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The first ornithological record from Paraná State, Southern Brazil, dates from 1820, when forests covered 83% of the area. There is a lack of studies evaluating how knowledge on species richness increased over time, together with a massive deforestation process. We aimed to describe the changes, by decade, in forest species richness since that time, and to determine how field effort hours were distributed. We reviewed published studies using online databases. We compared forest bird communities between decades with Jaccard Dissimilarity Indices and compared communities' composition among decades with Analysis of Similarity. In 200 years, 421 forest bird species were mentioned. Most of the species were detected until 1980, a likely subset of the avifauna before habitat loss; fewer species (108) were recorded afterward. An increasing number of species (8–20) stopped being recorded by decade from the 1980s. Field effort hours were mentioned in 1984, remaining temporally and spatially uneven. More than 1,000 localities have been inventoried, but most species reports are from Eastern municipalities. Areas within Serra do Mar, Curitiba, and Londrina stand out as protected forests and well-known academic centers. Cerrado endemics corroborated the relevance of exploring different regions, but further studies in this domain are strongly recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Part one of this article introduces the conception of friendship and its connection with forgetfulness in Derrida and the Zhuangzi. Part two deals with the ethical focus of the discourse of friendship in Derrida and the Zhuangzi, which addresses the underlying relationship of oneself-other. Part three reveals how temporality and fleetingness are recognized as elements of friendship by Derrida and the Zhuangzi. While the Zhuangzi lacks the Derridean melancholic tone, this recognition helps both take the disruption, otherness and mourning of friendship into account. Part four relates the Zhuangzian mutual forgetfulness of friends through effortless action (wuwei) to the Derridean criticism of classical friendship as 'the second self' and his assumption of difference, distance and disruption for friendship. Embracing these three 'D's' leads Derrida to the structural ineluctability of forgetting to friendship. However, the Zhuangzi characterizes its ideal friendship in a style of simplicity, calmness, openness, desiring less and avoiding extremity, to emphasize naturalist suitability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The image of dazed, plague-infected rats coming out of their nests and performing a pirouette in front of the surprised eyes of humans before dying is one well-known to us through Albert Camus's The Plague (1947). This article examines the historical roots of this image and its emergence in French missionary narratives about plague outbreaks in the Chinese province of Yunnan in the 1870s on the eve of the Third Plague Pandemic. Showing that accounts of the "staggering rat" were not meant as naturalist observations of a zoonotic disease, as is generally assumed by historians, but as a cosmological, end-of-the-world narrative with a colonial agenda, the article argues for an approach to historical accounts of epidemics that does not succumb to the current trend of "virus hunting" in the archive, but rather takes colonial outbreak narratives ethnographically seriously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article questions a common reading of Section 230 of Beyond Good and Evil as containing a canonical statement of Nietzsche's naturalism. The section cannot be read simply as the programmatic statement of an investigative task, and is relatively vague as to its nature. Nietzsche's aim is aporetic. He presents the naturalist task as involving mental self-cruelty and a struggle with unconscious vanity, suggesting that thinkers have found no way to justify why they choose this task, unless they invoke self-descriptions which are false and belong to a metaphysical conception of truth and inquiry that naturalism must resist. In the Genealogy , Nietzsche revisits this theme and announces his task as that of calling into question these justifications of naturalist inquiry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has two aims: First, to provide an elucidation of the kind of meta-ethical programme at work in Mary Midgley's (1919-2018) Beast and Man: The Roots of Human Nature (published in 1978). Second, to make the case for Midgley's placement within the philosophical and philosophical-historical canon, specifically, as an important figure within the meta-ethical movement of ‘Neo-Aristotelian naturalism'. On historical and systematic grounds, I argue that Midgley should be classified as a neo-Aristotelian ethical naturalist notwithstanding the distinctive features of Midgley’s specific brand of neo-Aristotelianism. In doing so, I suggest a more generally applicable family resemblance approach to the history of philosophy in order to classify and re-introduce into the canon figures in the history of philosophy that are in danger of falling into oblivion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The label realist in the debate about natural kinds can imply different things. Many authors in this debate subscribe to views that are in some way realist, but