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Objectives Studies have established a relationship between proinflammatory factors and implantation failure in IVF/ICSI cycles. Likewise, low-grade chronic inflammation is generally blamed for predisposing infertility. In the present study, we aimed to find a relationship between serum IL-6 and hs-CRP levels and IVF/ICSI cycle outcomes. Methods A total of 129 patients who consented to participate and attended the IVF unit of our department for the treatment of infertility have been enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Serum levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein and interleukin 6 have been detected at the beginning of the IVF/ICSI ovulation induction cycle. Cycle outcomes have been compared between patients with and without clinical pregnancy achievement following ART treatments. IVF/ICSI cycle outcomes of these two groups were also comparable except the number of >14 mm follicles, retrieved oocytes, metaphase II oocytes, and fertilized oocytes (2 pronuclei) which were in favor of the clinical pregnancy group. Results Mean serum hs-CRP levels were 3.08 mg/L (0.12–35.04) and 2.28 mg/L (0.09–22.52) patients with and without clinical pregnancy respectively. Mean serum IL-6 levels were 2 pg/mL (1–10.2) and 2 pg/mL (1–76.9) patients with and without clinical pregnancy respectively. Both tests were found to be statistically insignificant in predicting the success of the ART cycle in terms of implantation, clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and live birth. Conclusions In the present study, we have not found any significant effect of hs-CRP and IL-6 levels in the IVF cycle. However, in the light of this and previous studies, large-scale research may prove the exact influence of these markers on IVF success.

SummaryTo determine the fertilization and embryonic potential of immature metaphase I (MI) oocytes in patients with low oocyte maturity rate in whom the percentage of mature oocytes obtained was less than 75% of the total retrieved ones. In vivo matured metaphase II (MII) oocytes (MII-ICSI, n = 244), and in vitro matured MI oocytes (MI-MII-ICSI, n = 202) underwent an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure. Maturation rate, fertilization rate and early embryonic development were compared in both groups. In total, 683 oocytes were collected from 117 ICSI cycles of 117 patients. Among them, 244 (35.7%) were mature MII and 259 (37.9%) were MI after the denudation process. Of those 259 MI oocytes, 202 (77.9%) progressed to MII oocytes after an incubation period of 18–24 h. The maturation rate was 77.9%. Fertilization rate was found to be significantly higher in the rescued in vitro matured MI oocyte group when compared with the in vivo matured MII oocyte group (41.6% vs 25.8%; P = 0.0006). However, no significant difference was observed in terms of cleavage rates on days 2 and 3 between the groups (P = 0.9126 and P = 0.5031, respectively). There may be unidentified in vivo factors on the oocyte maturation causing low developmental capacity in spite of high fertilization rates in the group of patients with low oocyte maturity rate. Furthermore, studies are needed to determine the appropriate culture characteristics as well as culture period and ICSI timing of these oocytes.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the number of oocytes retrieved and rate of mature oocytes on IVF outcomes in single fresh embryo transfer. Materials and Medhods: Two main groups were formed regarding number of oocytes retrieved and mature oocyte rate. According to the number of oocytes retrieved in 561 IVF cycles, 0-5 (n=175) oocytes were determined as group 1, 6-10 (n=214) oocytes as group 2, 11-15 (n=121) oocytes as group 3 and 16 or more oocytes as group 4 (n=51). Regarding mature oocyte (metaphase II, MII oocyte) rate, three groups were formed: group 1A (n=338) 76-100% mature oocytes, group 2A (n=150) 75-50% mature oocytes, and group 3A (n=73) less than 50% mature oocytes. Results: The number of oocytes retrieved was negatively correlated fertilization rate, whereas Β-hCG positivity and clinical pregnancy rates were observed to be better in the 6-10 oocytes group. The mean age, basal LH, and ovulation trigger day E2 levels, and fertilization rate were differed significantly between three groups of mature oocyte rate. Conclusion: In conclusion, MII oocyte rates in the cohort, regardless of the number of oocytes retrieved, did not affect IVF outcomes.

