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Introduction: contact dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin, generally induced by exposure to extrinsic irritants and allergens. Based on direct interviews conducted by researchers, some salon workers experience contact dermatitis. Symptoms are experienced in the form of small bubbles filled with liquid on the palms of the hands, the skin on the palms feels dry and peeling, and the palms are red and sore due to frequent contact with materials found in the salon. Objective: To determine the factors associated with contact dermatitis in Makassar city salons. Methods: This study used quantitative research methods with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was 60 respondents from 7 salons. The sample in this study was 40 workers. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis. Result: showed that there was a relationship between working period and contact dermatitis (p-value = 0.043 < 0.05), there was a relationship between length of contact with contact dermatitis (p-value = 0.022 < 0.05), there was no relationship between personal hygiene with contact dermatitis (p-value = 1.000 > 0.05), there was no relationship between the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) with contact dermatitis (p-value = 0.638 > 0.05). Conclusion: There is a relationship between the length of work and the length of contact dermatitis in salon workers. It is recommended that salon workers use moisturizer after washing their hands to coat the skin's surface and prevent water loss. Moistors can also be applied to the area affected by dermatitis, which keeps the skin moist so that the recovery process will be faster. Make sure to use a fragrance-free, alcohol-free moisturizer, and hypoallergenic so as not to irritate the skin even more.

Introduction: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is one of the most common problems in the upper extremities caused by the narrowing of the carpal tunnel, which results in pressure on the median nerve. Increased pressure in the carpal tunnel causes compression and damage to the median nerve. Objective: determinants associated with carpal tunnel syndrome . Methods: quantitative research with a cross-sectional research design. The sampling technique in this study used a total sampling technique in which the entire population is equal to the number of samples, namely 36 people. Data obtained by using a questionnaire. The analytical method used was univariate and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test. Result: showed that there was a relationship between length of work and carpal tunnel syndrome (p-value = 0.0190. There is a relationship between age and complaints of carpal tunnel syndrome (p-value = 0.032. There is no relationship between personal protective equipment and complaints of carpal tunnel syndrome (p-value = 0.759). There is no relationship between repetitive movements and carpal tunnel syndrome (p-value = 0.787. Conclusion: It was concluded that there is a relationship between length of service and carpal tunnel syndrome complaints, there is a relationship between age and carpal tunnel syndrome complaints and there is no relationship between body mass index and carpal tunnel syndrome complaints . In this study, researchers suggest to companies to pay more attention to employees who have a long working period so as not to do excessive work and for employees to take advantage of adequate rest time to minimize the occurrence of complaints of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS).

Desa Onembute Kecamatan Besulutu Kabupaten Konawe merupakan salah satu desa yang rentan terhadap penyebaran hoax. Hoax dapat berdampak negatif pada kehidupan sosial, ekonomi, dan politik. Tujuan tulisan ini untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat di Desa Onembute tentang bahaya hoax dan mendorong penggunaan kearifan lokal sebagai filter informasi. Adapun metode yang diguanakan adalah sosialisasi tentang bahaya hoax dan bagaimana cara mengidentifikasi informasi yang benar. Hasil temuan dari pengabdian ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat Desa Onembute tentang bahaya hoax serta mendorong mereka untuk menggunakan kearifan lokal seabagi filter informasi. Kesimpulan dalam pengabdian ini bahwa kearifan lokal dapat menjadi alat yang efektif untuk mencegah dampak negatif hoax di masyarakat. Pengabdian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi model bagi desa-desa lain dalam menghadapi tantangan penyebaran hoax di era digital melalui kearifan lokal, seperti: Kalosara (Tolaki), Budaya Siri (Bugis), Mappasili, Sipakatau, Tellu Cappa (Makassar-Bugis), Pela Gandong (Maluku), Siri Na’ Pace (Bugis), Tepo Selira (Jawa).