without making clear whether the realism in question specifically attaches to kind categories or something else. The traditional understanding of realism about natural kinds is stated in terms of the mind-independence criterion. However, a recent tendency in the debate is to reject this understanding on the ground of its incompatibility with naturalistic approaches to natural kinds. The aim of this paper is to disentangle different meanings attached to the term realism about natural kinds and examine arguments for rejecting the traditional mind-independence framing of the debate. I recommend the reestablishment of mind-independent realism as a legitimate contender for naturalist approaches to natural kinds by indicating that mind-independent realists have at their disposal all the resources to subscribe to such an approach. I proceed by showing how keeping the traditional distinction between realist and antirealist views in terms of mind-independence allows us to keep track of important distinctions between different accounts of natural kinds which are otherwise blurred. Then I examine the arguments against this traditional framing and conclude that they either (1) rest on a conflation between mind-independence of kinds versus entities belonging to kinds, or (2) unjustifiably presuppose that mind-independent realists do not have resources to uphold a naturalistic view of natural kinds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article argues for a version of sacred naturalism within the framework of a processual metaphysics that characterizes the cosmos as an interplay between Chaos (disunity) and Logos (unity). I argue that although creativity is highly valuable from the perspective of life and humanity, at a cosmic scale it is overshadowed by the universal tendencies toward conservation and destruction. Within this metaphysical picture I develop a naturalist notion of the sacred as a phenomenological object inspiring particularly intense feelings of inner harmony but functioning eudaemonically to strengthen mind, body, and soul against forms of Chaos, whether anomie, stress, or personal conflict. After developing some criteria for a sacred but immanent meta-unity in contrast to the transcendental unities of traditional religion, I describe how the unity of the cosmos might be experienced as a sacred object by emphasizing its heterarchical, aesthetic and life-affirming dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I explore the problem of human freedom and responsibility in light of current neuroscientific research, particularly focusing on Libet-style experiments. Beginning with a review of significant experiments on the nature of human will, starting with Libet's influential series from the 1980s, I survey various interpretations of these experiments including those that pose challenges to concepts of human freedom and responsibility. Subsequently, I introduce the perspective of Mehmed Akkirmânî (d. 1760), an Ottoman scholar who advocates for a libertarian view of human freedom within an occasionalist framework and constructs sophisticated arguments against theological determinism. Akkirmânî's analysis of human will delineates different aspects such as inclinations, intentions, and decisions, positing that humans possess freedom solely in their conscious decisions, thereby suggesting a limited scope of free will. I argue that Akkirmânî's views are remarkably consonant with contemporary scientific findings and align with some libertarian positions. His occasionalist perspective offers an alternative model to contemporary naturalist physicalism in elucidating the connection between mental and neurophysical states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mnemonics are not only tools that empower memory but also have a significant role in qualitatively transforming mental functions and, hence, consciousness in general. A specific type of mnemonics is autobiographical mnemonics (AM) constructed of spatial, temporal, and semantic dimensions used in a naturalist form by individuals about their own experiences. This paper proposes a spatial–temporal mnemonic that transforms AM from a naturalist level into an artificial one. We consider allowing the intellect and consciousness to grasp the abstract flow of time in the global context of geography will contribute to setting the stage for creativity. By explicitly representing the abstract time–space theater, the intellect (the world view) is more able to reflect the abstract laws of reality (the world), hence, to make the intellect sphere objectively equipped to externalize the emerged meanings (the internalized reality) that reflect the internal content of experience and, hence, make sense of them as a crucial function in creative activity. The paper is a theoretical and methodological step for the empirical part of the proposal when the mnemonic should be used as a training tool to empower creativity factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article was inspired by the discovery of a 1939 postcard from E.W. Swanton, found in his plant galls textbook, responding to a gall inquiry from naturalist C.P. Hurst. Topics include Swanton's identification of oak leaf galls, historical insights into botanical terminology; and the personal connection between Swanton and Hurst as naturalist correspondents.

