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7,407 results on '"National Research Council of Italy"'

1. GenLab: Unveiling the Genetic Landscape of Brugada Syndrome: Novel Biomarker Discovery for Precise Diagnosis (GenLaB)

Author: Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari and National Research Council of Italy
Published: 2024

2. Experimentation of an Ankle Mobilization Device for the Rehabilitation of Patients With Acquired Brain Injuries.

Author: National Research Council of Italy and Regione Lombardia
Published: 2023

3. MR Radiomic Features in Prostate Cancer

Author: IBFM-CNR (Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare, National Research Council, Segrate, Italy and Francesco De Cobelli, Head, Radiology Department
Published: 2023

4. Experimental Evaluation of Back Braces for the Treatment of Spinal Deformity Produced With 3D Printing Technology

Author: National Research Council of Italy - IPCB, Orthopedic Center 'Biomedica Su Misura' (Brescia, Italy), Orthopedic Center 'Labsan' (Lecco, Italy), and Politecnico di Milano - DIG Department
Published: 2022

5. Functional and MRI Evaluation of the Robot-assisted and Traditional Rehabilitation Programs on the Muscle

Author: National Research Council of Italy
Published: 2021

6. Rehabilitation Multi Sensory Room for Robot Assisted Functional Movements in Upper-limb Rehabilitation in Chronic Stroke (RehaMSR)

Author: National Research Council of Italy and Dr. Franco Molteni, Clinical Director
Published: 2017

7. Development of an automated multienzymatic biosensor for risk assessment of pesticide contamination in water and food

Author: Institute of Protein Biochemistry – National Research Council, Naples, Italy, Janis Rusko, and Ferdinando Febbraio
Subjects: organophosphate pesticides, biosensing device, thermophilic esterase, environmental monitoring, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract: Abstract The goal of this research is to better address the problems related to the widespread presence of pesticides in the environment. Despite the unquestionable utility of the pesticides against various pests in the agricultural field, most pesticides and the corresponding pesticide residues are toxic to the environment and hazardous to human health. The recent literature on organophosphate compounds emphasises a clear correlation between their use and the occurrence of disorders in the nervous system, especially in children. The conventional systems for the detection and analysis of these compounds are expensive, time‐consuming and require highly specialised operators; moreover, no online automated screening systems are yet available, that would allow the identification and quantification of the presence of these chemicals in samples from industrial sectors such as the food industry. Esterase‐based biosensors represent a viable alternative to this problem. In this fellowship programme, we aim to develop a robust and sensitive methodology that enables the screening of toxic compounds using a streamlined process, using an automated robotic system to achieve a continuous monitoring for risk assessment of pesticides.
Published: 2018
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8. Ecotoxicological testing of sediments and dredged material: an overlooked opportunity?

Author: Heise, Susanne, Babut, Marc, Casado, Carmen, Feiler, Ute, Ferrari, Benoit J. D., Marziali, Laura, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany, RiverLy Research Unit, INRAE, Villeurbanne, France, Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology (Ecotox Centre), Lausanne, Switzerland, Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz, Germany, CNR-IRSA Water Research Institute, Italian National Research Council, Brugherio, Italy, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences [Hamburg], Riverly (Riverly), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Federal Institute of Hydrology, CNR Water Research Institute (IRSA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and Projekt DEAL
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sediment Analysis, Stratigraphy, Aquatic ecosystem, ddc:363.73, Chemical data, Sediment, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Hazard, Bioassays, Ecotoxicological testing, Stakeholders, 13. Climate action, Sustainable management, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, medicine, Environmental science, medicine.symptom, Environmental planning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Confusion
Abstract: Purpose: Basing decisions for the management of contaminated sediments on ecotoxicological data is still often met with skepticism by European stakeholders. These concerns are discussed as they pertain to bioassays to show how ecotoxicological data may provide added value for the sustainable management of sediment in aquatic systems., Materials and methods: Five “concerns” are selected that are often raised by stakeholders. The ecotoxicological practice is discussed in light of the knowledge gained in recent decades and compared with chemical sediment analysis and chemical data., Results and discussion: Common assumptions such as a higher uncertainty of biotest results for sediments compared to chemical analyses are not supported by interlaboratory comparisons. Some confusion also arises, because the meaning of biotest data is often misunderstood, questioning their significance in light of a limited number of organisms and altered test conditions in the lab. Because biotest results describe a sediment property, they should not be directly equated with an impact upon the biological community. To identify a hazard, however, the possibility of false-negative results due to the presence of contaminants that are not analyzed but are toxic is lower., Conclusions: The cost of increased investment in ecotoxicological tests is, in our view, small compared with that of making false-negative assessments of sediment/dredged material that can ultimately have long-term environmental costs. As such, we conclude that ecotoxicological testing is an opportunity for sediment management decision-making that warrants more attention and confidence in Europe., Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Hamburg (HAW Hamburg) (3369)
Published: 2020
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9. A multifaceted approach to enhancement of microwave breast images: Exploitation of magnetic contrast, use of a tissue-dependent mapping technique, and implementation of adaptive algorithmic stopping criteria

Author: Thomson, Doug (Electrical and Computer Engineering) Gilmore, Colin (Electrical and Computer Engineering) Pistorius, Stephen (Physics and Astronomy) Crocco, Lorenzo (Institute for Ectromagnetic Sensing of the Environment, National Research Council of Italy), LoVetri, Joe (Electrical and Computer Engineering), Kaye, Cameron, Thomson, Doug (Electrical and Computer Engineering) Gilmore, Colin (Electrical and Computer Engineering) Pistorius, Stephen (Physics and Astronomy) Crocco, Lorenzo (Institute for Ectromagnetic Sensing of the Environment, National Research Council of Italy), LoVetri, Joe (Electrical and Computer Engineering), and Kaye, Cameron
Abstract: Although microwave imaging (MWI) remains a promising future diagnostic tool in breast cancer detection and monitoring, its progress towards clinical application would benefit from improvement to its relatively low spatial and contrast resolution in delineating healthy and abnormal tissues. Research into multiple quality improvement methods for MWI reconstructions has thus been undertaken, through alterations of an existing finite-element contrast source inversion (FEM-CSI) algorithm that uses a time-harmonic, discontinuous Galerkin formulation of Maxwell's equations (DGM-CSI). Firstly, DGM-CSI has been employed to produce 2D images of the dielectric properties of synthetic breast models at multiple frequencies using a modified frequency-hopping technique that successively introduces alterations to the intermediate reconstructions of the complex-valued permittivity obtained at each of the individual frequencies. Using a tissue-dependent mapping technique, improvement in overall image quality is observed when the imaginary part of a reconstruction is modified to reflect the identical tissue geometry and probable tissue types obtained in its real part, and passed back to the algorithm as the initial guess between successive frequencies. Secondly, related increases in efficiency are noted when this same DGM-CSI algorithm is altered to employ a “frequency cycling” reconstruction technique combined with novel automated stopping criteria. Images obtained from the highest frequency data in a given frequency-hopping sequence are cycled back to the lowest frequency data as new initial guesses to restart multi-frequency inversions. The stopping criteria reduce the total number of algorithmic iterations by determining a suitable time to shift imaging frequencies and globally terminate reconstructions, based on a statistical analysis of a window of past iterations of data error using the two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test. Finally, contrast enhancement using “ferrofluid” c
Published: 2020

10. Technological Parasitism

Author: Coccia, Mario, National Research Council of Italy, Coccia, Mario, and National Research Council of Italy
Published: 2019

11. The Economics of Science and Innovation: New Directions

Author: Coccia, Mario, National Research Council of Italy, Coccia, Mario, and National Research Council of Italy
Published: 2019

12. Matching for Run-Length Encoded Strings

Author: Apostolico, Alberto, Landau, Gad M, and Skiena, Steven
Published: 1999
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13. The Small GTP-Binding Protein Rhes Influences Nigrostriatal-Dependent Motor Behavior During Aging.

Author: Neuroscience Institute - National Research Council of Italy, Pinna, Annalisa, Napolitano, Francesco, Pelosi, Barbara, Di Maio, Anna, Wardas, Jadwiga, Casu, Maria Antonietta, Costa, Giulia, Migliarini, Sara, Calabresi, Paolo, Pasqualetti, Massimo, Morelli, Micaela, Usiello, Alessandro, Neuroscience Institute - National Research Council of Italy, Pinna, Annalisa, Napolitano, Francesco, Pelosi, Barbara, Di Maio, Anna, Wardas, Jadwiga, Casu, Maria Antonietta, Costa, Giulia, Migliarini, Sara, Calabresi, Paolo, Pasqualetti, Massimo, Morelli, Micaela, and Usiello, Alessandro
Abstract: Here we aimed to evaluate: (1) Rhes mRNA expression in mouse midbrain, (2) the effect of Rhes deletion on the number of dopamine neurons, (3) nigrostriatal-sensitive behavior during aging in knockout mice.
Published: 2016

14. Molecular identification of mycotoxigenic fungi in food and feedstuffs

Author: UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy - Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Munaut, Françoise, Van Hove, François, Moretti, Antonio, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy - Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Munaut, Françoise, Van Hove, François, and Moretti, Antonio
Published: 2011

15. Variation in sequence and location of the fumonisin mycotoxin biosynthetic gene cluster in Fusarium

Author: US Department of Agriculture (ARS, NCAUR), Peoria, IL, USA - Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycology Research Unit, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy - Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Plant Research International, Wageningen, The Netherlands - Business unit Biointeractions and Plant Health, Proctor, Robert H., Van Hove, François, Susca, Antonia, Stea, Gaetano, van der Lee, Theo, Waalwijk, Cees, Busman, Mark, Moretti, Antonio, 10th European Conference on Fungal Genetics (ECFG10), US Department of Agriculture (ARS, NCAUR), Peoria, IL, USA - Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycology Research Unit, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy - Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Plant Research International, Wageningen, The Netherlands - Business unit Biointeractions and Plant Health, Proctor, Robert H., Van Hove, François, Susca, Antonia, Stea, Gaetano, van der Lee, Theo, Waalwijk, Cees, Busman, Mark, Moretti, Antonio, and 10th European Conference on Fungal Genetics (ECFG10)
Published: 2010

16. Graph structure-based Heuristics for Optimal Targeting in Social Networks

Author: Massimo Bini, Paolo Frasca, Chiara Ravazzi, Fabrizio Dabbene, University of Tübingen, Dynamics and Control of Networks (DANCE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GIPSA Pôle Automatique et Diagnostic (GIPSA-PAD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), CNR Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering [Torino] (CNR | IEIIT), CNR Istituto di elettronica e di ingegneria dell'informazione e delle telecomunicazioni (CNR | IEIIT), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and ANR-18-CE40-0010,HANDY,Systèmes Dynamiques Hybrides et en Réseau(2018)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Control and Optimization, Computer Networks and Communications, Control and Systems Engineering, Signal Processing
Abstract: International audience; We consider a dynamic model for competition in a social network, where two strategic agents have fixed beliefs and the non-strategic/regular agents adjust their states according to a distributed consensus protocol. We suppose that one strategic agent must identify k+ target agents in the network in order to maximally spread her own opinion and alter the average opinion that eventually emerges. In the literature, this problem is cast as the maximization of a set function and, leveraging on the submodular property, is solved in a greedy manner by solving k+ separate single targeting problems. Our main contribution is to exploit the underlying graph structure to build more refined heuristics. As a first instance, we provide the analytical solution for the optimal targeting problem over Complete Graphs. This result provides a rule to understand whether it is convenient or not to block the opponent's influence by targeting the same nodes. The argument is then extended to generic graphs leading to more accurate solutions compared to a simple greedy approach. As a second instance, by electrical analogy we provide the analytical solution of the single targeting problem for the Line Graph and derive some useful properties of the objective function for trees. Inspired by these findings, we define a new algorithm which selects the optimal solution on trees in a much faster way with respect to a brute-force approach and works well also over treelike/sparse graphs. The proposed heuristics are then compared to zero-cost heuristics on different random generated graphs and real social networks. Summarizing, our results suggest a scheme that tells which algorithm is more suitable in terms of accuracy and computational complexity, based on the density of the graphs and its degree distribution.
Published: 2022
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17. Middle-late Holocene Climate and Hydrologic Changes in the Gulf of Saros (NE Aegean Sea)

Author: Kürşad Kadir Eriş, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Cerennaz Bozyiğit, Luca Gasperini, M.N. Çağatay, Vincent Klein, Gülsen Uçarkuş, Istanbul Technical University (ITÜ), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Istituto di Scienze Marine [Bologna] (ISMAR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: Saros, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Paleoclimate, Gulf of Saros, North Aegean Sea, Drainage basin, Holocene climatic optimum, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Marine sediment core, Geochemistry and Petrology, Deforestation, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Sapropels, Holocene, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Total organic carbon, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geology, Sapropel, 15. Life on land, Geochemical proxies, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Period (geology), Physical geography
Abstract: International audience; A multi-proxy analyses was applied on the sediment core from the Gulf of Saros (GoS) to identify and characterize climate and hydrological changes during the middle-to-late Holocene. The formation of two discrete Holocene sapropel layers in the GoS sediments was documented for the first time in the sediment core based on total organic carbon analysis. According to our paleo-proxy records, the lower Holocene sapropel was deposited under warm and humid climate conditions that gave rise to high delivery of terrestrial organic matter by numerous rivers in the northern catchment of the GoS. Biomarker and μ-XRF data were used to decipher climate variations during the middle to late Holocene. The general trends of sea-surface temperature records from the GoS and Sea of Marmara (SoM) at the 2 beginning of late Holocene are in good agreement, underlying the influence of the Black Sea inflow. A relatively warm and wet climate together with a high sedimentation rate during the mid-Holocene Climatic Optimum resulted in high organic productivity and ensuing formation of the younger Holocene sapropel between 5.4 and 3.0 cal ka BP. Late Holocene European climate periods are evident in the Saros core records. The Roman Humid Period is represented by high variation in climate, indicating an earlier (2.5-2.3 cal ka BP) dry and a later (2.3-1.55 cal ka BP) wet periods. The abrupt return to drier condition during the Dark Ages Cold Period (1.6-1.3 cal ka BP) was followed by a wetter Medieval Climate Anomaly (1.1-0.7 cal ka BP). The paleo-proxy record of the core indicates a passage from a wetter to drier climate during the cold Little Ice Age period (730-110 cal yr BP), and highlights the influence of deforestation in the catchment of the GoS as a result of human activities during the last three centuries.
Published: 2022
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18. Dissolved neodymium isotopes in the Mediterranean Sea

Author: Paolo Montagna, Christophe Colin, Martin Frank, Tjördis Störling, Toste Tanhua, Micha J.A. Rijkenberg, Marco Taviani, Katrin Schroeder, Jacopo Chiggiato, Guohui Gao, Arnaud Dapoigny, Steven L. Goldstein, Institute of Polar Sciences [Venezia-Mestre] (CNR-ISP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Géosciences Paris Saclay (GEOPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Department of Geology [Lund], Lund University [Lund], Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Biology Department (WHOI), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Istituto di Scienze Marine [Venezia] (ISMAR-CNR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The research leading to this paper was funded by the French National Research Agency under the 'Investissements d'avenir' programme (Grant number ANR-11-IDEX-0004-17-EURE-0006) and the INSU LEFE-IMAGO PALMEDS Project. P. Montagna gratefully acknowledges the Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship (Grant agreement 219607, MEDAT-ARCHIVES) for providing financial support at LDEO and is also indebted to L. Pena, Y. Cai and N. Frank for introducing him to the neodymium isotope measurements. Micha Rijkenberg was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) (Grant number 822.01.015, GEOTRACES, the biogeochemical cycles of bioessential trace metals and isotopes in the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea). Thanks are also extended to the captains, crews, chief scientists, and scientific parties of oceanographic cruises Medcor (December 2008, Captain: Vincenzo Lubrano Lavadera), Arcadia (March-April 2010, Captain: Vincenzo Lubrano Lavadera) and Record (November 2013, Captain: Emanuele Gentile) onboard R/V Urania, Meteor 84/3 (April 2011, Captain: Thomas Wunderlich) onboard R/V Meteor and MedBlack GEOTRACES 64PE370 (May-June 2013, Captain: Pieter Kuijt) and 64PE374 (July-August 2013, Captain: Pieter Kuijt) onboard R/V Pelagia. We gratefully acknowledge Mohamed Ayache and Jean-Claude Dutay for providing the model data to produce Fig. 10, Fig. 11. This manuscript benefited from constructive suggestions by four anonymous reviewers and the Associate Editor Karen H. Johannesson. Article finalized and submitted at the time of the Covid-19 pandemics. This is ISMAR-CNR Bologna scientific contribution number 2034., ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), and ANR-17-EURE-0006,IPSL-CGS,IPSL Climate graduate school(2017)
Subjects: Neodymium isotopes, Seawater, Mediterranean Sea, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, 14. Life underwater, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The neodymium isotopic composition (εNd) of seawater is one of the most important geochemical tracers to investigate water mass provenance, which can also serve as a proxy to reconstruct past variations in ocean circulation. Nd isotopes have recently also been used to reconstruct past circulation changes in theMediterranean Sea on different time scales. However, the modern seawater ε Nd dataset for the Mediterranean Sea, which these reconstructions are based on, is limited and up to now only 160 isotopic measurements are available for the entire basin. The lack of present-day data also limits our understanding of the processes controlling the Nd cycle and Nd isotopic distribution in this semi-enclosed basin. Here we present new εNd data from 24 depth profiles covering all Mediterranean sub-basins, which significantly increases the available dataset in the Mediterranean Sea. The main goal of our study is to better characterize the relationship between the dissolved Nd isotope distributions and major water masses in the Mediterranean Sea and to investigate the impact and relative importance of local non-conservative modifications, which include input of riverine particles and waters, aeolian-derived material and exchange with the sediments at continental margins . This comprehensive εNd dataset reveals a clear εNd – salinity correlation and a zonal and depth gradient with εNd systematically increasing from the western to the eastern Mediterranean basin (average εNd = −8.8 ± 0.8 and −6.7 ± 1 for the entire water column, respectively), reflecting the large-scale basin circulation. We have evaluated the conservative εNd behaviour in theMediterranean Sea and quantified the non-conservative components of the ε Nd signatures by applying an Optimum Multiparameter (OMP) analysis and results from the Parametric Optimum Multiparameter (POMP) analysis of Jullion et al. (2017). The results of the present study combined with previously published Nd isotope values indicate that dissolved εNd behaves overall conservatively in the open Mediterranean Sea and show that its water masses are clearly distinguishable by their Nd isotope signature. However, misfits between measured and OMP- and POMP-derived εNd values exist in almost all sub-basins, especially in the eastern Levantine Basin and Alboran Sea at intermediate-deep depths, which can be explained by the influence of detrital lithogenic εNd signatures through interaction with highly radiogenic Nile sourced volcanic fractions and unradiogenic sediments, respectively. The radiogenic signature acquired in the eastern Levantine Basin is carried by the Levantine Intermediate Water and transferred conservatively to the entire Mediterranean at intermediate depths. Our measured εNd values and OMP- and POMP-derived results indicate that non-conservative contributions originating from sediment sources are then propagated by water mass circulation (with distinct preformed εNd) along the Mediterranean Sea through advection and conservative mixing. Mediterranean εNd effectively traces the mixing between the different water masses in this semi-enclosed basin and is a suitable water mass tracer.
Published: 2022
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19. Investigating Mercury's Environment with the Two-Spacecraft BepiColombo Mission