Industrial welding is a workplace with a high risk of causing health problems and work fatigue. Welding smoke contains dust and gas; this content can later cause several disorders, such as conjunctivitis. This study aims to determine the factors associated with irritant conjunctivitis in welding workers at PT. Indonesian Ship Industry (Persero) Makassar City. This type of research is quantitative with a cross-sectional study design. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical test. The population in this study were welding workers at PT. Indonesian Ship Industry (Persero) Makassar City. The research sample is all welding workers at PT—Indonesian Ship Industry (Persero) Makassar City, totalling 40 workers taken using the total sampling method. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between exposure to welding fumes (p=0.000), use of PPE (p=0.025) and irritant conjunctivitis and no significant relationship between knowledge (p=0.509) and irritant conjunctivitis. This study concludes that a relationship exists between exposure to welding fumes, use of PPE and irritant conjunctivitis in welding workers at PT. Indonesian Ship Industry (Persero) Makassar City.

Heat strain is the body's physiological response to heat stress received by a person. This research is a type of quantitative research with a cross-sectional study approach. The sampling technique in this study was random sampling with a total sample of 80 respondents. They are collecting data using questionnaires and interviews. Methods of data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis with Chi-square test at 95% confidence level (p=0.05). The results showed a significant relationship between drinking water consumption and the heat strain factor (p=0.001); there was no relationship between the length of work and the heat strain factor (p=0.455) for workers in the production division at PT. IKI (Persero) 2023. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between the variable consumption of drinking water and the heat strain factor, and there is no relationship between the length of work and the heat strain factor in workers in the production division of PT. IKI (Persero). Suggested: There is a need for special attention from the agency on the importance of controlling heat stress to reduce the risk of occupational diseases in production workers at PT. IKI (Persero).

JSA is a comprehensive approach to identifying, analyzing, and formulating corrective measures to reduce dangerous risks while working. This study aims to determine the application of job safety analysis to work accidents in the refinery section of Pt. Aneka Tambang UBPN Kolaka in 2023. The type of research used is quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study is all workers in the refinery section of PT. ANTAM UBPN Kolaka has 78 workers. Data were taken using questionnaires and analyzed with univariate and bivariate tests with confidence levels α=0.05. The results of this study showed that the variables that have a significant relationship with work accidents in workers are hazard identification, with a p-value of 0.005; risk assessment, with a p-value of 0.035; and risk control, with a p-value of 0.023. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between hazard identification and risk assessment with work accidents in the refinery section. It is recommended that refinery supervisors provide education about hazards and risks, which is very important to prevent occupational accidents and carry out occupational safety and health properly and correctly

Background and study aims Credentialing, the process through which an institution assesses and validates an endoscopist’s qualifications to independently perform a procedure, can vary by region and country. Little is known about these inter-societal and geographic differences. We aimed to systematically characterize credentialing recommendations and requirements worldwide. Methods We conducted a systematic review of credentialing practices among gastrointestinal and endoscopy societies worldwide. An electronic search as well as hand-search of World Endoscopy Organization members’ websites was performed for credentialing documents. Abstracts were screened in duplicate and independently. Data were collected on procedures included in each document (e. g. colonoscopy, ERCP) and types of credentialing statements (procedural volume, key performance indicators (KPIs), and competency assessments). The primary objective was to qualitatively describe and compare the available credentialing recommendations and requirements from the included studies. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data when appropriate. Results We screened 653 records and included 20 credentialing documents from 12 societies. Guidelines most commonly included credentialing statements for colonoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), and ERCP. For colonoscopy, minimum procedural volumes ranged from 150 to 275 and adenoma detection rate (ADR) from 20 % to 30%. For EGD, minimum procedural volumes ranged from 130 to 1000, and duodenal intubation rate of 95 % to 100%. For ERCP, minimum procedural volumes ranged from 100 to 300 with selective duct cannulation success rate of 80 % to 90 %. Guidelines also reported on flexible sigmoidoscopy, capsule endoscopy, and endoscopic ultrasound. Conclusions While some metrics such as ADR were relatively consistent among societies, there was substantial variation among societies with respect to procedural volume and KPI statements.