Life-curriculum vision is a reasoning plan for or of educating that guides human actions. A vision is a reasoning plan for educating, should a plan be prescribed as strictly guiding human actions; or a plan of educating, should a plan be generated after actions have already taken place. As such, this life-history study explored and interrogated lessons learnt by means of and through Prof M’s life-curriculum vision that helped him to understand his unique identities and to manage his life-objective reality. Prof M’s vision and pragmatic paradigm produced a natural identity framework for this purposive and convenient individual life-history study based on photo voices, semi-structured interviews, and reflective activities as the data-generation methods. Prof M’s narratives were evaluated by his family, relatives, colleagues, and friends. The findings revealed that, through his life-curriculum vision, he had become a pragmatist, naturalist, and agnostic, deploying his experiences of societal, professional, personal, and natural identities. Consequently, this study recommends that individuals reflect on and critique their experiences. Such reflection and critique may allow them to create their own relevant unique tools, enabling them to address both their personal needs (personal identity) and their societal and professional needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Dodo and its extinct sister species, the Solitaire, are iconic exemplars of the destructive capabilities of humanity. These secondarily terrestrial columbids became extinct within a century of their first encounter with humanity. Their rapid extinction, with little material retained in natural history collections, led 18th and some early 19th century naturalists to believe that these aberrant birds were mythological. This meant that the nomenclatural publications in which their scientific nomina were established were based on accounts written before the species became extinct. As such, no type specimens were designated for either the Dodo or the Solitaire. Our in-depth historical overview of both species and associated family-group nomina found that the nominal authority of the Dodo-based family group is not what is reported in the literature. Moreover, our detailed review of the family-group nomina based on columbid genera ensures that the current columbid family-group systematization is valid. Changing nomenclatural norms between the 19th and 20th centuries had a profound impact on Dodo nomenclature; so much so that the Dodo is an example of how pervasive nomenclatural 'ripples' can be and a warning for our current world of multiple nomenclatural codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much of contemporary metaethics revolves around the issue of “naturalism.” However, there is little agreement on what “naturalism” is or why it should be of significance. In this paper, I aim to rectify this situation by providing a set of necessary conditions on what positions ought to count as “naturalistic.” A metaethical view should count as an instance of naturalism only if it claims that there can be evidence for normative claims that is both public and spatiotemporal. I argue that, unlike other characterizations of “naturalism,” this view shows a clear difference between many metaethical positions and the sciences. The view thereby renders debates about naturalism philosophically significant: the division between naturalists and non‐naturalists is that between philosophers who hold that ethics is relevantly similar to the sciences and those who deny this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mobile professional and familial network of Shiʿi Muslim naturalists emerged from Kārkiyā'ī Gilan and served royal courts across much of the Persianate world during the 16th and into the 17th centuries. While its members have been known in different historiographic contexts, they have not been studied together as a unique inter-Asian society that endured according to intrinsic logics cultivated at its point of origin and numerous trans-regional homes. Mapping this network, I argue that they promoted their own kind by whetting the appetites of Persianate courts hungry for specialists to strengthen sovereignty through the universalizing power of ḥikmat , comprised of interrelated theoretical and practical sciences that the Gilanis mastered. Their endurance not only calls into question scales of analysis that amalgamate migrant networks as "Iranians," "Persianate elites," or "foreigners," which overlook such ties, but it demonstrates how shared origins superseded sectarian identity in the maintenance of such networks across time and space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How, if at all, can scientific progress improve our view of the modal facts? According to rationalist approaches to modal epistemology, science has no substantive role: a priori reflection reveals the structure of modal space, and a posteriori science merely locates us within that modal space, by identifying the actual properties and structures instantiated at our world. According to modal naturalist approaches, science provides evidence about the structure of the underlying modal space. In this paper I distinguish four versions of modal naturalism, with science playing an increasingly robust evidential role, and discuss their plausibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

