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Degradation and restoration are two central processes within the Great Green Wall initiative in Senegal. Degradation caused by human activities, in interaction with global changes, leads to the loss of habitats and the disappearance of many species. It is therefore necessary to know the state of diversity in order to be able to protect it and better understand how to restore it, notably by re-establishing interspecific interactions within the ecosystems concerned by the restoration. In our study we are interested in the interactions between plants and flower visitors, and more specifically pollinators. A first sampling was conducted in three different localities in the Ferlo in northern Senegal, in order to be able to differentiate the dominant guilds of insects that interact with the flowers of certain trees present in this Sahelian zone. We carried out a rapid sampling of insects interacting with the flowers of four tree and shrub species in flower at the time of the study: Acacia nilotica, Balanites aegyptiaca, Acacia raddiana, Ziziphus mauritania. Four orders of insects are numerically dominant: Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera. Amongst the Hymenoptera sampled, Apoidea, Vespoidea, and Ichneumonoidea have been identified, allowin us to have a first idea of the great diversity and the relative abundances of different wild species present, comprising rich but potentially vulnerable communities. Through this poster, we illustrate and describe the first results on the interactions between these plant species and their flower visitors, which have been little studied in the region., La dégradation et la restauration sont deux processus centraux au sein de l’initiative de la Grande Muraille Verte au Sénégal. La dégradation des terres provoquée par des activités anthropiques, en interaction avec les changements globaux, induit à la perte d’habitats ainsi qu’à la disparition de nombreuses espèces. Il est ainsi nécessaire de connaitre l’état de la diversité pour pouvoir la protéger et mieux comprendre comment la restaurer, notamment par le rétablissement des interactions interspécifiques au sein des écosystèmes concernés par la restauration. Dans le cadre de notre étude nous nous intéressons aux interactions entre les plantes et les visiteurs des fleurs, et plus spécifiquement les pollinisateurs. Un premier échantillonnage a été mené dans trois localités différentes au Ferlo dans le nord du Sénégal, afin de pouvoir différencier les guildes dominantes d’insectes qui sont en interaction avec les fleurs de certains arbres présents dans cette zone sahélienne et plantés dans la Grande Muraille Verte. Nous avons effectué en octobre 2021 un premier échantillonnage des insectes en interaction avec les fleurs de quatre espèces d’arbres et arbustes en floraison au moment de l’étude : Acacia nilotica, Balanites aegyptiaca, Acacia raddiana, Ziziphus mauritania. Quatre ordres d’insectes sont numériquement dominants : coléoptères, hyménoptères, lépidoptères et diptères. Parmi les hyménoptères échantillonnés, des Apoidea, des Vespoidea, des Ichneumonoidea, ont été identifiés, ce qui nous permet d’avoir une première idée sur la grande diversité et l’abondance relative des différentes espèces sauvages, de communautés riches mais potentiellement vulnérables. Dans ce poster, nous illustrons et décrivons les premières observations sur ces organismes et leurs interactions, peu étudiées dans la région.

Soils often dictate the presence of different types of inherent natural communities. In this project we created a table that relates soil series to natural communities found in Florida. Correlation of soil series and natural communities was performed through the synthesis of land management plans, the Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) documentation of exemplary sites, along with the UC Davis Soil Resource Laboratory Soil Web Survey mapping information system (SoilWeb). The GPS coordinates and conservation site names of the selected locations for said soil series are also recorded in this table. Use of this table can help private landowners, land managers, and researchers detect current and former natural communities on sites.

Background and purpose — During the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the teaching centers in Chile have shifted to online resources. We decided to do a survey on orthopedic residents regarding this type of education to assess for strengths and weaknesses of digital education in orthopedic programs. Methods — A survey was performed targeting 110 orthopedic residents belonging to different training programs around the country. 100 residents completed the survey. Results — 86% stated that their programs are using online education. When asked in detail, 86% had been involved in webinars, 28% had received online presentations, 12% had participated in online tests, and 7% had evaluated patients. Webinars were rated (1 = very unsatisfactory, 10 = very satisfactory) with a mean grade of 8.1 (1–10), online presentations 7.3 (1–10), online tests 3.8 (1–8), and online patient evaluations 2.9 (1–9). When asked if, after the end of the pandemic, they would continue using the online modalities, 82% would continue attending webinars, 72% would continue watching online presentations, 27% would continue performing online tests, and 33% of the residents would continue performing online evaluations of patients. Interpretation — Even though resident evaluation of online activities is positive, face-to-face theoretical activities are still valued as a necessary complement for orthopedic residency education.