The World Bank states that the habits of Indonesians who throw garbage at random are 70.31% so that Indonesia is the third dirtiest country in the world (Jastam, 2015). It is estimated that Indonesia's population in 2025 is 270 million people and is predicted to produce as much as 130,000 tons of waste per day. The garbage can be sourced from community activities, such as car-free days. Community behavior can influence the community's intention to dispose of garbage in its place for visitors of free car days. The purpose of this study was to find factors related to the intention to throw garbage in its place by car-free day visitors of Losari Beach Makassar City in 2017. The research design used was a cross-sectional study, where respondents in this study were car-free day visitors at Losari Beach as population and research sample. Samples were taken as many as 370 people taken in stages for 6 times (3 months) of car-free day implementation. This research is planned to be carried out on Jl. Entertainer (Losari Beach) Makassar City in 2017. Data analysis was carried out in univariate, bivariate and multivariate. The results are then displayed in the form of tables and diagrams are given narration. The results showed that there was no behavioral belief relationship, evaluation of behavioral belief, normative belief with the intention to throw garbage in its place, while motivation to comply (motivation to fulfill), control beliefs (control belief), perceived power is related to the intention to dispose of garbage in its place by visitors to the car-free day at Losari Beach in Makassar City.

Knowledge of reproductive health among adolescents is a matter of great concern for both parents and educational institutes in Malaysia; with the development of self-esteem in Malaysian youngsters. Lack of reproductive knowledge may lead to a plethora of issues. Therefore, this study sought to quantify the mediating role of religious knowledge between the knowledge of reproductive health and self-esteem of Malaysian adolescents. The study employed a quantitative research design in which self-administered surveys were used to collect data from 400 high school students belonging to 16 hot spot schools in the Seremban district of Malaysia. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 25 students from each school. Regression analysis revealed that the knowledge of sexuality and reproductive health have a significant impact on the self-esteem of adolescents. Furthermore, mediation analysis also exhibited the intermediary role of religious knowledge between the knowledge of reproductive health and self-esteem of Malaysian adolescents. Suggestions have been given to promote such programs in educational institutes by the ministry of education which would help to promote the reproductive health and self-esteem of Malaysian adolescents keeping in view scientific prospects of religious teachings.

BKKBN Provinces of South Sulawesi suggested that users of Keluarga Berencana (KB) reached 69.31% in 2015 or by 121,892 couples. The percentage of contraceptive usage of 66.7% is still low compared to the target of Makassar City Health Office of 100% in 2015 (Dinkes, 2017) .The use of contraceptives is still low caused by several things, one of them factors from within the couple's age fertile. The desire to be a family planning acceptor is driven by self-efficacy of self-ability to drive motivation. This study aims to analyze the correlation of Self Eficacy against the use of contraception in couples of childbearing age. The research design used was analytic design using Cross Sectional approach done in RW IV, Tallo Village, Makassar City. The population is a Couples Of Childbearing Age as many as 190 people. Data taken by way of interview To answer the purpose of research and hypothesis, data analysis is done by using correlation test. The result of the research found that there is influence of Mastery Experience (pvalue = 0,000), Vicarious Experience (pvalue = 0,004), Verbal Persuasion (pvalue = 0,006), Physiological and Emotional State (pvalue = 0,000) and Self Eficacy (pvalue = 0,000). health in providing counseling following a successful sample of people, and trying to gain the full confidence of the community.

Dermatitis is a group of diseases that are often underestimated, whereas it includes the top 10 diseases suffered by the people of Indonesia. Prevalence in Makassar City, 2014 dermatitis case number 53,365 cases, while in Puskesmas Rappokalling dermatitis cases amounted to 2030 (15.63%) cases. The purpose of this research is to know the correlation of risk factor of individual characteristic, personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, environmental exposure, genetic / heredity, and allergy with dermatitis incidence. The study design used was case control study, where patients who visited the Rappokalling Puskesmas were suffering from dermatitis (cases) and patients who did not suffer from dermatitis (control) as population and sample. The sample counted 64 people (cases) and 64 people (control), so the total sample size was 128 people. Data analysis was done by odds ratio test and presented in tabular form. The results showed that there was a personal hygiene relationship, environmental sanitation (clean water facilities), and allergy to the incidence of dermatitis in the work area of ​​Rappokalling Puskesmas. It is recommended that the government, especially Rappokalling Puskesmas to provide education to the public to always maintain personal hygiene such as cleanliness of towels, body hygiene (bath 2 times a day), hand hygiene and nails (diligent hand washing and cutting nails). The government should provide clean water facilities that meet the requirements of the community and take into account the potential for allergic-related dermatitis.