Author: Oleg Korablev, M. Fujimoto, Léa Griton, Cesare Grava, Masafumi Hirahara, Hirotsugu Kojima, S. Barabash, Wolfgang Baumjohann, A. Martindale, Chuanfei Dong, François Leblanc, Chris Carr, S. T. Lindsay, Yasumasa Kasaba, M. Kobayashi, Herbert Lichtenegger, Philippe-A. Bourdin, Karri Muinonen, J. S. Oliveira, Jan-Erik Wahlund, Ferdinand Plaschke, Christina Plainaki, S. M. P. McKenna-Lawlor, Dominique Delcourt, Eric Quémerais, Xianzhe Jia, Dusan Odstrcil, James A. Slavin, V. Mangano, M. G. Pelizzo, Benoit Langlais, Joe Zender, Emma J. Bunce, Ichiro Yoshikawa, Peter Wurz, Stavro Ivanovski, Stefano Massetti, George C. Ho, Y. Saito, Juhani Huovelin, Suzanne M. Imber, Sae Aizawa, Alessandro Mura, Jim M. Raines, Ayako Matsuoka, F. Sahraoui, Karl-Heinz Glassmeier, Pierre Henri, Rami Vainio, Matthew K. James, Rosemary M. Killen, Stefano Orsini, Shahab Fatemi, Tomas Karlsson, Monica Laurenza, Esa Kallio, Christoph Lhotka, Michiko Morooka, Johannes Benkhoff, David A. Rothery, Yasuhito Narita, Michel Moncuquet, Anna Milillo, Alexey A. Berezhnoy, Satoshi Yagitani, Adam Masters, F. Califano, Manuel Grande, Stefano Livi, Daniel Heyner, Emilia Kilpua, G. Murakami, Jan Deca, S. de la Fuente, R. Moissl, Bernard V. Jackson, Kanako Seki, N. André, M. Dósa, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Space Research Centre [Leicester], University of Leicester, Department of Space and Plasma Physics [Stockholm], KTH School of Electrical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH )-Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Space Technology Ireland Limited, Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Sternberg Astronomical Institute [Moscow], Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, University of Colorado [Boulder], European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton University, Department of Astrophysical Sciences [Princeton], Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering [Espoo], School of Electrical Engineering [Aalto Univ], Aalto University-Aalto University, Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center [Sendai] (PPARC), Tohoku University [Sendai], Department of Physics [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Planetary Exploration Research Center [Chiba] (PERC), Chiba Institute of Technology (CIT), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Institute of Physics [Graz], Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Centro de Investigação da Terra e do Espaço da UC (CITEUC), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Italian Space Agency, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth and Planetary Science [Tokyo], Graduate School of Science [Tokyo], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)-The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Space Research Laboratory [Turku] (SRL), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Turku], University of Turku-University of Turku, Physics Institute [Bern], University of Bern, Department of Physics [Imperial College London], Institute of Mathematical and Physical Sciences [Aberystwyth], University of Wales, Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research [Nagoya] (ISEE), Nagoya University, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Graduate School of the Natural Science and Technology [Kanazawa], Kanazawa University (KU), Department of Complexity Science and Engineering [Tokyo], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), European Space Agency (ESA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), University of California, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), The Royal Society, Science and Technology Facilities Council, INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, European Space Research and Technology Centre, IRAP, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Technical University of Braunschweig, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Space Technology Ireland, Open University Milton Keynes, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, University of Pisa, University of Colorado Boulder, European Space Astronomy Centre, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Southwest Research Institute, Uppsala University, Université d'Orléans, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, University of California San Diego, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Tohoku University, University of Helsinki, Chiba Institute of Technology, Université de Nantes, Sorbonne Université, University of Graz, National Research Council of Italy, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, The University of Tokyo, University of Turku, Aberystwyth University, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Kanazawa University, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, BepiColombo, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mercury’s environment, Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, Interplanetary dust cloud, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Exosphere, Magnetosphere, Aerospace engineering, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Scientific instrument, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Spacecraft, business.industry, 520 Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 620 Engineering, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, Mercury (element), Solar wind, Planetary science, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Mercury's environment, Mercury’s environment · Magnetosphere · Exosphere · BepiColombo, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The ESA-JAXA BepiColombo mission will provide simultaneous measurements from two spacecraft, offering an unprecedented opportunity to investigate magnetospheric and exospheric dynamics at Mercury as well as their interactions with the solar wind, radiation, and interplanetary dust. Many scientific instruments onboard the two spacecraft will be completely, or partially devoted to study the near-space environment of Mercury as well as the complex processes that govern it. Many issues remain unsolved even after the MESSENGER mission that ended in 2015. The specific orbits of the two spacecraft, MPO and Mio, and the comprehensive scientific payload allow a wider range of scientific questions to be addressed than those that could be achieved by the individual instruments acting alone, or by previous missions. These joint observations are of key importance because many phenomena in Mercury's environment are highly temporally and spatially variable. Examples of possible coordinated observations are described in this article, analysing the required geometrical conditions, pointing, resolutions and operation timing of different BepiColombo instruments sensors., Comment: 78 pages, 14 figures, published
Published: 2022
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20. Logical and Evidential Inconsistencies Meet: First Steps

Author: Nadia Ben Abdallah, Sébastien Destercke, Anne-Laure Jousselme, Frédéric Pichon, CEA- Saclay (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Heuristique et Diagnostic des Systèmes Complexes [Compiègne] (Heudiasyc), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Scienze Marine [La Spezia] (CNR-ISMAR-SP), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire de Génie Informatique et d'Automatique de l'Artois (LGI2A), Université d'Artois (UA), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: logic, Conflict, Computer science, Knowledge Bases, 02 engineering and technology, belief functions, Dempster-Shafer theory, Data science, inconsistency, Evidence theory, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Logical conjunction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, 030212 general & internal medicine, Information fusion
Abstract: International audience; Measuring inconsistency has been and is still an active research topic in both logic and evidence theory. However, the two fields have developed distinct notions and measures of inconsistency, following different paths. In this paper, we attempt to build some first bridges between the two trends, suggesting some first means for one to enrich the other, and vice-versa.
Published: 2021
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21. Sediment reworking by the burrowing polychaete Hediste diversicolor modulated by environmental and biological factors across the temperate North Atlantic. A tribute to Gaston Desrosiers

Author: Patrick Gillet, Ronnie N. Glud, Gary T. Banta, Erik Kristensen, Martin Solan, Renald Belley, Robert C. Aller, Anthony Maire, Jonas S. Gunnarsson, Michael J. Townsend, Franck Gilbert, Philippe Cuny, Lois Calder, Stina Lindqvist, Xavier de Montaudouin, Emma Michaud, Stephen Widdicombe, Judith R. Renz, Luca Giorgio Bellucci, Stefan Hulth, Karl Norling, Philippe Archambault, Jasmin A. Godbold, Susanne P. Eriksson, Stefan Forster, Nils Volkenborn, Georges Stora, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), University of Southern Denmark (SDU), School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences [Stony Brook] (SoMAS), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Roskilde University, Institut des Sciences de la MER de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Québec-Océan, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Istituto di Scienze Marine [Bologna] (ISMAR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Gothenburg], University of Gothenburg (GU), University of Rostock, Mer, molécules et santé (MMS UCO), Université Catholique de l'Ouest (UCO)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Ocean and Earth Science [Southampton], University of Southampton-National Oceanography Centre (NOC), University of Southampton, Nordic Centre of Earth Evolution (NORDCEE), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences [Stockholm], Stockholm University, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology [Gothenburg], Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Water and Atmosphere [Hamilton] (NIWA), Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Plymouth Marine Laboratory
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Functional response group, Aquatic Science, Intraspecific variation, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Bioturbation, Sediment reworking, Hediste diversicolor, Functional effect group, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, BioturbationSediment reworking, Organic matter, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Nereis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, chemistry.chemical_classification, Biomass (ecology), biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Sediment, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Oceanography, chemistry, Ecosystèmes, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Particle mixing and irrigation of the seabed by benthic fauna (bioturbation) have major impacts on ecosystem functions such as remineralization of organic matter and sediment-water exchange. As a tribute to Prof. Gaston Desrosiers by the Nereis Park association, eighteen laboratories carried out a collaborative experiment to acquire a global snapshot of particle reworking by the polychaete Hediste diversicolor at 16 sites surrounding the Northern Atlantic. Organisms and soft sediments were collected during May – July at different geographical locations and, using a common laboratory protocol, particulate fluorescent tracers (‘luminophores’) were used to quantify particle transport over a 10-day period. Particle mixing was quantified using the maximum penetration depth of tracers (MPD), particle diffusive coefficients (Db), and non-local transport coefficients (r). Non-local coefficients (reflecting centimeter scale transport steps) ranged from 0.4 to 15 yr−1, and were not correlated across sites with any measured biological (biomass, biovolume) or environmental parameters (temperature, grain size, organic matter). Maximum penetration depths (MPD) averaged ~10.7 cm (6.5–14.5 cm), and were similar to the global average bioturbation depth inferred from short-lived radiochemical tracers. MPD was also not correlated with measures of size (individual biomass), but increased with grain size and decreased with temperature. Biodiffusion (Db) correlated inversely with individual biomass (size) and directly with temperature over the environmental range (Q10 ~ 1.7; 5–21 °C). The transport data were comparable in magnitude to rates reported for localized H. diversicolor populations of similar size, and confirmed some but not all correlations between sediment reworking and biological and environmental variables found in previous studies. The results imply that measures of particle reworking activities of a species from a single location can be generally extrapolated to different populations at similar conditions.
Published: 2021
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22. Inverse Pattern Matching

Author: Amir, Amihood, Apostolico, Alberto, and Lewenstein, Moshe
Published: 1997
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23. Discovery of hyperstable carbohydrate‐active enzymes through metagenomics of extreme environments

Author: Carlos M. G. A. Fontes, Annalisa Santangelo, Beatrice Cobucci-Ponzano, Vincent Lombard, Nicola Curci, Rosa Giglio, Marco Moracci, Patrizia Contursi, Luisa Maurelli, Roberta Iacono, Bernard Henrissat, Andrea Strazzulli, Corinna Schiano-di-Cola, Federico M. Lauro, Strazzulli, Andrea, Cobucci-Ponzano, Beatrice, Iacono, Roberta, Giglio, Rosa, Maurelli, Luisa, Curci, Nicola, Schiano-di-Cola, Corinna, Santangelo, Annalisa, Contursi, Patrizia, Lombard, Vincent, Henrissat, Bernard, Lauro, Federico M, Fontes, Carlos M G A, Moracci, Marco, Université de Naples, Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari - CNR [Roma, Italy], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], University of Naples Federico II, Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Université de Lisbonne, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca. Grant Number: PON01_01966, Operative National Programme Research, National Research Council of Italy, CNR Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari [Roma] (CNR | IBPM), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Subfamily, archaea, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], In silico, microbiome, Biochemistry, Deep sequencing, 03 medical and health sciences, lignocellulose, 0302 clinical medicine, Bacterial Proteins, Extreme environment, ORFS, Molecular Biology, Genetics, biology, Temperature, beta-Mannosidase, Crenarchaeota, Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase, Cell Biology, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, CAZyme, 13. Climate action, Metagenomics, extremozyme, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, GenBank, CAZymes, Extreme Environments, Archaea
Abstract: The enzymes from hyperthermophilic microorganisms populating volcanic sites represent interesting cases of protein adaptation and biotransformations under conditions where conventional enzymes quickly denature. The difficulties in cultivating extremophiles severely limit access to this class of biocatalysts. To circumvent this problem, we embarked on the exploration of the biodiversity of the solfatara Pisciarelli, Agnano (Naples, Italy), to discover hyperthermophilic carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and to characterize the entire set of such enzymes in this environment (CAZome). Here, we report the results of the metagenomic analysis of two mud/water pools that greatly differ in both temperature and pH (T = 85 °C and pH 5.5; T = 92 °C and pH 1.5, for Pool1 and Pool2, respectively). DNA deep sequencing and following in silico analysis led to 14 934 and 17 652 complete ORFs in Pool1 and Pool2, respectively. They exclusively belonged to archaeal cells and viruses with great genera variance within the phylum Crenarchaeota, which reflected the difference in temperature and pH of the two Pools. Surprisingly, 30% and 62% of all of the reads obtained from Pool1 and 2, respectively, had no match in nucleotide databanks. Genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism were 15% and 16% of the total in the two Pools, with 278 and 308 putative CAZymes in Pool1 and 2, corresponding to ~ 2.0% of all ORFs. Biochemical characterization of two CAZymes of a previously unknown archaeon revealed a novel subfamily GH5_19 β-mannanase/β-1,3-glucanase whose hemicellulose specificity correlates with the vegetation surrounding the sampling site, and a novel NAD+ -dependent GH109 with a previously unreported β-N-acetylglucosaminide/β-glucoside specificity. DATABASES: The sequencing reads are available in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database under the accession numbers SRR7545549 (Pool1) and SRR7545550 (Pool2). The sequences of GH5_Pool2 and GH109_Pool2 are available in GenBank database under the accession numbers MK869723 and MK86972, respectively. The environmental data relative to Pool1 and Pool2 (NCBI BioProject PRJNA481947) are available in the Biosamples database under the accession numbers SAMN09692669 (Pool1) and SAMN09692670 (Pool2).
Published: 2019
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24. Elemental systematics of the calcitic skeleton of Corallium rubrum and implications for the Mg/Ca temperature proxy

Author: Paolo Montagna, Patrizia Ziveri, M. López Correa, Eric Douville, Nejib Kallel, Julie Trotter, Marco Taviani, Malcolm T. McCulloch, Sonia Chaabane, Cristina Linares, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology [Barcelona] (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Department of Earth Sciences, UR GEOGLOB, Université de Sfax - University of Sfax, Fachgruppe PaläoUmwelt, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)-Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Istituto di Scienze Marine [Bologna] (ISMAR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), The UWA Oceans Institute, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Biology Department (WHOI), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Coral, Analytical chemistry, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Bathyal zone, Petrography, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Mediterranean sea, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Calcite skeleton, Geochemistry and Petrology, Mediterranean Sea, 14. Life underwater, Growth rate, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Corallium rubrum, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Calcite, Trace elements, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Trace element, Geology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Red coral, Growth bands, Temperature proxy, chemistry, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Seawater
Abstract: Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu MdM-2015-0552 The high-Mg calcite skeleton of Corallium rubrum was analyzed from living colonies collected from a wide range of depths (15 m to 607 m) and environmental settings in the Mediterranean Sea. An overarching goal was to better understand the calcification process and incorporation of elements into the slow-growing skeleton of both shallow and deep-water specimens, and more specifically, to clarify the veracity of geochemical proxies for reconstructing seawater temperatures. The coral internal structure including growth bands were determined by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and petrographic techniques. Trace elements (Li, B, Mg, Sr and Ba) compositions of the coral skeleton were obtained by solution and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results show that the skeleton of the deep-water specimens has an internal microstructure similar to shallow-water colonies, with the medullar and the annular zones clearly distinguishable in both shallow and deep-water specimens. In general, the bands of the deep-water samples are very thin and equidistant compared to the irregular banding of the shallow-water specimens. Banding differences relate to the contrasting environmental dynamics, with the shallow-water specimens being exposed to large seasonal fluctuations compared to the relative stable conditions of those inhabiting bathyal depths. The inner medullar and outer annular portions differ in their trace element concentrations: Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Li/Ca ratios are higher in the medullar zone and seem to be influenced by growth kinetics, whereas B/Ca and Ba/Ca are similar in both zones and hence unaffected by growth rate. The variability of elemental ratios is lower in the deep-water specimens. Growth bands are highly correlated to Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Li/Ca, suggesting common mechanism(s) controlling the incorporation of these elements into the coral skeleton. Mg/Ca ratios were especially depleted in the dark bands. Although the mean Mg/Ca of each specimen is positively correlated to ambient seawater temperature, the intra-annual variations and amplitudes differ and do not correlate to the band widths. These findings suggest that intra- and inter-annual variations of Mg/Ca cannot be used to reconstruct a continuous time-series of long-term seasonal temperature records. However, the mean Mg/Ca composition can serve as a valuable proxy to estimate mean palaeoseawater temperature at a given site within the Mediterranean.
Published: 2019
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25. Contrasted mixing efficiency in energetic versus quiescent regions: Insights from microstructure measurements in the Western Mediterranean Sea

Author: Bruno Ferron, Pascale Bouruet-Aubertot, Yannis Cuypers, Katrin Schroeder, Anda Vladoiu, Stephane Leizour, Mireno Borghini, Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Scienze Marine [Venezia] (ISMAR-CNR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Marine Science Institute (CNR—ISMAR), European Project: 654410,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,JERICO-NEXT(2015), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Flux, Stratification (water), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Aquatic Science, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Turbulent diapycnal mixing, Mediterranean Sea, 14. Life underwater, Microstructure measurements, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Richardson number, Turbulence, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Geology, Dissipation, Mixing efficiency, Oceanography, Orders of magnitude (time), 13. Climate action, Turbulence kinetic energy, Thermocline
Abstract: Microstructure and CTD/LADCP measurements from the Western Mediterranean basin east of revealed two types of dynamical regions (Ferron et al., 2017, Geophysical Research Letters, 44:7845-7854, Ferron et al., 2017), contrasted in terms of current magnitude, vertical shear, stratification and turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate: energetic regions (Corsica Channel, Egadi Valley and Sicily Channel) and quiescent regions (Ligurian Sea, around Sardinia, and Tyrrhenian Sea). On average, the current speed and the buoyancy frequency in the energetic regions were twice as large as in the quiescent regions, and the vertical shear was five times as large. Turbulence properties inferred from the microstructure measurements were also contrasted, dissipation rates in the energetic regions being two orders of magnitude larger than in the quiescent regions. The present study investigates the variability of the dissipation flux coefficient, a measure of the mixing efficiency, in a rich assortment of dynamical regimes. This dataset covers the full range of turbulence intensities observed in previous studies based on field measurements, direct numerical simulations, and laboratory experiments alike. The dependency of the dissipation flux coefficient as a function of turbulence intensity for the quiescent and energetic regions frames the previously observed lower and upper bounds, respectively. A contrasting behaviour was revealed between the two types of regions. In the quiescent regions, the dissipation flux coefficient linearly decreases on average by one order of magnitude with turbulence intensity increasing by four orders of magnitude. On the other hand, in the energetic regions the dissipation flux coefficient exhibits a nearly constant value over 4 decades of turbulence intensity, before decreasing for very strong turbulence intensities. In contrast with other studies, this dataset shows no relationship between the Richardson number and the dissipation flux coefficient. This may be due to inadequate vertical sampling resolution of the currents, or to the high diversity of sampled turbulent regimes, contrary to previous studies focused on a single type of dynamical region or framework (such as the thermocline or shear instabilities).
Published: 2021
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26. Anisotropic Transverse Confinement Design for Electrically Pumped 850 nm VCSELs Tuned by an Intra Cavity Liquid-Crystal Cell