LA EDUCACIÓN, LA EMPRESA Y LA SOCIEDAD UNA MIRADA TRANSDICIPLINARIA TOMO UNO COLECCIÓN RESULTADO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Primera Edición 2020 Escuela Internacional de Negocios y Desarrollo Empresarial de Colombia – EIDEC www.eidec.com.co Centro de Investigación Científica, Empresarial y Tecnológica de Colombia – CEINCET www.ceincet.com Red de Investigación en Educación, Empresa y Sociedad – REDIEES www.rediee.org Editorial EIDEC NIT 900583173-1 Sello editorial (978-958-52636) ISBN: 978-958-52636-9-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.34893/z3ey-d407 Fecha Publicación: 2020-10-19 comiteeditorial@editorialeidec.com www.editorialeidec.com

espanola planificacion y ordenamiento del territorio debe estar enmarcada en lograr la sostenibilidad ambiental, en donde ademas de garantizar la prestacion de Servicios Ecosistemicos (SE), se consideren los valores de la biodiversidad como factores esenciales para hacer frente a los desafios globales como el cambio climatico y el agotamiento de los recursos naturales. Este articulo propone una diferenciacion entre los Servicios Ecosistemicos (SE) y los Servicios Ambientales (SA), teniendo en cuenta que los primeros corresponden a las funciones biologicas, fisicas y quimicas dentro de los ecosistemas que sostienen la vida y el bienestar del ser humano [10];y los segundos, se refieren a un bien o servicio ecosistemico que primero debe pasar por algun proceso que requiere capital humano para su generacion y disponibilidad para el ser humano [4]. La investigacion tuvo como objetivo elaborar una propuesta de planificacion ambiental para el Paramo de Chontales, a partir del analisis de los servicios ecosistemicos y ambientales que presta este ecosistema. El estudio busco identificar el estado de salud de su Estructura Ecologica Principal (EEP); las presiones que se ejercen sobre sus componentes; las formas de apropiacion cultural del territorio y los Servicios Ambientales y Ecosistemicos que presta el Paramo de Chontales. Para lograr lo anterior, se realizo una visita de campo y se aplicaron diferentes metodologias, tales como: analisis de funciones y servicios ecosistemicos propuesto por Groot 2006; evaluacion de fuerzas motrices a partir del metodo DPIRS -Fuerzas Motrices (D), Presiones (P), Impacto (I), Respuesta (R)--; analisis de sensibilidad, que relaciona informacion de los elementos del ecosistema con sus funciones, capacidad de resiliencia y conectividad y un analisis de actores, a partir de matrices de relacion basadas en la ruta metodologica para el tratamiento de conflictos ambientales propuesta por el Ministerio de Ambiente, y Desarrollo Sostenible (2002). Los resultados muestran que este ecosistema cuenta con un alto capital natural que puede ser analizado desde el punto de vista de pago por servicios Ecosistemicos como una alternativa de planificacion sostenible del territorio, que involucre: una gestion ambiental, en donde se respeten las territorialidades que en el se presentan, se garantice que la demanda ambiental se mantenga; que las actividades desarrolladas por los actores sociales giren en torno a la conservacion del territorio y que se estructuren lineamientos que controlen las presiones que se ejercen sobre el medio natural, a partir del involucramiento de la comunidad en el proceso de toma de decisiones. EnglishTerritorial planning and ordinance must be framed in achieving sustainability environmental, where in addition to ensure the provision of ecosystem services (SE), the values of the biodiversity as essential factors in facing the impacts of climate change. Global challenges such as climate change and the depletion of natural resources. This article proposes a differentiation between Services Ecosystems (SE) and Environmental Services (ES), taking into account The first ones correspond to biological functions, physical and chemical within the ecosystems that sustain the life and well-being of the human being [10]; and the second ones, are refers to an ecosystem service or a resource that must first be go through some process that requires human capital for their generation and availability to human beings [4]. The objective of the research was to elaborate a proposal of environmental planning for the Chontales moorland, starting with the analysis of the ecosystem and environmental services it is providing this ecosystem. The study sought to identify the state of health of its Main Ecological Structure (PES); the pressures it faces. are exerted on its components; the forms of appropriation of the territory and the Environmental and Ecosystem Services on loan from the Chontales moorland. In order to achieve the above, it is carried out a fieldwork visit and applied different methodologies, such as: analysis of ecosystem functions and services proposed by Groot 2006; assessment of driving forces a using the DPIRS method - Motive Forces (D), Pressures (P), Impact (I), Response (R)--; sensitivity analysis, relating information on the elements of the ecosystem with their functions, resilience and connectivity, and analysis of actors, based on relationship matrices based on the route. methodology for the treatment of environmental conflicts proposed by the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development (2002). The results show that this ecosystem has a high natural capital that can be analyzed from the point of view of payment for Ecosystem Services as a planning alternative sustainable development of the territory, involving: environmental management, where the territorialities that are respected in it that the environmental demand is maintained; that the activities developed by the social actors revolve around the conservation of the territory and that they be structured in such a way that guidelines to control the pressures on the environment., based on the involvement of the community in the decisionmaking process.