Introduction: ERCP is important in acute cholangitis (AC) management but is not available at all hospitals. The association between on-site ERCP availability and cholangitis outcomes is unknown. Methods: We included adults diagnosed with AC at 27 hospitals in Ontario through the GEMINI network. We collected data on demographics, clinical and laboratory values, and interventions. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, readmission rates, and requirement for percutaneous or surgical decompression. We used multivariable regression analyses to assess the impact of on-site ERCP availability on the primary and secondary outcomes with adjustment for relevant variables. Results: Our cohort included 4492 patients with a median age of 75. Patients at ERCP sites had higher unadjusted rates of undergoing ERCP (55.7% at ERCP sites, 40.8% at non-ERCP sites). Patients at ERCP sites compared to non-ERCP sites did not have significantly different in-hospital mortality (aOR=2.19, 95% CI=0.86-5.55). Compared to non-ERCP sites, patients at ERCP sites with underlying stricturing biliary disease or pancreaticobiliary malignancy (aOR=1.94, 95% CI=1.14-13.58) or severe cholangitis (aOR=2.17, 95% CI=1.17-4.02) had higher odds of in-hospital mortality. In a post-hoc propensity score-based analysis, there was no significant difference between patients at ERCP sites compared to those at non-ERCP sites for in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: Patients at ERCP sites compared to non-ERCP sites did not have significantly different mortality. The subgroups of patients with underlying stricturing biliary disease or pancreaticobiliary malignancy and severe cholangitis, who have higher mortality at ERCP sites, warrant further study.

This study aimed to measure the pooled estimate of willingness to use HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) (WTUP) among PrEP-naïve United States (U.S.)-based men who have sex with men (MSM). PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched. The search strategy contained the keyword willingness and interest and the MeSH terms for HIV and PrEP. Articles were included if they were published between January 2005 and May 2022, reported quantitative data on WTUP among PrEP-naïve US-based MSM, and were available as full text in English. Meta-analysis was conducted to assess the pooled effect size of WTUP prevalence using a random-effects model, heterogeneity in the pooled estimate was assessed, and subgroup analyzes were conducted. Fifteen studies were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis revealed a pooled prevalence proportion for WTUP of 0.58 (95% CI 0.54-0.61) (or 58 out of 100) among PrEP-naïve MSM. High inter-study heterogeneity (Q = 548.10, df = 19, p  < 0.01, I 2  = 96.53, τ 2  = 0.09) was observed. Age of the study sample and region where the data were collected significantly moderated the pooled WTUP estimate. Age-appropriate PrEP related messaging and a focus on HIV priority areas of the U.S. would be important strategies to improve WTUP among MSM in the U.S. moving forward.

Diabetes self-management or self-care activity related to diet, physical activity, and glucose monitoring, among other things, is recognized as important to effectively managing this condition. The aim of this study was to create an assessment tool for evaluating knowledge and self-management behavior in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) for patients and their providers. The study utilized an online survey with a cross-sectional design of adults diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. The survey consisted of 8 sections and a total of 56 questions, which were designed to measure the participants' current knowledge and behavior regarding diabetes self-management. The total sample size was 306 participants, and the results revealed a significant association between performance on diabetes knowledge questions and self-management behavior (β = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.58; p < 0.001). Furthermore, education had a significant impact on diabetes self-management behavior (β = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.14, 1.03; p = 0.01). Overall, the data indicated that participants who performed well on knowledge-based questions exhibited higher scores in desired diabetes management behaviors. Increasing awareness of this work in the diabetic community could facilitate the clinical encounters between diabetic patients and their healthcare providers, with an emphasis on each individual's needs being taken into consideration.