Author: Francesco Bertazzi, Benjamin Boisnard, Thierry Camps, Jean-Baptiste Doucet, Benjamin Reig, Véronique Bardinal, Andrea Simaz, Alberto Tibaldi, Pierluigi Debernardi, Michele Goano, CNR Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering [Torino] (CNR | IEIIT), CNR Istituto di elettronica e di ingegneria dell'informazione e delle telecomunicazioni (CNR | IEIIT), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Équipe MICrosystèmes d'Analyse (LAAS-MICA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Department of Electronics and Telecommunications [Torino] (DET), Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito), Service Techniques et Équipements Appliqués à la Microélectronique (LAAS-TEAM), ANR-15-CE19-0012,DOCT-VCSEL,Tomographie par Cohérence Optique portable à source accordable MEMS-VCSEL pour l'analyse de la peau(2015), Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT-CNR), Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Torino] (CNR), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Materials science, Multiphysics, Physics::Optics, Optical power, 02 engineering and technology, semiconductor lasers, Grating, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, Semiconductor laser theory, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 010309 optics, Liquid crystal, law, 0103 physical sciences, Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, liquid crystal devices, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, business.industry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, simulation, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Transverse plane, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, Liquid crystal devices, Semiconductor lasers, Simulation, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; Relying on preliminary experiments, in this work we design a tunable 850 nm laser based on a hybrid combination of a liquid crystal micro-cell with nanoimprinted grating and an electrically-pumped GaAs half-VCSEL. The optical design is challenging due to the inherent tolerances of this hybrid technology, the presence of metals in the cavity and the need for single fundamental extraordinary mode emission over the whole tuning range. To ensure proper operation, we introduce for the first time the new concept of anisotropic transverse confinement design. The overall performance is verified by our multiphysics VCSEL suite. Beyond tuning features, we predict side mode suppression ratio and optical power under all working conditions, comparing the performance of liquid crystals with different clearing temperatures. The results qualifies these lasers as viable tunable sources with interesting performance and complementary features compared to other technologies.
Published: 2021
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27. SERENA: Particle Instrument Suite for Determining the Sun-Mercury Interaction from BepiColombo

Author: Hans Nilsson, R. S. Gurnee, Wolfgang Baumjohann, Howard Smith, Menelaos Sarantos, Mark Phillips, Iannis Dandouras, S. Shuvalov, V. Grishin, D. Moissenko, Stavro Ivanovski, Johan Svensson, John Hayes, Markus Fränz, Stefano Orsini, Francesco Lazzarotto, S. Persyn, Stefano Selci, Rosemary M. Killen, S. M. P. McKenna-Lawlor, V. Mangano, Diana Gamborino, Sándor Szalai, B. Trantham, P. Wilson, M. Oja, M. Cantatore, François Leblanc, Peter Wurz, H. Jeszenszky, Dominique Delcourt, Chuanfei Dong, Helmut Lammer, A. Shestakov, A. Aronica, A. Loose, S. Barabash, H. Fischer, E. De Angelis, M. Famá, M. Wieser, C. Nunez, Harald Krüger, Kerrington D. Smith, George C. Ho, G. Laky, L. Cremonesi, Mats Holmström, Manuel Grande, C. Kürbisch, Raffaella Noschese, D. Toublanc, Fabio Camozzi, C. P. Escoubet, L. Szalai, Francesco Mattioli, P. Wahlstroem, D. Maschietti, James A. Slavin, N. Vertolli, L. Colasanti, Frederic Allegrini, F. Giner, Jean-Jacques Berthelier, W. C. Gibson, Roberto Leoni, Dennis Haggerty, Stefano Massetti, Fabrizio Nuccilli, R. Wallner, S. Zampieri, Anna Milillo, Magda Delva, G. Fremuth, A. M. Di Lellis, Raymond Goldstein, Sara Cibella, Esa Kallio, Greg Miller, Walter Schmidt, Alessandro Gaggero, J. A. Scheer, M. I. Desai, Philippe Garnier, U. Bührke, Shahab Fatemi, Karoly Kecskemety, D. Brienza, Marco D'Alessandro, Adrian Kazakov, M. Leichtfried, Karoly Szego, Stefano Livi, A. Olivieri, F. Tominetti, A. D. Jacques, Alfredo Morbidini, Istvan Dr Horvath, Nikolaos Paschalidis, Daniele Piazza, Ioannis A. Daglis, Alessandro Mura, C. Urdiales, Herbert Lichtenegger, Christina Plainaki, Jim M. Raines, J. Balaz, Rosanna Rispoli, K. C. Hsieh, Kanako Seki, F. Leblanc, Roberto Sordini, J. Ryno, O. L. Vaisberg, A. Varsani, M. D. Bush, Klaus Torkar, M. Ferris, G. Cremonese, Robert E. Johnson, Norbert Krupp, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Southwest Research Institute [San Antonio] (SwRI), Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Space Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW), Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Kiruna] (IRF), Italian Space Agency, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Physics Institute [Bern], University of Bern, HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering [Espoo], School of Electrical Engineering [Aalto Univ], Aalto University-Aalto University, Space Technology Ireland Limited, Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Department of Physics [Athens], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton University, Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC (RSSD), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Institut für Weltraumforschung = Space Research institute [Graz] (IWF), Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto di Struttura della Materia (CNR-ISM), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica [ARGENTINA] (CNEA), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Institute of Mathematical and Physical Sciences [Aberystwyth], University of Wales, University of Arizona, Department of Materials Science and Engineering [Charlottesville] (MS), University of Virginia, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Department of Earth and Planetary Science [Tokyo], Graduate School of Science [Tokyo], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)-The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), EISCAT Scientific Association [Sweden], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Institut für Weltraumforschung [Graz] (IWF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Universität Bern [Bern], University of Virginia [Charlottesville], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), National Institute for Astrophysics, Southwest Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Uppsala University, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, UMR7095, IRAP, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Space Technology Ireland, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, United States Department of Energy, European Space Research and Technology Centre, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, AMDL Srl, University of Colorado Boulder, Slovak Academy of Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Université d'Orléans, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Aberystwyth University, Université Paris-Saclay, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Tofwerk AG, The University of Tokyo, EISCAT Headquarters, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Article, Astrobiology, law.invention, Particle instrumentation, Mercury’s environment, Orbiter, Interplanetary dust cloud, law, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, BepiColombo space mission, Neutral particle, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Spacecraft, business.industry, 520 Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 620 Engineering, Mercury (element), Solar wind, Planetary science, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Physics::Space Physics, Environmental science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, business
Abstract: The ESA-JAXA BepiColombo mission to Mercury will provide simultaneous measurements from two spacecraft, offering an unprecedented opportunity to investigate magnetospheric and exospheric particle dynamics at Mercury as well as their interactions with solar wind, solar radiation, and interplanetary dust. The particle instrument suite SERENA (Search for Exospheric Refilling and Emitted Natural Abundances) is flying in space on-board the BepiColombo Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) and is the only instrument for ion and neutral particle detection aboard the MPO. It comprises four independent sensors: ELENA for neutral particle flow detection, Strofio for neutral gas detection, PICAM for planetary ions observations, and MIPA, mostly for solar wind ion measurements. SERENA is managed by a System Control Unit located inside the ELENA box. In the present paper the scientific goals of this suite are described, and then the four units are detailed, as well as their major features and calibration results. Finally, the SERENA operational activities are shown during the orbital path around Mercury, with also some reference to the activities planned during the long cruise phase.
Published: 2021
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28. A Novel Sensor-Free Location Sampling Mechanism

Author: Katsikouli, Panagiota, Madariaga, Diego, Fiore, Marco, Carneiro Viana, Aline, Tarable, Alberto, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Institute IMDEA Networks [Madrid], inTeRnet BEyond the usual (TRiBE ), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT-CNR), Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Torino] (CNR), University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Denmark, Inria Saclay, NIC Chile Research Labs, University of Chile, IMDEA Software Institute, CNR - IEIIT, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), CNR Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering [Torino] (CNR | IEIIT), CNR Istituto di elettronica e di ingegneria dell'informazione e delle telecomunicazioni (CNR | IEIIT), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: Location Sampling, Human Mobility, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Enery Efficiency
Abstract: In recent years, mobile device tracking technologies based on various positioning systems have made location data collection an ubiquitous practice. Applications running on smartphones record location samples at different frequencies for varied purposes.The frequency at which location samples are recorded is usually pre-defined and fixed but can differ across applications; this naturally results in big location datasets of various resolutions. What is more, continuous recording of locations results usually in redundant information, as humans tend to spend significant amount of their time either static or in routine trips, and drains the battery of the recording device. In this paper, we aim at answering the question "at what frequency should one sample individual human movements so that they can be reconstructed from the collected samples with minimum loss of information?". Our analyses on fine-grained GPS trajectories from users around the world unveil (i) seemingly universal spectral properties of human mobility, and (ii) a linear scaling law of the localization error with respect to the sampling interval. Building on these results, we challenge the idea of a fixed sampling frequency and present a lightweight, energy efficient, mobility aware adaptive location sampling mechanism. Our mechanism can serve as a standalone application for adaptive location sampling, or as complimentary tool alongside auxiliary sensors (such as accelerometer and gyroscope). In this work, we implemented our mechanism as an application for mobile devices and tested it on mobile users worldwide. The results from our preliminary experiments show that our method adjusts the sampling frequency to the mobility habits of the tracked users, it reliably tracks a mobile user incurring acceptable approximation errors and significantly reduces the energy consumption of the mobile device.
Published: 2021

29. Effects of sampling intensity and biomass levels on the precision of acoustic surveys in the Mediterranean Sea

Author: MARCO BARRA, ANGELO BONANNO, TAREK HATTAB, CLAIRE SARAUX, MAGDALENA IGLESIAS5, IOLE LEONORI, VJEKOSLAV TIČINA, GUALTIERO BASILONE, ANDREA DE FELICE, ROSALIA FERRERI, ATHANASSIOS MACHIAS, ANA VENTERO, ILARIA COSTANTINI, TEA JURETIĆ, MARIA MYRTO PYROUNAKI, JEAN-HERVE BOURDEIX, DENIS GAŠPAREVIĆ, ZACHARIAS KAPELONIS, GIOVANNI CANDUCI, MARIANNA GIANNOULAKI, Istituto di Scienze Marine [Napoli] (ISMAR-CNR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: Identification, Environmental Engineering, Anchovy engraulis-encrasicolus, Sardine, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Acoustic survey, spatial sampling efficiency, density-dependent effects, Mediterranean Sea, Uncertainty, Small pelagic fish, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, Habitat, Abundance, Variables, Spatial sampling efficiency, 14. Life underwater, Recruitment, Spatial distributions, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Density-dependent effects, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: WOS:000744169400002; International audience; Acoustic surveys represent the standard fishery-independent method worldwide for evaluating the biomass and spatial distribution of small pelagic fish populations. Considering the peculiarities of the spatial behaviour of pelagic fishes, the efficiency of the survey design in determining their biomass and spatial distribution is related to the ability to capture the portion of the patches accounting for a larger part of the total biomass. However, the spatial structure of the patches could be strongly influenced by ecosystem characteristics as well as by changes in total biomass related to a density-dependent mechanism. This is of particular interest for anchovies and sardines, which are known for their wide fluctuations and high sensitivity to the environment. In this study, we analysed the efficiency of acoustic surveys targeting European anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus) and European sardines (Sardina pilchardus) in 10 different areas of the Mediterranean Sea spanning three years of different biomass levels. Using the geostatistical coefficient of variation (CVgeo) of the average occurrence probability of high/medium density values, we showed different patterns in terms of survey design efficiency among areas and species. Anchovies usually showed a lower CVgeo than sardines in the Alboran Sea. In 4 out of 20 cases, CVgeo values showed a consistent decrease with increasing biomass, while in the remaining cases, the CVgeo did not follow any clear pattern, suggesting the presence of important environmental effects. Higher survey design efficiency was found in highly productive sectors influenced by river run-off, allowing us to hypothesize that higher productivity along with the presence of well-localized enrichment mechanisms could favour a spatially consistent distribution and coherent organization of fish populations, leading to higher precision estimates with a given transect design. While most surveys displayed CVgeo close to 10% or less even at low biomass, indicating generally good performances of the survey design, a few areas exhibited higher CVgeo, yielding a potential need to decrease the intertransect distance, always keeping in mind that any survey should be as synoptic as possible.
Published: 2021
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30. Extremely Overdoped Superconducting Cuprates via High Pressure Oxygenation Methods

Author: Linda Sederholm, Changqing Jin, Andrea Gauzzi, Edmondo Gilioli, Steven D. Conradson, Theodore H. Geballe, Gianguido Baldinozzi, Maarit Karppinen, Aalto University, Washington State University (WSU), Stanford University, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto dei Materiali per l'Elettronica ed il Magnetismo [Genova] (IMEM-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire Structures, Propriétés et Modélisation des solides (SPMS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Inorganic Materials Chemistry, J. Stefan Institute, CAS - Institute of Physics, Sorbonne Université, National Research Council of Italy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto-yliopisto, and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: High-temperature superconductivity, QC1-999, Extreme overdoping, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, cuprates, Crystal, Cuprates, law, Metastability, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, 0103 physical sciences, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, Cuprate, 010306 general physics, Phase diagram, Superconductivity, Condensed matter physics, Physics, Transition temperature, high-pressure synthesis, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, extreme overdoping, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [PHYS.COND.CM-S]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Superconductivity [cond-mat.supr-con], high-temperature superconductivity, Fermi liquid theory, High-pressure synthesis, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Funding Information: Funding: Funding for this work was provided by: Slovenian Research Agency core funding P1-0040 (S.D.C.); National Science Foundation grant no. 1928874 (S.D.C.); Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences contract DEAC02-76SF00515 (T.H.G., S.D.C.; Ministry of Science and Technology of China (C.-Q.J.); Natural Science Foundation of China (C.-Q.J), Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences DEAC02-76SF00515 (T.H.G., S.D.C.). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Within the cuprate constellation, one fixed star has been the superconducting dome in the quantum phase diagram of transition temperature vs. the excess charge on the Cu in the CuO2-planes, p, resulting from O-doping or cation substitution. However, a more extensive search of the literature shows that the loss of the superconductivity in favor of a normal Fermi liquid on the overdoped side should not be assumed. Many experimental results from cuprates prepared by high-pressure oxygenation show Tc converging to a fixed value or continuing to slowly increase past the upper limit of the dome of p = 0.26–0.27, up to the maximum amounts of excess oxygen corresponding to p values of 0.3 to > 0.6. These reports have been met with disinterest or disregard. Our review shows that dome-breaking trends for Tc are, in fact, the result of careful, accurate experimental work on a large number of compounds. This behavior most likely mandates a revision of the theoretical basis for high-temperature superconductivity. That excess O atoms located in specific, metastable sites in the crystal, attainable only with extreme O chemical activity under HPO conditions, cause such a radical extension of the superconductivity points to a much more substantial role for the lattice in terms of internal chemistry and bonding.
Published: 2021
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31. Nonadiabatic coupling of the dynamical structure to the superconductivity in YSr2Cu2.75Mo0.25O7.54 and Sr2CuO3.3

Author: Conradson, Steven D., Geballe, Theodore H., Jin, Chang-Qing, Cao, Li-Peng, Gauzzi, Andrea, Karppinen, Maarit, Baldinozzi, Gianguido, Li, Wen-Min, Gilioli, Edmondo, Jiang, Jack M., Latimer, Matthew, Mueller, Oliver, Nasretdinova, Venera, Washington State University (WSU), Stanford University, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aalto University, Laboratoire Structures, Propriétés et Modélisation des solides (SPMS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto dei Materiali per l'Elettronica ed il Magnetismo [Genova] (IMEM-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Jozef Stefan Institute [Ljubljana] (IJS), Washington State University Pullman, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sorbonne Université, Inorganic Materials Chemistry, CNRS, National Research Council of Italy, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, J. Stefan Institute, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto-yliopisto, and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: X-ray absorption fine structure, Physics, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, superconductivity, Physical Sciences, Commentary, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, tunneling polarons, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [PHYS.COND.CM-SCE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Strongly Correlated Electrons [cond-mat.str-el], dynamical structure, cuprates
Abstract: Significance The Cu extended X-ray absorption fine structure of YSr2Cu2.75Mo0.25O7.54 (with superconducting critical temperature, Tc, = 84 K) and Sr2CuO3.3 (Tc = 95 K) through their superconducting transitions demonstrates that the common factor in superconductivity in cuprates, including those prepared by high-pressure oxygenation, is an internal quantum tunneling polaron in its dynamical structure. In addition, Sr2CuO3.3 is the first material to show a concomitant transformation in this structure involving atom displacements >1 Å that would be expected to modify its Fermi surface, which would complicate the transition beyond a purely electronic one consisting of the pairing of electrons of opposite momentum across fixed electronic states., A crucial issue in cuprates is the extent and mechanism of the coupling of the lattice to the electrons and the superconductivity. Here we report Cu K edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements elucidating the internal quantum tunneling polaron (iqtp) component of the dynamical structure in two heavily overdoped superconducting cuprate compounds, tetragonal YSr2Cu2.75Mo0.25O7.54 with superconducting critical temperature, Tc = 84 K and hole density p = 0.3 to 0.5 per planar Cu, and the tetragonal phase of Sr2CuO3.3 with Tc = 95 K and p = 0.6. In YSr2Cu2.75Mo0.25O7.54 changes in the Cu-apical O two-site distribution reflect a sequential renormalization of the double-well potential of this site beginning at Tc, with the energy difference between the two minima increasing by ∼6 meV between Tc and 52 K. Sr2CuO3.3 undergoes a radically larger transformation at Tc, >1-Å displacements of the apical O atoms. The principal feature of the dynamical structure underlying these transformations is the strongly anharmonic oscillation of the apical O atoms in a double-well potential that results in the observation of two distinct O sites whose Cu–O distances indicate different bonding modes and valence-charge distributions. The coupling of the superconductivity to the iqtp that originates in this nonadiabatic coupling between the electrons and lattice demonstrates an important role for the dynamical structure whereby pairing occurs even in a system where displacements of the atoms that are part of the transition are sufficiently large to alter the Fermi surface. The synchronization and dynamic coherence of the iqtps resulting from the strong interactions within a crystal would be expected to influence this process.
Published: 2020
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32. A data set of sea surface stereo images to resolve space-time wave fields

