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The current investigation focuses on developing multi-drug-loaded poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles clothed with leucocyte membrane. Firstly, Paclitaxel (PTX) and Cannabidiol (CBD) were encapsulated in PLGA vesicles which were further coated by a leucocytic membrane (LMc-PTX-CBD-NPs) for efficient targeting of the cancerous cells. Particle size of uncoated and coated nanoparticles was observed to be 149 and 171 nm with the zeta potential of −6 and −10.5 mv, respectively. Later, TEM analysis shows circular particle morphology along with uniform coating of membrane over prepared particles. The prepared formulation possesses prolonged release pattern as well as it shows no hemolytic toxicity. Cytotoxicity analysis in MCF-7 cells of LMc-PTX-CBD-NPs showed better potency than conventional formulation, thus more efficient in targeting cancerous cells. Additionally, greater inhibition of cell migration indicated an improved anti-metastatic effect. Additionally, higher proportion of nuclear fragmentation occurred due to which major changes in cell morphology were observed after treatment with LMc-PTX-CBD-NPs. Thus, prepared formulation could be an efficient approach for successful combination therapy with efficient targeting and reduced side effects to tackle breast cancer. [Display omitted] • We developed multi-drug-loaded PLGA nanoparticles clothed with leucocyte membrane. • Cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells of LMc-PTX-CBD-NPs showed better potency. • Our formulation can be a good option in cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Skin cancer is a global threat to the healthcare system and is estimated to incline tremendously in the next 20 years, if not diagnosed at an early stage. Even though it is curable at an early stage, novel drug identification, clinical success, and drug resistance is another major challenge. To bridge the gap and bring effective treatment, it is important to understand the etiology of skin carcinoma, the mechanism of cell proliferation, factors affecting cell growth, and the mechanism of drug resistance. The current article focusses on understanding the structural diversity of skin cancers, treatments available till date including phytocompounds, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photothermal therapy, surgery, combination therapy, molecular targets associated with cancer growth and metastasis, and special emphasis on nanotechnology-based approaches for downregulating the deleterious disease. A detailed analysis with respect to types of nanoparticles and their scope in overcoming multidrug resistance as well as associated clinical trials has been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

B-cell receptor (BCR) activation is a pivotal step in the progression of B-cell cancer. BCR signaling requires Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). Ibrutinib (PCI-32765) is a small medication that covalently and permanently inhibits BTK. BTK's defining properties are its high potency and selectivity. The FDA and EMA have authorized ibrutinib for the second-line therapy for Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) individuals who have had a minimum of one previous anti-CD20 (cluster of differentiate 20) based drug. It has been authorized by the FDA and the EMA for the management of Wald Enstrom's Patients with macroglobulinemia who have already had therapy or are unsuitable for immunochemotherapy. Ibrutinib nano formulations include nanoparticles composed of chitosan (CS) and sulfobutylether (SBE) ether-b-cyclodextrin that have been packed with the medication ibrutinib. Because of the inclusion of cyclodextrin, Nanoparticles have a high loading efficiency for the hydrophobic drug. Other nano versions of ibrutinib are also available, which improves Ibrutinib bioavailability. In addition, we combined clinical outcomes and side effects induced by ibrutinib in patients from several clinical and preclinical trials in one study. [Display omitted] • In B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) plays key role. • Ibrutinib (PCI-32765) is a tiny drug that inhibits BTK covalently and irreversibly. • Great potency and great selectivity for BTK is its distinguishing features. • Various nanoformulations, pre-clinical & clinical findings have also been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The CAD (Computer-aided design) and CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) have most applications in the manufacturing of fully automated, personalized dental devices and tailor-made treatment plans. 3D printing is one of the most rapidly expanding and new methods of manufacturing different things because of its on-demand and high productivity within the cost-effective manner which have a variety of applications in healthcare, pharmaceuticals, orthopaedics, engineered tissue models, medical devices, defence industries, automotive and aerospace sectors. Due to its emerging applications in the various sectors, the healthcare, Industries, and academic sectors are attracted towards the 3D printed materials. This review talks about the dental implants, polymers that are employed in concocting dental implants, critical parameters, and challenges which are to be considered while preparing these implants, advantages of 3D printing in the field of dentistry and the current trends. it discusses the variety of applications of 3D printed materials in the field of dentistry. Along with their method of fabrication, their critical process parameters (CPPs) are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Targeted drug delivery has emerged as a pivotal approach within precision medicine, aiming to optimize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects. Advanced biomimetic membrane-coated formulations have garnered significant interest from researchers as a promising strategy for targeted drug