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Background: Premature infants often encounter different challenges due to their underdeveloped systems at birth and require specialized care to survive. Telecare usage as a follow-up tool is a proper line to increase infants' health by reinforcing parents' competency to care effectively during the post-discharge period. However, there is controversy about telecare for post-discharge infant care. This study aimed to investigate and compare the experiences of nurses and physicians about post-discharge telecare usage in premature infants. Methods: This qualitative study employed conventional content analysis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 nurses and 25 physicians using purposive sampling. The participants were recruited from three neonatal intensive care units (NICU) affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from October 2022 to February 2023. All participants had at least two years of experience providing teleconsultation care for premature infants through a web-based national social media platform. The interviews aimed to explore participants' experiences with teleconsultation. Data collection spanned five months, and the analysis was guided by Granheim and Lundman's method to extract core concepts until data saturation was reached, meaning no new information emerged from further interviews. Results: The findings demonstrated two main components, including the challenges and benefits of telecare. Both nurses and physicians generally agreed on the usefulness of telecare, but they differed in opinions regarding infant safety and trust in parents' understanding of telecare monitoring. Conclusion: The study highlighted safety concerns and parental internet literacy levels related to telecare follow-up, advocating for its integration alongside traditional care. Valuable insights were provided for policy-makers in managing post-discharge care for premature infants, emphasizing the need for further exploration into long-term impacts and parental adherence to telecare protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The study was conducted to review, categorize and organize early tele-homecare follow-up research in premature infants based on research type, the focus of tele-homecare, and measured outcomes. This narrative review was conducted in 2021 through international databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Web of Science databases. Studies selected for this purpose included original articles on premature infants. We reviewed 16 out of 267 identified articles. These studies were analyzed according to general characteristics, elements, and characteristics of tele-homecare intervention. Based on the obtained data, most studies had been conducted in Nordic countries as the pioneer in tele homecare. Also, most of them were on the psychological status of premature infants' parents. Phone calls, video consultation, and applications were considered dominant tele-homecare communication tools. Overall, the qualitative studies on parents' and health providers' views about tele homecare revealed its hidden aspects as a supportive tool. The tele-homecare studies were distributed across different fields and countries, resulting in positive outcomes for infants and parents. However, further studies in the long-term periods are recommended to follow up on premature infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Home care service is considered as comprehensive care for children with chronic disease or COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the implementation of a home care nursing program for such children in 2019--2020. Materials and Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was conducted with 198 nurses working in pediatric wards of selective hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The data were collected through an author-administered questionnaire with 44 questions. The questionnaire was designed in two parts. Part one involved gathering the demographic data of the participants. Facilitating and barrier factors of the implementation of the care were prioritized and examined in part two by using the Likert scale in both the individual and the organizational domains. The data were analyzed using the mean frequency and paired t test. Results: The mean (SD) score of individual and organizational facilitating factors were 65.65 (16.24) and 65.98 (11.29), respectively, and the mean (SD) score of the organizational barriers was 82.04 (14.36), which was significantly higher than the mean score (SD) of the individual barriers of 57.94 (14.82) (t197 = 21.32, p < 0.05). The most important individual facilitating factor (53.82%) was "respectful communication with the family," and the most important organizational facilitator (80.40%) was "Physicians' support of the nurses." Conclusions: Organizational factors were the most significant barriers. Therefore, the findings of this study will help policymakers in the program implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Children are vulnerable to damage. Health problems in children, especially if necessitate hospitalization, can cause stress in their parents that may persist even long after discharge. This study aimed to investigate the effect of implementing follow-up care plans on stress in mothers of children discharged from pediatric surgical units. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 64 mothers whose children were hospitalized in the surgical wards of two educational hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups of control and experimental. The data collection tools included a demographic data questionnaire and stress response inventory (SRI). The interventions were performed using a four-stage follow-up care plan. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 13 and descriptive statistics, independent t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and least significant difference (LSD) test. Results: The mean (SD) stress scores of the experimental group were 64.1 (28.8), 20.4 (12.4), and 11.6 (7.5) before, one week, and one month after the intervention, respectively. In the control group, these scores were 61.2 (29.2), 59.9 (25.5), and 46.7 (19.1), respectively. The results showed the mean score was significantly lower than that of the control group at one week and one month after the intervention in the experimental group. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that a follow-up care plan can decrease the stress levels of mothers as a continuity of patient care even after discharge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Child Abuse and Neglect (CAN) is an important public health concern. Nurses play a key role in caring for the children and keeping them safe from abuse and neglect. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of perceived CAN in Hospitalized Children with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN) as well as the relationship between the rate and some effective factors. