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Shark is a cartilaginous fish that is widely hunted because it has high economic value. The waters of Aceh are directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean and the Malacca Strait making it a preferred habitat for pelagic fish, especially sharks. Information on shark species landed in the waters west and east of Aceh is very limited due to difficulties in identification and commonly used local names. This study aimed to determine the types of sharks landed in Banda Aceh, Meulaboh, Langsa, Southwest Aceh and Simeulu and to find out specifically what species of sharks are most often landed in Aceh waters. Primary data gathering consisted of four stages, namely sample collection, identification using identification books, molecular identification cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and phylogenetic analysis. The results of the molecular analysis of 46 tissue samples from five locations identified 13 species of sharks, namely Carcharhinhus sorrah, Carcharhinhus amboinensis, Triaenodon obesus, Isurus oxyrinchus, Sphyrna zygaena, Sphyrna lewini, Loxodon macrorhinus, Hemipristis elongaria, Stagostoma fasciatum, Nebrius ferrugineus, Chilloscyllium punctatum, Isurus oxyrinchus, Alopias pelagicus, Alopias supercillosus and 1 species of rays, namely Rhynchobatus australiae. Phylogenetic tree reconstruction using the Neighbor Joining method of 610 basepairs consisting of two large clades separates the species Alopias pelagicus and Isurus oxyrichus with Carcharhinus sorrah, Sphyrna lewini, Loxodon macrorhinus and Rhyncobatus australiae with boostrap values of 87% and 64%. The haplotype diversity shown ranged from 0.667-0.889 while the nucleotide diversity ranged from 0.001-0.097. These values indicates high diversity because of the variance in the number of species found. Keywords: Barcode COI Sharks catch Alopias supercillosus Sphyrna lewini

Groupers are among the fish groups that are difficult to recognize due to their high morphological similarities. Therefore, molecular techniques, particularly DNA barcoding, are extensively utilized to differentiate this fish group. This study aimed to analyze and validate six grouper species belonging to the Epinephelidae family that were harvested from Langsa district waters in Aceh province, Indonesia, based on DNA barcode data. It was conducted from June to December 2021, with the fish specimens collected from fishers at fish landing sites and the fish market in Langsa City, Aceh province. A total of 22 grouper sequences belonging to six species were generated, namely Epinephelus coioides, E. bleekeri, E. malabaricus, E. erythrurus, E. sexfasciatus and Mycteroperca poecilonotus (formerly Epinephelus poecilonotus). Genetic distance within these species ranged from 0.10 to 0.73% (average: 0.40%). Notably, E. malabaricus and E. coioides exhibited the closest genetic kinship (4.07%), while E. sexfasciatus and M. poecilonotus displayed the greatest genetic distance (19.33%). This study provides the first DNA reference for grouper in Langsa district, Indonesia, with significant implications for future sustainable grouper management.

Lutjanus or snappers usually known as economical fish in Indonesia and worldwide. This research aims to observe the different phylogeography correlation of Lutjanus bengalensis in Indonesia Waters and South China Sea used COI gene marker. The primary data collected from fish port Pulo Aceh, Indonesia (5 sequences), while the population of others region such as Bali (3 sequences) and Maluku (3 sequences) was retrieved from NCBI GenBank. South China Sea represented by sampled from Taiwan (3 sequences) and Hongkong (3 sequences) that also retrieved from NCBI Genbank. In total 17 sequences were analysed the diversity of haplotypes 0-1 and the diversity of nucleotide 0-0.030. Based on this researched data, it will become basic data for spesies management for Lutjanus bengalensis in Indonesia.

Ocean waves play a crucial role in influencing a wide range of marine and fisheries activities. In this research study, we aim to analyze the climatological conditions of sea wave heights in Sumatran waters over a span of 83 years (1940-2022). We utilize three-dimensional Copernicus numerical model simulations to examine seasonal patterns of sea wave heights and assess the likelihood of extreme wave events. Our findings reveal that high waves, reaching heights of 4-5 meters, are predominantly observed in the western and southern zones off the coast of Sumatra, particularly in the vicinity of smaller islands. Conversely, in enclosed or semi-enclosed waters, such as the lee side of Sumatra and the Malacca Strait, sea wave heights tend to be relatively lower. Seasonally, our study indicates that extreme wave heights are more likely to occur during the west season as opposed to the east season. This research provides valuable insights into the dynamic ocean wave conditions in Sumatran waters, which can have significant implications for various sectors reliant on the ocean environment.