Author: Pedro Guimarães, Jean-François Filipot, Jae-Seol Shim, Fabrice Ardhuin, Filippo Bergamasco, Alvise Benetazzo, Fabien Leckler, V. A. Dulov, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Scienze Marine [Venezia] (ISMAR-CNR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, Ocean observations, Data Descriptor, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Settore GEO/12 - Oceanografia e Fisica dell'Atmosfera, open data, Context (language use), Library and Information Sciences, 01 natural sciences, Education, 3D wave fields, Space physics, Fluid dynamics, 14. Life underwater, Rogue wave, lcsh:Science, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], 010505 oceanography, Physical oceanography, Space time, Elevation, Breaking wave, extreme waves, Stereo vision, Computer Science Applications, Ocean surface topography, Stereo imaging, lcsh:Q, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Settore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi di Elaborazione delle Informazioni, Geology, Information Systems
Abstract: Stereo imaging of the sea surface elevation provides unique field data to investigate the geometry and dynamics of oceanic waves. Typically, this technique allows retrieving the 4-D ocean topography (3-D space + time) at high frequency (up to 15–20 Hz) over a sea surface region of area ~104 m2. Stereo data fill the existing wide gap between sea surface elevation time-measurements, like the local observation provided by wave-buoys, and large-scale ocean observations by satellites. The analysis of stereo images provides a direct measurement of the wavefield without the need of any linear-wave theory assumption, so it is particularly interesting to investigate the nonlinearities of the surface, wave-current interaction, rogue waves, wave breaking, air-sea interaction, and potentially other processes not explored yet. In this context, this open dataset aims to provide, for the first time, valuable stereo measurements collected in different seas and wave conditions to invite the ocean-wave scientific community to continue exploring these data and to contribute to a better understanding of the nature of the sea surface dynamics., Measurement(s)stereo image • wave height • peak wave period • wave directionTechnology Type(s)Camera Device • computational modeling techniqueFactor Type(s)geographic locationSample Characteristic - Environmentsea surface layerSample Characteristic - LocationBlack Sea • Adriatic Sea • Yellow Sea • Iroise Sea Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12181158
Published: 2020
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33. Towards an End-to-End Analysis and Prediction System for Weather, Climate, and Marine Applications in the Red Sea

Author: Siva Reddy Sanikommu, Samuel Kortas, Jose Carlos Sanchez-Garrido, Ashok Karumuri, Charls Antony, Yixin Wang, Fengchao Yao, Robert J. W. Brewin, Georgios Krokos, Hari Prasad Dasari, Mohamad Mazen Hittawe, Shubha Sathyendranath, Boujemaa Ait-El-Fquih, Yesubabu Viswanadhapalli, Bruce D. Cornuelle, Sabique Langodan, Sarantis Sofianos, Mohammed Abed Hammoud, Omar M. Knio, Samah El Mohtar, Pierre F. J. Lermusiaux, Edriss S. Titi, Raju Attada, Daquan Guo, Shanas Razak, Ganesh Gopalakrishnan, Armin Köhl, Shehzad Afzal, T. R. Akylas, Marie-Fanny Racault, Kostas Tsiaras, Rui Sun, Ravi Kumar Kunchala, Luigi Cavaleri, George Zodiatis, Olivier Le Maitre, Aneesh C. Subramanian, Habib Toye, Leila Issa, George S. Triantafyllou, Trevor Platt, Mohamad El Gharamti, Jingyi Ma, Naila Mohammed Fathi Raboudi, Ivana Cerovecki, Yasser Abualnaja, Khaled Asfahani, Lily G C Genevier, Thang M. Luong, Lawrence J. Pratt, Elamurugu Alias Gokul, Srinivas Desamsetti, Ibrahim Hoteit, Bilel Hadri, Markus Hadwiger, Panagiotis Vasou, Issam Lakkis, Myrl C. Hendershott, Peng Zhan, Vassilis P. Papadopoulos, Dionysios E. Raitsos, Matthew R. Mazloff, John A. Gittings, Clint Dawson, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Saudi Aramco, University of Exeter, Istituto di Scienze Marine [Venezia] (ISMAR-CNR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, National Center for Medium Range Weather ForecastingNational Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Université d'Hyderabad, University of Hamburg, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi), Lebanese American University (LAU), American University of Beirut [Beyrouth] (AUB), Uncertainty Quantification in Scientific Computing and Engineering (PLATON), Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées - Ecole Polytechnique (CMAP), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), University of Colorado [Boulder], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Texas A&M University [College Station], Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), National Atmospheric Research Laboratory [Tirupathi] (NARL), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Coastal & Marine Research Laboratory, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), National Atmospheric Research Laboratory [Tirupati] (NARL), Titi, Edriss [0000-0002-5004-1746], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 13 Climate Action, Atmospheric Science, Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, Environmental resource management, 0207 environmental engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Prediction system, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, 7 Affordable and Clean Energy, 14. Life underwater, 020701 environmental engineering, business, Biological oceanography, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The Red Sea, home to the second-longest coral reef system in the world, is a vital resource for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The Red Sea provides 90% of the Kingdom’s potable water by desalinization, supporting tourism, shipping, aquaculture, and fishing industries, which together contribute about 10%–20% of the country’s GDP. All these activities, and those elsewhere in the Red Sea region, critically depend on oceanic and atmospheric conditions. At a time of mega-development projects along the Red Sea coast, and global warming, authorities are working on optimizing the harnessing of environmental resources, including renewable energy and rainwater harvesting. All these require high-resolution weather and climate information. Toward this end, we have undertaken a multipronged research and development activity in which we are developing an integrated data-driven regional coupled modeling system. The telescopically nested components include 5-km- to 600-m-resolution atmospheric models to address weather and climate challenges, 4-km- to 50-m-resolution ocean models with regional and coastal configurations to simulate and predict the general and mesoscale circulation, 4-km- to 100-m-resolution ecosystem models to simulate the biogeochemistry, and 1-km- to 50-m-resolution wave models. In addition, a complementary probabilistic transport modeling system predicts dispersion of contaminant plumes, oil spill, and marine ecosystem connectivity. Advanced ensemble data assimilation capabilities have also been implemented for accurate forecasting. Resulting achievements include significant advancement in our understanding of the regional circulation and its connection to the global climate, development, and validation of long-term Red Sea regional atmospheric–oceanic–wave reanalyses and forecasting capacities. These products are being extensively used by academia, government, and industry in various weather and marine studies and operations, environmental policies, renewable energy applications, impact assessment, flood forecasting, and more.
Published: 2020
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34. A global analysis of climate-relevant aerosol properties retrieved from the network of Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) near-surface observatories

Author: P. Laj, A. Bigi, C. Rose, E. Andrews, C. Lund Myhre, M. Collaud Coen, Y. Lin, A. Wiedensohler, M. Schulz, J. A. Ogren, M. Fiebig, J. Gliß, A. Mortier, M. Pandolfi, T. Petäja, S.-W. Kim, W. Aas, J.-P. Putaud, O. Mayol-Bracero, M. Keywood, L. Labrador, P. Aalto, E. Ahlberg, L. Alados Arboledas, A. Alastuey, M. Andrade, B. Artíñano, S. Ausmeel, T. Arsov, E. Asmi, J. Backman, U. Baltensperger, S. Bastian, O. Bath, J. P. Beukes, B. T. Brem, N. Bukowiecki, S. Conil, C. Couret, D. Day, W. Dayantolis, A. Degorska, K. Eleftheriadis, P. Fetfatzis, O. Favez, H. Flentje, M. I. Gini, A. Gregorič, M. Gysel-Beer, A. G. Hallar, J. Hand, A. Hoffer, C. Hueglin, R. K. Hooda, A. Hyvärinen, I. Kalapov, N. Kalivitis, A. Kasper-Giebl, J. E. Kim, G. Kouvarakis, I. Kranjc, R. Krejci, M. Kulmala, C. Labuschagne, H.-J. Lee, H. Lihavainen, N.-H. Lin, G. Löschau, K. Luoma, A. Marinoni, S. Martins Dos Santos, F. Meinhardt, M. Merkel, J.-M. Metzger, N. Mihalopoulos, N. A. Nguyen, J. Ondracek, N. Pérez, M. R. Perrone, J.-E. Petit, D. Picard, J.-M. Pichon, V. Pont, N. Prats, A. Prenni, F. Reisen, S. Romano, K. Sellegri, S. Sharma, G. Schauer, P. Sheridan, J. P. Sherman, M. Schütze, A. Schwerin, R. Sohmer, M. Sorribas, M. Steinbacher, J. Sun, G. Titos, B. Toczko, T. Tuch, P. Tulet, P. Tunved, V. Vakkari, F. Velarde, P. Velasquez, P. Villani, S. Vratolis, S.-H. Wang, K. Weinhold, R. Weller, M. Yela, J. Yus-Diez, V. Zdimal, P. Zieger, N. Zikova, INAR Physics, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo] (MET), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Seoul] (SEES), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [Madrid] (CIEMAT), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry [Paul Scherrer Institute] (LAC), Agence Nationale pour la Gestion des Déchets Radioactifs (ANDRA), Iinstitute of Environmental Protection - National Research Institute (IOS-PIB), Environmental Radioactivity laboratory (ERL), Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Energy and Safety (INRASTES), National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos' (NCSR)-National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos' (NCSR), National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Department of Computer Science and Engineering [Minneapolis], University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EMPA), Arctic Space Centre [Helsinki], Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Institute for Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory [Heraklion] (ECPL), Department of Chemistry [Heraklion], University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC)-University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry [Stockholm] (ACES), Stockholm University, South African Weather Service (SAWS), Department of Medicine [New York], Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de La Réunion (OSU-Réunion), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development (IERSD), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Atmosphérique Expérimentale (CAE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NERC National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones (LACy), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France, Institute for Applied Environmental Research [Stockholm], Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), European Project: 654109,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,ACTRIS-2(2015), 10092390 - Beukes, Johan Paul, European Commission, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), CNR - National Research Council of Italy, University of Helsinki, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France, Laj, P., Bigi, A., Rose, C., Andrews, E., Lund Myhre, C., Collaud Coen, M., Lin, Y., Wiedensohler, A., Schulz, M., A. Ogren, J., Fiebig, M., Gliss, J., Mortier, A., Pandolfi, M., Petaja, T., Kim, S. -W., Aas, W., Putaud, J. -P., Mayol-Bracero, O., Keywood, M., Labrador, L., Aalto, P., Ahlberg, E., Alados Arboledas, L., Alastuey, A., Andrade, M., Artinano, B., Ausmeel, S., Arsov, T., Asmi, E., Backman, J., Baltensperger, U., Bastian, S., Bath, O., Paul Beukes, J., T. Brem, B., Bukowiecki, N., Conil, S., Couret, C., Day, D., Dayantolis, W., Degorska, A., Eleftheriadis, K., Fetfatzis, P., Favez, O., Flentje, H., I. Gini, M., Gregoric, A., Gysel-Beer, M., Gannet Hallar, A., Hand, J., Hoffer, A., Hueglin, C., K. Hooda, R., Hyvarinen, A., Kalapov, I., Kalivitis, N., Kasper-Giebl, A., Eun Kim, J., Kouvarakis, G., Kranjc, I., Krejci, R., Kulmala, M., Labuschagne, C., Lee, H. -J., Lihavainen, H., Lin, N. -H., Loschau, G., Luoma, K., Marinoni, A., Martins Dos Santos, S., Meinhardt, F., Merkel, M., Metzger, J. -M., Mihalopoulos, N., Anh Nguyen, N., Ondracek, J., Perez, N., Rita Perrone, M., Pichon, J. -M., Picard, D., Pont, V., Prats, N., Prenni, A., Reisen, F., Romano, S., Sellegri, K., Sharma, S., Schauer, G., Sheridan, P., Patrick Sherman, J., Schutze, M., Schwerin, A., Sohmer, R., Sorribas, M., Steinbacher, M., Sun, J., Titos, G., Toczko, B., Tuch, T., Tulet, P., Tunved, P., Vakkari, V., Velarde, F., Velasquez, P., Villani, P., Vratolis, S., Wang, S. -H., Weinhold, K., Weller, R., Yela, M., Yus-Diez, J., Zdimal, V., Zieger, P., and Zikova, N.
Subjects: Earth's energy budget, 1171 Geosciences, Atmospheric Science, Eearth radiation balance, PARTICLE NUMBER, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Particle number, Meteorology, VISIBLE-LIGHT ABSORPTION, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Atmosphere, PARTICULATE MATTER, Solar radiation, Cloud condensation nuclei, lcsh:TA170-171, ORGANIC AEROSOL, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS, lcsh:TA715-787, Global Atmosphere Watch, REGIONAL BACKGROUND SITES, lcsh:Earthwork. Foundations, Aerosol particles, OPTICAL-PROPERTIES, Albedo, Particulates, RADIATIVE PROPERTIES, Aerosol, lcsh:Environmental engineering, 13. Climate action, Greenhouse gas, FILTER-BASED MEASUREMENTS, BLACK CARBON, Environmental science, Trollobservatoriet, Global Climate Monitoring System
Abstract: Aerosol particles are essential constituents of the Earth’s atmosphere, impacting the earth radiation balance directly by scattering and absorbing solar radiation, and indirectly by acting as cloud condensation nuclei. In contrast to most greenhouse gases, aerosol particles have short atmospheric residence times, resulting in a highly heterogeneous distribution in space and time. There is a clear need to document this variability at regional scale through observations involving, in particular, the in situ near-surface segment of the atmospheric observation system. This paper will provide the widest effort so far to document variability of climate-relevant in situ aerosol properties (namely wavelength dependent particle light scattering and absorption coefficients, particle number concentration and particle number size distribution) from all sites connected to the Global Atmosphere Watch network. High-quality data from almost 90 stations worldwide have been collected and controlled for quality and are reported for a reference year in 2017, providing a very extended and robust view of the variability of these variables worldwide. The range of variability observed worldwide for light scattering and absorption coefficients, single-scattering albedo, and particle number concentration are presented together with preliminary information on their long-term trends and comparison with model simulation for the different stations. The scope of the present paper is also to provide the necessary suite of information, including data provision procedures, quality control and analysis, data policy, and usage of the ground-based aerosol measurement network. It delivers to users of the World Data Centre on Aerosol, the required confidence in data products in the form of a fully characterized value chain, including uncertainty estimation and requirements for contributing to the global climate monitoring system., European Commission Joint Research Centre 654109, European ERDF funds through different Spanish R&D projects of the Spanish Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad, NorthWest University, University of Helsinki, Academy of Finland 272041, Academy of Finland project Greenhouse gas 269095 296302, Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program "Development of Monitoring and Analysis Techniques for Atmospheric Composition in Korea KMA2018-00522, National Research Foundation of Korea 2017R1D1A1B06032548, Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program KMI2018-01111, Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration, Ministry of Research, France, French Ministry of the Environment, United States Environmental Protection Agency, MeteoSwiss (GAW-CH aerosol monitoring programme), Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of CR within National Sustainability Program I (NPU I) LO1415, ERDF "ACTRISCZ RI" CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001315 CGL2017-85344-R MINECO/AEI/FEDER, TIGAS-CM (Madrid Regional Government) Y2018/EMT-5177, AIRTECCM (Madrid Regional Government) P2018/EMT4329 REDMAAS2020 RED2018-102594-T CIENCIA, Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, European Union (EU) CGL2016-78594-R, Generalitat de Catalunya AGAUR 2017 SGR41, National Institute for Aerospace Technology, Ministerio Espanol de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO) MIS 5021516, Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, NSRF, Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR), Norwegian Environment Agency, Swedish FORMAS; Swedish Research Council (VR), Magnus Bergvall foundation, Marta och Erik Holmberg foundation, Swedish EPA
Published: 2020
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35. Exploiting multi-objective parallel extremal optimization features in dynamic load balancing

Author: Eryk Laskowski, Richard Olejnik, Umberto Scafuri, Ernesto Tarantino, Ivanoe De Falco, Marek Tudruj, Institute of High Performance Computing and Networking, CNR, Naples, Italy, Institute of High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institue of Computer Science [Pologne], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: Extremal optimization, Mathematical optimization, Computer science, parallel extremal optimization, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Function (mathematics), processor load balancing, Load balancing (computing), 01 natural sciences, Multi-objective optimization, Data flow diagram, ACM: D.: Software/D.1: PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES, Task (computing), multi-objective optimization, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: This paper is focused on the methodology for using the parallel multi-objective Extremal Optimization in load balancing algorithms for distributed systems. In the proposed approach, parallel multi-objective Extremal Optimization algorithms define task migration as a means for processor load balancing. In the studied algorithms three objectives relevant to distributed processor load balancing are used as global fitness functions: the function dealing with the computational load imbalance in execution of application tasks on processors, the function concerned with the communication between tasks placed on distributed computing nodes and the function concerned with the task migration number. Internal properties of the proposed multi-objective Extremal Optimization algorithms have been discussed. A number of such algorithms with different composition of global and local fitness functions have been presented and verified by simulation experiments. The performed comparative experiments concerned execution of distributed programs represented as macro data flow graphs. Their parallel execution speed-up was discussed based on different best solution search methods such as compromise approach, lexicographic approach and hybrid approach. The obtained results have shown that the parallel multi-objective Extremal Optimization algorithms used in load balancing have visibly improved the quality of execution of the tested program graphs.
Published: 2020
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36. Dynamic Load Balancing Based on Multi-Objective Extremal optimization

Author: Ivanoe De Falco, Umberto Scafuri, Marek Tudruj, Ernesto Tarantino, Eryk Laskowski, Richard Olejnik, Institute of High Performance Computing and Networking, CNR, Naples, Italy, Institute of High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institue of Computer Science [Pologne], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Extremal optimization, Mathematical optimization, Computer science, Pareto principle, 02 engineering and technology, Load balancing (computing), Multi-objective optimization, Electronic mail, Data flow diagram, Load management, multi-objective optimization, extremal optimization, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Process control, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], dynamic load balancing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Multi-objective algorithms based on nature-inspired approach of Extremal optimization (EO) used in distributed processor load balancing have been studied in the paper. EO defines task migration aiming at processor load balancing in execution of graph-represented distributed programs. In the multi-objective EO approach, three objectives relevant to distributed processor load balancing are simultaneously controlled: the function dealing with the computational load imbalance in execution of application tasks on processors, the function concerned with the communication between tasks placed on distinct computing nodes and the function related to the task migration number. An important aspect of the proposed multiobjective approach is the method for selecting the best solutions from the Pareto set. Pareto front analysis based on compromise solution approach, lexicographic approach and hybrid approach (lexicographic + numerical threshold) has been performed in dependence on the program graph features, the executive system characteristics and the experimental setting. The algorithms are assessed by simulation experiments with macro data flow graphs of programs run in distributed systems. The experiments have shown that the multi-objective EO approach included into the load balancing algorithms visibly improves the quality of program execution.
Published: 2020
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37. A framework to assess the quality and impact of bioinformatics training across ELIXIR