Objective: The association between recurrent implantation failure and thrombophilia is still controversial depending on the published reports with conflicting results. In this study, we aimed to assess the clinical relevance of screening women with recurrent implantation failure for some thrombophilic variants including factor V H1299R (FV HR2) haplotype. Study Design: A total of 279 women were recruited in this case-control study. 229 women with a history of recurrent implantation failure and 50 fertile control with no history of pregnancy losses were screened for eight specific gene mutations, regarding factor V G1691A gene (FV Leiden), FV HR2, factor II prothrombin G20210A, factor XIII V34L, PAI-1 4G/5G, MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C and A3 haplotype of the endothelial cell protein C receptor gene. Results: Recurrent implantation failure group displayed a significantly higher prevalence of FV HR2 heterozygosity than fertile controls while the frequency of FV Leiden mutation was comparable between groups (p=0.011; p=0.619). Additionally, the difference in the prevalence of other specific or total gene mutations among women with recurrent implantation failure was also insignificant. Discussion: The primer outcome of this study was the co-existence of the higher prevalence of FV HR2 haplotype and the insignificant percentage of FV Leiden mutation in women with recurrent implantation failure. Thus, we emphasize that the HR2 haplotype may be associated with recurrent implantation failure particularly in non-carriers for FV Leiden mutation. In the necessity of screening for thrombophilia in recurrent implantation failure, HR2 haplotype should be involved in the searched gene panel particularly in the absence of FV Leiden mutation. Further large-scale prospective studies are needed to investigate whether screening or treatment for HR2 haplotype has any detrimental impact on implantation success in cases of recurrent implantation failure.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of fresh onion juice on female infertility. Background: Onion contains several antioxidants and has been used for the subfertile woman to achieve pregnancy by herbalists. Objective: This study was carried out to investigate the effects of fresh onion juice on ovarian folliculogenesis and implantation in rats. Methods: Female albino rats were divided into two groups: 5-day (one estrus cycle) and 10-day treatment (two estrus cycles) groups. The animals in the two groups were then divided into subgroups of the control group, 1 cc onion juice and 2 cc onion juice, each containing seven rats. At the end of the 5th and 10th days, ovarian volume and weight were measured, and the primordial, antral, and atretic follicles, and corpus lutea were counted. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were evaluated both in the ovaries and in the endometrium immunohistochemically. Results: In the 5-day treatment group, ovarian weight and the antral follicle count were significantly higher in the 2 cc onion juice subgroup than the control group (p Conclusion: The results of our study showed that fresh onion juice could increase the number of antral follicles, which is an indicator of enhanced folliculogenesis.

Azalmış over rezervi, in vitro fertilizasyon (IVF) tedavisi endikasyonlarından biridir. Bazal FSH seviyelerinin yüksek olması, düşük AMH düzeyi ve antral folikül sayısında azalma tüp bebek başarısını etkileyen olumsuz prognostik faktörler olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Biz bu çalışmada; 33 yaşında FSH değeri 42 IU/L olan ve düşük AMH değerine sahip, azalmış over rezervi nedeniyle IVF tedavisi uygulanan ve ilk siklusta gebe kalan ve gebeliği devam eden olguyu sunmayı amaçladık.

Fetuin-A is a hepatokine which is previously found related to fertility and pregnancy outcomes. We aimed to investigate if recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is associated with increased fetuin-A levels.Serum fetuin-A concentrations were measured and compared in 30 non-pregnant women with a history of unexplained recurrent miscarriage, 29 women who had a history of unexplained recurrent miscarriage and were admitted to our clinic due to miscarriage during the study period and 30 fertile women who have no history of miscarriage or any other pregnancy complications with at least two previous healthy children.The median serum fetuin-A levels of group I, II, and III were 59.45, 62.73, and 44.52, respectively (The etiology of RPL is still a subject that is not clarified. Fetuin-A levels may have a relationship with RPL.