William Healey Dall, one of the leading American naturalists of the late nineteenth century, was active in several different disciplines, including geology, paleontology, oceanography, invertebrate zoology and anthropology. While known primarily for his work in Alaska, Dall also did significant research in Florida. Through a series of expeditions from 1885–1893 and the extensive writing that accompanied them, Dall contributed greatly to our knowledge of Florida's geologic origins and development. His findings on the peninsula, especially his landmark Contributions to the Tertiary Fauna of Florida, continue to influence scientists today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals of Philosophy / Roczniki Filozoficzne is the property of John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Faculty of Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article overviews Hauptmann’s naturalist dramaturgy with an emphasis on the play Lonely Lives and references to a recent staging by the National Theater of Iași. Thus, we aim to reveal the loneliness of the characters (ordinary temperaments with common destinies, unlike those in other plays) on a vivid metaphorical level, given by faith and the lack of it, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a detailed reconstruction of Theophrastus' account of human ontogeny, which is built around Aristotle's notoriously difficult claim in Generation of Animals II 3 that "νοῦς alone enters from without." I argue that this account (which is known to us via quotes from Theophrastus' de Anima II and On Motion I) provides a viable alternative to the traditional trilemma between naturalist traducianism, creationism, and pre-existence, as well as offering an attractive but so far unappreciated interpretation of Aristotle's account of human ontogeny. More specifically, I argue that the extant evidence poses a challenge to the two dominant interpretations of "νοῦς from without" in the last decades: a dialectical one, according to which Aristotle ultimately rejects this claim, and a naturalizing one (often inspired by Alexander of Aphrodisias) that obliterates the essential difference between νοῦς and the other parts of the soul. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Italy, the selenopid spider Selenops radiatus Latreille, 1819, was hitherto only known from the Aeolian Archipelago (northeastern Sicily), with a record from the island of Alicudi and plausible sightings from the island of Filicudi. In this paper, we present twentysix new records from Sicily sensu stricto and its satellite islands, consisting of observations gathered from online naturalist networks and one adult specimen collected from the area where most observations were made. Nearly all records were made in buildings or similar artificial habitats, supporting the hypothesis that occurrences of S. radiatus are mainly limited to synanthropic environments in Sicily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay examines how eighteenth-century naturalists selected, read, and used textual and visual sources of the past to construct chronologies of the aurora borealis from antiquity to their present. Frequent sightings of the northern lights in Europe from 1707 onward prompted investigations into not only their physical properties but also their historical patterns. These searches encountered a twofold problem. Because the term "aurora borealis" was a seventeenth-century neologism, the recovery of auroras avant la lettre required discerning them amid the various aerial spectacles described in older records. Further complicating the task was the eighteenth-century authors' suspicion of these documents as tainted by the superstitions of an "unenlightened" past. Nevertheless, these self-proclaimed "enlightened" commentators relied on the very sources they criticized in their search for lost auroras. The essay investigates how different Enlightenment auroral observers fashioned their own criteria for identifying "true" auroras through practices of extricating verbal and visual descriptions in older sources from their original contexts of portentous interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Museum Africa has more than 300 sketches and paintings by William John Burchell (1781-1863), the famous naturalist and traveller. The National Library of South Africa has a small book of seventeen of his field sketches dating from 14 October 1814 to 5 April 1815. All but one of the sketches are views from between Mossel Bay and Stellenbosch drawn during Burchell’s return to Cape Town from the Kalahari. They fill a gap in the pictorial record of his return journey, the narrative of which was omitted from his Travels in the Interior of Southern Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Against recent naturalist critiques of Kant and interpretations of Hegel, it can be shown that Hegel's accounts of consciousness and mind (Geist) commit him to a distinctly supernatural, post-Kantian idealist concept of subjectivity. While Kant describes this subjectivity as independent, unconditioned and self-positing, he relies on the notion of an interplay of two distinct realms — labelled the 'natural'-phenomenal and the 'supernatural'-noumenal — to justify it. While Fichte accepts Kant's description of the structure of supernatural subjectivity, he rejects the two-realms-doctrine by arguing that Kant's prioritization of the realms' difference renders