Author: Eija Korpelainen, Allegra Via, Marko Vidak, Brane Leskošek, Lee Larcombe, Louisa J. Bellis, Mateusz Kuzak, Loredana Le Pera, Patricia M. Palagi, Paula Martinez, Celia W.G. van Gelder, Sarah L. Morgan, Tuur Muyldermans, Jessica M. Lindvall, Gabriella Rustici, Kim T. Gurwitz, Hedi Peterson, Alexander Botzki, Roland Krause, Fotis Psomopoulos, Victoria Dominguez Del Angel, Balint L. Balint, Ståle Nygård, Diana Marek, Eva Alloza, Daniel Wibberg, Pedro Fernandes, Prakash Singh Gaur, Jure Dimec, Vojtech Spiwok, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Department of Genetics [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), European Bioinformatics Institute [Hinxton] (EMBL-EBI), EMBL Heidelberg, MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh-Western General Hospital, Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Institute for Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana -University of Ljubljana, Unité de Recherche Génomique Info (URGI), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência [Oeiras] (IGC), Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, CSC - IT Center for Science Ltd, Luxembourg Centre For Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], Dutch Techcentre for Life Sciences [Utrecht], Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies ( IBIOM), Institute of Biomembranes, National Research Council of Italy (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy (CNR), National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University-Stockholm University-Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University-Stockholm University, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Department of Informatics [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Institute of Computer Science [University of Tartu, Estonie], University of Tartu, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague (UCT Prague), Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Genome Research of Industrial Microorganisms, Universität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University, European Commission within the Research Infrastructures programme of Horizon 2020 676559, Gurwitz, Kim T [0000-0003-1992-5073], Singh Gaur, Prakash [0000-0003-3272-628X], Bellis, Louisa J [0000-0001-9581-870X], Larcombe, Lee [0000-0003-3150-6445], Alloza, Eva [0000-0001-8385-9336], Botzki, Alexander [0000-0001-6691-4233], Dimec, Jure [0000-0002-9525-9028], Dominguez Del Angel, Victoria [0000-0002-5514-6651], Fernandes, Pedro L [0000-0003-2124-0241], Krause, Roland [0000-0001-9938-7126], Kuzak, Mateusz [0000-0003-0087-6021], Le Pera, Loredana [0000-0002-0076-9878], Leskošek, Brane [0000-0001-5202-2349], Lindvall, Jessica M [0000-0002-5042-8481], Marek, Diana [0000-0002-9812-6351], Martinez, Paula A [0000-0002-8990-1985], Muyldermans, Tuur [0000-0002-3926-7293], Palagi, Patricia M [0000-0001-9062-6303], Peterson, Hedi [0000-0001-9951-5116], Psomopoulos, Fotis [0000-0002-0222-4273], Spiwok, Vojtech [0000-0001-8108-2033], van Gelder, Celia WG [0000-0002-0223-2329], Vidak, Marko [0000-0001-7901-3936], Wibberg, Daniel [0000-0002-1331-4311], Morgan, Sarah L [0000-0001-9528-8323], Rustici, Gabriella [0000-0003-3085-1271], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Program evaluation, Biomedical Research, Databases, Factual, Economics, Computer science, Social Sciences, Surveys, Bioinformatics, Geographical Locations, Computational biology, Database and Informatics Methods, Software Pipelines, Multidisciplinaire, généralités & autres [F99] [Sciences du vivant], User-Computer Interface, Software, 0302 clinical medicine, Information processing, Biology (General), computer.programming_language, media_common, training, Careers, Ecology, ELIXIR Training Platform, Member states, Data Collection, FOS: Social sciences, bioinformatics, Research Assessment, Elixir, Research Personnel, Europe, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Research Design, Modeling and Simulation, impact, Elixir (programming language), Curriculum, Algorithms, Employment, Quality Control, Informàtica::Aplicacions de la informàtica::Bioinformàtica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Information storage and retrieval systems, Computer and Information Sciences, Education, Continuing, quality assessment, QH301-705.5, media_common.quotation_subject, Multidisciplinary, general & others [F99] [Life sciences], Research and Analysis Methods, Education, Instruction Pipelines, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Data visualization, Modelling and Simulation, Computational Techniques, Bioinformatica, Genetics, Relevance (information retrieval), Quality (business), [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Survey Research, Data collection, Impact assessment, Data Visualization, Sustainability science, Computational Pipelines, Computational Biology, Reproducibility of Results, ELIXIR, 030104 developmental biology, Labor Economics, People and Places, Portfolio, computer, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Program Evaluation
Abstract: ELIXIR is a pan-European intergovernmental organisation for life science that aims to coordinate bioinformatics resources in a single infrastructure across Europe; bioinformatics training is central to its strategy, which aims to develop a training community that spans all ELIXIR member states. In an evidence-based approach for strengthening bioinformatics training programmes across Europe, the ELIXIR Training Platform, led by the ELIXIR EXCELERATE Quality and Impact Assessment Subtask in collaboration with the ELIXIR Training Coordinators Group, has implemented an assessment strategy to measure quality and impact of its entire training portfolio. Here, we present ELIXIR’s framework for assessing training quality and impact, which includes the following: specifying assessment aims, determining what data to collect in order to address these aims, and our strategy for centralised data collection to allow for ELIXIR-wide analyses. In addition, we present an overview of the ELIXIR training data collected over the past 4 years. We highlight the importance of a coordinated and consistent data collection approach and the relevance of defining specific metrics and answer scales for consortium-wide analyses as well as for comparison of data across iterations of the same course. ELIXIR-EXCELERATE is funded by the European Commission within the Research Infrastructures programme of Horizon 2020, grant agreement number 676559 (https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horizon2020/en/area/researchinfrastructures). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Published: 2020
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38. Lexicon-Grammar based open information extraction from natural language sentences in Italian

Author: Giuseppe De Pietro, Emanuele Damiano, Aniello Minutolo, Raffaele Guarasci, Massimo Esposito, National Research Council of Italy, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), and Institute of Biology, Molecular Medicine and Nanobiotechnology. Sapienza University of Rome (IBMN)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Open Information Extraction, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Lexicon-Grammar, Verb, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Lexicon, [INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL], 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Artificial Intelligence, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Selection (linguistics), [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, media_common, Natural Language Processing, Grammar, business.industry, Italian language, General Engineering, Syntax, Computer Science Applications, N-ary Propositions, [INFO.INFO-TT]Computer Science [cs]/Document and Text Processing, Information extraction, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Grammaticality, Italian Language, Artificial intelligence, business, computer, Natural language, Natural language processing
Abstract: International audience; In the last decade, the quantity of readily accessible text has grown rapidly and enormously, long exceeding the capacity of humans to read and understand it. One of the most interesting strategies proposed to fulfil this need is known as Open Information Extraction (OIE). It is essentially devised to read in sentences and rapidly extract one or more domain-independent coherent propositions, each represented by a verb relation and its arguments. Even though many OIE approaches exist for English, no significant research has been conducted about OIE on Italian texts. Due to the usage of language-specific features, OIE systems operating in other languages are not directly applicable for Italian. Therefore, this paper proposes, as first contribution, a novel approach to perform OIE for Italian language, based on standard linguistic structures to analyze sentences and on a set of verbal behavior patterns to extract information from them. These patterns are built combining a solid linguistic theoretical framework, i.e. Lexicon-Grammar (LG), and distributional profiles extracted from a contemporary Italian corpus, i.e. itWaC. Starting from simple sentences, the approach is able to determine elementary tuples, then, all their permutations, by adding complements and adverbials, and, finally, n-ary propositions, by granting syntactic invariance, preserving the overall grammaticality and also respecting some syntactic constraints and selection preferences, thus approximating a first level of semantic acceptability. As second contribution of this work, a gold standard dataset for the Italian language has been built from the itWaC corpus, aimed at being widely used to enable the experimental validation of OIE solutions. It has been manually and independently labeled by four Italian native speakers with all the n-ary propositions that can be extracted, following the criteria of grammaticality and acceptability, i.e. granting syntactic well-formedness and meaningfulness in the context. Finally, the proposed approach has been experimented and quantitatively validated on this gold standard dataset, also in comparison with an indirect approach translating input sentences and output propositions from Italian to English and vice versa and embedding an OIE approach for English, as well as with an OIE system for Italian previously presented by the authors. The results obtained have shown the effectiveness of the proposed approach in generating propositions with respect to these criteria of grammaticality and acceptability. Even if the approach has been evaluated for the Italian language, it is essentially based on linguistic resources produced by LG, which exist for many languages besides Italian and a representative corpus for the language under consideration. Given these premises, it has a general basis from a methodological perspective and can be proficiently extended also to other languages.
Published: 2020
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39. CW Operation of a Tunable 1550-nm VCSEL Integrating Liquid-Crystal Microcells

Author: Cyril Paranthoen, S. Pes, Pierluigi Debernardi, Thierry Camps, Véronique Bardinal, K. Tavernier, Sophie Bouchoule, Christophe Levallois, Laurent Dupont, Benjamin Boisnard, B. Sadani, Mehdi Alouini, Équipe MICrosystèmes d'Analyse (LAAS-MICA), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Optique (IMT Atlantique - OPT), IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), CNR Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering [Torino] (CNR | IEIIT), CNR Istituto di elettronica e di ingegneria dell'informazione e delle telecomunicazioni (CNR | IEIIT), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Direction Générale de l’Armement (DGA), French National Research Agency (ANR), ANR-14-ASTR-0007,HYPOCAMP,Lasers à cavités verticales accordables hybrides , contrôlées en polarisation et entièrement monolithiques pour la conception systèmes optiques et micro-ondes embarqués et compacts.(2014), ANR-15-CE19-0012,DOCT-VCSEL,Tomographie par Cohérence Optique portable à source accordable MEMS-VCSEL pour l'analyse de la peau(2015), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT-CNR), and Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Torino] (CNR)
Subjects: Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, Semiconductor laser theory, Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, law.invention, Optical pumping, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Liquid crystal, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Semiconductor lasers, Birefringence, business.industry, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers, Liquid crystal devices, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Optoelectronics, business, Lasing threshold, Refractive index
Abstract: International audience; An InP-based Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting 1 Laser (VCSEL) with a liquid crystal (LC) microcell monolithically integrated on its surface for spectral tuning is investigated. Unlike tunable VCSELs integrating a movable membrane, here the physical length of the cavity remains unchanged and only the voltage applied on the LC ensures a refractive index modification for a particular polarization emitted by the VCSEL. This tunable VCSEL operates in CW at room temperature and exhibits more than 23 nm wavelength tuning around 1.55 µm at a maximum applied voltage of 20 V. The measured laser threshold around 6.5 mW is still comparable to VCSEL without LC microcell, a clear indication that the optical losses related to the LC are very low. On the other hand, for this first optically pumped device, the lasing characteristics suggest that the LC birefringence is lower than expected. To assess this hypothesis, thermo-optical simulations have been conducted.
Published: 2020
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40. Förster resonance energy transfer: Role of diffusion of fluorophore orientation and separation in observed shifts of FRET efficiency

Author: D’Auria, Sabato [National Research Council, Rome (Italy)]
Published: 2017
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41. Divergent Evolution of Nuclear Localization Signal Sequences in Herpesvirus Terminase Subunits

Author: Cingolani, Gino [Thomas Jefferson Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States); National Research Council, Bari (Italy)]
Published: 2016
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42. Measurements and modeling of surface–atmosphere exchange of microorganisms in Mediterranean grassland

Author: Carotenuto, F., Georgiadis, T., Gioli, B., Leyronas, C., Morris, C. E., Nardino, M., Wohlfahrt, G., Miglietta, F., Institute of Ecology, Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Istituto di Biometeorologia [Firenze] (IBIMET), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), FoxLab [Italia], Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie] (FEM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), European Project: 286079, Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin (TU), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie] (FEM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Mediterranean climate, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, prairie méditérrannéenne, échange surface atmosphère, microbial ecology, Atmospheric sciences, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, Grassland, pseudomonas-syringae, modelling, lcsh:Chemistry, Atmosphere, bioaérosol, 03 medical and health sciences, aerial dispersal, Abundance (ecology), flux-gradient technique, atmospheric dispersion, Precipitation, modélisation, dispersion atmosphérique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, particulate matter, geography, écologie microbienne, geography.geographical_feature_category, Condensation, impact climatique, 15. Life on land, lcsh:QC1-999, Aerosol, flux microbiens, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, Ice nucleus, Environmental science, biological aerosol-particles, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: We thank the staff of the INRAE Experimental facilities of the Plant Pathology research unit (IEPV, https://doi.org/10.15454/8DGF-QF70) for their involvement in field experiments; International audience; Microbial aerosols (mainly composed by bacterial and fungal cells), may constitute up to 74 % of the total aerosol volume. These biological aerosols are relevant not only from the point of view of the dispersion of pathogenic species, but also due to the potential geochemical implications. Some bacteria and fungi may, in fact, serve as cloud condensation or ice nuclei, potentially affecting cloud formation and precipitation and are active at higher temperatures compared to their, much more intensively studied, inorganic counterparts. Simulations of the impact of microbial aerosols on climate are still hindered by the lack of information regarding their emissions from ground sources. This work tackles this knowledge gap by (i) applying a rigorous micrometeorological approach to the estimation of microbial net fluxes above a Mediterranean grassland and (ii) developing a deterministic model to estimate these emissions on the basis of a few easily recovered meteorological parameters (the PLAnET model). The grassland itself is characterized by an abundance of positive net microbial fluxes and the model proves to be a promising tool capable of capturing the day-to-day variability in microbial fluxes with a relatively small bias and sufficient accuracy. PLAnET is still in its infancy and will benefit from future campaigns extending the available training dataset as well as the inclusion of ever more complex and critical phenomena affecting the release of microbial aerosol (such as rainfall). The model itself is also adaptable as an emission module for dispersion and chemical transport models, allowing to further explore the impact of microbial aerosols on the atmosphere and climate.
Published: 2017
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43. Production and processing of graphene and related materials

