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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to adapt the Pregnancy Sexual Response Inventory (PSRI) into Turkish and to determine the psychometric properties for pregnant women. Methods: A total of 139 pregnant women were included in the study. The psychometric features of the questionnaire were analyzed in terms of internal consistency, test–retest reliability, content and criterion validity. The Turkish version of the PSRI and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was completed by the pregnant women. Criterion validity was tested by measuring the correlations between the total and subscale scores of the PSRI and the FSFI. Results: The test–retest reliability of the Turkish PSRI was found to be moderate to very strong (ICC = 0.57–0.96, p < 0.001). The internal consistency [Cronbach's alpha (α) coefficient] was found to be 0.65–0.70 before pregnancy and 0.73–0.80 during pregnancy. The criterion validity of the PSRI was supported by moderate to strong correlations between the subscales of the FSFI (desire, arousal, orgasm, satisfaction, pain) and the subscales of the PSRI-during pregnancy (r = 0.59, r = 0.45, r = 0.64, r = 0.53, r = 0.41, p < 0.001, respectively). The total score of the PSRI was significantly correlated with the total score of the FSFI (r = 0.71, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the Turkish version of the PSRI has valid and reliable properties for assessing sexuality and sexual response during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine individual characteristics (i.e. sociodemographic and medical, obstetric and gynecological, and musculoskeletal and anthropometric parameters) for greater pelvic floor distress (PFD). A cross-sectional study was performed in 253 women with pelvic floor dysfunction. PFD was assessed using the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 (PFDI-20). The score of Urogenital Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6) was used to perform secondary analyses. Sociodemographic, medical, and obstetric & gynecological parameters were recorded. Waist and hip circumferences and pelvic diameters were measured as anthropometric parameters. Pearson test, t-test, and linear regression analyses were conducted with a significance level of 0.05. Education level (r = −0.23, p <.001; r = −0.24, p <.001), number of vaginal births (r = 0.15, p =.012; r = 0.12, p =.048), total vaginal birth weight (r = 0.15, p =.021; r = 0.16, p =.019), and Body Mass Index (r = 0.12, p =.043; r = 0.16, p =.007) were significantly correlated with the higher PFDI-20 and UDI-6 scores. The maternal age at the first vaginal birth (r = −0.13, p =.049) and pelvic antero-posterior diameter (r = 0.17, p =.013) were also significantly correlated with higher UDI-6 score. Linear regression analyses revealed that younger age (Beta coefficient (β) = −1.10, p =.005), greater symptom duration (β = 2.28, p =.001), the presence of chronic cough/constipation (β = 25.72, p =.001), and increased total vaginal birth weight (β = 2.38, p =.030) were associated with the greater PFDI-20 score. Increased pelvic antero-posterior diameter (β = 0.88, p =.049) was a contributory factor for the greater UDI-6 score. This study showed that younger age, chronic cough/constipation, higher total vaginal birth weight, greater symptom duration, and pelvic antero-posterior diameter can be contributors of greater PFD. We suggest further longitudinal studies that better reveal the causal relationship between individual characteristics and PFD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The aim of this case report was to describe the use of complete decongestive therapy (CDT) with a new approach in the management of a male with facial edema related to Morbus Morbihan Syndrome (MMS). Methods An 18-year-old male with MMS after acne treatment was the subject of this case report. Volume assessment was performed with distance measurements of the facial area using standard reference points, the overflow method, and the measurement of the percentage of subdermal fluid. Participant-reported symptoms of lymphedema (feeling of swelling and tightness) and body image perception were evaluated with the visual analogue scale, and the severity of anxiety was evaluated with the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory. In addition, the participant's perception of improvement was determined using a Likert-type scale. Evaluations were performed at baseline, week 4 (during the treatment), and week 8 (immediately after treatment). CDT was applied to the participant in a total of 24 sessions, 3 d/wk for 8 weeks. Results Compared with the baseline measurement, the facial distances (tragus-mental cavity, tragus-mouth corner, mandibula-nasal canal, mandibula-internal orbita, mandibula-external orbita, mental cavity-internal orbita, mental cavity-mandibula, right–left tragus, and hairline in the forehead-mental cavity), the volume, and the percentage of subdermal fluid of facial area were decreased at the week 4 and 8 measurements. The anxiety score, participant reports of feelings of swelling and tightness, and body image perception improved after the 8 weeks of treatment compared with baseline. Conclusion This case report described the use of CDT in treating edema and participant symptoms in an individual with facial lymphedema related to MMS. Body image and level of anxiety improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to identify the effects of connective tissue manipulation (CTM) in primary dysmenorrhea (PD) in a randomized, placebo-controlled design. Thirty-eight nulliparous women with PD were randomly allocated into 3 groups: CTM (n = 13), placebo therapeutic ultrasound (US) (n = 13), and control (n = 12). The primary outcome measure was the maximum and mean menstrual pain intensity at the last menstrual period on the visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary outcome measures were menstrual symptom frequency and distress score, the number of analgesic/anti-inflammatory drugs used during the last menstrual period, and perception of improvement in dysmenorrhea severity via interventions. The chi-square test and analysis of variance were used to determine within-group and between-group differences. Statistical significance level was determined as p < 0.05. Compared with the placebo US and control groups, it was observed that menstrual pain (VAS mean and VAS maximum), menstrual symptom frequency, and distress level decreased more after treatment (T2) and the 3-month follow-up (T3) in de CTM group (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.014, p = 0.015, respectively). There was no difference between the groups in terms of analgesic/anti-inflammatory drugs use (p > 0.05). The rate of individuals reporting perceived