The traditional structure of families is undergoing profound changes, causing the so-called &ldquo, crisis of family care.&rdquo, This study describes the experiences and emotions of the family member who hires migrant caregivers for the older people. This is a qualitative study using a phenomenological design with nine women participants between 53 and 72 years of age. The data collection was carried out through two in-depth interviews and a focus group. There were three major topics: (1) the women in this study recognized that they were not able to take care of the family member directly, due to their responsibilities as female workers and mothers. The fact that migrant caregivers were chosen was conjunctural, where economic reasons were more important. (2) The family members supported the caregivers by teaching them about care and also resolving conflicts produced by culture shock. (3) Trusting the caregiver was a gradual process, the family members felt a complex set of emotions (insecurity, gratitude for the help, moral obligation). In conclusion, they wanted a caregiver who would provide the elder dependent with the love and compassion that they, as daughters, would provide if they had time to do so. The family became the caregiver&rsquo, s managers and assumed the responsibility of training and helping them.

As mango leaf tea contains mangiferin and other bioactive compounds, this study investigated its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects on rats with high-fat induced obesity. Three groups were established: a control group (AIN93M diet), an obese group (high-fat diet HFD) and a treatment group (HFD with mango leaf tea for 8 weeks). Mango leaf tea increased antioxidant enzymes, total antioxidant capacity, AdipoR2 and PPAR-α mRNA and proteins expressions and, it also inhibited the NF-κB p65 and SREBP1c genes expressions in the liver. This beverage also leads to Cpt1 overexpression and a significant decrease in the accumulation of fat droplets, improving the hepatic steatosis. Molecular docking suggested a positive interaction between mangiferin, the main bioactive compound of mango leaf tea, and PPAR-α. Mango leaf tea exhibited a hepatoprotective effect through activating PPARα and decreasing the NF-κB p65 expressions, reducing oxidative stress and steatosis, and improving the lipid metabolism.

Objetivo: el intento de suicidio tiene un carácter multifactorial, elemento de gran importancia para la Salud Pública en aras de prevenir su desenlace fatal. De esta manera se caracteriza el intento suicida en pacientes del Instituto del Sistema Nervioso en Pereira (Risaralda, Colombia) entre los años 2013-2014. Metodología: estudio de tipo retrospectivo de corte transversal analítico, se incluyen 73 historias clínicas de personas entre 12 años o más, con antecedentes de hospitalización que hayan presentado un intento de suicidio. Se excluyen historias clínicas incompletas y con enfermedades psiquiátricas orgánicas. Resultados: el sexo femenino con un 60.3% fue el más frecuente, la edad promedio es 33.16±16.1 años. El mecanismo de intento de suicidio más utilizado son medicamentos en un 45.2%; la residencia con 69.7% es el sitio donde más se cometen actos autolesivos, el conflicto familiar es el factor precipitante más frecuente en un 42.6%. La población soltera representa un 58.9%, la marihuana es la droga psicoactiva con mayor consumo en un 21.9% y la depresión es el trastorno psiquiátrico más frecuente con 61.8%. Conclusiones: los medicamentos para la realización del intento de suicidio continúan siendo el primer método autolesivo no letal, el sitio para cometerlo es la residencia donde el principal factor precipitante es el conflicto familiar. En este estudio se encuentra una mayor proporción de eventos entre los 21 y 65 años, que difiere de otros registros donde es más frecuente en adolescentes. Es importante conocer las variables que caracterizan el intento suicida, con el fin de generar un impacto mayor en la población categorizada como de riesgo.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ethanol extract of bacupari peel (EEB) on the adiposity and inflammation modulation in obese Wistar rats. The group treated with high fat diet plus EEB (BHFD) presented weight gain, visceral fat, and lee, and an adiposity index similar to the negative control group (AIN-93M). Also, the BHFD group showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect, increase of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression, and decreasing expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), and reduced the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), blood levels of glucose, alanine aminotransferase, and adipocyte hypertrophy. The molecular docking showed that morelloflavone and 7-epiclusianone compounds from bacupari extract interacted with PPAR-γ receptor, hydrophobic interaction, indicating an agonist activity of these compounds. Thus, we demonstrated that extract of bacupari presented anti-obesity activities.