The Novel Coronavirus disease or COVID 19 started in Wuhan city of China in December 2019 and spread to many countries in a very short period of time. The supply of modern contraceptives was severely affected due to lockdown of various low-and middle-income countries, their manufacture has also come to a standstill because of closure of many pharmaceutical companies. COVID-19 pandemic has not changed the indications and the contraindications for the use of the different hormonal contraceptive methods. The sexual and reproductive health care services are very important for any community even in case of pandemic. Contraception should be seen as an essential component of healthcare and contraceptive counseling should continue to be given during the pandemic. Progestin only pills can be an option in cases where it is not possible to provide an appropriate contraceptive counseling., Yeni Koronavirüs hastalığı veya COVID 19, Aralık 2019'da Çin'in Wuhan kentinde başladı ve çok kısa sürede birçok ülkeye yayılmıştır. Modern kontraseptiflerin tedariki, çeşitli düşük ve orta gelirli ülkelerdeki kısıtlamalar nedeniyle ciddi şekilde etkilenmiş olup, birçok ilaç şirketinin kapanması nedeniyle üretimleri de durma noktasına gelmiştir. COVID-19 salgını, farklı hormonal kontraseptif yöntemlerin kullanımına yönelik endikasyonları ve kontrendikasyonları değiştirmemiştir. Cinsel sağlık ve üreme sağlığı hizmetleri, pandemi durumunda bile her toplum için çok önemlidir. Doğum kontrolü, sağlık hizmetlerinin önemli bir bileşeni olarak görülmeli ve pandemi sırasında da aile planlaması danışmanlığı verilmeye devam edilmelidir. Uygun bir kontraseptif danışmanlığın sağlanmasının mümkün olmadığı durumlarda sadece progestin içeren haplar bir seçenek olabilir.

Recurrent implantation failure is defined as the absence of implantation, after two or three consecutive cycles of in-vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection or frozen embryo replacement. Human fetuin-A/alpha2-Heremans-Schmid-glycoprotein is a plasma protein secreted by the liver that modulates insulin action in adipocytes. Increased fetuin-A promotes adipocyte dysfunction which results in decreased adiponectin and increased fatty acids and inflammatory cytokines. Fatty acids and inflammatory cytokines were previously reported in implantation failure. Also, fetuin-A inhibits receptor tyrosine kinase activity in trophoblast growth factors which decrease trophoblast viability and invasion. In this study, we aimed to find the association between fetuin-A and implantation failure.A total of 78 women were included in this case-control study. Serum fetuin-A concentrations were measured in 42 women with recurrent IVF failure and 36 healthy women with regular cycles.The mean serum fetuin-A levels of implantation failure and control women were 257.77 ± 32.18 and 219.59 ± 48.86 respectively with a p-value0.001 (independent samples t-test). Our results showed a statistically significant difference between serum fetuin-A levels of implantation failure women and controls.So far reasons for implantation failure are only partially understood. The current study reveals the association between implantation failure and fetuin-A. Further studies with large population sizes are needed to investigate whether fetuin-A can be used as a marker before controlled ovarian stimulation began or regulation of fetuin-A levels with treatment or lifestyle interventions can improve implantation success.

Objective: This aim of this study is to assess the ovulation induction cycles based on clomiphene citrate and gonadotropin administration and specify the factors associated with successful outcomes. Study Design: This is a prospective study of 631 patients who underwent 917 ovulation induction cycles. While clomiphene citrate was used in 680 cycles (74.2%) and recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone was administered in 237 cycles (25.8%). Results: A total of 153 pregnancies were achieved in 917 ovulation induction cycles, indicating a clinical pregnancy rate of 16.7%. The ovulation induction cycles which ended up with clinical pregnancy had a significantly lower frequency of smoking (p=0.005), shorter infertility duration (p=0.001), higher basal luteinizing hormone (p=0.021) and lower basal progesterone (p=0.008) than unsuccessful cycles. The clomiphene citrate cycles which ended up with clinical pregnancy had a significantly lower frequency of smoking (p=0.011), shorter infertility duration (p=0.001) and lower basal progesterone (p=0.013) than the unsuccessful cycles. The recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone cycles which ended up with clinical pregnancy had a significantly higher basal luteinizing hormone (p=0.008) than the unsuccessful cycles. Basal luteinizing hormone and progesterone concentrations could significantly distinguish the patients who were able to conceive in ovulation induction cycles (p=0.021 and p=0.008, respectively).Conclusions: Smoking, longer duration of infertility, and elevated basal progesterone are poor prognostic factors for clinical pregnancy in clomiphene citrate and recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone cycles.

