, cleavage, degradation, and epigenetic regulation.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) can progress to severe SHPT (sSHPT), which affects the survival rate and quality of life of patients. This retrospective cohort study investigated risk factors for sSHPT and the association between SHPT and mortality (all-cause and infection-related) among 771 clinically stable patients (421 male patients; mean age, 51.2 years; median dialysis vintage, 28.3 months) who underwent >3 months of regular peritoneal dialysis (PD) between January 2013 and March 2021. The sSHPT and non-sSHPT groups comprised 75 (9.7%) (median progression, 35 months) and 696 patients, respectively. sSHPT was defined as a serum intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) level >800 pg/mL observed three times after active vitamin D pulse therapy. The influence of sSHPT on the prognosis of and risk factors for sSHPT progression were evaluated using logistic and Cox regression analyses. After adjusting for confounding factors, higher (each 100-pg/mL increase) baseline PTH levels (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.206–1.649, p

Abstract In this article, the challenging problem of multi‐target cross localization within a novel distributed high‐frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) is tackled. This system consists of two transmitter‐receiver pairs, each of which can correspondingly generate a set of Range‐Doppler measurements. By associating the Range‐Doppler measurements from the same target, the individual target location can be derived using the associated measurements. However, when multiple targets are involved, it is unknown which measurements originate from the same target, leading to ambiguities in the measurement‐to‐measurement association. False associations can result in ghosts, ultimately degrading the overall system performance. To deal with the ghosts, a three‐stage deghosting method is proposed that incorporates the geometric characteristics of the system, the velocity features of the targets, and the motion features of the targets across multiple frames. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method compared with the other investigated deghosting algorithms. The proposed approach exhibits robust target detection capability while significantly reducing both the OSPA error and the cardinality error.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the predictive value of indicators associated with microcirculation, capillary refill time (CRT), perfusion index (PI), and mottling score, on the prognosis of patients with septic shock. Method: A retrospective clinical study was conducted encompassing 78 patients diagnosed with septic shock and admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine at our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022. The study collated the clinical data of these patients, focusing on macrocirculatory hemodynamic parameters and microcirculatory indices. The parameters of interest were recorded at 0, 6, 24, and 48 h post-admission, including heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure difference, superior vena cava oxygen saturation, lactic acid (LAC), CRT, PI, and mottling score. The enrolled patients were stratified into two cohorts based on the 28-day mortality rate: a survival group and a mortality group. A non-parametric statistical test was employed to compare the CRT, PI, and mottling score between the two groups. Furthermore, the predictive value of these microcirculatory indicators for mortality in septic shock patients was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. This methodology allowed for the evaluation of the prognostic accuracy of CRT, PI, and mottling score as indicators for mortality in the context of septic shock. Results: The vasoactive drug dose, PI, LAC, mottling score, and CRT upon admission in the survival group were significantly better than those in the mortality group at hour 6 of treatment, hour 24 of treatment, and hour 48 of treatment (P

Improving the reproductive ability and fertility of male ruminants is a central concern in animal husbandry. Phytogenic feed additives, known for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, are commonly used in animal feed. Icariin (ICA), the primary flavonoid glucoside derived from Epimedium, is a traditional tonic in Chinese herbal medicine. However, its potential to enhance the reproductive performance of male ruminants remains unclear. In this study, twelve healthy adult male dairy goats were divided into two groups. The goats received oral administration of ICA at doses of 0 (control) and 50 mg/kg body weight daily for a consecutive period of 80 days during the breeding season. The effects of ICA on the reproductive performance was analyzed by histological examinations, semen quality analysis, and ELISA experiments. ELISA results showed a progressive increase in serum levels of GnIH, LH, and testosterone with the prolonged ICA treatment (p

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a highly contagious viral disease that causes significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. PRRS virus (PRRSV) infection is a receptor-mediated endocytosis and replication process. The purpose of this study was to determine the localization and expression of four important PRRSV receptors in immunological organs of piglets. After piglets were infected with PRRSV, Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, immunofluorescence, and Western blot were used to perform histopathological examination and receptors distribution analysis. The results showed that PRRSV caused severe damage to the piglets’ immune organs, including atrophy of the thymus and swelling of lymph node. Histopathological lesions were mainly observed in the lung and lymph node and were characterized by interstitial pneumonia, collapsed follicles, exhaustion of germinal centers, and extensive hemorrhage. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot results showed that the receptors of CD163 and NMHCII-A were mainly distributed in the thymus, hilar lymph nodes, and mesenteric lymph nodes. However, Sn and vimentin receptors were expressed at low levels in the immune organs of piglets. The distribution of the four receptors in the immune organs was more concentrated in the cortex but was more scattered in the medulla. Compared to the control group, the relative expression of the four receptors increased significantly in most immune organs after viral infection. In conclusion, our study examined the distribution and expression of four PRRSV receptors in immunological organs. We observed a significant increase in the expression of Sn, CD163, and vimentin following viral infection. These findings may provide potential targets for future antiviral reagent design or vaccine development.