Densities ρ and viscosity η of the [chloroform (1) + di-isopropyl ether (DIPE) (2) + 1-propanol (3)] ternary system have been measured at 298.15 K and pressure of 960 hPa using an Anton Paar DMA 500 stavigmeter. Excess molar volumes VE and viscosity deviation Δη were calculated. The excess molar volume VE and viscosity deviation Δη for binary and ternary systems were correlated by a Redlich-Kister and Nagata and Tamura type equation. Also, the ternary excess molar volume and viscosity deviation Y123 E were predicted using the Radojković equation. From the macroscopic behavior inferences were made about the molecular interactions in the ternary mixture. Fil: Medina Naessens, Ruth Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Física del Noroeste Argentino. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Física del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina Fil: Clará, René Amadeo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Física del Noroeste Argentino. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Física del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina Fil: Gómez Marigliano, Ana Clelia. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Física del Noroeste Argentino. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Física del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a group of tropical infections especially endemic to low-income populations from developing regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Together, this group of tropical infections is responsible for an estimated value ranging from 500,000 to 1 million deaths per year and is also responsible for a higher global burden than HIV-AIDS. In addition, this group of diseases (NTDs) is defined differently by different authors. Since we highlight helminthiases as the most important among them, this chapter will focus on secondary metabolites, enzymes, and even certain fungi on onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, taeniasis/cysticercosis, lymphatic filariasis, food-borne trematodiases and soil-transmitted helminthiasis, and their vectors control. In the latest survey done by the World Health Organization (WHO) a worrying statistic was revealed highlighting the occurrence of 800 million infections by Ascaris spp., 600 million hookworm infections, and 600 million whipworm infections. Added to this, at least ¼ of the world's population has some type of gastrointestinal parasitosis. These diseases affect the poorest portion of the population in the least developed countries and, as a result, do not constitute a lucrative market for the pharmaceutical industry. So what to do? Researchers around the world unanimously agree that the main fighting measures against NTDs are the use of anthelmintic drugs, acting in worms’ destruction. However, when indiscriminately used, these drugs can lead to parasite resistance, reducing treatment effectiveness. Thus, it is necessary to develop new helminthiasis control methods. Natural products derived from fungi are an alternative for treatment and for environmental control of helminthiases. These fungal products can be secondary metabolites, enzymes, and certain fungi. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is to give an overview on natural products derived from fungi which can be applied in helminthic infections treatment both in humans and animals of economic interest, and to point out new perspectives on this matter.

Density, viscosity and refractive index measurements in the T=[288.15 to 303.15] K range of pure chloroform and di-isopropyl ether, as well as of the binary system [x1 chloroform+(1-x1) di-isopropyl ether (DIPE)] over the whole concentration range at T=298.15 K were made. The experimental results for the pure components were fitted to empirical equations. Calculated values are in agreement with the experimental ones. Data of the binary mixture were further used to calculate the excess molar volume, refractive index deviations and viscosity deviations. Excess molar enthalpy at T=(298 ±1) K and vapor-liquid equilibrium measurements at T=(313.15 ±0.05) K were also measured for the binary system. Activity coefficients and the excess molar Gibbs energy are calculated. This binary system shows strong negative deviations from ideality and exhibits a minimum pressure azeotrope, whose coordinates are: P=(32.90 ± 0.05) kPa and x1=(0.402 ±0.002). Excess and deviation properties were fitted to the Redlich-Kister polynomial relation.The optimized structures and vibrational frequencies for DIPE, chloroform and their 1:1 complex were calculated by means of density functional theory (DFT) techniques using the B3LYP functional combined with the 6-31G(d,p) basis set.Raman and FT-infrared spectra of pure chloroform (1) and DIPE (2), as well as of the binary system were recorded.The recorded Raman and FTIR spectra confirm the existence of these type of hydrogen-bonded complexes. The ideal associated solution model was used to calculate the equilibrium constants, which compares well with results obtained from spectroscopic data and the enthalpy of formation of the hydrogen bond. Fil: Gómez Marigliano, Ana Clelia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología. Departamento de Física; Argentina Fil: Medina Naessens, Ruth Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología. Departamento de Física; Argentina