Author: Backes, Abdelkader, A.M., Alonso, Andrieux-Ledier, Arenal, Azpeitia, Balakrishnan, Banszerus, Barjon, Bartali, Bellani, Berger, Ortega, M.M.B., Bernard, Beton, P.H., Beyer, Bianco, B?ggild, Bonaccorso, Barin, G.B., Botas, Bueno, R.A., Carriazo, Castellanos-Gomez, Christian, Ciesielski, Ciuk, Cole, M.T., Coleman, Coletti, Crema, Cun, Dasler, De Fazio, D?ez, Drieschner, Duesberg, G.S., Fasel, Feng, Fina, Forti, Galiotis, Garberoglio, Garc?a, J.M., Garrido, J.A., Gibertini, G?lzh?user, G?mez, Greber, Hauke, Hemmi, Hernandez-Rodriguez, Hirsch, Hodge, S.A., Huttel, Jepsen, P.U., Jimenez, Kaiser, Kaplas, Kim, Kis, Papagelis, Kostarelos, Krajewska, Lee, Lipsanen, Liscio, Lohe, M.R., Loiseau, Lombardi, L?pez, M.F., Martin, Mart?n, Mart?nez, Martin-Gago, J.I., Marzari, Mayoral, McManus, Melucci, M?ndez, Merino, Meyer, A.P., Miniussi, Miseikis, Mishra, Morandi, Munuera, Mu?oz, Nolan, Ortolani, Ott, A.K., Palacio, Palermo, Parthenios, Pasternak, Patane, Prato, Prevost, Prudkovskiy, Pugno, Rojo, Rossi, Ruffieux, Samor?, Schu?, Setijadi, Seyller, Speranza, Stampfer, Stenger, Strupinski, Svirko, Taioli, Teo, K.B.K., Testi, Tomarchio, Tortello, Treossi, Turchanin, Vazquez, Villaro, Whelan, P.R., Xia, Yakimova, Yang, Yazdi, G.R., Yim, Yoon, Zhang, Zhuang, Colombo, Ferrari, A.C., Garcia-Hernandez, European Commission, García-Hernández, M., Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Heidelberg University, University of Cambridge, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Université Paris-Saclay, Aragonese Foundation for Research & Development, CSIC, University of Nottingham, RWTH Aachen University, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Italian Institute of Technology, Université Grenoble Alpes, Technische Universität Dresden, Polytechnic University of Turin, University of Zurich, Bielefeld University, Université de Strasbourg, Technical University of Denmark, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CIC energigune, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, University of Bath, Trinity College Dublin, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Technical University of Munich, Universität der Bundeswehr München, University of Patras, CSIC - Institute of Micro and Nanotechnology, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Avanzare S.L. Technological Innovation, Ulm University, University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, University of Manchester, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, University of Castilla-La Mancha, University of Zaragoza, Groupo Antolin I+D+I, Warsaw University of Technology, Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science, BEC-INFM, Chemnitz University of Technology, Charles University, Buckingway Business Park, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Interquimica, Linköping University, University of Texas at Dallas, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Backes, C., Abdelkader, A. M., Alonso, C., Andrieux-Ledier, A., Arenal, R., Azpeitia, J., Balakrishnan, N., Banszerus, L., Barjon, J., Bartali, R., Bellani, S., Berger, C., Berger, R., Ortega, M. M. B., Bernard, C., Beton, P. H., Beyer, A., Bianco, A., Boggild, P., Bonaccorso, F., Barin, G. B., Botas, C., Bueno, R. A., Carriazo, D., Castellanos-Gomez, A., Christian, M., Ciesielski, A., Ciuk, T., Cole, M. T., Coleman, J., Coletti, C., Crema, L., Cun, H., Dasler, D., De Fazio, D., Diez, N., Drieschner, S., Duesberg, G. S., Fasel, R., Feng, X., Fina, A., Forti, S., Galiotis, C., Garberoglio, G., Garcia, J. M., Garrido, J. A., Gibertini, M., Golzhauser, A., Gomez, J., Greber, T., Hauke, F., Hemmi, A., Hernandez-Rodriguez, I., Hirsch, A., Hodge, S. A., Huttel, Y., Jepsen, P. U., Jimenez, I., Kaiser, U., Kaplas, T., Kim, H., Kis, A., Papagelis, K., Kostarelos, K., Krajewska, A., Lee, K., Li, C., Lipsanen, H., Liscio, A., Lohe, M. R., Loiseau, A., Lombardi, L., Lopez, M. F., Martin, O., Martin, C., Martinez, L., Martin-Gago, J. A., Martinez, J. I., Marzari, N., Mayoral, A., Mcmanus, J., Melucci, M., Mendez, J., Merino, C., Merino, P., Meyer, A. P., Miniussi, E., Miseikis, V., Mishra, N., Morandi, V., Munuera, C., Munoz, R., Nolan, H., Ortolani, L., Ott, A. K., Palacio, I., Palermo, V., Parthenios, J., Pasternak, I., Patane, A., Prato, M., Prevost, H., Prudkovskiy, V., Pugno, N., Rojo, T., Rossi, A., Ruffieux, P., Samori, P., Schue, L., Setijadi, E., Seyller, T., Speranza, G., Stampfer, C., Stenger, I., Strupinski, W., Svirko, Y., Taioli, S., Teo, K. B. K., Testi, M., Tomarchio, F., Tortello, M., Treossi, E., Turchanin, A., Vazquez, E., Villaro, E., Whelan, P. R., Xia, Z., Yakimova, R., Yang, S., Yazdi, G. R., Yim, C., Yoon, D., Zhang, X., Zhuang, X., Colombo, L., Ferrari, A. C., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut [Heidelberg] (PCI), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (CRANN-AMBER), Cambridge Graphene Centre (Cambridge, UK), DPHY, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón [Saragoza, España] (INA), University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón [Saragoza, España] (ICMA-CSIC), Materials Science Factory - ICMM [Madrid], Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), School of Physics and Astronomy [Nottingham], University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University (RWTH), Groupe d'Etude de la Matière Condensée (GEMAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondazione Bruno Kessler [Trento, Italy] (FBK), IIT Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Circuits électroniques quantiques Alpes (NEEL - QuantECA), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Universität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University, Immunopathologie et chimie thérapeutique (ICT), Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), BeDimensional Spa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology [Thun] (EMPA), CIC ENERGIGUNE - Parque Tecnol Alava, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Science et d'ingénierie supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instytut Technologii Materiałów Elektronicznych, Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering [Bath], University of Bath [Bath], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Walter Schottky Institut Technische Universität München, Universität der Bundeswehr München [Neubiberg], Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EMPA), Center for Advancing Electronics in Dresden (CFAED), European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas (ECT*-FBK), IMN-Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología (CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, PTM, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain, Universidad de Alicante, Institut de théorie des phénomènes physiques (EPFL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Avanzare Innovacion Tecnologica S.L., Center for Nanostructured Graphene, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Electrical Engineering Institute - EPFL, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences - Hellas [Crete] (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Manchester [Manchester], Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), LEM, UMR 104, CNRS-ONERA, Université Paris-Saclay (Laboratoire d'étude des microstructures), ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla, Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon (Phys-ENS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Materials Science and Engineering (DMSE), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Instituto de Física Fundamental [Madrid] (IFF), Istituto per la Microelettronica e i Microsistemi [Bologna] (IMM), University of Exeter, Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Warsaw University of Technology [Warsaw], Laboratoire national des champs magnétiques intenses - Toulouse (LNCMI-T), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of Trento [Trento], School of Engineering and Materials Science [London] (SEMS), Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha = University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), University of Calgary, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, University of Linköping [Sweden], University of Texas at Dallas [Richardson] (UT Dallas), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], DPHY, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), QuantECA - Circuits électroniques quantiques Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Politecnico di Torino [Torino] (Polito), University of Patras [Patras], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), LEM, UMR 104 CNRS-ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], Universidad de Sevilla, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Charles University [Prague], Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Autonomous University of Madrid, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Ecology, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Agencia Aragonesa por la Investigacion y el Desarollo (ARAID), Fundacion ARAID-Gobierno de Aragón [Zaragoza, Espagne], Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas, JARA-FIT, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia DISAT, University of Zürich, University of Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Physics of Supramolecular Systems (Bielefeld University), Immunologie et chimie thérapeutiques (ICT), Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Center for Nanotechnology Innovation, @NEST, Chair of Organic Chemistry II and Joint Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, University of Bern, Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología, Univ Geneva, DQMP, 24 Quai Ernest, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland, Universität Ulm - Ulm University, Institute of Photonics (Institute of Photonics), University of Shanghai [Shanghai], Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività - ISOF (Bologne, Italie), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Bologna] (CNR), ACM Advanced Carbon Materials (Grupo Antolin Ingenieria), INRES-Chemical Signalling, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Carbon Bionanotechnology Laboratory (CICbiomaGUNE), Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche & INSTM UdR Trieste, Université Trieste, Department of Structural Engineering and Geotechnics, Edoardo Amaldi Foundation, Lehrstuhl für Technische Physik, Technisches Universität Chemnitz, Institute of Physical Chemistry (Firedrich Schiller University Jena), Linköping University (LIU), Department of Materials Science and Engineering (University of Texas), UAM. Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Circuits électroniques quantiques Alpes (QuantECA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, García-Hernández, M. [0000-0002-5987-0647], European Union (EU), and Horizon 2020
Subjects: Inks of layered materials, Growth of layered material, Materialkemi, 02 engineering and technology, Chemical vapor deposition, Q1, 01 natural sciences, materials, law.invention, Characterization of layered materials, Functionalization of layered materials, Growth of layered materials, Processing of layered materials, Synthesis of graphene and related materials, law, 540 Chemistry, functionalization of layered, Materials Chemistry, General Materials Science, Graphite, QA, QC, growth of, SYNTHESE DU GRAPHENE ET DES MATERIAUX ASSOCIES, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Processing of layered material, Química, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Exfoliation joint, ddc, Characterization of layered material, layered materials, Nanoröhre, Mechanics of Materials, processing of layered materials, inks of layered materials, characterization of layered materials, functionalization of layered materials, synthesis of graphene and related materials, growth of layered materials, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], PROCÉDURE DES MATERIAUX EN COUCHE, ddc:620, 0210 nano-technology, 51 Physical Sciences, Graphene nanoribbons, Materials science, 530 Physics, Nanotechnology, 010402 general chemistry, FONCTIONNALISATION DES MATERIAUX EN COUCHES, Monolayer, Functionalization of layered material, ddc:530, Thin film, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall], Nanocomposite, Graphene, Inks of layered material, Mechanical Engineering, Física, General Chemistry, CARACTERISATION DES MATERAUX EN COUCHES, CROISSANCE DES MATERIAUX EN COUCHE, 5104 Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, 7 Affordable and Clean Energy, ENCRAGE DES MATERIAUX EN COUCHE
Abstract: We present an overview of the main techniques for production and processing of graphene and related materials (GRMs), as well as the key characterization procedures. We adopt a 'hands-on' approach, providing practical details and procedures as derived from literature as well as from the authors' experience, in order to enable the reader to reproduce the results. Section I is devoted to 'bottom up' approaches, whereby individual constituents are pieced together into more complex structures. We consider graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) produced either by solution processing or by on-surface synthesis in ultra high vacuum (UHV), as well carbon nanomembranes (CNM). Production of a variety of GNRs with tailored band gaps and edge shapes is now possible. CNMs can be tuned in terms of porosity, crystallinity and electronic behaviour. Section II covers 'top down' techniques. These rely on breaking down of a layered precursor, in the graphene case usually natural crystals like graphite or artificially synthesized materials, such as highly oriented pyrolythic graphite, monolayers or few layers (FL) flakes. The main focus of this section is on various exfoliation techniques in a liquid media, either intercalation or liquid phase exfoliation (LPE). The choice of precursor, exfoliation method, medium as well as the control of parameters such as time or temperature are crucial. A definite choice of parameters and conditions yields a particular material with specific properties that makes it more suitable for a targeted application. We cover protocols for the graphitic precursors to graphene oxide (GO). This is an important material for a range of applications in biomedicine, energy storage, nanocomposites, etc. Hummers' and modified Hummers' methods are used to make GO that subsequently can be reduced to obtain reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with a variety of strategies. GO flakes are also employed to prepare three-dimensional (3d) low density structures, such as sponges, foams, hydro- or aerogels. The assembly of flakes into 3d structures can provide improved mechanical properties. Aerogels with a highly open structure, with interconnected hierarchical pores, can enhance the accessibility to the whole surface area, as relevant for a number of applications, such as energy storage. The main recipes to yield graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) are also discussed. GICs are suitable precursors for covalent functionalization of graphene, but can also be used for the synthesis of uncharged graphene in solution. Degradation of the molecules intercalated in GICs can be triggered by high temperature treatment or microwave irradiation, creating a gas pressure surge in graphite and exfoliation. Electrochemical exfoliation by applying a voltage in an electrolyte to a graphite electrode can be tuned by varying precursors, electrolytes and potential. Graphite electrodes can be either negatively or positively intercalated to obtain GICs that are subsequently exfoliated. We also discuss the materials that can be amenable to exfoliation, by employing a theoretical data-mining approach. The exfoliation of LMs usually results in a heterogeneous dispersion of flakes with different lateral size and thickness. This is a critical bottleneck for applications, and hinders the full exploitation of GRMs produced by solution processing. The establishment of procedures to control the morphological properties of exfoliated GRMs, which also need to be industrially scalable, is one of the key needs. Section III deals with the processing of flakes. (Ultra)centrifugation techniques have thus far been the most investigated to sort GRMs following ultrasonication, shear mixing, ball milling, microfluidization, and wet-jet milling. It allows sorting by size and thickness. Inks formulated from GRM dispersions can be printed using a number of processes, from inkjet to screen printing. Each technique has specific rheological requirements, as well as geometrical constraints. The solvent choice is critical, not only for the GRM stability, but also in terms of optimizing printing on different substrates, such as glass, Si, plastic, paper, etc, all with different surface energies. Chemical modifications of such substrates is also a key step. Sections IV–VII are devoted to the growth of GRMs on various substrates and their processing after growth to place them on the surface of choice for specific applications. The substrate for graphene growth is a key determinant of the nature and quality of the resultant film. The lattice mismatch between graphene and substrate influences the resulting crystallinity. Growth on insulators, such as SiO2, typically results in films with small crystallites, whereas growth on the close-packed surfaces of metals yields highly crystalline films. Section IV outlines the growth of graphene on SiC substrates. This satisfies the requirements for electronic applications, with well-defined graphene-substrate interface, low trapped impurities and no need for transfer. It also allows graphene structures and devices to be measured directly on the growth substrate. The flatness of the substrate results in graphene with minimal strain and ripples on large areas, allowing spectroscopies and surface science to be performed. We also discuss the surface engineering by intercalation of the resulting graphene, its integration with Si-wafers and the production of nanostructures with the desired shape, with no need for patterning. Section V deals with chemical vapour deposition (CVD) onto various transition metals and on insulators. Growth on Ni results in graphitized polycrystalline films. While the thickness of these films can be optimized by controlling the deposition parameters, such as the type of hydrocarbon precursor and temperature, it is difficult to attain single layer graphene (SLG) across large areas, owing to the simultaneous nucleation/growth and solution/precipitation mechanisms. The differing characteristics of polycrystalline Ni films facilitate the growth of graphitic layers at different rates, resulting in regions with differing numbers of graphitic layers. High-quality films can be grown on Cu. Cu is available in a variety of shapes and forms, such as foils, bulks, foams, thin films on other materials and powders, making it attractive for industrial production of large area graphene films. The push to use CVD graphene in applications has also triggered a research line for the direct growth on insulators. The quality of the resulting films is lower than possible to date on metals, but enough, in terms of transmittance and resistivity, for many applications as described in section V. Transfer technologies are the focus of section VI. CVD synthesis of graphene on metals and bottom up molecular approaches require SLG to be transferred to the final target substrates. To have technological impact, the advances in production of high-quality large-area CVD graphene must be commensurate with those on transfer and placement on the final substrates. This is a prerequisite for most applications, such as touch panels, anticorrosion coatings, transparent electrodes and gas sensors etc. New strategies have improved the transferred graphene quality, making CVD graphene a feasible option for CMOS foundries. Methods based on complete etching of the metal substrate in suitable etchants, typically iron chloride, ammonium persulfate, or hydrogen chloride although reliable, are time- and resource-consuming, with damage to graphene and production of metal and etchant residues. Electrochemical delamination in a low-concentration aqueous solution is an alternative. In this case metallic substrates can be reused. Dry transfer is less detrimental for the SLG quality, enabling a deterministic transfer. There is a large range of layered materials (LMs) beyond graphite. Only few of them have been already exfoliated and fully characterized. Section VII deals with the growth of some of these materials. Amongst them, h-BN, transition metal tri- and di-chalcogenides are of paramount importance. The growth of h-BN is at present considered essential for the development of graphene in (opto) electronic applications, as h-BN is ideal as capping layer or substrate. The interesting optical and electronic properties of TMDs also require the development of scalable methods for their production. Large scale growth using chemical/physical vapour deposition or thermal assisted conversion has been thus far limited to a small set, such as h-BN or some TMDs. Heterostructures could also be directly grown. Section VIII discusses advances in GRM functionalization. A broad range of organic molecules can be anchored to the sp 2 basal plane by reductive functionalization. Negatively charged graphene can be prepared in liquid phase (e.g. via intercalation chemistry or electrochemically) and can react with electrophiles. This can be achieved both in dispersion or on substrate. The functional groups of GO can be further derivatized. Graphene can also be noncovalently functionalized, in particular with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that assemble on the sp 2 carbon network by π–π stacking. In the liquid phase, this can enhance the colloidal stability of SLG/FLG. Approaches to achieve noncovalent on-substrate functionalization are also discussed, which can chemically dope graphene. Research efforts to derivatize CNMs are also summarized, as well as novel routes to selectively address defect sites. In dispersion, edges are the most dominant defects and can be covalently modified. This enhances colloidal stability without modifying the graphene basal plane. Basal plane point defects can also be modified, passivated and healed in ultra-high vacuum. The decoration of graphene with metal nanoparticles (NPs) has also received considerable attention, as it allows to exploit synergistic effects between NPs and graphene. Decoration can be either achieved chemically or in the gas phase. All LMs, can be functionalized and we summarize emerging approaches to covalently and noncovalently functionalize MoS2 both in the liquid and on substrate. Section IX describes some of the most popular characterization techniques, ranging from optical detection to the measurement of the electronic structure. Microscopies play an important role, although macroscopic techniques are also used for the measurement of the properties of these materials and their devices. Raman spectroscopy is paramount for GRMs, while PL is more adequate for non-graphene LMs (see section IX.2). Liquid based methods result in flakes with different thicknesses and dimensions. The qualification of size and thickness can be achieved using imaging techniques, like scanning probe microscopy (SPM) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM) or spectroscopic techniques. Optical microscopy enables the detection of flakes on suitable surfaces as well as the measurement of optical properties. Characterization of exfoliated materials is essential to improve the GRM metrology for applications and quality control. For grown GRMs, SPM can be used to probe morphological properties, as well as to study growth mechanisms and quality of transfer. More generally, SPM combined with smart measurement protocols in various modes allows one to get obtain information on mechanical properties, surface potential, work functions, electrical properties, or effectiveness of functionalization. Some of the techniques described are suitable for 'in situ' characterization, and can be hosted within the growth chambers. If the diagnosis is made 'ex situ', consideration should be given to the preparation of the samples to avoid contamination. Occasionally cleaning methods have to be used prior to measurement., We acknowledge funding from the European Commission Graphene Flagship Core1 (grant agreement 696656) and Core2 (grant agreement 785219).
Published: 2020
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44. FORUM: unique far-infrared satellite observations to better understand how Earth radiates energy to space

Author: Daniel Feldman, Claude Camy-Peyret, Quentin Libois, S. Del Bianco, Luca Palchetti, Bianca Maria Dinelli, Helen Brindley, Martin Riese, Bruno Carli, Laurent C.-Labonnote, Ugo Cortesi, M. Ridolfi, Roger Saunders, Hilke Oetjen, Tiziano Maestri, Carmine Serio, J. E. Murray, Stefan A. Buehler, G. Di Natale, Xianglei Huang, M. G. Mlynczak, Richard Bantges, Jacqueline E. Russell, National Institute of Optics (CNR-INO), National Research Council - Florence, Italy, NERC National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Universität Hamburg (UHH), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institute of Applied Physics 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), Earth Science Division [LBNL Berkeley] (ESD), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (CLaSP), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Space and Atmospheric Physics Group [London], Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London-Imperial College London, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, UK METOFFICE EXETER GBR, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Scuola di Ingegneria [Potenza], Università degli studi della Basilicata [Potenza] (UNIBAS), European Space Agency / Estec, Palchetti, L., Brindley, H., Bantges, R., Buehler, S. A., Camy-Peyret, C., Carli, B., Cortesi, U., Del Bianco, S., Di Natale, G., Dinelli, B. M., Feldman, D., Huang, X. L., C.-Labonnote, L., Libois, Q., Maestri, T., Mlynczak, M. G., Murray, J. E., Oetjen, H., Ridolfi, M., Riese, M., Russell, J., Saunders, R., Serio, C., Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Météo France-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astronomy, Space (mathematics), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Far infrared, 13. Climate action, FORUM, far infrared, ESA Earth explorer, water vapour, cirrus clouds, Outgoing Longwave Radiation, 0103 physical sciences, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, Environmental science, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Satellite, Earth (chemistry), 0401 Atmospheric Sciences, Earth Explorer9, 0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, FarInfrared, Energy (signal processing), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) emitted to space is a fundamental component of the Earth’s energy budget. There are numerous, entangled physical processes that contribute to OLR and that are responsible for driving, and responding to, climate change. Spectrally resolved observations can disentangle these processes, but technical limitations have precluded accurate space-based spectral measurements covering the far infrared (FIR) from 100 to 667 cm−1 (wavelengths between 15 and 100 µm). The Earth’s FIR spectrum is thus essentially unmeasured even though at least half of the OLR arises from this spectral range. The region is strongly influenced by upper-tropospheric–lower-stratospheric water vapor, temperature lapse rate, ice cloud distribution, and microphysics, all critical parameters in the climate system that are highly variable and still poorly observed and understood. To cover this uncharted territory in Earth observations, the Far-Infrared Outgoing Radiation Understanding and Monitoring (FORUM) mission has recently been selected as ESA’s ninth Earth Explorer mission for launch in 2026. The primary goal of FORUM is to measure, with high absolute accuracy, the FIR component of the spectrally resolved OLR for the first time with high spectral resolution and radiometric accuracy. The mission will provide a benchmark dataset of global observations which will significantly enhance our understanding of key forcing and feedback processes of the Earth’s atmosphere to enable more stringent evaluation of climate models. This paper describes the motivation for the mission, highlighting the scientific advances that are expected from the new measurements.
Published: 2020
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45. WRF Sensitivity Analysis in Wind and Temperature Fields Simulation for the Northern Sahara and the Mediterranean Basin

Author: Elisa Canepa, Jacques Piazzola, Christophe Yohia, Mauro Morichetti, Enrico Mancinelli, Giorgio Passerini, Simone Virgili, Tathy Missamou, Umberto Rizza, Mario Marcello Miglietta, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima [Lecce] (ISAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università Politecnica delle Marche [Ancona] (UNIVPM), Istituto di Scienze Marine [Genova] (ISMAR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteorology, Planetary boundary layer, natural aerosols emission, 010501 environmental sciences, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Mineral dust, lcsh:QC851-999, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Basin, Wind speed, Surface layer, sea spray, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, mineral dust, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Sea spray, WRF model, nudging technique, 13. Climate action, Weather Research and Forecasting Model, Environmental science, lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology
Abstract: International audience; Different configurations for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model were evaluated to improve wind and temperature fields predictions in the Northern Sahara and the Mediterranean basin. Eight setups, associated with different combinations of the surface layer physical parameters, the land surface model, and the grid nudging parameters, were considered. Numerical simulations covered the entire month of November 2017. Model results were compared with surface data from meteorological stations. The introduction of the grid nudging parameters leads to a general improvement of the modeled 10 m wind speed and 2 m temperature. In particular, nudging of wind speed parameter inside the planetary boundary layer (PBL) provides the most remarkable differences. In contrast, the nudging of temperature and relative humidity parameters inside the PBL may be switched off to reduce computational time and data storage. Furthermore, it was shown that the prediction of the 10 m wind speed and 2 m temperature is quite sensitive to the choice of the surface layer scheme and the land surface model. This paper provides useful suggestions to improve the setup of the WRF model in the Northern Sahara and the Mediterranean basin. These results are also relevant for topics related with the emission of mineral dust and sea spray within the Mediterranean region.
Published: 2020
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46. Knowledge Graphs Evolution and Preservation -- A Technical Report from ISWS 2019