This study investigated the enhancing effects of soil treatment with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and oxalic acid (OA) on the remediation of Cr(VI) contaminated soil by Datura stramonium L. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted, where Cr(VI) contaminated soil was treated with 100 mg/kg Cr(VI) and varying concentrations of EDTA (5 and 10 mmol/kg) and OA (5 and 10 mmol/kg). The effects of these soil treatments on biomass, chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activities, and Cr(VI) enrichment and translocation efficiency of D. stramonium were evaluated. The results showed that added OA to soil significantly increased the biomass and chlorophyll content of D. stramonium. The addition of 10 mmol/kg of OA to soil increased the plant biomass by 67.16 % and chlorophyll b content by 40.01 %. In addition, OA soil treatment significantly enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 6.36 %, peroxidase (POD) by 163.13 %, catalase (CAT) by 36.92 %, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) by 32.12 %, which effectively alleviated the oxidative stress induced by Cr(VI). In contrast, soil treatment with a high concentration of EDTA (10 mmol/kg) significantly reduced plant biomass and chlorophyll content, although it increased the biological concentration factor (BCF) of the stem and leaf, as well as the translocation factor (TF). In conclusion, appropriate amounts of EDTA and OA added to soil can enhance the phytoremediation efficiency of D. stramonium grown in Cr(VI) contaminated soil, with OA added to soil being more effective than addition of EDTA. This study revealed the potential mechanisms of chelating agents EDTA and OA in enhancing the phytoremediation of Cr(VI) contaminated soil by D. stramonium, providing a scientific basis for further optimization of phytoremediation techniques.

Abstract Background We aimed to identify different Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) subtypes, demyelination, axonal degeneration, and reversible conduction failure (RCF) as early as possible by analyzing the initial clinical and electrophysiological examinations. Methods This study retrospectively collected GBS patients between October 2018 and December 2022 at Beijing Tiantan Hospital. The diagnostic criteria for the initial electrophysiological study were based on Rajabally's criteria, and the criteria for the serial electrophysiological study were based on Uncini's criteria. All subjects underwent clinical and electrophysiological evaluations at least twice within 8 weeks. Results A total of 47 eligible patients with GBS were included, comprising 19 acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), 18 axonal degenerations, and 10 RCFs. In the RCF group, 40%, 30%, and 30% patients were diagnosed as AIDP, axonal, and equivocal at the initial study, respectively. The AIDP group had significantly higher cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein than the RCF (123.8 [106.4, 215.1] mg/dL vs. 67.1 [36.8, 85.6] mg/dL, p = 0.002) and axonal degeneration (123.8 [106.4, 215.1] mg/dL vs. 60.8 [34.8, 113.0] mg/dL, p