their unity unintelligible. Instead, Fichte maintains that all of reality is posited by a subjectivity that posits itself and then posits the objective world, thereby rendering the natural dependent on the supernatural. While Hegel agrees with Kant and Fichte on the supernatural properties of subjectivity, he rejects Fichte's prioritization of supernatural subjectivity over natural objectivity and argues that both the supernatural and the natural are aspects of supernatural Geist. Although Hegel ultimately contrasts subjective Geist with objective nature, grounding both in the notion of the metaphysical idea, his idealist commitment to the supernatural subjectivity of consciousness and Geist renders his accounts of mind and cognition incompatible with recent naturalist interpretations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In his preface to Thérèse Raquin (1867), Zola declares he will expose the inner truth of his characters. In the novel, however, it is the heroine's exterior that is scrutinised. Thérèse is physiognomically European, and her appearance hides the passionate disposition she has inherited from her indigenous Algerian mother. Her whiteness, Zola suggests, is merely a performance. Zola's treatment of Thérèse is consistent with the anxiety around racial purity propagated by pseudoscientific circles of his time, and Zola's Naturalist method can be seen as a highly racialising process that patrols the boundaries of whiteness, which mixed-race bodies threaten to transgress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Samuel Holker Haslam (1797–1856) was an English naturalist whose plant and insect specimens are extant in several museum collections. Born into a family of cotton manufacturers in Lancashire, Haslam used his inherited wealth to set himself up as a country gentleman, eventually settling near Milnthorpe in Westmorland. He was a bibliophile, subscribing to several important fine colour-plate books on natural history and gardening, a Fellow of the Linnean Society of London and a member of many other societies spanning botany, entomology, palaeontology, agriculture and antiquarianism. He collected primarily in the Lake District (Westmorland, Cumberland and north Lancashire), West Yorkshire, Cheshire, Cambridgeshire, Gloucestershire, Somerset and the Channel Islands, especially Guernsey. His activities exemplify the role played by independent collectors in documenting early nineteenth-century British natural history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Henry Gustave Hiller was born in Chorlton-cum-Hardy, England, in 1864. He worked in Liverpool as a stained glass artist, but was also a keen microscopist and an amateur entomologist and arachnologist, with a particular interest in the life histories of spiders. He was an active member of Liverpool's natural history societies in his leisure time where he combined his passion for natural history with his artistic talent. His arachnology and entomological illustrations of Argyroneta aquatica, Chironomidae and Culicidae are part of the zoology collections of National Museums Liverpool's World Museum. In retirement, he lived at Rhosneigr, Anglesey, Wales, where he studied and illustrated the reproductive structures of marine algae. The watercolour sketches of the British marine algae he prepared are preserved in the collections of National Museums Liverpool's World Museum herbarium (LIV) along with the dried specimens of seaweeds that he collected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1826, William Darlington (1782–1863) published Florula Cestrica, a local flora covering the area of his hometown of West Chester, Pennsylvania. It was Darlington's first book on botany, but he would subsequently publish many more and become one of the most respected naturalists in America. Intended for both a local and an international audience, the work drew inspiration from the area's rich botanical heritage and served the local collector, while it also announced Darlington's arrival within the larger world of botanical practice. In addition to existing botanical literature, Darlington cited his local and regional botanical influences to bolster his observations. His book identified dozens of specific sites as plant habitats in the West Chester area and included property owners' names and the uses to which many of his neighbours put the plants growing around them. Darlington's observations were filled with his personal judgments of people and plants, making Florula Cestrica a textual artefact of the embodied practice of botany. Darlington's attention to detail, people and place set his Florula Cestrica apart within the genre of North American local floras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insect navigation has become a fascinating and ever expanding field of neuroethological research. From sphecid wasps, honey bees, and desert ants to monarch butterflies and bogong moths, and even to drosophilid flies, several species are now intensively studied by several research groups using various experimental approaches and formulating various hypotheses about how insects find their way. Some species like the hymenopterans mentioned above are central place foragers performing round-trip journeys from and to their home base. Others like the lepidopterans are migrants embarking on long-distance journeys to-and-fro, with individuals either