Author: Abbas, Nacira, Alghamdi, Kholoud, Alinam, Mortaza, Alloatti, Francesca, Amaral, Glenda, Beno, Martin, Bensmann, Felix, d'Amato, Claudia, Asprino, Luigi, Biswas, Russa, Cai, Ling, Capshaw, Riley, Carriero, Valentina Anita, Celino, Irene, Dadoun, Amine, De Giorgis, Stefano, Delva, Harm, Domingue, John, Dumontier, Michel, Emonet, Vincent, Van Erp, Marieke, Arias, Paola Espinoza, Fallatah, Omaima, Ferrada, Sebastián, Ocaña, Marc Gallofré, Georgiou, Michalis, Gesese, Genet Asefa, Gillis-Webber, Frances, Giovannetti, Francesca, Buey, Marìa Granados, Harrando, Ismail, Heibi, Ivan, Horta, Vitor, Huber, Laurine, Igne, Federico, Jaradeh, Mohamad Yaser, Keshan, Neha, Koleva, Aneta, Koteich, Bilal, Kurniawan, Kabul, Liu, Mengya, Ma, Chuangtao, Maas, Lientje, Mansfield, Martin, Mariani, Fabio, Marzi, Eleonora, Mesbah, Sepideh, Mistry, Maheshkumar, Tirado, Alba Catalina Morales, Nguyen, Anna, Nguyen, Viet Bach, Oelen, Allard, Pasqual, Valentina, Paulheim, Heiko, Polleres, Axel, Porena, Margherita, Portisch, Jan, Presutti, Valentina, Pustu-Iren, Kader, Mendez, Ariam Rivas, Roshankish, Soheil, Rudolph, Sebastian, Sack, Harald, Sakor, Ahmad, Salas, Jaime, Schleider, Thomas, Shi, Meilin, Spinaci, Gianmarco, Sun, Chang, Tietz, Tabea, Dhouib, Molka, Umbrico, Alessandro, Berg, Wouter van den, Xu, Weiqin, Knowledge representation, reasonning (ORPAILLEUR), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Natural Language Processing & Knowledge Discovery (LORIA - NLPKD), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), the university of southampton, University of Genoa (UNIGE), CELI - Language Technology, Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien [Austria] (WU), Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences [Mannheim] (GESIS ), Polytechnic University of Bari, Semantic Technology Laboratory (CNR / ISTC) (ST Lab), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Insituto di scienze e tecnologie della cognizione, FIZ Karlsruhe - Leibniz Institute for Information Infrastructure, University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California, Linköping University (LIU), CEFRIEL, ICT Institute of Politecnico di Milano, Eurecom [Sophia Antipolis], University of Bologna, Research Group on Combinatorial Algorithms and Algorithmic Graph Theory (Ghent University), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Knowledge Media Institute (KMi), The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Institute of Data Science [Maastricht], KNAW Humanities Cluster, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Millennium Institute for Foundational Research on Data (IMFD), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), University of Bergen (UiB), University of Huddersfield, University of Cape Town, NTT DATA, Digital Humanities Advanced Research Centre, Dublin City University [Dublin] (DCU), University of Oxford [Oxford], L3S Research Center [Hannover], Leibniz Universität Hannover [Hannover] (LUH), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Siemens AG [Munich], Institut de Recherche de l'École navale, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), University of Southampton, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Utrecht University [Utrecht], University of Liverpool, CSols Ltd., Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), University of Koblenz-Landau, Leibniz-Institut für Informationsinfrastruktur (FIZ Karlsruhe), Leibniz Association, Web-Instrumented Man-Machine Interactions, Communities and Semantics (WIMMICS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems (Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ICST-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences [Mannheim] (GESIS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie della Cognizione [Trento] (ISTC-CNR), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), University of Oxford, Leibniz Universität Hannover=Leibniz University Hannover, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), University of Economics [Prague], Universität Mannheim, Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione (ICCD), Scuola Universitaria Professionale della Svizzera italiana, Institut für Angewandte Informatik und Formale Beschreibungsverfahren [Karlsruhe] (AIFB), Universität Karlsruhe (TH), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), and Université Gustave Eiffel
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, [INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Abstract: One of the grand challenges discussed during the Dagstuhl Seminar "Knowledge Graphs: New Directions for Knowledge Representation on the Semantic Web" and described in its report is that of a: "Public FAIR Knowledge Graph of Everything: We increasingly see the creation of knowledge graphs that capture information about the entirety of a class of entities. [...] This grand challenge extends this further by asking if we can create a knowledge graph of "everything" ranging from common sense concepts to location based entities. This knowledge graph should be "open to the public" in a FAIR manner democratizing this mass amount of knowledge." Although linked open data (LOD) is one knowledge graph, it is the closest realisation (and probably the only one) to a public FAIR Knowledge Graph (KG) of everything. Surely, LOD provides a unique testbed for experimenting and evaluating research hypotheses on open and FAIR KG. One of the most neglected FAIR issues about KGs is their ongoing evolution and long term preservation. We want to investigate this problem, that is to understand what preserving and supporting the evolution of KGs means and how these problems can be addressed. Clearly, the problem can be approached from different perspectives and may require the development of different approaches, including new theories, ontologies, metrics, strategies, procedures, etc. This document reports a collaborative effort performed by 9 teams of students, each guided by a senior researcher as their mentor, attending the International Semantic Web Research School (ISWS 2019). Each team provides a different perspective to the problem of knowledge graph evolution substantiated by a set of research questions as the main subject of their investigation. In addition, they provide their working definition for KG preservation and evolution.
Published: 2020
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47. The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data

Author: Eddy Moors, Uwe Eichelmann, Christian Brümmer, Stefano Minerbi, Barbara Marcolla, Gil Bohrer, Leonardo Montagnani, Üllar Rannik, Han Dolman, Janina Klatt, Samuli Launiainen, Elizabeth A. Walter-Shea, Nina Buchmann, Hank A. Margolis, Beniamino Gioli, Peter S. Curtis, Margaret S. Torn, Gabriela Posse, Luca Belelli Marchesini, Gianluca Filippa, Kenneth J. Davis, Leiming Zhang, Alexander Graf, Ray Leuning, Andrew Feitz, Simone Sabbatini, Harry McCaughey, Werner Eugster, Juha Pekka Tuovinen, Timothy J. Arkebauer, N. N. Vygodskaya, Adam J. Liska, Rosvel Bracho, Sebastian Wolf, Marc Aubinet, Jiří Dušek, Eugénie Paul-Limoges, Christof Ammann, Daniel Berveiller, Zoran Nesic, Giacomo Nicolini, Jaclyn Hatala Matthes, Russell L. Scott, David E. Reed, Frans-Jan W. Parmentier, Changliang Shao, Penélope Serrano-Ortiz, Yingnian Li, Jason Beringer, Marc Fischer, Deb Agarwal, Rasmus Fensholt, Russell K. Monson, Agnès de Grandcourt, Stefan K. Arndt, Timo Vesala, Uta Moderow, Joseph Verfaillie, Mika Aurela, Bev Law, Nina Hinko-Najera, Taro Nakai, Richard P. Phillips, Lindsay B. Hutley, Benjamin Loubet, Michele Tomassucci, Ayumi Kotani, Hans Peter Schmid, Raimundo Cosme de Oliveira, Anatoly A. Gitelson, Domenico Vitale, Regine Maier, Caitlin E. Moore, Xiaoqin Dai, Damien Bonal, John M. Frank, Yuelin Li, Christopher M. Gough, Shijie Han, Shirley A. Papuga, Edoardo Cremonese, Shawn Urbanski, Sébastien C. Biraud, Scott D. Miller, Mana Gharun, Annalea Lohila, Ian McHugh, Giovanni Manca, Bert Gielen, Wayne S. Meyer, Pierpaolo Duce, Bruce D. Cook, Carsten Gruening, Hiroki Ikawa, B.R. Reverter, Marian Pavelka, Andrew M. S. McMillan, Gang Dong, Isaac Chini, Kimberly A. Novick, Dalibor Janouš, Anne De Ligne, E. Beamesderfer, Marty Humphrey, Virginie Moreaux, Christian Wille, Markus Hehn, Hideki Kobayashi, Allen H. Goldstein, Walter C. Oechel, Richard Silberstein, Francisco Domingo, Francesco Mazzenga, Elise Pendall, Juha Hatakka, Lutz Merbold, Xingguo Han, Daniela Famulari, Carlo Trotta, Naama Raz-Yaseef, Dario Papale, Jean Marc Ourcival, Benoit Burban, Pavel Sedlák, Diego Polidori, Asko Noormets, Huimin Wang, Birger Ulf Hansen, Thomas Grünwald, Caroline Vincke, Robert M. Stevens, Carole Coursolle, D. P. Billesbach, Karl Schneider, Guoyi Zhou, Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski, Paul V. Bolstad, Iris Feigenwinter, Shiping Chen, Julia Boike, Ivan Schroder, D. S. Christianson, Junhui Zhang, Pierre Cellier, Catharine van Ingen, Andrej Varlagin, A. Ribeca, Claudia Consalvo, Derek Eamus, Jason Brodeur, Alan G. Barr, Denis Loustau, Andreas Ibrom, Ankur R. Desai, Andrew E. Suyker, Efrén López-Blanco, Peter Cale, Nicola Arriga, William J. Massman, Abdelrahman Elbashandy, Yoshiko Kosugi, Pauline Buysse, Cove Sturtevant, T. A. Black, Housen Chu, David R. Bowling, Sabina Dore, Albin Hammerle, Tilden P. Meyers, M. Altaf Arain, Hatim Abdalla M. ElKhidir, Ignacio Goded, Roberto Zampedri, Alessio Collalti, Torsten Sachs, Tuomas Laurila, Cristina Poindexter, E. Canfora, Alexander Knohl, Donatella Spano, Silvano Fares, Scott R. Saleska, Michiel K. van der Molen, Suzanne M. Prober, Marryanna Lion, Steven C. Wofsy, Michael L. Goulden, Matthew Northwood, Antje Lucas-Moffat, Christine Moureaux, Jean-Marc Limousin, Sara H. Knox, Damiano Gianelle, Olaf Kolle, Jørgen E. Olesen, Mikhail Mastepanov, Bernard Heinesch, Christian Bernhofer, Peter D. Blanken, Hyojung Kwon, Georg Wohlfahrt, Peili Shi, Yann Nouvellon, Allison L. Dunn, Onil Bergeron, Mauro Cavagna, Heiko Prasse, Natalia Restrepo-Coupe, Yanhong Tang, Donatella Zona, Andrew S. Kowalski, Eric Dufrêne, Kim Pilegaard, Serena Marras, Yongtao He, Brent E. Ewers, Siyan Ma, Jean Marc Bonnefond, Jonas Ardö, Ko van Huissteden, Roser Matamala, Robin Weber, Nigel J. Tapper, Humberto Ribeiro da Rocha, Eva van Gorsel, Torbern Tagesson, Frederik Schrader, Frank Tiedemann, Myroslava Khomik, Torben R. Christensen, Jonathan E. Thom, James Cleverly, Víctor Resco de Dios, Ivan Shironya, Jeffrey P. Walker, You Wei Cheah, Ana López-Ballesteros, Georgia R. Koerber, J. William Munger, Shicheng Jiang, Johannes Lüers, Bruno De Cinti, Gilberto Pastorello, David R. Cook, Werner L. Kutsch, Paul Di Tommasi, Nicolas Delpierre, Peter Isaac, Carlos Marcelo Di Bella, Jiquan Chen, Craig Macfarlane, Dennis D. Baldocchi, William Woodgate, Riccardo Valentini, Marilyn Roland, Ladislav Šigut, Tomomichi Kato, Sebastian Westermann, Ivan Mammarella, Bart Kruijt, Marta Galvagno, Marius Schmidt, Serge Rambal, J. Kurbatova, Sean P. Burns, Ettore D'Andrea, Chad Hanson, Vincenzo Magliulo, Anne Griebel, Brian D. Amiro, M. Goeckede, Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete, Thomas L. Powell, Marcelo D. Nosetto, Cacilia Ewenz, Michael J. Liddell, Satoru Takanashi, Lukas Hörtnagl, Zulia Mayari Sanchez-Mejia, W.W.P. Jans, N. Pirk, Johan Neirynck, Rainer Steinbrecher, Lukas Siebicke, Matthias Peichl, Rachhpal S. Jassal, Costantino Sirca, Earth and Climate, Earth Sciences, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), INAR Physics, Micrometeorology and biogeochemical cycles, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Ecosystem processes (INAR Forest Sciences), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo], California State University [Sacramento], Michigan State University System, University of Virginia, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], Agroscope, McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Lund University [Lund], University of Nebraska–Lincoln, University of Nebraska System, University of Melbourne, University of Antwerp (UA), Université de Liège, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Peoples Friendship University of Russia [RUDN University] (RUDN), The University of Western Australia (UWA), Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of British Columbia (UBC), University of Colorado [Colorado Springs] (UCCS), Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Humboldt University Of Berlin, University of Minnesota System, SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Utah, University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), Thunen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Department of Environmental Systems Science [ETH Zürich] (D-USYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie] (FEM), Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of Technology Sydney (UTS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Argonne National Laboratory [Lemont] (ANL), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Shanxi University (SXU), Worcester State University [Worcester], Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, GILBERTO PASTORELLO, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, THOMAS ANDREW BLACK, University of British Columbia, PETER D. BLANKEN, University of Colorado, GIL BOHRER, Ohio State University, JULIA BOIKE, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research / Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, PAUL V. BOLSTAD, University of Minnesota, JEAN-MARC BONNEFOND, ISPA Bordeaux Sciences Agro, DAVID R. BOWLING, University of Utah, ROSVEL BRACHO, University of Florida, JASON BRODEUR, McMaster University, CHRISTIAN BRÜMMER, Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, NINA BUCHMANN, ETH Zurich, BENOIT BURBAN, INRAE UMR ECOFOG, AGNES DE GRANDCOURT, UMR Eco&Sols, CIRAD, ANNE DE LIGNE, University of Liege, RAIMUNDO COSME DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, CPATU, HAN DOLMAN, Universiteit Amsterdam, FRANCISCO DOMINGO, CSIC, GANG DONG, Shanxi University, SABINA DORE, HydroFocus, PIERPAOLO DUCE, National Research Council of Italy, MARTA GALVAGNO, Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, MANA GHARUN, ETH Zurich, DAMIANO GIANELLE, Fondazione Edmund Mach, MARCIN JACKOWICZ-KORCZYNSKI, Lund University / Aarhus University, DALIBOR JANOUS, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, WILMA JANS, Wageningen University and Research, RACHHPAL JASSAL, University of British Columbia, SHICHENG JIANG, Northeast Normal University, ANA LÓPEZ-BALLESTEROS, Trinity College Dublin, EFRÉN LÓPEZ-BLANCO, Aarhus University, BENJAMIN LOUBET, Université Paris-Saclay, DENIS LOUSTAU, ISPA - INRA, JOHANNES LÜERS, University of Bayreuth, JOHAN NEIRYNCK, Research Institute for Nature and Forest, ZORAN NESIC, University of British Columbia, GIACOMO NICOLINI, University of Tuscia / CMCC, ASKO NOORMETS, Texas A&M University, MATTHEW NORTHWOOD, Charles Darwin University, KIMBERLY NOVICK, Indiana University Bloomington, MARILYN ROLAND, University of Antwerp, SIMONE SABBATINI, University of Tuscia, TORSTEN SACHS, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, SCOTT R. SALESKA, University of Arizona, ENRIQUE P. SÁNCHEZ-CAÑETE, University of Granada / CEAMA-IISTA, ZULIA M. SANCHEZ-MEJIA, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, RAINER STEINBRECHER, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, ROBERT M. STEVENS, Sentek Pty Ltd, COVE STURTEVANT, National Ecological Observatory Network Program, ANDY SUYKER, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, TORBERN TAGESSON, Lund University / University of Copenhagen, SATORU TAKANASHI, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, DOMENICO VITALE, University of Tuscia / CMCC, NATALIA VYGODSKAYA, Russian Academy of Sciences, JEFFREY P. WALKER, Monash University, ELIZABETH WALTER-SHEA, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, HUIMIN WANG, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ROBIN WEBER, University of California Berkeley, SEBASTIAN WESTERMANN, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA), CHRISTIAN WILLE, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, STEVEN WOFSY, Harvard University, GEORG WOHLFAHRT, University of Innsbruck, SEBASTIAN WOLF, ETH Zurich, WILLIAM WOODGATE, CSIRO Land and Water, YUELIN LI, Chinese Academy of Sciences, DONATELLA ZONA, San Diego State University / University of Sheffield, DEB AGARWAL, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, SEBASTIEN BIRAUD, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MARGARET TORN, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, DARIO PAPALE, University of Tuscia / CMCC., ALLISON DUNN, Worcester State University, JIRÍ DUSEK, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, DEREK EAMUS, University of Technology Sydney, UWE EICHELMANN, Technische Universität Dresden, HOUSEN CHU, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, DANIELLE CHRISTIANSON, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, YOU-WEI CHEAH, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CRISTINA POINDEXTER, California State University, JIQUAN CHEN, Michigan State University, ABDELRAHMAN ELBASHANDY, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MARTY HUMPHREY, University of Virginia, PETER ISAAC, TERN Ecosystrem Processes, DIEGO POLIDORI, University of Tuscia / CMCC, ALESSIO RIBECA, University of Tuscia / CMCC, CATHARINE VAN INGEN, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, LEIMINGZ HANG, Chinese Academy of Sciences, BRIAN AMIRO, University of Manitoba, CHRISTOF AMMANN, Agroscope Research Institute, M. ALTAF ARAIN, McMaster University, JONAS ARDÖ, Lund University, TIMOTHY ARKEBAUER, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, STEFAN K. ARNDT, The University of Melbourne, NICOLA ARRIGA, University of Antwerp / Joint Research Centre, MARC AUBINET, University of Liege, MIKA AURELA, Finnish Meteorological Institute, DENNIS BALDOCCHI, University of California Berkeley, ALAN BARR, University of Saskatchewan / Environment and Climate Change Canada, DAMIEN BONAL, Université de Lorraine, SEAN P. BURNS, University of Colorado / National Center for Atmospheric Research, PAULINE BUYSSE, Université Paris-Saclay, PETER CALE, Australian Landscape Trust, MAURO CAVAGNA, Fondazione Edmund Mach, PIERRE CELLIER, Université Paris-Saclay, SHIPING CHEN, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ISAAC CHINI, Fondazione Edmund Mach, TORBEN R . CHRISTENSEN, Aarhus University, JAMES CLEVERLY, University of Technology Sydney, ALESSIO COLLALTI, University of Tuscia / National Research Council of Italy, CLAUDIA CONSALVO, University of Tuscia / National Research Council of Italy, BRUCE D. COOK, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, DAVID COOK, Argonne National Laboratory, CAROLE COURSOLLE, Natural Resources Canada / Université Laval, EDOARDO CREMONESE, Climate Change Unit, PETER S. CURTIS, Ohio State University, ETTORE DANDREA, National Research Council of Italy, HUMBERTO DA ROCHA, USP, XIAOQIN DAI, Chinese Academy of Sciences, KENNETH J. DAVIS, The Pennsylvania State University, BRUNO DE CINTI, National Research Council of Italy, NICOLAS DELPIERRE, Université Paris-Saclay, ANKUR R . DESAI, University of Wisconsin-Madison, CARLOS MARCELO DI BELLA, Facultad de Agronomía, UBA, Buenos Aires., PAUL DI TOMMASI, National Research Council of Italy, ERIC DUFRÊNE, Université Paris-Saclay, MARIUS SCHMIDT, Agrosphere (IBG3), HATIM ABDALLA M. ELKHIDIR, ElObeid Research Station, WERNER EUGSTER, ETH Zurich, CACILIA M. EWENZ, TERN Ecosystem Processes Central Node, BRENT EWERS, University of Wyoming, DANIELA FAMULARI, National Research Council of Italy, SILVANO FARES, National Research Council of Italy / Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, IRIS FEIGENWINTER, ETH Zurich, ANDREW FEITZ, Geoscience Australia, RASMUS FENSHOLT, University of Copenhagen, GIANLUCA FILIPPA, Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, MARC FISCHER, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, JOHN FRANK, USDA Forest Service, BERT GIELEN, University of Antwerp, BENIAMINO GIOLI, National Research Council of Italy, ANATOLY GITELSON, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, IGNACIO BALLARIN GODED, Joint Research Centre, MATHIAS GOECKEDE, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, ALLEN H. GOLDSTEIN, University of California Berkeley, CHRISTOPHER M. GOUGH, Virginia Commonwealth University, MICHAEL L. GOULDEN, University of California, ALEXANDER GRAF, Forschungszentrum Jülich, ANNE GRIEBEL, The University of Melbourne, CARSTEN GRUENING, Joint Research Centre, THOMAS GRÜNWALD, Technische Universität Dresden, ALBIN HAMMERLE, University of Innsbruck, SHIJIE HAN, Henan University / Chinese Academy of Sciences, XINGGUO HAN, Chinese Academy of Sciences, BIRGER ULF HANSEN, University of Copenhagen, CHAD HANSON, Oregon State University, JUHA HATAKKA, Finnish Meteorological Institute, YONGTAO HE, Chinese Academy of Sciences / University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, MARKUS HEHN, Technische Universität Dresden, BERNARD HEINESCH, University of Liege, NINA HINKO-NAJERA, The University of Melbourne, LUKAS HÖRTNAGL, ETH Zurich, LINDSAY HUTLEY, Charles Darwin University, ANDREAS IBROM, Technical University of Denmark, HIROKI IKAWA, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, TOMOMICHI KATO, Hokkaido University, MYROSLAVA KHOMIK, McMaster University / Geography and Environmental Management, JANINA KLATT, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, ALEXANDER KNOHL, University of Goettingen, SARA KNOX, The University of British Columbia, HIDEKI KOBAYASHI, Institute of Arctic Climate and Environment Research, GEORGIA KOERBER, University of Adelaide, OLAF KOLLE, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, YOSHIKO KOSUGI, Kyoto University, AYUMI KOTANI, Nagoya University, ANDREW KOWALSKI, University of Granada, BART KRUIJT, Wageningen University, JULIA KURBATOVA, Russian Academy of Sciences, WERNER L. KUTSCH, ICOS ERIC, HYOJUNG KWON, Oregon State University, SAMULI LAUNIAINEN, Natural Resources Institute Finland, TUOMAS LAURILA, Finnish Meteorological Institute, BEV LAW, Oregon State University, RAY LEUNING, In memoriam, YINGNIAN LI, Chinese Academy of Sciences, MICHAEL LIDDELL, James Cook University, JEAN-MARC LIMOUSIN, Univ Montpellier, KARL SCHNEIDER, University of Cologne, MARRYANNA LION, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, ADAM J. LISKA, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, ANNALEA LOHILA, Finnish Meteorological Institute / University of Helsinki, ANTJE LUCAS-MOFFAT, Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture / Centre for Agrometeorological Research, SIYAN MA, University of California Berkeley, CRAIG MACFARLANE, CSIRO Land and Water, VINCENZO MAGLIULO, National Research Council of Italy, REGINE MAIER, ETH Zurich, IVAN MAMMARELLA, University of Helsinki, GIOVANNI MANCA, Joint Research Centre, BARBARA MARCOLLA, Fondazione Edmund Mach, HANK A . MARGOLIS, Université Laval, SERENA MARRAS, CMCC / University of Sassari, WILLIAM MASSMAN, USDA Forest Service, MIKHAIL MASTEPANOV, Aarhus University / University of Oulu, ROSER MATAMALA, Argonne National Laboratory, JACLYN HATALA MATTHES, Wellesley College, FRANCESCO MAZZENGA, National Research Council of Italy, HARRY MCCAUGHEY, Queen’s University, IAN MCHUGH, The University of Melbourne, ANDREW M. S. MCMILLAN, Environmental Analytics NZ, LUTZ MERBOLD, International Livestock Research Institute, WAYNE MEYER, University of Adelaide, TILDEN MEYERS, NOAA/OAR/Air Resources Laboratory, SCOTT D. MILLER, State University of New York at Albany, STEFANO MINERBI, Forest Department of South Tyrol, UTA MODEROW, Technische Universität Dresden, RUSSELL K. MONSON, University of Arizona, LEONARDO MONTAGNANI, Forest Department of South Tyrol / Free University of Bolzano, CAITLIN E. MOORE, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, EDDY MOORS, IHE Delft / VU Amsterdam, VIRGINIE MOREAUX, ISPA / University Grenoble Alpes, CHRISTINE MOUREAUX, University of Liege, J. WILLIAM MUNGER, Harvard University, TARO NAKAI, National Taiwan University / University of Alaska Fairbanks, MARCELO NOSETTO, Instituto de Matemática Aplicada San Luis / UNER, YANN NOUVELLON, Univ Montpellier-CIRAD-INRA-IRD-Montpellier SupAgro, WALTER OECHEL, San Diego State University / University of Exeter, JORGEN EIVIND OLESEN, Aarhus University, JEAN-MARC OURCIVAL, Univ Montpellier, SHIRLEY A. PAPUGA, Wayne State University, FRANS-JAN PARMENTIER, Lund University / University of Oslo, EUGENIE PAUL-LIMOGES, University of Zurich, MARIAN PAVELKA, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, MATTHIAS PEICHL, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, ELISE PENDALL, Western Sydney University, RICHARD P. PHILLIPS, Indiana University Bloomington, KIM PILEGAARD, Technical University of Denmark, NORBERT PIRK, Lund University / CSIRO Land and Water, GABRIELA POSSE, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA), THOMAS POWELL, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, HEIKO PRASSE, Technische Universität Dresden, SUZANNE M. PROBER, CSIRO Land and Water, SERGE RAMBAL, Univ Montpellier, ÜLLAR RANNIK, University of Helsinki, DAVID REED, Michigan State University, VICTOR RESCO DE DIOS, Western Sydney University / Southwest University of Science and Technology, NATALIA RESTREPO-COUPE, University of Arizona, BORJA R. REVERTER, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, HANS PETER SCHMID, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, FREDERIK SCHRADER, Federal Research Institute of Rural Areas, IVAN SCHRODER, Geoscience Australia, RUSSELL L. SCOTT, Southwest Watershed Research Center, PAVEL SEDLÁK, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences / Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, PENÉLOPE SERRANO-ORTÍZ, CEAMA-IISTA / University of Granada, CHANGLIANG SHAO, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, PEILI SHI, Chinese Academy of Sciences, IVAN SHIRONYA, Russian Academy of Sciences, LUKAS SIEBICKE, Bioclimatology, University of Goettingen, LADISLAV SIGUT, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, RICHARD SILBERSTEIN, University of Western Australia / Edith Cowan University, COSTANTINO SIRCA, CMCC / University of Sassari, DONATELLA SPANO, CMCC / University of Sassari, YANHONG TANG, Peking University, NIGEL TAPPER, Monash University, JONATHAN THOM, University of Wisconsin-Madison, FRANK TIEDEMANN, University of Goettingen, MICHELE TOMASSUCCI, University of Tuscia / Terrasystem srl, JUHA-PEKKA TUOVINEN, Finnish Meteorological Institute, SHAWN URBANSKI, Rocky Mountain Research Station, RICCARDO VALENTINI, University of Tuscia / CMCC, MICHIEL VAN DER MOLEN, Wageningen University, EVA VAN GORSEL, Australian National University Canberra, KO VAN HUISSTEDEN, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, ANDREJ VARLAGIN, Russian Academy of Sciences, JOSEPH VERFAILLIE, University of California Berkeley, TIMO VESALA, University of Helsinki, CAROLINE VINCKE, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ROBERTO ZAMPEDRI, Fondazione Edmund Mach, JUNHUI ZHANG, Chinese Academy of Sciences, GUOYI ZHOU, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, NAAMA RAZ-YASEEF, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, ERIC BEAMESDERFER, McMaster University, CARLO TROTTA, University of Tuscia, ELEONORA CANFORA, University of Tuscia / CMCC, LUCA BELELLI MARCHESINI, Fondazione Edmund Mach / RUDN University, ONIL BERGERON, Ministère du Développement durable de l’Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques, JASON BERINGER, University of Western Australia, CHRISTIAN BERNHOFER, Technische Universität Dresden, DANIEL BERVEILLER, Université Paris-Saclay, and DAVE BILLESBACH, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Subjects: Meteorologie en Luchtkwaliteit, Data Descriptor, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Settore AGR/05 - ASSESTAMENTO FORESTALE E SELVICOLTURA, dataset provides ecosystem, UNCERTAINTY, Eddy covariance, Observation météorologique, 01 natural sciences, ecosystem-scale data, lcsh:Science, SITES, Energy, Respiration, Statistics, Uncertainty, Carbon cycle, Biological measurements, Terrestrial biome, RESPIRATION, gapfilling, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Assimilation, Anhídrid carbònic, ddc:500, Net ecosystem exchange, Écosystème, STORAGE, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, ecosystem approaches [EN], Meteorology and Air Quality, ASSIMILATION, Library and Information Sciences, Education, collection [EN], Donnée climatique, Data collection, Water, 15. Life on land, Earth system science, Climate Resilience, Klimaatbestendigheid, lcsh:Q, processing, Climate sciences, Ecophysiology, Storage, Oceanography, Hydrology, Water Resources, 010501 environmental sciences, CARBON-DIOXIDE, ENERGY-BALANCE CLOSURE, ddc:550, Échange d'énergie, FLUXNET2015, Biosphere, Energy balance closure, fluxnet, Computer Science Applications, Collecte de données, Energia, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY, Eddy Covariance, SDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitation, Engineering sciences. Technology, Sensoriamento Remoto, FLUX, 1171 Geosciences, Consistency (database systems), eau, Life Science, Time series, Remote sensing studies, Measurement device, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Ecosystem respiration and photosynthetic, WIMEK, NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE, Pipeline (software), Environmental sciences, Metadata, Earth sciences, Carbon dioxide, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Probability and Uncertainty, Water Systems and Global Change, Dioxyde de carbone
Abstract: The FLUXNET2015 dataset provides ecosystem-scale data on CO2, water, and energy exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere, and other meteorological and biological measurements, from 212 sites around the globe (over 1500 site-years, up to and including year 2014). These sites, independently managed and operated, voluntarily contributed their data to create global datasets. Data were quality controlled and processed using uniform methods, to improve consistency and intercomparability across sites. The dataset is already being used in a number of applications, including ecophysiology studies, remote sensing studies, and development of ecosystem and Earth system models. FLUXNET2015 includes derived-data products, such as gap-flled time series, ecosystem respiration and photosynthetic uptake estimates, estimation of uncertainties, and metadata about the measurements, presented for the frst time in this paper. In addition, 206 of these sites are for the frst time distributed under a Creative Commons (CC-BY 4.0) license. This paper details this enhanced dataset and the processing methods, now made available as open-source codes, making the dataset more accessible, transparent, and reproducible., European Union (EU), United States Department of Energy (DOE)
Published: 2020
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48. Distributed Processor Load Balancing Based on Multi-objective Extremal Optimization