Objetivo: Avaliar a dinâmica do metabolismo redox, ao longo do tempo, comparando eritrócitos falcêmicos e saudáveis, em um modelo de autoincubação celular prolongada; considerando o impacto sobre marcadores de hemólise e lesões oxidativas. Materiais e métodos: O estudo envolveu 12 brasileiros consentidos (19-42 anos), não aparentados e independente do sexo, dentre os quais, seis não apresentavam hemoglobinopatia (grupo controle - CG) e os demais possuíam anemia falciforme (grupo de estudo – AF). As amostras de sangue foram devidamente coletas e processadas, obtendo ao final, os eritrócitos lavados, os quais foram suspensos no seu próprio plasma na concentração celular de 40% (v/v) e submetidos a seis horas de incubação à 37°C, com dois períodos de análise (t0h e t6h). Ao final de cada período, a fragilidade osmótica, os níveis de hemoglobina livre [Hb livre (μM)] e atividade de enzimas antioxidantes, incluindo catalase [CAT (U/L)], glutationa peroxidase [GPx (U/mL)], glutationa redutase [GR (U/mL)], metahemoglobina redutase [metaHb-redutase (U/mL)] e tiorredoxina redutase [TrxR (U/mL)] foram avaliados por espectrofotometria. Ademais, a proporção de colesterol [Ch (nM)] para colesterol-aldeído [ChAld (uM)] foi analisada, como marcador de lesão oxidativa, utilizando HPLC-UV e HPLC-FD, respectivamente. Comparou-se os grupos celulares e os períodos de incubação isoladamente e em seguida a interação deles. Resultados: Na comparação entre os grupos, os eritrócitos falcêmicos apresentaram resistência osmótica na concentração de 5 g/L de NaCl, aumento de 33,8% nos níveis de Hb livre [AF:1,72 ± 0,30; p < 0,01], redução de 22,8% e 27,4% na atividade das enzimas CAT [AF:15,39 ± 4,02; p < 0,05] e GPx [AF: 2,91 ± 0,74; p < 0,01], respectivamente. Ademais, houve o aumento de 31,5% na atividade da metaHb-redutase [AF:3,75 ± 0,90; p < 0,01] e acúmulo de 22,5% de produtos oxidativos da membrana celular [AF: 2,45 ± 0,17; p < 0,01] nos eritrócitos falcêmicos. Entretanto, não houve interação significativa entre os grupos e o período de incubação, quanto as enzimas CAT (p = 0,93), GPx (p = 0,59), GR (p = 0,69), TrxR (p = 0,34), metaHb-redutase (p = 0,53), assim como nos níveis de Hb livre (p = 0,58) e na proporção ChAld/Ch (p = 0,12). Discussão: A estrutura e a bioquímica da hemoglobina S induzem um estado hiperoxidativo nos eritrócitos falcêmicos. Isso leva ao consumo de enzimas antioxidantes, danos oxidativos na membrana celular e aumento da hemólise, evidenciado na comparação entre os grupos CG e AF, desconsiderando o tempo. Entretanto, ao longo da incubação, houve um prejuízo semelhante das enzimas antioxidantes e um grau equivalente de lesão oxidativa nos grupos estudados, demonstrando que apesar das condições oxidativas distintas a que são submetidos, ambos os grupos eritrocíticos mantiveram uma dinâmica de metabolismo redox similar ao longo do tempo testado, fornecendo subsídio argumentativo para pesquisas futuras focadas na análise das características metabólicas dessas células durante a eritropoiese, a fim de averiguar a adaptabilidade celular nos precursores eritrocitários e possíveis alvos terapêuticos. Conclusão: A curiosa semelhança na dinâmica do metabolismo redox de eritrócitos falcêmicos e saudáveis sugere que os primeiros apresentam alta adaptabilidade celular em seus precursores, possibilitando respostas redox semelhantes aos saudáveis no período testado.

Objetivo: Instituir e avaliar o Protocolo de Anticoagulação para pacientes com Doença de Cushing submetidos à Cirurgia Transesfenoidal, realizado em conjunto às equipes de Endocrinologia e Hematologia da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, para redução de eventos tromboembólicos e mortalidade no pós-operatório. Metodologia: Estudo prospectivo, intervencionista, realizado durante o período de março de 2022 a janeiro de 2024, para avaliar as características pré-operatórias e os eventos de Tromboembolismo Venoso (TEV) ou hemorragias pós-operatórias da Cirurgia Transesfenoidal (CTE) em pacientes com Doença de Cushing (DC) em comparação aos portadores de Adenoma Hipofisário Não Funcionante (AHNF). Foram analisados diversos parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais antes da cirurgia, como dados antropométricos, antecedente trombótico e testes de hemostasia e trombofilia. No grupo de DC foi introduzida enoxaparina em dose profilática a partir de 12 horas após o término da cirurgia e aumentada para dose terapêutica em 48h de pós-operatório e na ausência de sangramentos. A anticoagulação foi transicionada para oral e mantida por 90 dias neste grupo No grupo AHNF, em 36h a 48h foi iniciada dose profilática. Durante todo o período de observação houve acompanhamento de eventos trombóticos ou hremorrágicos. Resultados: Foram analisados 26 pacientes com DC e 18 com AHNF, totalizando 44 pacientes. Destes, apenas 1 (3,8%) apresentou TEV. Este paciente, do grupo de DC e apresentava antecedente de trombose venosa prévia à cirurgia e já estava em uso de anticoagulação plena. Nenhum evento de trombose ocorreu no grupo AHNF. Não foi observado nenhum evento de hemorragia relevante em ambos os grupos. Não houve diferença estatística significante. Discussão: A Síndrome de Cushing (SC) está associada ao aumento da morbidade e mortalidade, principalmente, decorrentes de complicações cardiovasculares, além de tromboembolismo venoso. Em nosso serviço, observamos frequência expressiva de complicações tromboembólicas nos pacientes com adenoma hipofisário funcionantes relacionados ao período peri-operatório. Não há consenso na literatura sobre o melhor esquema de tromboprofilaxia, dados os riscos relacionados à complicação hemorrágica após procedimento invasivo em sistema nervoso central e à morbidade relacionada a complicação trombótica neste período. A aplicação de terapia anticoagulante de início precoce e doses terapêuticas mostrou resultados semelhantes tanto de eficácia quanto de segurança quando comparado ao do grupo portador de adenoma não funcionante, com menor risco trombótico.