Anabas testudineus, the climbing perch, is a valuable and well-liked freshwater fish with significant commercial worth. This fish is found in Indonesia and other parts of Asia. Nonetheless, there hasn't been much research done on the genetic relationships across Asian populations of climbing perch. Thus, the aim of this work was to use the mitochondrial COI gene to examine the phylogeography of A. testudineus in freshwater Asia. The population sample was taken from South Aceh, Indonesia. The sample was extracted using a modified C-TAB protocol. In all, 48 sequences from the Genbank and three sequences from South Aceh were included in this investigation. Seven samples came from Indonesia, three from Malaysia, nine from Philippines, seven from Vietnam, eight from Thailand, ten from India, and four from Bangladesh. According to the findings, the sequences formed 17 different haplotypes. For every population, the haplotype diversity (Hd) value is 0.897. The genetic distance measuring the closest populations is 0.0007 between Indonesia and Philippines, whereas Indonesia and Vietnam populations are the furthest apart, at 0.0904. Between 0 and 0.0157 is the genetic distance within the population. Thus, the populations of A. testudineus in Aceh and Indonesia and the Philippines are genetically more similar.

This research aims to identify subsurface layers in the coastal area of Lhok Village, Lhoong, Aceh Besar Regency, Aceh. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) was the primary method to extract information concerning concealed geological structures beneath the Earth's surface, including in coastal areas. GPR is a non-destructive geophysical technique that utilizes electromagnetic waves to explore and map subsurface layers. However, data collection involved field surveys utilizing GPR equipment directed at the ground's surface. During the survey, radar data was processed and analysed to pinpoint various subsurface level. The obtained information contributes to a deeper understanding of the region's geological characteristics and subsurface layers. Additionally, it aids in assessing geological risks, facilitating construction planning, and conserving natural resources in the area. Here, the outcomes of this study may also serve as a foundation for further research in geology and geophysics within the Aceh Coastal region.

Understanding the patterns of genetic diversity of species and precise stock identification are important in fisheries conservation management. However, studies on genetic diversity, connectivity, population structure, and gene flow of groupers within the Indo-Malaya Archipelago (IMA) waters are limited. The objective of the present study was to examine the phylogeographic patterns of the family Epinephelidae in IMA waters based on a parallel study of five selected species utilizing the mitochondrial COI. The grouper species were: areolate grouper (Epinephelus areolatus), blacktip grouper (Epinephelus fasciatus), six-bar grouper (Epinephelus sexfasciatus), blue-lined hind (Cephalopholis formosa), and white-edged lyretail (Variola albimarginata). Specimens were obtained from fish landing sites and fish markets from 23 locations throughout the IMA waters. This study showed genetic structuring for two species (Epinephelus areolatus and Variola albimarginata) but genetic homogeneity for the other three investigated species across IMA. Various geological and demographic histories, local and regional oceanographic features, and biological characteristics are hypothesized to shape the present genetic pattern of each species across the IMA waters. The establishment of effective international cooperation is encouraged to manage grouper species stocks in this region.

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is the main component of the skeleton of scleractinian corals and is a preferable substrate for attachment and growth. An electro-stimulation method based on the electrolysis of seawater, which generates calcium and magnesium minerals as a crystalline coating over artificial metal structures, was used to boost coral growth during the 1970s. Few studies have attempted to compare survival and growth between electro-stimulated corals and non-electro-stimulated corals in situ. In this study, we used 2D image analysis to quantify the growth of branching and massive corals on electro-stimulated structures. Among four metallic structures that were deployed in Sabang, Aceh, Indonesia, three were electro-stimulated (12 V) and one was used as a control. Two branching corals (Acropora gemmifera and Pocillopora verrucosa) and two massive coral species (Porites murrayensis and Porites lobata) were selected. A total of 256 fragments, comprising 128 fragments derived from two branching species and 128 fragments derived from two massive species, were randomly dispatched to each structure. Underwater photographs were taken at three intervals from August 2019 to December 2020. The results showed that the survival rates (excluding lost fragments) of branching corals under electro-stimulation were approximately 19% higher than massive. However, no significant difference was found between the survival rates of the treatment and control groups for both branching and massive corals. Furthermore, we found that under electro-stimulation, branching corals grew faster than controls but not massive. Our study provides pieces of evidence for the potential use of electrochemical processes in stimulating the growth of branching corals.