delivery, site-specific accumulation and heightened therapeutic outcomes. Biomimetic nanotechnology is able to retain the biological properties of the parent cell thus are able to exhibit superior targeting compared to conventional formulations. In this review, we have described different types of cell membrane camouflaged NPs. Mechanism of isolation and coating of the membranes along with the applications of each type of membrane and their mechanism to reach the desired site. Furthermore, a fusion of different membranes in order to prepare hybrid membrane biomimetic NPs which could possess better efficacy is discussed in detail in the review. Later, applications of the hybrid membrane-cloaked NPs along with current development were discussed in detail along with the challenges associated with it. Although membrane-cloaked NPs are currently in the preliminary stage of development, there is a huge potential to explore this biodegradable and biocompatible delivery system. [Display omitted] • Targeted drug delivery has emerged as a pivotal approach within precision medicine. • Advanced biomimetic membrane coated formulations have garnered weighty interest. • Here, we described different types of cell membrane camouflaged nanoparticles. • Applications of the hybrid membrane cloaked nanoparticles also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Skin cancer (SC) represents a prevalent malignancy worldwide, characterized by its high drug resistance and limited therapeutic efficacy with conventional treatments. Nanoparticles have emerged as promising vehicles for targeted drug delivery, aiming to overcome these challenges and enhance treatment outcomes. The solid lipid nanocarriers (SLNs) provide improved drug absorption, encapsulation, and controlled release. These SLNs can be customized to meet unique needs, allowing for enhanced targeting, distribution to specific sites, and profiles of sustained release. This study was focused on the development and optimization of methotrexate loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (MTX-SLNs) for improving the drug delivery to the skin cancer therapy. The optimized MTX-SLNs exhibited a particle size of 203 nm, a zeta potential of −8.93 mV, entrapment efficiency of 87%, and drug loading of 62.92%. Subsequently, the optimized MTX-SLNs was incorporated into a gel system containing 1% Carbopol 934, which was further underwent comprehensive characterization, encompassing analysis of rheological properties, texture profile analysis, extrudability and spreadability, as well as uniformity of content. Notably, the dermatokinetic and confocal microscopy evaluations revealed excellent uptake and deposition of MTX-SLNs within the epidermal and dermal layers of the skin. These observations were complemented by the computation of the area under the curve (AUC 0–8hr), which demonstrated values of 245.035 and 702.59 for the epidermal and dermal layers, respectively. These findings underscore the tremendous potential of our MTX-SLNs gel formulation as a promising candidate for skin cancer treatment compared to the conventional topical gel therapies, exhibiting superior topical pharmacokinetics, nanometric size, high drug loading capacity, and enhanced efficacy. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Targeted drug delivery has emerged as a pivotal approach within precision medicine, aiming to optimize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects. Leukocyte membrane coated nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted a lot of interest as an effective approach for delivering targeted drugs, capitalizing on the natural attributes of leukocytes to achieve site-specific accumulation, and heightened therapeutic outcomes. An overview of the present state of the targeted medication delivery research is given in this review. Notably, Leukocyte membrane-coated NPs offer inherent advantages such as immune evasion, extended circulation half-life, and precise homing to inflamed or diseased tissues through specific interactions with adhesion molecules. leukocyte membrane-coated NPs hold significant promise in advancing targeted drug delivery for precision medicine. As research progresses, they are anticipated to contribute to improved therapeutic outcomes, enabling personalized and effective treatments for a wide range of diseases and conditions. The review covers the method of preparation, characterization, and biological applications of leucocytic membrane coated NPs. Further, patents related factors, gap of translation from laboratory to clinic, and future prospective were discussed in detail. Overall, the review covers extensive literature to establish leucocytic membrane NPs for targeted drug delivery. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] With growing interest, in the industry of carbon nanomaterials, carbon nanodots (CNDs) have massively been explored. It is a potential approach for immense areas of biomedical usage including therapy, imaging, and drug delivery, where CNDs may act as contrast agents, to assess biodistribution and biocompatibility before clinical setting. CNDs offer several advantages over other carbon nanomaterials including better biocompatibility, less toxicity, environment-friendly and many others, also photophysical and chemical properties of CNDs could be altered including their size and shape making them more desirable, furnishing with enhanced biocompatibility and targeting potency for the improvisation of selectivity and sensitivity which may lead to expansion of applications. Besides, carbon nanomaterials could be designed to approach therapeutics innovations and to help or target drugs effectively. This paper addresses carbon nanodots along with its types, properties, different methods of preparation, and treatment of diseases. This review has also highlighted the cutting-edge progress of CNDs in drug delivery as well as its emerging applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]