Objetivos: Descrever a mortalidade no transplante alogênico de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (TACTH) de medula óssea (MO) por doador aparentado e não aparentado nos últimos 10 anos no Brasil. Materiais e métodos: Estudo ecológico, realizado em julho de 2024, utilizando dados públicos referentes às internações para TACTH de MO aparentado, comparando com o TACTH de MO não aparentado no Brasil. Os dados foram coletados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH/SUS), de 2014 a 2023. As variáveis selecionadas foram: internações e óbitos. O programa Microsoft Excel foi utilizado para tabulação dos dados. Resultados: Ao todo foram 4944 internações para TACTH com taxa de óbito de 7,3%, sendo 3546 por doador aparentado e 1398 por doador não aparentado com mortalidade de 6,9% e 8,1%, respectivamente. Quanto ao TACTH por doador aparentado, em 2014 foram 331 internações com taxa de 9,6 óbitos. Em 2015, constam 271 internações com taxa de óbito de 8,5. Em 2016 foram registradas 321 hospitalizações com 9,6 óbitos a cada 100 internações. Em 2017, foram 337 procedimentos com taxa de óbito de 7,4. Já em 2018, foram 374 internações com taxa de 6,4 óbitos. Em 2019 e em 2020, constam 365 e 350 internações, respectivamente, com taxa de óbito de 6,3. Em 2021, foram 375 hospitalizações com 6,1 óbitos a cada 100 internações. Em 2022, realizaram 410 procedimentos com taxa de óbito de 6,8. Em 2023, foram 412 internações com taxa de 3,6 óbitos. Quanto ao TACTH por doador não aparentado, em 2014 foram 132 internações com taxa de 15,1 óbitos. Em 2015, constam 140 internações com taxa de óbito de 11,4. Em 2016 foram registradas 167 hospitalizações com 7,1 óbitos a cada 100 internações. Em 2017, foram 181 procedimentos com taxa de óbito de 8,2. Já em 2018, foram 154 internações com taxa de 8,4 óbitos. Em 2019, foram 172 internações com taxa de óbito de 6.4. Em 2020, constam 104 internações com taxa de óbito de 4,8. Em 2021, foram 124 hospitalizações com 5,6 óbitos a cada 100 internações. Em 2022, realizaram 121 procedimentos com taxa de óbito de 8,2. Em 2023, foram 103 internações com taxa de 4,8 óbitos. Discussão: A análise comparativa da mortalidade no TACTH de MO no Brasil revela tendências e diferenças significativas na última década. Para doadores aparentados, a taxa de mortalidade apresentou tendência de redução gradual, diminuindo de 9,6% em 2014 para 3,6% em 2023, refletindo melhorias nas técnicas, na medicina de suporte e na gestão de complicações. As flutuações anuais podem ser atribuídas a variações na complexidade dos casos, modificações nas práticas clínicas e diferentes níveis de experiência e recursos disponíveis. Por outro lado, para doadores não aparentados, a taxa apresentou uma variação mais pronunciada e menos consistente, com queda significativa em 2020, seguida por uma recuperação em anos seguintes. A taxa de 8,1% para doadores não aparentados sugere que os desafios associados aos transplantes com estes contribuem para um risco mais elevado. Conclusão: O estudo revela que, apesar de uma taxa geral de mortalidade de 7,3% para TACTH houve uma tendência de redução, particularmente para procedimentos com doadores aparentados. Os transplantes com doadores não aparentados apresentaram mortalidade mais alta, embora também tenham mostrado sinais de redução nos anos mais recentes. As diferenças na destacam a importância de continuar a aprimorar as técnicas e estratégias para o manejo de transplantes a fim de reduzir a disparidade observada.