Indonesia is recognized as one of the territories that have the highest reef fish biodiversity in the world. One of the commercially valuable fish in this area is the groupers (locally name "kerapu"). At least 76 grouper species have been reported in Indonesian waters, with three species were categorized into "vulnerable", five species "Data Deficient", and 68 species under the "Least Concern" category based on IUCN classification. The increasing exploitations rate had been reported caused the grouper stocks in Indonesia to decrease and threatened extinction. However, only limited scientific data is available regarding the grouper in Indonesia, including their identification. In most fish landing sites across Indonesia, the groupers are morphologically identified and recorded as "kerapu" to replace their scientific species names. Accurate species identification is essential in designing appropriate and sustainable management of fisheries resources. One of the tools that have been used in fish identification is DNA barcoding. In the last two decades, this molecular method has been applied to identify many fish groups globally, including grouper fish. This study reviewed the DNA barcoding approach in grouper identification in Indonesia based on the available literature. Keywords: DNA barcoding Grouper Molecular Taxonomy Fisheries Indonesia

Near-surface investigation has been carried out in Cot Abeuk, Weh Island, Indonesia. The area is part of the Seulimeum segment active fault, the northernmost branch of the Great Sumatran Fault. We measured two parallel electrical resistivity tomography profiles on the area with the direction perpendicular to the fault strike. The length of profile 1 and profile 2 are 111 m and 125 m, respectively, with 1 meter spacing between electrodes. Along the Profile 2, VLF-EM and Geomagnetic data were also acquired for complementary. The 2D inverted resistivity models show some minor fractures, which can be related to ruptures in the past. The structure was made by weathering rocks, clay and andesite. The models align with the analytic signal of total magnetic field anomalies as well as in-phase, Fraser filter and conductivity model derived from VLM-EM data. Following the successful models, this location is a potential candidate for paleo-seismological excavation.

Coral reef ecosystems have a vital role in waters so that damage to coral reef ecosystems can reduce ecological and socio-economic functions that can impact environmental imbalances, such as reef fish and benthic communities. This study aims to determine the effect of transplant media on the growth rate of the genus Pocillopora coral and see whether it has a significant effect on the rate of coral growth in TWAL Pulau Weh, Aceh Province. The method used is a purposive sampling method in determining stations, analysis using the ImageJ 1.52 application. The results showed that the effect of transplant media on the growth rate of Pocillopora corals were significant differences between structures given an electric current and those not given an electric current with a 95% confidence interval. The average growth value of Pocillopora corals given an electric current is 25.06 mm/month. While the Pocillopora corals that were not given an electric current average growth value was 16.50 mm/month. Keywords: Coral reef Coral transplant Electrical stimulation Pocillopora Imagej

Groupers are among the fish groups that are difficult to recognize due to their high morphological similarities. Therefore, molecular techniques, particularly DNA barcoding, are extensively utilized to differentiate this fish group. This study aimed to analyze and validate six grouper species belonging to the Epinephelidae family that were harvested from Langsa district waters in Aceh province, Indonesia, based on DNA barcode data. It was conducted from June to December 2021, with the fish specimens collected from fishers at fish landing sites and the fish market in Langsa City, Aceh province. A total of 22 grouper sequences belonging to six species were generated, namely Epinephelus coioides, E. bleekeri, E. malabaricus, E. erythrurus, E. sexfasciatus and Mycteroperca poecilonotus (formerly Epinephelus poecilonotus). Genetic distance within these species ranged from 0.10 to 0.73% (average: 0.40%). Notably, E. malabaricus and E. coioides exhibited the closest genetic kinship (4.07%), while E. sexfasciatus and M. poecilonotus displayed the greatest genetic distance (19.33%). This study provides the first DNA reference for grouper in Langsa district, Indonesia, with significant implications for future sustainable grouper management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gibberellin regulates the flowering and fruiting response of fruit-oriented citrus, but there are a lack of studies on the methods for boosting the production of leaf-oriented citrus. This study aimed to analyze the effects of exogenous gibberellins and pruning on the leaf production of kaffir lime. Kaffir lime seedlings, grafted into rangpur lime, were arranged in a split-plot design under an open field condition. Four gibberellin concentrations (control, 0.005%, 0.01%, and 0.02%) and two pruning levels (no pruning and pruning at 30 cm main stem) were subjected to selected seedlings. The result showed a contrasting effect between gibberellin and pruning on the plant height and shoot number. Pruning significantly reduced the flush number, flush length, leaf length, leaf area, and leaf weight by 38%, 44%, 17%, 26%, and 28%, respectively. Without pruning, applying 0.02% gibberellin could produce the longest flush, with an increase in the number and weight of leaves by about 77% and 64%, compared with the control, respectively. Multivariate analysis also confirmed the positive effect of gibberellin on leaf production. However, these positive results are diminished by pruning due to limited source capacity, as indicated by the fewer leaves. Future research is required to analyze whether increasing gibberellin concentrations can speed up the recovery of post-pruned kaffir lime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]