journeying one-way (and the next generations travelling back) or both ways. Given this diversity of navigational challenges for the animals it is important to understand the ecological setting within which each navigator operates, the tasks it actually must accomplish, and the various modes of behavior that evolved for tackling these tasks. Hence, conceptual approaches and experimental design should be firmly rooted in detailed studies of the navigator's natural history. Here, I let the reader join us in our approaches of studying desert ant navigation by illustrating, as an example, the design of our varied channel paradigms. I tell my story in a personal as well as an essayistic and narrative style, not least because the formal scheme of scientific papers may run the risk of hiding or even misrepresenting the historical and idiosyncratic ways of how the described research has actually been done. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Tafel-Reden of Ferdinand I (1503-64) provide a direct insight into scientific and other matters that the Habsburg emperor had to discuss at court. The document comprises over two hundred pages on topics as diverse as zoology, sexuality, technology, geography, history, and politics. It was recorded by the Saxon physician Johann Neefe (1499-1574) from autumn 1563 until spring 1564 and printed in 1674. This article analyzes the Tafel-Reden together with dedicatory letters and other encomia from physicians and naturalists to the emperor. It demonstrates that natural history was subject to lively discussion at table, drawing mainly on the knowledge of ancient authorities such as Aristotle and Hippocrates. Reports of sensational, occult, and miraculous phenomena also attracted attention. Neefe gives an impression of Emperor Ferdinand's personality, a ruler commonly known as the "father of the Peace of Augsburg" (1555), by making him appear as a relaxed and open-minded conversationalist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to moral non‐naturalism, the kind of genuine or robust normativity that is characteristic of moral requirements cannot be accounted for within a wholly naturalistic worldview, but requires us to posit a domain of non‐natural properties and facts. The main argument for this core non‐naturalist claim appeals to what David Enoch calls the 'just‐too‐different intuition'. According to Enoch, robust normativity cannot be natural, since it is just too different from anything natural. Derek Parfit makes essentially the same claim under the heading of 'the normativity objection', and several other non‐naturalists have said similar things. While some naturalists may be tempted to reject this argument as methodologically or dialectically illegitimate, we argue instead that there are important limits to what the just‐too‐different intuition can show, even setting all other worries aside. More specifically, we argue that the just‐too‐different argument will backfire on any positive, independent specification of the distinction between the natural and the non‐natural. The upshot is that the just‐too‐different argument can show significantly less than non‐naturalists have suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with Michel Serres’s critique of property. Through the concept of ‘le propre,’ which in French can mean both ‘clean’ and ‘one’s own,’ and a naturalist reading of Rousseau, he proposes a ‘stercorian’ eco-criticism of property. Focusing on concepts of limits provides a fruitful angle from which to illuminate Serres’s critique of law and property. The first section will introduce Serres as a thinker of limits, borders, and boundaries. In the second and third parts, attention will be drawn to his eco-criticism of law and property from a feminist and philosophy of science perspective, concluding with a fourth part, in which Serres’s approach will be contextualized in relation to other naturalisms. His work has far-reaching consequences for discourses of human agency in the context of the Anthropocene and makes a crucial contribution to how a new naturalist criticism of property might be conceived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cahiers Victoriens & Edouardiens is the property of Presses Universitaires de la Mediterranee and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the field of scientific debate on normativity today we can find two extreme positions of naturalists and normativists. For pure naturalists, there is no such thing as a normative fact. In this article, we analyze the bifurcated anatomy of the application of the perfect legal norm provision to demonstrate the nature of normative conative facts and to provide examples of such facts. The main hypothesis is the idea that by redefining logically possible worlds by enriching them with new types of fundamental facts, such as institutional social facts and normative conative facts, we will form the foundations for explaining the effective applicability of "classical" logic to the field of normativity and special law. In the conclusion of the study, we put forward a conceptual framework for such a redefinition of logically possible worlds for the system of Transparent Intensional Logic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tropical and warm-temperate eastern Australian muricid snail Tenguella marginalba (Blainville, 1832), unknown in Victoria prior to 1982, is formally