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study on 199 CSHCN aged 6-18 years old, admitted to the pediatric wards in an educational hospital, in Isfahan, Iran, in 2018. Children were selected through convenience sampling method and assessed for CAN through a child abuse questionnaire. The Pearson correlation coefficient and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data. The p values smaller than 0.05 were regarded as significant. Results: According to the findings, 173 children (86.93%) had perceived CAN, the average total score of which was 9.36 contributing commonly to malnutrition 3.01 (2.36) followed by psycho-emotional abuse 2.71 (1.76), neglect 1.62 (1.23), and physical 1.52 (1.08) and sexual 0.54 (0.31) abuse based on mean (SD). Statistical analysis indicated a significant effect of child's age, economic situation of the family, mother's education and occupation, and parents' illness on the total score of perceived CAN (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Malnutrition was found to be the most common type of perceived CAN. Therefore, parents and the health system are advised to prioritize nutritional needs when planning their nutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pediatric nurses, who take care of ill children and interact with their exhausted and anxious parents, face more challenges for which some strategies must be considered to reduce tensions and improve mental health. This study was conducted to examine the effect of Kobasa and Maddi hardiness model on hardiness and perceived stress among nurses in pediatric units of a hospital in Isfahan – Iran in 2018. Materials and Methods: Participants were 57 nurses selected from the staff of pediatric units. They were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Data collection was done by means of Kobasa Hardiness Inventory and perceived stress scale. The intervention group attended educational and exercise sessions for 3 months. Data were analyzed through descriptive (frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and analytical (Chi-square, Fisher exact test, Mann–Whitney, and t-tests) statistics. Results: Results of study revealed that before the intervention, the mean scores of hardiness and perceived stress of nurses were not significant. However, significant differences were observed after the intervention for hardiness and perceived stress (t2,98 p < 0.004, t2,4 p < 0.02), respectively. The mean (SD) hardiness score in the intervention group increased from 65.06 (9.11) to 71.27 (7.44), whereas mean perceived stress score decreased from 26.54 (7.59) to 22.55 (8.39) after the intervention. Conclusions: The implementation of Hardiness Kobasa and Maddi Model increased hardiness and decreased perceived stress of the nurses. Thus, nursing managers may implement the Kobasa and Maddi hardiness model before initiating their job and during continuing education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Many newborns are hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) and undergo invasive procedures. Intravenous (IV) insertion is one of the most common painful invasive procedures performed on newborns. Thus, it is important to carry out this procedure according to the standards. The present study aimed to determine the effect of video feedback on nurses' adherence to neonatal IV insertion standards in selected hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Methods: This study was conducted as a clinical trial on 60 nurses in selected hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2018. In the control group, after filling out the pre-test checklist and recording the IV insertion processes, the procedures were implemented according to the NICU routines. After a month, the post-test checklist was filled out. In the intervention group, feedbacks were given to the nurses about the correct insertion of IV and their performance after filling out the pre-test checklist and recording the processes. After a month, the post-test checklist was filled out, and the data were analyzed by the independent t-tests, Fisher's exact test, Chi-square test, covariance analysis, and paired sample t-test using SPSS software (version 22). Results: According to the findings, the mean score of adherence to neonatal IV insertion standards in the intervention group was about 59 before the intervention, but it increased to 78.7 after the intervention. The statistical test also indicated a significant difference in this practice before and after the intervention (P<0.001). Moreover, the results of the independent ttest showed that the mean score of adherence to neonatal IV insertion standards had improved significantly in the intervention group after the intervention, compared to that in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Use of feedback method can be effective in nurses' adherence to standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: One of the factors affecting the behavior and performance of nurses is mental workload. Training programs can improve the attitude, knowledge, and performance of nurses. However, the impact of these programs on mental workload is not clear. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of two conventional and self-designed education classes on the mental workload of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 68 nurses, divided into two intervention and control groups. Subjects of the intervention group attended a social awareness reinforcement class, in which one of the dimensions of emotional intelligence was introduced and covered. Research tool was the mental workload questionnaire of National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). Results: In this research, results of the paired t-test were indicative of a significant decrease in the mean score of mental workload immediately after the intervention (t = 1.48, p < 0.001) and one month later (t = 1.11, p = 0.007). Moreover, a significant difference was observed in the mean score of mental workload of the intervention group between before and after the conventional education class, and before and 1 month after the self-designed class using repeated-measures analysis of variance (F = 21.31, p < 0.001). Conclusions: According to the results of the study, the conventional education class had no impact on the mental workload, whereas the self-designed class significantly decreased mental workload. Therefore, it is suggested that education programs be conducted for NICU nurses to improve their emotional intelligence, which leads to decreased level of mental workload. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Use of narcotics to relieve pain in labor affects neurobehavioral and nutritional conditions of newborns after birth. However, there are inadequate data on the effects of drugs currently used in labor. This study was performed to examine the association between newborns' breastfeeding behaviors in the first two hours after birth and drugs used for their mothers in labor in Isfahan, central Iran, from 2014 to 2016. Materials & Methods In this descriptive-analytical study, 300 women were selected who had vaginal delivery in the Labor and Gynecology Wards of Al-Zahra and Shahid Beheshti hospitals, Isfahan, Iran from 2014 to 2016. Data were collected by a demographic questionnaire and the Newborn Breastfeeding Behaviors Tool completed by the researcher as she observed the newborns during breastfeeding after birth. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis test in SPSS 20. Results There was no significant difference between demographic characteristics of the studied groups (P>0.05). In addition, there was significant difference in breastfeeding behaviors between groups. More clearly, breastfeeding ability was higher in the infants of the women administered with no drug than those of the women in the group (P=0.000). Conclusion Physicians, nurses, and midwives can be informed about the side effects of the drugs used in labor on the newborns' breastfeeding, and improve their breastfeeding outcomes by decreasing the dose of used drug and the duration of the women's treatment with these drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]