Abstract The potential of skyrmions as information carriers in spintronic devices has garnered significant attention. In this paper, the study investigates the current driven movement behavior of skyrmions in elliptical‐ring tracks (ERTs). The findings suggest that the curvature gradient of ERTs can either increase or decrease skyrmion velocity. The increase in velocity aids in transmitting skyrmions, while the decrease in velocity helps in intercepting them. Based on the transmission and interception of skyrmion controlled by the curvature gradient of the ERT, the study has designed diode, logic NOT, AND, and OR gates. The feasibility and robustness of these devices are demonstrated through micromagnetic simulations. The research provides valuable insights and recommendations for designing skyrmion‐based devices with curved geometries.

Identified as a critical risk factor for childhood asthma, environmental pollution plays a pivotal role. However, research on the effects and mechanisms of phthalates mixture and their interactions in relation to childhood asthma is still lacking. In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 2009 to 2018, our research explored the link between phthalates in urine and the prevalence of childhood asthma. In this study, which involved 810 participants, we used four different statistical analysis methods to investigate the association between urinary phthalate levels and childhood asthma. Additionally, we conducted a mediation analysis to explore whether the impact mechanism of phthalate exposure on childhood asthma operates through the glycolysis. Among the participants, 525 (64.81 %) individuals were diagnosed with asthma, with 330 (40.74 %) individuals undergoing testing for glycolytic markers. Through Spearman correlation analysis and weighted principal component analysis (W-PCA), it was found that mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate (MECPP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono-(2-ethyl)-hexyl phthalate (MEHP) and mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) are the four most highly correlated phthalates. In addition, comprehensive analysis by the weighted generalized linear models (W-GLM), weighted quantile sum (WQS) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models showed that phthalates mixture were positively associated with the prevalence of childhood asthma, especially MECPP, MEHHP and MEOHP. More importantly, glycolysis participated as a mediator in the relationship between MECPP, MEHHP and MEOHP exposure and the prevalence of childhood asthma, explaining 41.194 %, 38.322 % and 39.871 % of the effects respectively. Therefore, our study revealed that phthalate exposure is a risk factor for asthma in children, and glycolysis may be involved as a potential mediator in this process. This conclusion will be verified through more prospective studies in the future.

Background and purposeThe underlying basis of the blend sign on brain computed tomography (CT) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is unclear. Few studies have examined the morphological alterations in the CT blend sign in ICH. Therefore, we assessed changes in the CT blend sign and their association with hematoma expansion (HE) and adverse outcomes in ICH patients.MethodsWe recorded the clinical and radiographic parameters of patients with ICH and blend sign on brain CT. The patients were categorized into two groups, with changes in the relatively hypoattenuating region of the blend sign (CHB group) and with no changes in the relatively hypoattenuating region of the blend sign (NHB groups). We performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to examine the correlations between CHB and HE and poor outcomes. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to confirm the predictive power of CHB.ResultsIn total, 183 patients were included in the study, of whom 74 (40.4%) demonstrated changes in the hypoattenuating region of the blend sign, whereas 109 (59.6%) did not. Compared with the NHB group, patients in the CHB group exhibited significantly higher levels of HE and adverse outcomes. After adjustment for confounding factors, CHB was independently associated with HE (odds ratio, 19.401 [95% CI, 7.217–52.163]; p

Avermectin (AVM), a compound derived from the fermentation of Avermectin Streptomyces, has insecticidal, acaricidal, and nematicidal properties. Widely employed in agriculture, it serves as an effective and broad-spectrum insecticide for pest control. Although the toxicity of AVM at low doses may not be readily apparent, prolonged and extensive exposure can result in poisoning. To investigate the toxic effects of AVM on the body, this study established rat models of AVM poisoning with both low and high concentrations of the compound. Fifteen male rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups (n=5 per group): a control group, a low-concentration group, and a high-concentration group. The low-concentration group was administered an oral dose of 2 mg/kg AVM once daily for a duration of seven days, while the high-concentration group received an oral dose of 10 mg/kg AVM once daily for the same period. This study examined the impact of AVM on liver function and gut microbiota in rats using weight monitoring, liver function indicator detection, liver metabolomics sequencing, colon barrier function testing, and gut microbiota sequencing. The findings of this study demonstrated that exposure to 2 or 10 mg/kg AVM for seven days can lead to a notable decrease in rat weight, as well as induce liver dysfunction and metabolic disturbances. Additionally, AVM exposure can disrupt the composition of the intestinal microbiota and impair the integrity of the colon mucosal barrier, causing downregulation of Occludin expression and upregulation of inflammation-related protein expression levels such as IL-1β, Myd88, and TLR4. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis revealed a significant association between liver dysfunction and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. These findings have implications for the agricultural use of AVM and its potential contribution to environmental pollution. Consequently, individuals involved in AVM usage should prioritize safety precautions and monitor liver function.