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we initially aimed to test whether vascular calcification associated with CKD can worsen atherosclerosis. However, a paradoxical finding emerged from attempting to test this hypothesis in a mouse model of adenine-induced CKD., Methods: We combined adenine-induced CKD and diet-induced atherosclerosis in mice with a mutation in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene. In the first study, mice were co-treated with 0.2% adenine in a western diet for 8 weeks to induce CKD and atherosclerosis simultaneously. In the second study, mice were pre-treated with adenine in a regular diet for 8 weeks, followed by a western diet for another 8 weeks., Results: Co-treatment with adenine and a western diet resulted in a reduction of plasma triglycerides and cholesterol, liver lipid contents, and atherosclerosis in co-treated mice when compared with the western-only group, despite a fully penetrant CKD phenotype developed in response to adenine. In the two-step model, renal tubulointerstitial damage and polyuria persisted after the discontinuation of adenine in the adenine-pre-treated mice. The mice, however, had similar plasma triglycerides, cholesterol, liver lipid contents, and aortic root atherosclerosis after being fed a western diet, irrespective of adenine pre-treatment. Unexpectedly, adenine pre-treated mice consumed twice the calories from the diet as those not pre-treated without showing an increase in body weight., Conclusion: The adenine-induced CKD model does not recapitulate accelerated atherosclerosis, limiting its use in pre-clinical studies. The results indicate that excessive adenine intake impacts lipid metabolism., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Padalkar, Tsivitis, Gelfman, Kasiyanyk, Kaungumpillil, Ma, Gao, Borges, Dhaliwal, Nasruddin, Saji, Gilani, Schram, Singh, Plummer and Savinova.)

Background: Vaccinations are successful, cost-effective tools to prevent the spread of certain infectious diseases. Many colleges conduct vaccination campaigns on their campuses for various vaccine-preventable diseases, including measles, mumps, influenza, HPV, and most recently, for SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19. Implementing these campaigns requires substantial effort and understanding their effectiveness is an important factor in justifying these programs., Aim: This scoping review aims to identify, review, and summarize existing evaluation methods for vaccination campaigns on college campuses in order to provide evaluation guidance for institutions planning future vaccination campaigns., Methods: Publications that focused on vaccination campaigns on college campuses for students and/or faculty and staff and described their evaluation methods were included in our analysis. A systematic search of the literature identified 2,101 articles. After duplicates were removed, titles and abstracts were screened, and references searched, 43 articles were identified for full-text review. Sixteen articles provided evaluation information and were systematically reviewed., Results: Interventions targeted a variety of vaccine-preventable diseases, with the majority either aiming to increase HPV vaccine uptake or vaccinate against meningococcal serogroups. Most studies reported on campaigns that included both educational activities and provided vaccinations. Evaluation methods varied widely. Some studies measured vaccine-related knowledge and attitudes. Vaccine uptake was most commonly measured as a simple count of doses administered., Conclusions: College campus vaccination campaigns are evaluated in multiple ways, with little consistency in how the effectiveness of campaigns are measured. There is a need to develop clear evaluation methods for college vaccination programs, especially how to calculate vaccination rates associated with these efforts., Competing Interests: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Marie Barnard reports financial support was provided by Indiana Immunization Coalition., (© 2022 The Authors.)

The diuretic drug amiloride (AMLD), which competitively inhibits the catalytic activity of urokinase plasminogen activators (UPA), was used to study its effects on the proteolytic enzymes implicated in the invasiveness and metastases in a prostatic tumor model carrying two different sublines of adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Our data showed that UPA activity was significantly higher, both in the cytosol and pellet of R3327-AT3, a fast-growing highly metastatic and androgen-insensitive tumor, as compared to the G3327-G subline, a slow-growing nonmetastatic tumor of the prostate. The UPA activity in AT3 tumor dropped when the rats were treated with AMLD for 3 weeks. The UPA activity in the sera and tumor effusions from rats with AT3 tumor was significantly higher as compared to those with G subline tumor. The number of pulmonary metastatic foci was the same in untreated rats as compared to those treated with AMLD. The lymph node inspection after 3 weeks revealed no secondary tumor in the AMLD-treated group. The role of UPA in the metastases of prostate cancer is discussed.