COVID-19 infection, which was first detected in Wuhan region of China, spread rapidly in a short time, caused a very serious epidemic and was declared as a pandemic This manuscript has been prepared as a recommendation for centers planning to restart assisted reproductive technology treatments to protect both patients and health personnel To carry out the treatment, surgery and in vitro fertilization for patients who are infertile and are willing to have a child should not be victims of time loss during the COVID-19 pandemic Patients before or after infertility treatment are evaluated by healthcare personnel using personal protective equipment in the triage section for the symptoms and risk factors defined in the COVID-19 Infection Guideline of the Ministry of Health Body fluids (blood, follicular fluid, semen, etc ) of the patients should be considered as potentially infectious Samples from patients infected with COVID-19 are recommended to be used in the same way as tissues from patients who are seropositive for other infectious diseases (HIV, Hepatitis) Infertility treatment and IVF procedures should be evaluated multidisciplinary and managed according to the COVID-19 guidelines in patients with infertility especially in poor ovarian reserve, severe male factor infertility, advanced age and also urgent fertility preservation condition

This study was designed to investigate serum telomerase levels of occult primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) and the relationship between in vitro fertilisation (IVF) results of these patients and serum telomerase levels. A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted between May and October 2017 including 78 patients at University of Health Science, Turkey. Occult POI was defined as women with a history of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) elevation between 12 and 25 IU/L and low ovarian reserve before initiation of IVF (n = 39). The control group were patients attending the hospital for contraception, with no history of infertility, having at least one healthy child (n = 39). Telomerase levels in serum samples were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. There was no statistically significant difference in serum telomerase levels in occult POI patients when compared with the control group.Impact statementWhat is already known on this subject? Clinical studies investigating the role of telomerase on reproductive function and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) outcomes in occult primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) patients are limited with no clear consensus and in all these studies polymerase chain reaction technique was used to evaluate telomere length. Regarding our knowledge, this is the first study in the literature investigating the role of serum telomerase levels in occult POI patients.What do the results of this study add? In contrast to the previous studies, in this study no statistically significant difference was found in serum telomerase levels in occult POI patients when compared with the fertile control patients.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The occult POI patients examined in this study are overlooked until they apply with infertility. Serum telomerase measurement is not useful to support the diagnosis of occult POI. Nevertheless, in order to confirm these findings, further studies in larger populations are needed.

Objectives Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) could influence the levels of sex hormones and thyroid hormones. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GnRHa on thyroid function. Materials and methods The data of the patients were collected from the registrations of July 2014–October 2014. A total of 41 women who underwent one-time IVF cyclus were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. The patients were categorized into two groups according to the serum T3, T4, and TSH levels before and 2 weeks’ after the administration of GnRHa. Results Mean basal TSH and mean TSH levels on hCG day were 1.98 ± 0.77 and 1.75 ± 0.70, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p 3 and T4 levels. Conclusions In conclusion, our results demonstrate that GnRHa led to a decrease on serum TSH level. Serum-free T3 and T4 levels were remained unchanged and this might be due to early measurement of the hormone levels (just 2 weeks later from GnRHa administration).

Observations from studies have provided evidence that Placenta-specific protein1 (PLAC1) is important for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy and suggest it as a potential biomarker for ...

We sought to investigate the value of progranulin (PGRN) in predicting the response of the ovary to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) during in vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycles. Eighty eight women were recruited to one of three groups: poor-responders (group I), hyper-responders (group II), and normo-responders (group III). Data recorded for each woman included demographics, cycle characteristics, laboratory biomarkers, and IVF outcomes. Baseline PGRN levels were measured in venous sera. The distribution of the patients among the groups was as follows: 26 patients comprised group I, 35 patients group II, and 27 patients group III. The groups were matched in terms of body mass index. The overall clinical pregnancy rate was 38.6%. There was no significant difference between the groups in pregnancy rates. A PGRN level less than or equal to 3.2 ng/mL was associated with poor ovarian response independent of ovarian reserve markers. It is concluded that PGRN and other ovarian reserve markers are unable to predict pregnancy. However, poor ovarian response to COH could be predicted from basal serum PGRN concentration.

Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is a promising technique in infertility management while the influence of the ART technique or the subfertility itself on pregnancy related outcomes following ART is still controversial. ART pregnancies are more likely to be associated with adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes compared to spontaneously conceived pregnancies, mainly dependent on the higher rate of multiple gestations. Hence, single embryo transfer (SET) strategy and close follow-up during antenatal period should be the main attempts in order to reduce estimated perinatal risks in women undergoing ART., Tedavi gebeliklerinin spontan gebeliklere göre daha olumsuz obstetrik ve perinatal sonuçlara yol açabildiği bilinmektedir. Ancak bu durumun primer olarak subfertilite ya da üremeye yardımcı tedavi (ÜYTE/ART) teknikleri ile ilişkili olduğu konusu tartışmalıdır. ÜYTE/ART gebeliklerinde perinatal olumsuz sonuçların daha çok çoğul gebelikler ve çoğul gebeliğe bağlı komorbiditeler üzerinde yoğunlaştığı göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, tek embryo transferi (SET) stratejisine uyulması ve ÜYTE/ART gebeliklerinin yakın antenatal takibe alınması perinatal sonuçlarda nispeten bir iyilik hali oluşturacaktır.

Objective To investigate the predictive role of inflammatory hematological markers on treatment success in in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients. Methods In this study, we analyzed the data from the patients who admitted to our IVF center, and we recorded demographic characteristics, medical histories, laboratory biomarkers, cycle characteristics, and IVF outcomes from the patients' files. We assessed the value of white blood cell (WBC) counts, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet/lymphocyte (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) of the patients from their complete blood count. We compared these values in terms of predicting positive HCG test after embryo transfer (ET). Results There were 132 patients, of which 63 (47.7%) were treated for male factor, 43 (32.6%) for unexplained infertility, 19 (14.4%) for diminished ovarian reserve, 5 (3.8%) for endometriosis and 2 (1.5%) for hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. After ovarian stimulation and oocyte retrieval, 115 patients underwent embryo transfer, and 28 patients had a positive HCG test (24.3%). The positive HCG group had a statistically lower PLR when compared to the HCG (-) group (p=0.02). In the ROC analysis, PLR was significant in predicting positive HCG (p=0.028). However, when we added other factors to the model, only age and MII oocyte count were successful in predicting pregnancy outcomes in a logistic regression analysis. Conclusion According our results, inflammatory hematological markers were not effective in predicting IVF success.

Amaç: GnRH-a uzun protokol ve GnRH-anta protokol ICSI-ET sikluslarında rutin Luteal Faz Desteği ((LFD)’ne GnRH-a eklenmesinin gebelik oranlarına ve sonuçlarına etkisini araştırmakGereçler ve Yöntem: Bu prospektif randomize çalışmaya ICSI-ET ile tedavi edilen yüz sekiz infertil çift dahil edildi. Hastalar iki farklı ovulasyon indüksiyon protokolüne tabi tutulmak için rastgele olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Grup I'e GnRH-a uzun protokolü ve grup II'ye GnRH-anta protokolü uygulandı. İki protokol ile tedavi edilecek kadınlar da iki alt gruptan birine rastgele olarak ayrıldı. Ib ve IIb alt gruplarına, rutin LFD'ye [90 mg / gün vajinal progesteron artı 4 mg 17β Estradiol] ek olarak ET'den sonra 5. ve 10. günlerde löprolid asetat (0.5 mg s.c.) enjeksiyonları uygulandı. Diğer iki alt gruba (grup la ve IIa) ise sadece rutin LPD verildi.Bulgular: Toplanan toplam oosit ve MII oosit sayısı, grup Ia'da grup Ib'den anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. Grup I ve II'de alt gruplar arasında klinik gebelik, yumurtalık hiperstimülasyon sendromu (OHSS), çoğul gebelik, kürtaj, devam eden gebelik ve canlı doğum oranları açısından fark yoktu.Sonuç: GnRH-a uzun protokol ve GnRH-anta protokol ICSI-ET sikluslarında GnRH-a'nın rutin LPD'ye eklenmesinin devam eden gebelik, kürtaj, çoğul gebelik, OHSS, klinik gebelik ve canlı doğum oranları üzerinde hiçbir etkisi olmadığı görülmektedir., Aim: To investigate the effect of gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) addition to luteal phase support (LPS) in intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (ICSI-ET) cycles of GnRH-a long protocol and GnRH antagonist (GnRH-anta) protocol, on pregnancy rates and outcomes.Materials and Method: One hundred and eight infertile couples treated with ICSI-ET were included in this prospective randomized study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups to undergo two different ovarian stimulation protocols. GnRH-a iong protocol was applied to group I and GnRH-anta protocol was applied to group II. Women to be treated by each of the two protocols were also randomly assigned to one of the two subgroups. Subgroups Ib and IIb received leuprolide acetate (0.5 mg s.c.) injections on the 5th and 10th days after ET in addition to routine LPS [90 mg/day of vaginal progesterone plus 4 mg of 17β Estradiol]. Only routine LPS was given to other two subgroups (groups la and IIa).Results: The total number of retrieved oocytes and MII oocytes were significantly higher in group Ia than in group Ib. There were no differences between subgroups in groups I and II regarding clinical pregnancy, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), multiple pregnancy, abortion, ongoing pregnancy and live birth rates. Conclusion: Addition of GnRH-a to routine LPS in ICSI-ET cycles of GnRH-a long protocol and GnRH-anta protocol seems to have no effect on ongoing pregnancy, abortion, multiple pregnancy, OHSS, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates.

