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Peter C Taylor,1 Codrina Ancuta,2 Orsolya Nagy,3 María C de la Vega,4 Andrey Gordeev,5 Radka Janková,6 Umut Kalyoncu,7 Ivan Lagunes-Galindo,3 Jadranka Morović-Vergles,8 Mariana Peixoto GU e Silva de Souza,9 Bernadette Rojkovich,10 Prodromos Sidiropoulos,11 Atsushi Kawakami12 1Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; 2Department of Rheumatology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania; 3AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, IL, USA; 4CEIM Investigaciones Medicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; 5V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russian Federation; 6Department of Pediatric and Adult Rheumatology, Faculty Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic; 7Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; 8Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Rheumatology, Dubrava University Hospital, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; 9Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; 10Department of Rheumatology and Physiotherapy, Polyclinic of the Hospitaller Brothers of St. John of God, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; 11Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece; 12Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, JapanCorrespondence: Peter C TaylorBotnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UKTel +44 1865 227323Email peter.taylor@kennedy.ox.ac.ukBackground: Patients’ needs and perspectives are important determinants of treatment success in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Assessing patients’ perspectives can help identify unmet needs and enhance the understanding of treatment benefits.Objective: The SENSE study assessed the impact of inadequate response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) on treatment satisfaction, disease outcomes, and patient perspectives related to RA disease management.Methods: SENSE was a noninterventional, cross-sectional study conducted in 18 countries across Europe, Asia, and South America. Adult patients with poorly controlled RA of moderate/high disease activity were eligible. Patient satisfaction was assessed by the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM v1.4). Treatment adherence, healthcare resource utilization (HRU), quality of life (QoL), work ability, digital health literacy (DHL), patient preference information, and treatment strategy were also assessed.Results: A total of 1624 patients were included in the study: most were female (84.2%) and middle-aged, and mean disease duration was 10.5 years. Mean TSQM global satisfaction subscore was 60.9, with only 13.5% of patients reporting good treatment satisfaction (TSQM global ≥ 80). The strongest predictor of good treatment satisfaction was treatment with advanced therapies. Most patients (87.4%) reported good treatment adherence. In general, patients had impaired QoL and work ability, high HRU, and 67.4% had poor DHL. Leading treatment expectations were “general improvement of arthritis” and “less joint pain”. Most patients preferred oral RA medications (60.7%) and rapid (≤ 1 week) onset of action (71.1%). “Increased risk for malignancies” and “increased risk for cardiovascular disease” were the least acceptable side effects. Despite suboptimal control, advanced therapies were only used in a minority of patients, and DMARD switches were planned for only half of the patients.Conclusion: Suboptimal disease control negatively impacts treatment satisfaction, work ability, QoL, and HRU. Data collected on patient perspectives may inform shared decision-making and optimize treat-to-target strategies for improving patient outcomes in RA.Keywords: adherence, digital health literacy, patient preference, rheumatoid arthritis, treatment satisfaction

This study investigated the changes in: thyroid hormones, amount of subcutaneous fat, and selected indices of blood biochemistry in dairy cows in relation to the reproduction/production cycle. The blood samples were collected both ante- and post-partum every two weeks. When evaluating the mean values of the investigated indices, the major changes were recorded in dairy cows 3 to 14 days after calving. During this period, we observed a significant decrease in the mean serum levels of T3 (P < 0.05), T4 (P < 0.01), and triglycerides (P < 0.01). An opposite trend was observed with a significant increase after calving in the: mean serum levels of β-hydroxybutyrate (P < 0.05), urea (P < 0.01), and mean AST activities (P < 0.05). A significant increase over the normal range was recorded in the average levels of non-esterified fatty acids (P < 0.01) and total bilirubin (P < 0.01). From the next sampling (28 days after calving) onwards we recorded a significant increase in the blood serum levels of cholesterol (P < 0.01), total lipids (P < 0.01), total protein (P < 0.01), as well as a significant decrease in the insulin levels (P < 0.05) and a reduced layer of subcutaneous fat (P < 0.01). The blood serum iodine concentration showed only slight significant changes (P < 0.05) during the observation. Blood serum levels of glucose did not show any significant changes during the whole observation period. Within the whole observation period we found a negative correlation between T3 levels and the layer of subcutaneous fat (r = −0.2606; P < 0.05). This correlation was much more marked in cows 3 to 14 days after calving (r = −0.5077; P < 0.05), which may indicate a possible relationships between the thyroid status, body condition, and post partum negative energy balance.

The objective of this study was to compare in clinical patients the analgesic effect of the centrally acting analgesics tramadol and buprenorphine in continuous intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with propofol. Twenty dogs undergoing prophylactic dental treatment, aged 2−7 years, weighing 6−27 kg, were included in ASA I. and II. groups. Two groups of dogs received intravenous (IV) administration of tramadol hydrochloride (2 mg.kg−1) or buprenorphine hydrochloride (0.2 mg.kg−1) 30 minutes prior to sedation, provided by midazolam hydrochloride (0.3 mg.kg−1) and xylazine hydrochloride (0.5 mg.kg-1) IV. General anaesthesia was induced by propofol (2 mg.kg−1) and maintained by a 120 minutes propofol infusion (0.2 mg.kg−1min−1). Oscilometric arterial blood pressure (ABP) measured in mm Hg, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), SAT, body temperature (BT) and pain reaction elicited by haemostat forceps pressure at the digit were recorded in ten minute intervals. The tramadol group of dogs showed significantly better parameters of blood pressure (P < 0.001), lower tendency to bradycardia (P < 0.05), and better respiratory rate (P < 0.001) without negative influence to oxygen saturation. Statistically better analgesia was achieved in the tramadol group (P < 0.001). Tramadol, in comparison with buprenorphine provided significantly better results with respect to the degree of analgesia, as well as the tendency of complications arising during anaesthesia.