improvement at the end of intervention period was higher in the CTM group than in the placebo-US and control groups (p < 0.001). In the 3rd month follow-up, there was no difference between groups in the perception of improvement (p > 0.05). CTM is superior to placebo intervention and control in improving menstrual pain and other menstrual symptoms in PD in the short-term. On the other hand, when the application is terminated, this superiority seems to disappear during the follow-up period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common pelvic floor dysfunction in pregnancy. The relationship between biomechanical changes and pregnancy-related UI has not been fully elucidated. To investigate the association of various musculoskeletal and anthropometric changes in pregnancy that affect gestational UI. The study was conducted with 275 pregnant women. Ninety-three, 110 and 72 women were in first, second and third trimesters, respectively. Incontinence Impact Questionnaire for UI, Urogenital Distress Inventory-Short Form and Incontinence Severity Index were applied. Lumbar lordosis measurement was performed by Baseline Bubble Inclinometer while diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) measurement was carried out by finger-width method. Manual muscle test for rectus abdominis and right and left external oblique abdominal muscles, and Benign joint hypermobility test with Beighton scoring method were also applied as musculoskeletal measurements. Tape measurement at the waist, umbilical and hip levels, caliper with bi-iliac and bi-trochanteric diameters were also recorded as anthropometric measurements. Significant associated factors for UI were: umbilical DRA (OR = 1.57; p =.012); rectus abdominis muscle strength (values of 3 and below, OR = 1.2; p =.014); umbilical environment (OR = 1.1; p =.029); bi-iliac diameter (OR = 1.1; p =.05;) and bi-trochanteric diameter (OR = 1.3; p =.05), respectively. Changing musculoskeletal and anthropometric characteristics of pregnant women should be taken into consideration in UI follow-up during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the factors related to the severity of menstrual pain in Turkish women with primary dysmenorrhea (PD). The study included 504 women with PD aged 18 years or older. A Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), a self-developed structured questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) were used to measure outcomes. Multiple multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors related to the severity of menstrual pain. In this model, categorical menstrual pain severity levels (mild, moderate, and severe) were considered as dependent variables and the category of "severe menstrual pain" was determined as the reference category. p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The individuals were divided into 3 groups according to their VAS scores: mild-pain group (n = 132, 26.19%), moderate-pain group (n = 189, 37.50%), and severe-pain group (n = 183, 36.30%). BMI increase (OR = 1.10 and OR = 1.09), decreased chocolate consumption (OR = 1.88), menstruation duration (OR = 2.48) and menstrual pain duration (OR = 1.33 and OR = 1.61), and increased physical activity level (OR = 1.10) were found to increase the tendency to have less severe pain. The positive family history (OR = 0.35), a decrease in the age of menarche (OR = 0.47), the presence of irregular menstruation (OR = 0.36), and decreased quality of life (OR = 0.98 for NHP pain and emotional reaction) were found to be associated with a reduced likelihood of less severe pain (p < 0.05). In Turkey as well as in the rest of the world, PD is an important public health problem and many factors are associated with menstrual pain in Turkish women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and hypothesis: We evaluated whether vaginal tampon training (VTT) combined with pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) results in better outcomes than PFMT alone for treating stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Methods: This was a randomized, controlled study. Patients were allocated to either the combined program, consisting of PFMT and VTT over 12 weeks [PFMT and VTT group (n = 24)] or to PFMT alone [PFMT group (n = 24)]. The primary outcome measure was self-reported improvement, while secondary outcome measures were severity of incontinence, quality of life (QoL), urinary parameters, and pelvic floor muscle strength (PFMS) and endurance (PFME). Values were analyzed with Friedman, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon, and chi-square tests.Results: Between-group analysis showed no statistically significant differences in self-reported improvement, severity of incontinence, symptom distress score, PFMS, PFME, urinary parameters, and all domains of QoL scores, except social limitations, at weeks 4, 8, and 12 (p > 0.05). However, the increase in PFMS and PFME between baseline and week 12 and earlier improvement was significantly greater in the PFMT and VTT than in the PFMT group (both p < 0.05) Conclusion: Short-term results demonstrated that PFMT with and without VT exercises had similar effectiveness on the symptoms of SUI and QoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and hypothesis: The objective of the present study was to adapt the CONTILIFE, a quality-of-life questionnaire, into Turkish and to reveal its psychometric properties in women suffering from stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Methods: Ninety-eight patients with a symptom of SUI participated in the study and filled out the Turkish CONTILIFE. Cronbach's alpha (α) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were evaluated for the internal consistency and test-retest reliability, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to determine the underlying structure. Criterion validity was analyzed using the correlation coefficients between the total and subscale scores of the CONTILIFE and King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ), the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7 (IIQ-7), and the Urinary Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6).Results: Internal consistency was found to be strong to very strong (Cronbach's α: 0.90-0.96). Test-retest reliability was very strong (ICCs = 0.91-0.98, p < 0.001). Exploratory factor analysis revealed five significant factors, explained by 74% of the total variance. Total scores on the CONTILIFE were significantly correlated with the KHQ subscales (r = −0.43 − −0.81), IIQ-7 (r = −0.89), UDI-6 (r = −0.66), and ISI (r = −0.66); (p < 0.01).Conclusion: The Turkish CONTILIFE is a valid and reliable tool to determine the influence of SUI on health-related quality of life in Turkish women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]