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2. A Note on Grounding in Japanese Junior High School English Language Classrooms

Author

NAKASHIMA, Toru and HINE, Andrew

Subjects
ETYP:教育関連論文
Abstract

Grounding (Clark and Schaefer, 1989), is the process by which people, in order to add to their pool of shared information, strive to gain confidence in mutual understanding by providing each other with positive evidence of understanding. It is one that has been suggested to be of use to English language teachers at Japanese elementary schools (see Nakashima & Hine, 2021); however, it may well help guide English language teachers at Japanese junior high schools when they prepare for and conduct student-student communication activities.A new English language curriculum is just this year being implemented at Japanese junior high schools, one which seems to be indicating that English language classes should be taught in English in order to maximise the students’ exposure to the language (Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology [MEXT], 2017). This, in and of itself, is ample cause for English language teachers at Japanese junior high schools to feel some pressure; however, it also comes on the back of the implementation of a new English language curriculum at Japanese elementary schools in 2020, which has Japanese elementary school students receiving English language education from grade three. It seems reasonable to say that the students entering Japanese junior high schools are becoming more and more capable with the English language and, in turn, will surely be requiring more of their English languageteachers than was previously the case.In Nakashima & Hine (2021), it was suggested that the concept of ‘grounding’ (Clark and Schaefer, 1989) might prove to be an important concept for teachers working at Japanese elementary schools. However, the usefulness of the concept of grounding is surely not limited to elementary school English language classrooms. As such, this paper aims to look at the possible application and relevance of the concept of grounding in junior high school English language classrooms.

Published
2022

3. Association of interactions between dietary salt consumption and hypertension-susceptibility genetic polymorphisms with blood pressure among Japanese male workers

Author

Imaizumi, Takahiro, Ando, Masahiko, Nakatochi, Masahiro, Maruyama, Shoichi, Yasuda, Yoshinari, Honda, Hiroyuki, Kuwatsuka, Yachiyo, Kato, Sawako, Kondo, Takaaki, Iwata, Masamitsu, Nakashima, Toru, Yasui, Hiroshi, Takamatsu, Hideki, Okajima, Hiroshi, Yoshida, Yasuko, and Matsuo, Seiichi

Published
2017
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4. A Note on Grounding in Japanese Elementary School English Language Classrooms

Author

NAKASHIMA, Toru and HINE, Andrew

Subjects
ETYP:教育関連論文
Abstract

The concept of grounding (Clark and Schaefer, 1989), or the process by which people gain confidence in mutual understanding by providing each other with positive evidence of understanding, may prove to be an invaluable tool for English language teachers in Japanese elementary schools. This is because it may well help teachers more clearly understand certain curriculum goals, more easily gradestudent ability, and more readily tweak textbook interactions so that students are encouraged to show more positive evidence of understanding to one another.

Published
2021

7. Association between kidney function and genetic polymorphisms in atherosclerotic and chronic kidney diseases: A cross-sectional study in Japanese male workers

Author

Kubo, Yoko, primary, Imaizumi, Takahiro, additional, Ando, Masahiko, additional, Nakatochi, Masahiro, additional, Yasuda, Yoshinari, additional, Honda, Hiroyuki, additional, Kuwatsuka, Yachiyo, additional, Kato, Sawako, additional, Kikuchi, Kyoko, additional, Kondo, Takaaki, additional, Iwata, Masamitsu, additional, Nakashima, Toru, additional, Yasui, Hiroshi, additional, Takamatsu, Hideki, additional, Okajima, Hiroshi, additional, Yoshida, Yasuko, additional, and Maruyama, Shoichi, additional

Published
2017
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8. Genotyping SNPs v1

Author

Kubo, Yoko, primary, Imaizumi, Takahiro, additional, Nakatochi, Masahiro, additional, Yasuda, Yoshinari, additional, Honda, Hiroyuki, additional, Kuwatsuka, Yachiyo, additional, Kato, Sawako, additional, Kikuchi, Kyoko, additional, Kondo, Takaaki, additional, Iwata, Masamitsu, additional, Nakashima, Toru, additional, Yasui, Hiroshi, additional, Takamatsu, Hideki, additional, Okajima, Hiroshi, additional, Yoshida, Yasuko, additional, and Maruyama, Shoichi, additional

Published
2017
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9. Association of interactions between dietary salt consumption and hypertension-susceptibility genetic polymorphisms with blood pressure among Japanese male workers

Author

Imaizumi, Takahiro, primary, Ando, Masahiko, additional, Nakatochi, Masahiro, additional, Maruyama, Shoichi, additional, Yasuda, Yoshinari, additional, Honda, Hiroyuki, additional, Kuwatsuka, Yachiyo, additional, Kato, Sawako, additional, Kondo, Takaaki, additional, Iwata, Masamitsu, additional, Nakashima, Toru, additional, Yasui, Hiroshi, additional, Takamatsu, Hideki, additional, Okajima, Hiroshi, additional, Yoshida, Yasuko, additional, and Matsuo, Seiichi, additional

Published
2016
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11. Identification of an Interaction between VWF rs7965413 and Platelet Count as a Novel Risk Marker for Metabolic Syndrome: An Extensive Search of Candidate Polymorphisms in a Case-Control Study

Author

Nakatochi, Masahiro, primary, Ushida, Yasunori, additional, Yasuda, Yoshinari, additional, Yoshida, Yasuko, additional, Kawai, Shun, additional, Kato, Ryuji, additional, Nakashima, Toru, additional, Iwata, Masamitsu, additional, Kuwatsuka, Yachiyo, additional, Ando, Masahiko, additional, Hamajima, Nobuyuki, additional, Kondo, Takaaki, additional, Oda, Hiroaki, additional, Hayashi, Mutsuharu, additional, Kato, Sawako, additional, Yamaguchi, Makoto, additional, Maruyama, Shoichi, additional, Matsuo, Seiichi, additional, and Honda, Hiroyuki, additional

Published
2015
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19. Clinical Evaluation of Guided Tissue Regeneration Using a Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Membrane.

Author

SETOGUCHI, Takashi, primary, KOURA, Noriaki, additional, MATSUNAGA, Makoto, additional, NAKAYAMA, Kiyotaka, additional, TAKEUCHI, Toshiro, additional, TAGATA, Yoshihiro, additional, HIWATASHI, Kyoko, additional, TATEISHI, Mototaka, additional, UCHIDA, Hirofumi, additional, MINAMI, Mutsumi, additional, KAMIINABA, Takashi, additional, TAKEUCHI, Makoto, additional, HOSAKA, Hitoshi, additional, SUEDA, Takeshi, additional, INAGAKI, Koji, additional, YOSHINARI, Nobuo, additional, IRAGO, Hajime, additional, NISHIYAMA, Hitoshi, additional, ISHIKAWA, Kazuhiro, additional, NAKASHIMA, Toru, additional, NOGUCHI, Toshihide, additional, and YOKOTA, Makoto, additional

Published
1991
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