reported as established in far eastern Victoria. It also occurs in southernmost New South Wales. The Marine Research Group of the Field Naturalists Club of Victoria (MRG) first detected it at Mallacoota in 1982, and subsequent surveys by the MRG and others have confirmed its local persistence. This paper maps its appearance and range in Victoria over time, based on MRG records and other literature references. A possible cause for its Victorian incursion is the warming of the Eastern Australian Current through climate change. Recent Victorian intertidal records of other warm-temperate marine invertebrates not typically found in eastern Victoria are provided as possible co-examples of this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 3 September 1895, the American naturalist Dr William L. Abbott wrote to the curator of the Smithsonian Institution Otis Mason stating that he had shipped artefacts for his department as well as other objects from Madagascar. In January 1895, Dr Abbott had returned to Madagascar, after his January 1890 journey to the Red Island, to fight alongside the Malagasy in their war against the French. Abbott accomplished the expedition of 1895 during an exceptionally dif- ficult period for the Kingdom of Madagascar, a period that ushered in the dramatic end of Merina sovereignty. The article studies such period through the unpublished correspondence of the American naturalist and proposes a reconstruction of his activity as collector in Madagascar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Environmental Education is the property of Canadian Journal of Environmental Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The South Carolina Master Naturalist Program provides nature-based education to citizen volunteers who will promote environmental stewardship and is offered at six host sites across the state. We conducted a mixed-methods evaluation (the integration of qualitative and quantitative data) of the South Carolina Master Naturalist Program. Overall, the South Carolina Master Naturalist Program is achieving its mission but there were some differences between host sites. We identified where there were differences and why those differences may exist. We make recommendations to help strengthen the program across all host sites in the areas of program fidelity, delivery, and administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Confluenze. Rivista di Studi Iberoamericani is the property of Universita di Bologna, Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature e Culture Moderne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents the contributions of Benedykt Dybowski to the natural history of Steller's sea cow - a marine mammal species, that had become extinct in the 18th c. Dybowski's impact is highlighted in his iconic discoveries concerning the biology of this species. Namely, he revealed and described the sexual dimorphism of the Steller's sea cow and was the first to propose the climatic hypothesis concerning its extinction. Furthermore, Dybowski sent the largest number of skulls and bones representing this species to European museums in the 19th c. Today, these artifacts are deposited in seven museums in five countries (England, Ukraine, Poland, Austria, and Monaco). Unfortunately, specimens sent to Polish scientific institutions were looted or destroyed during both world wars. Sources examined in the present paper picture Dybowski as a prominent zoologist who worked within an international network of other outstanding specialists of that time - especially Władysław Taczanowski of the Warsaw Zoological Cabinet. The documents analyzed here shed new light on the work of naturalists and museum workers, revealing behind-the-scenes complexities of purchasing scarce and valuable zoological specimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates Edmund Gosse's Father and Son (1907) through the lens of the queer blue humanities. Drawing on the marine science of the English naturalist Philip Henry Gosse and the Jamaican naturalist Richard Hill, and the fin-de-siècle literary interest in the queer littoral, I show how encounters with coastal life fostered playful, fluid ways of thinking about gender and sexuality. At the same time, they also shed light on the precarity of a sea's edge subject to a rapidly growing tourist and collecting industry, and, in this way, merge queer and ecological forms of desire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article I argue against the thesis that the naturalization of aesthetics and anthropology – that is, the reduction of language, art and human subjectivity to their material substrate – is an adequate means to advance an emancipatory political project that can offer a rebuff to the disturbing phenomena of late postmodernity. I discuss this thesis by referring to the critical reception of Kacper Bartczak’s poetry, on the example of articles by Grzegorz Jankowicz, Anna Kałuża and Dawid Kujawa. I propose an outline of the naturalist stance present in these texts and identify some of the aesthetic means applied in Bartczak’s poetry volume Naworadiowa (2019) that correspond with it. I indicate potential links between naturalism and Richard Rorty’s neopragmatism and, citing the work of Walter Benn Michaels, point to the contradiction contained in the notion of naturalistic politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]