Objective To evaluate clinical pregnancy rates, miscarriage rates, ongoing pregnancy rates, and in vitro fertilization-intra cytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) administration compared with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) application for luteal phase support. Materials and Methods A total of 456 patients were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to luteal phase support type: in group 1 (n=158), single-dose triptorelin acetate 0.1 mg was given on the sixth day after the oocyte pick-up (OPU). In group 2 (n=298), hCG 1500 IU was given on day 4, 7 and 10 after the OPU. Results Both groups were homogeneous in relation with age and antral follicle count. The number of stimulation days and endometrial thickness on hCG day (mm) were found to be significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 (p

Background: Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a well known and extensively used antioxidant in traditional remedies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of ginger powder on ovarian folliculogenesis and implantation in rats. Methods: There were two study groups. In the 5-day treatment group (one estrous cycle), 100 mg ginger powder, 200 mg ginger powder or distilled water was given for 5 days to the three subgroups each containing seven rats. In the 10-day treatment group, same doses were given for 10 days (two estrous cycle) to the three subgroups each containing seven rats. At the end of the 5th and 10th days, ovarian volumes, ovarian weights, primordial follicles, antral follicles, atretic follicles, and corpus luteum counts were assessed. To evaluate the angiogenic effects of ginger, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and for the antioxidant effects of ginger endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were examined in the ovaries and in the endometrium immunohistochemically. Results: In the 5-day treatment group, antral follicle count and ovarian stromal VEGF were significantly high in the 100 mg ginger subgroup in comparison to the control group (p

Objective The aim of this study was to compare fertilisation, pregnancy rates and perinatal outcomes in patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) due to oligozoospermia. Methods A total of 166 patients with oligozoospermia who underwent an ICSI procedure were included in the study. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the sperm retrieval technique used: group 1, ejaculated semen ( n = 111); group 2, surgical sperm retrieval ( n = 55). Results Although the clinical pregnancy rate was lower in group 2, the difference was not statistically significant (36.4% vs. 42.3%, p = 0.460). The difference between fertilisation and take-home baby rates of the groups were not significantly different, either ( p = 0.486, p = 0.419, consecutively). Conclusion Two different sperm retrieval techniques used for ICSI had no statistically significant difference on intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes in oligozoospermic patients.

Objective To evaluate the effect of a pre-procedural information video on anxiety levels in patients undergoing hysterosalpingography (HSG). Material and methods Among a total of 131 primary or secondary infertile patients, 66 were shown an information video and 67 control patients received standard care between August 2014 and January 2016. The video included information on the procedure, personnel, and the room for the procedure; the video was shown on the morning of the procedure. Patients were randomized using the complete randomization technique through which patients were included in the study and control groups week by week, randomly. The Beck Anxiety Inventory scale was conducted to the patients one hour before the procedure. Results There were no differences in demographic data. The history of previous gynecologic operations was higher in the control group. The Beck Anxiety score was significantly lower in the study group compared with the control group (6 vs 10). Conclusion Our findings suggest that as an easy intervention to implement, a pre-procedural video education may be a beneficial tool for the management of HSG-related anxiety.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the cost-effectiveness of antagonist administration on stimulation on days 300 pg/mL. Results: There were no differences between antagonist administration on days