El linfoma primario de hueso es una enfermedad infrecuente, que tiene una presentación y evolución diferente a los linfomas de otras localizaciones. Se presenta un caso de linfoma primario de hueso de localización craneana y esternal de rápido crecimiento. En su evolución, realizada la exéresis de la lesión primaria de calota, presentó aparición de nuevas lesiones de rápido crecimiento a nivel craneano y fémur y progresión de lesión preesternal que, con anatomía patológica de linfoma no Hodgkin difuso de células grandes B, inició R-CHOPP (ciclofosfamida, doxorrubicina, vincristina, prednisona y rituximab) con rápida disminución de todas las lesiones sin evidencia de progresión al cabo de los seis ciclos.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior A obesidade é uma alteração metabólica caraterizada pelo acúmulo de gordura corporal, sendo causada por fatores genéticos e ambientais (comportamento alimentar inadequado, sedentarismo). Está associada aos processos de inflamação, estresse oxidativo, doenças cardiovasculares, diabetes tipo 2, hipertensão arterial e dislipidemia. O presente estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver um chá de folhas de Mangifera indica L. da variedade Ubá, e avaliar seus efeitos na modulação de fatores de risco associados à obesidade, em ratos alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica. Este trabalho foi realizado nos Laboratórios de Nutrição Experimental, Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos, Biodiversidade e Metabolismo e Fermentação da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais (Brasil). Foram preparados chás com folhas jovens e maduras da M. indica, processadas (secas e trituradas) em concentrações de 1,25; 2,5 e 5% (g.mL-1) utilizando as técnicas de infusão, decocção e ultrassom. Foi determinada a concentração de mangiferina (por CLAE), sendo selecionado o chá com maior eficácia na obtenção desta xantona para o estudo de efeitos biológicos. O chá com teor elevado de mangiferina foi caracterizado determinando-se pH, fenólicos totais (utilizando o reagente de Folin-Ciocalteau) e atividade antioxidante (teste de retirada do radical DPPH). Também foi analisada a estabilidade oxidativa do chá por meio da quantificação de mangiferina, fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante, utilizando dois tratamentos de conservação (refrigeração 4 ± 2°C e temperatura ambiente 20 ± 2°C) nos tempos 0, 24 e 48 horas. Finalmente, uma análise sensorial foi realizada para avaliar a aceitação do chá pelos consumidores. Para o ensaio biológico, ratos machos Wistar adultos foram alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica (n=16) durante sete semanas para induzir a obesidade. Finalizado este período, os ratos foram divididos considerando a homogeneidade dos fatores de risco metabólico (peso corporal, glicemia de jejum e Índice Lee) em dois grupos (n=8): dieta hiperlipídica (HFD) e dieta hiperlipídica suplementada com 50 mL de chá, em substituição à água (HFD-TT). Um grupo controle (n=8) recebeu dieta AIN-93 M. O experimento teve duração de 8 semanas. Foram avaliados parâmetros biométricos, bioquímicos e histomorfométricos. Além disso, foi realizado o teste de tolerância à glicose, controle de consumo de dieta e do chá, e foi determinado o nível de expressão de PPAR-γ, FAS e LPL no tecido adiposo epididimal. Os resultados foram analisados por meio de análise de variância (ANOVA) seguida dos testes Tukey ou Dunnett (paramétricos) e Dunn’s (não paramétricos). Os dados foram expressos como média ± desvio padrão ou média ± erro padrão. O nível de significância utilizado em todas as análises foi P

Mangiferin is present in various parts of Mangifera indica L. and has proven biological activities, such as antioxidant capabilities. The aim of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition of teas prepared from M. indica leaves, their potential use as a source of mangiferin and their total phenolic compounds. Teas were prepared with young and mature leaves of M. indica at three (medicinal plant: solvent) ratios utilizing three different preparation techniques. The mangiferin content was analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The tea with the highest mangiferin content was characterized for its total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The oxidative stability was also evaluated by quantifying mangiferin, total phenolics and antioxidant activity using two preservation treatments for 0, 24 and 48 h. Sensory analysis was performed to measure the acceptance of the tea. The type of leaf, preparation technique and concentration influenced the mangiferin content in the teas. The highest concentration of mangiferin was obtained through decoction at a 5% (w/v) medicinal plant concentration. This tea exhibited stability up to 48 h after preparation under both preservation treatments and provided a positive sensory acceptance for consumers with flavors added. In conclusion, teas made from M. indica leaves have great potential as sources of mangiferin and phenolic compounds.

Primary bone lymphoma is a rare disease, which usually has a different presentation and evolution than lymphomas of other locations. We are presenting a case of primary bone lymphoma of rapid growth, in cranial and sternal locations. In its evolution, once the excision of the primary lesion of the skull was performed, the patient presented new lesions of rapid growth at the skull and femur level, and progression of pre-sternal lesion. With large B-cell diffuse non-Hodgkin lymphoma pathology, the patient initiated R-CHOPP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone and rituximab) with rapid reduction of all lesions without evidence of progression after the six cycles.