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Objectives A thorough understanding of user needs and behavioural intent-to-use underpins the development of a responsive health information system. This study aimed to examine health workers’ intent-to-use an electronic health record (EHR) system in an urban, rural and remote setting in the Philippines.Methods Following the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology framework, user acceptance and the factors influencing intent-to-use the EHR were examined through a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 128 EHR users, comprising physicians, nurses, midwives, barangay health workers and administrative staff, were surveyed. Median scores for each domain were compared across the sites using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Ridge regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with behavioural intent-to-use.Results Over 94% of users across all sites reported their intent-to-use the EHR in the near future. Of the seven predictor variables examined, only self-efficacy was found to be significantly associated with behavioural intent-to-use. Intent-to-use the EHR increased by 31% (p=0.007) for each unit increase in self-efficacy score among participants.Discussion Acceptance was high across the three sites, with self-efficacy being a predictor of intent-to-use the technology. This suggests that users are more likely to adopt an EHR if they believe they have the capacity to successfully navigate the technology and perform their designated tasks with it.Conclusion Co-producing interventions with primary care providers is crucial in sustaining EHR systems. Rather than developing a technology based on the surveillance needs of policymakers, an EHR developed from the grassroots was shown to be well-received by end-users.

Introduction Strengthening primary care helps address health inequities that continue to persist in the Philippines. The Philippine Primary Care Studies pilot-tested interventions to improve the primary care system. One intervention was the provision of a free subscription to an electronic decision support application called UpToDate (UTD) for primary care providers (PCPs), including doctors, nurses, midwives and community health workers (CHWs). This study aimed to (1) assess the feasibility of using UTD as information source for PCPs in urban, rural and remote settings, (2) determine the acceptability of UTD as an information source for PCPs and (3) examine the impact of UTD access on PCP clinical decision-making.Methods Four focus group discussions (FGDs) and two key informant interviews (KII) were conducted to gather insights from 30 PCPs. Thematic analysis through coding in NVivo V.12 was done using the technology acceptance model (TAM) as a guiding framework.Results All PCPs had positive feedback regarding UTD use because of its comprehensiveness, accessibility, mobility and general design. The participants relayed UTD’s benefit for point-of-contact use, capacity-building and continuing professional development. PCPs across the three sites, including CHWs with no formal medical education, were able to provide evidence-based medical advice to patients through UTD. However, external factors in these settings impeded the full integration of UTD in the PCPs’ workflow, including poor internet access, unstable sources of electricity, lack of compatible mobile devices and the need for translation to the local language.Conclusion UTD was a feasible and acceptable clinical decision support tool for the PCPs. Factors affecting the feasibility of using UTD include technological and environmental factors (ie, internet access and the lack of translation to the local language), as well as the organisational structure of the primary care facility which determines the roles of the PCPs. Despite the difference in roles and responsibilities of the PCPs, UTD positively impacted decision-making and patient education for all PCPs through its use as a point-of-contact tool and a tool for capacity-building.

Abstract Background Inequities in health access and outcomes persist in low- and middle-income countries. While strengthening primary care is integral in improving patient outcomes, primary care networks remain undervalued, underfunded, and underdeveloped in many LMICs such as the Philippines. This paper underscores the value of strengthening primary care system interventions in LMICs by examining their impact on job satisfaction and intention to stay among healthcare workers in the Philippines. Methods This study was conducted in urban, rural, and remote settings in the Philippines. A total of 36 urban, 54 rural, and 117 remote healthcare workers participated in the study. Respondents comprised all family physicians, nurses, midwives, community health workers, and staff involved in the delivery of primary care services from the sites. A questionnaire examining job satisfaction (motivators) and dissatisfaction (hygiene) factors was distributed to healthcare workers before and after system interventions were introduced across sites. Interventions included the introduction of performance-based incentives, the adoption of electronic health records, and the enhancement of diagnostic and pharmaceutical capabilities over a 1-year period. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test and a McNemar’s chi-square test were then conducted to compare pre- and post-intervention experiences for each setting. Results Among the factors examined, results revealed a significant improvement in perceived compensation fairness among urban (p = 0.001) and rural (p = 0.016) providers. The rural workforce also reported a significant improvement in medicine access (p = 0.012) post-intervention. Job motivation and turnover intention were sustained in urban and rural settings between periods. Despite the interventions introduced, a decline in perceptions towards supply accessibility, job security, and most items classified as job motivators was reported among remote providers. Paralleling this decline, remote primary care providers with the intent to stay dropped from 93% at baseline to 75% at endline (p < 0.001). Conclusion The impact of strengthening primary care on health workforce satisfaction and turnover intention varied across urban, rural, and remote settings. While select interventions such as improving compensation were promising for better-supported settings, the immediate impact of these interventions was inadequate in offsetting the infrastructural and staffing gaps experienced in disadvantaged areas. Unless these problems are comprehensively addressed, satisfaction will remain low, workforce attrition will persist as a problem, and marginalized communities will be underserved.