Sirtuin 1 has an important role in cellular processes, including apoptosis and cellular stress. The purpose of this study was to assess serum sirtuin 1 levels in women with recurrent implantation failure (RIF). In this cross-sectional study, we included 28 women with RIF, 29 healthy women who had conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF), and 30 women with a 1-cycle failure of IVF as controls. Human serum nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1/SIRT2L1) levels were detected using a commercial colorimetric kit. Recurrent implantation failure patients have higher sirtuin 1 levels than non-pregnant women and healthy pregnant women, but this difference did not reach statistical significance due to the low number of patients in our study. These higher sirtuin 1 levels may result from the inflammation imbalance of RIF patients. The only statistically significant correlation found was between age and sirtuin (r = 0.277, p = 0.009). Resumo A sirtuína 1 tem importante função nos processos celulares, incluindo a apoptose e o estresse celular. O objetivo deste estudo é o de avaliar níveis de sirtuína 1 em mulheres com falhas recorrentes de implantação (FRI). Neste estudo cruzado, incluímos 28 mulheres com FRI, 29 mulheres saudáveis que deram à luz por fertilização in vitro (FIV) bem-sucedida, e 30 mulheres com 1 ciclo de FIV malsucedido como controle. Os níveis de sirtuína 1 em soro humano de desacetilase dependente de dinucleotídeo de nicotinamida adenina (DNA) (SIRT1/SIRT2L1) foram detectados usando um kit colorimétrico comercial. Pacientes com FRI tiveram níveis de sirtuína 1 superiores às pacientes grávidas e aos controles, mas esta diferença não atingiu significância estatística devido ao baixo número de pacientes envolvidos. Estes níveis mais altos de sirtuína 1 podem ser resultado da inflamação desigual em pacientes com FRI. A única correlação estatisticamente significante encontrada foi entre idade e sirtuína (r = 0,277, p = 0,009).

To evaluate the effect of solely intrauterine insemination on perinatal outcomes.A total of 3830 OI/IUI cycles between January 2007 and December 2012 were included in the study. Three hundred and fifty-eight pregnancies following intrauterine insemination were encountered during the study period. Data from 246 pregnancies conceived through OI/IUI treatment were available. A total of 438 singletons with no maternal risk constituted the control group. The two groups were compared according to perinatal outcomes.There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in first trimester abortion and intrauterine demise. At least one or more perinatal adverse outcomes occurred in study and control groups with the rates of 38.4% and 18.5%, respectively. There were significant differences in preterm delivery rate and oligohydramnios between the groups. There were also significant differences in the rate of neonates with a birth weight 2500 g and NICU.In general, women's health perspective, to have a pregnancy is the main target in infertility work-ups, but physicians should be aware of the risks and couples should be counseled that pregnancies after OI/IUI treatment even if singleton carries a risk of adverse perinatal outcome for both the mother and baby.

Recurrence is a major clinical problem in patients with pulmonary embolism and can affect mortality. The decision to discontinue treatment is important for recurrence and is based on patients’ clinical features as well as certain blood parameters. Our aim in this study was to evaluate whether mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) have utility as new predictive parameters for recurrence and mortality in pulmonary embolism. A total of 440 patients with pulmonary embolism underwent computed tomography, Doppler ultrasonography, and echocardiography before and at the conclusion of treatment. Thrombocyte count, MPV, PDW, and D-dimer parameters were also evaluated at the same time points. MPV and PDW were significantly higher in deceased patients (8.8 ± 1.2 fl and 17.4 ± 0.8) compared to surviving patients (7.7 ± 0.9 fl and 17 ± 0.9) (p

COVID-19 pandemisi tüm dünyada sağlık hizmetlerinde de yeni çalışma düzenlemesinin yapılmasını gerekli kılmıştır. Bu düzenleme sırasında infertil hastalardaki bazı işlem ve tedavi uygulamalarının da yeniden düzenlenmesi gerekmiştir. Bu derlemede COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde hem dünya hem ülkemizde Üremeye Yardımcı Tedavilerdeki yaklaşım ele alınmıştır.