Author: Ivanoe De Falco 1, Eryk Laskowski 2, Richard Olejnik 3, Umberto Scafuri 1, Ernesto Tarantino 1, Marek Tudruj 2, 4, Institute of High Performance Computing and Networking, CNR, Naples, Italy, Institute of High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institue of Computer Science [Pologne], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), in: Montella R., Ciaramella A., Fortino G., Guerrieri A., Liotta A. (eds), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR)
Subjects: Extremal optimization, Extremal Optimization, Message passing multiprocessor, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, Parallel computing, Load balancing (computing), 01 natural sciences, Multi-objective optimization, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Data flow diagram, Single objective, ACM: D.: Software/D.1: PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES, 0103 physical sciences, ACM: D.: Software/D.2: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Processor load balancing, Macro, Nature inspired, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], Distributed program modelling
Abstract: International audience; The paper proposes and discusses distributed processor load balancing algorithms which are based on nature inspired approach of multi-objective Extremal Optimization. Extremal Optimization is used for defining task migration aiming at processor load balancing in execution of graph-represented distributed programs. The analysed multi-objective algorithms are based on three or four criteria selected from the following four choices: the balance of computational loads of processors in the system, the minimal total volume of application data transfers between processors, the number of task migrations during program execution and the influence of task migrations on computational load imbalance and the communication volume. The quality of the resulting load balancing is assessed by simulation of the execution of the distributed program macro data flow graphs, including all steps of the load balancing algorithm. It is done following the event-driven model in a simulator of a message passing multiprocessor system. The experimental comparison of the multi-objective load balancing to the single objective algorithms demonstrated the superiority of the multi-objective approach.
Published: 2019
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49. Complete Trajectory Reconstruction from Sparse Mobile Phone Data

Author: Chen, Guangshuo, Carneiro Viana, Aline, Fiore, Marco, Sarraute, Carlos, INFormation NEtworks (INFINE-POST), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), inTeRnet BEyond the usual (TRiBE ), Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT-CNR), Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Torino] (CNR), Grandata [Buenos Aires], CNR Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering [Torino] (CNR | IEIIT), CNR Istituto di elettronica e di ingegneria dell'informazione e delle telecomunicazioni (CNR | IEIIT), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], location predictability, seamless trajectory reconstruction, data enrichment, lcsh:R858-859.7, human mobility, lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, trajectory unicity, mobile phone dataset
Abstract: International audience; Mobile phone data are a popular source of positioning information in many recent studies that have largely improved our understanding of human mobility. These data consist of time-stamped and geo-referenced communication events recorded by network operators, on a per-subscriber basis. They allow for unprecedented tracking of populations of millions of individuals over long periods that span months. Nevertheless, due to the uneven processes that govern mobile communications, the sampling of user locations provided by mobile phone data tends to be sparse and irregular in time, leading to substantial gaps in the resulting trajectory information. In this paper, we illustrate the severity of the problem through an empirical study of a large-scale Call Detail Records (CDR) dataset. We then propose Context-enhanced Trajectory Reconstruction, a new technique that hinges on tensor factorization as a core method to complete individual CDR-based trajectories. The proposed solution infers missing locations with a median displacement within two network cells from the actual position of the user, on an hourly basis and even when as little as 1% of her original mobility is known. Our approach lets us revisit seminal works in the light of complete mobility data, unveiling potential biases that incomplete trajectories obtained from legacy CDR induce on key results about human mobility laws, trajectory uniqueness, and movement predictability.
Published: 2019
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50. Coral Li/Mg thermometry: Caveats and constraints

Author: Marco Taviani, Louise Bordier, Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández, Claudio Mazzoli, Juan P. Carricart-Ganivet, Paolo Montagna, Malcolm T. McCulloch, Simonepietro Canese, Peter Scott, Eric Douville, Stéphanie Reynaud, Julie Trotter, Aleksey Sadekov, Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza, Denis Allemand, Serguei Damián Rico-Esenaro, Kristan Cuny-Guirriec, Marine Canesi, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Universita degli Studi di Padova, Istituto di Scienze Marine [Bologna] (ISMAR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Biology Department - Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Italian National Institute of Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), School of Earth and Environment (UWA), The University of Western Australia (UWA), Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad National Autonoma de Mexico, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Coral, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Porites, Mineralogy, Caryophyllia, engineering.material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Li/Mg, chemistry.chemical_compound, scleractinian corals, Li/Mg, paleo-temperature proxy, organic matter, calcite contamination, Geochemistry and Petrology, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, calcite contamination, Organic matter, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Madrepora oculata, organic matter, chemistry.chemical_classification, Calcite, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, biology, Aragonite, Geology, biology.organism_classification, paleo-temperature proxy, chemistry, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, engineering, Seawater, scleractinian corals
Abstract: The coral Li/Mg temperature proxy is revisited through an in-depth trace element analysis of scleractinians collected live from tropical to polar environments. The dataset consists of Li/Ca, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Li/Mg ratios from 64 coral specimens belonging to 8 different taxa, including both reef-building zooxanthellate and cold-water non-zooxanthellate species, from a wide range of water temperature (-1 to 29.5 degrees C), salinity (34.71 to 38.61), and depth (3 to 670m). Our results showed that the reliability of the Li/Mg temperature proxy is strongly limited by the organic matter associated with the coral skeleton, which is most evident within the green bands observed in tropical corals. Organic-rich bands can double the Mg content otherwise present in the skeleton, which may ultimately lead to a temperature overestimation exceeding 15 degrees C. We found that this bias can be overcome by the treatment of coral skeletons with a specific oxidizing cleaning protocol. We also detected the presence of calcite deposits within the aragonite skeleton of some Antarctic living coral specimens, which strongly affects the robustness of the Li/Mg proxy given its temperature sensitivity of similar to 1.5 degrees C/1% calcite. Therefore, to obtain reliable reconstructions a correction needs to be applied when organic matter and/or calcite contamination is present, which requires the scrupulous assessment of the integrity of the aragonite prior to geochemical analyses. Given that some species entrap more organic matter than others, and that some are more prone to calcite contamination, a taxon-related effect is apparent. Here we show that the tropical species Porites spp., Pseudodiploria strigosa and Orbicella annularis, and the cold-water species Madrepora oculata, Caryophyllia antarctica and Flabellum impensum, are all suitable candidates for reconstructing seawater temperatures. The integrated results across a wide temperature range, from extreme cold to tropical shallow waters, yield an overall precision for the Li/Mg-temperature proxy of +/- 1.0 degrees C, as quantified by the standard error of estimates. If calculated from the 95% prediction intervals, the uncertainty of the temperature estimates is +/- 0.9 degrees C at 1 degrees C, +/- 1.5 degrees C at 12 degrees C and +/- 2.6 degrees C at 25 degrees C. However, the uncertainty for the tropical corals (e.g. Porites) can be reduced to +/- 0.6 degrees C if a Li/Mg and Sr/Ca multi-regression approach is applied.
Published: 2019
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