Observations from studies have provided evidence that Placenta-specific protein1 (PLAC1) is important for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy and suggest it as a potential biomarker for gestational pathologies. The aim of this study is to investigate whether maternal serum PLAC1 levels have any impact on etiopathogenesis of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and repeated implantation failure after

The aim of the study was to compare the outcome of assisted reproductive treatment fresh cycles, in patients with low prognosis which were stratified according to the POSEIDON (Patient-Oriented Strategies Encompassing IndividualizeD Oocyte Number) criteria.This retrospective cohort study including all fresh assisted reproductive treatment cycles age44 years, between January and December 2017 was carried out from patient records of Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Care Education and Research Hospital IVF Clinic. A total of 525 IVF cycles were analyzed and 276 patients fulfilling the POSEIDON criteria for poor ovarian response (POR) were included in the study.Implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and early miscarriage rate were similar in four POSEIDON groups. Live birth rate (LBR) is statistically higher in unexpected POR groups and also significantly higher in POSEIDON group 3 when compared with POSEIDON group 4.LBRs are not homogenous in low prognosis patients fulfilling POSEIDON criteria and it seems unexpected POR groups have the most favorable pregnancy outcomes. In unexpected POR groups, age was not a determinant factor in IVF success but in the expected group, age is the most powerful determinant factor.

In this study, our aim was to determine which factor is more correlated with the number of oocytes retrieved in patients with endometrioma compared with controls undergoing in vitro fertilisation-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI) cycles: antral follicle count (AFC) or anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). A total of 60 women with endometrioma and a control population of 60 women without endometrioma in the same period were randomly selected underwent the injection IVF-ICSI treatment. No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of age (28.78 ± 3.49 vs. 29.52 ± 2.47, p = .187), body mass index (23.62 ± 2.05 vs. 23.91 ± 2.11, p = .449), duration of infertility [(3 (2-4) vs. 3 (2-3), p = .139)], AMH level (1.52 ± 0.51 vs. 1.32 ± 0.92, p = .133), duration of stimulation [(9 (9-10) vs. 10 (9-10), p = .135)], total gonadotropin dose [(2750 (2262.5-3337.5) vs. 2770 (2680-3562.5), p = .125)], endometrial thickness [(10 (10-11) vs. 10 (9-11), p = .463)], fertilisation rates (67.20 ± 18.04 vs. 62.28 ± 17.13, p = .123), grade I embryo (43.3% vs. 30%, p = .185), clinical pregnancy rates (40% vs. 26.7%, p = .123), and the perinatal outcomes between the groups. The AFC was higher in the controls than in those with endometrioma (9.20 ± 1.80 vs. 6.32 ± 2.04, p .001). The number of oocytes retrieved was also higher in the controls than in those with endometrioma [(7 (6-8) vs. 4 (4-5.75), p .001)]. We found that women with endometrioma had a significantly lower number of oocytes retrieved than the controls despite the same AMH levels in both groups. AFC is a better marker of ovarian response than AMH in women with endometrioma undergoing IVF-ICSI. Impact statement What is already known on this subject? Utilising the ovarian reserve is important in the success of ovarian stimulation and in evaluating the success of assisted reproductive technologies. The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level and the antral follicle count (AFC) are widely used in the prediction of ovarian functional reserve and response. However, no perfect marker exists in the evaluation of ovarian reserve and ovarian response. What do the results of this study add? Our study demonstrated that women with endometrioma have a significantly lower number of oocytes retrieved than the controls, despite the same AMH levels in both groups; which strongly suggests that AFC is a better reflection of ovarian response than AMH in women with endometrioma undergoing an in vitro fertilisation-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI). What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This important issue has been reviewed and discussed for years, however, the conclusions are still controversial. Additional research is needed to understand which ovarian reserve test could better predict ovarian response outcome?

Conclusion: The present study included a large number of patients from various geographical areas of the country who were admitted to various types of ICUs, had diverse diagnoses and comorbidities, were intubated with various indications in either urgent or elective settings, and were followed by physicians from various specialties. Therefore, our data are more general and can be applied to a broader population. This study devised a new scoring system for decision-making for critically ill patients as to whether they need to be intubated or not and presents a rapid and accurate prediction of mortality and prognosis prior to ICU admission using simple clinical data.