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BACKGROUND: Low levels of physical activity (PA) are a global concern and increasing PA engagement is becoming a priority in current public health policies. Despite the large number of studies and reviews available, the evidence regarding the behavioral determinants of PA is still inconclusive. Thus, the aim of this umbrella systematic literature review (SLR) was to summarize the evidence on the behavioral determinants of PA across the life course. METHODS: A systematic online search was conducted on MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases. The search was limited to studies published in English from January, 2004 to April, 2016. SLRs and meta-analyses (MAs) of observational studies that investigated the behavioral determinants of PA were considered eligible. The extracted data were assessed based on the importance of the determinants, the strength of evidence, and the methodological quality. The full protocol is available from PROSPERO (PROSPERO 2014:CRD42015010616). RESULTS: Seventeen reviews on 35 behavioral determinants of PA were eligible for this umbrella SLR. Regardless of age, the most investigated determinants were those related with 'screen use' and 'smoking'. For youth, probable positive evidence emerged for 'previous PA' and 'independent mobility and active transport' among children and adolescents. For the adult population, 'transition to university' and 'pregnancy/having a child' showed probable negative associations. CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of the evidence was limited and most of the determinants were not associated with PA, this umbrella SLR provided a comprehensive overview of the associations between behavioral determinants and PA. Youth should be physically active in the early years and increase active transportation to/from school, independent mobility, and 'free-range activities' without adult supervision, whilst adult PA behaviors are mostly influenced by the life events. Finally, more research is needed that incorporates prospective study designs, standardized definitions of PA, objective measurement methods of PA assessment, and the use of interactionist and mediational approaches for the evaluation of different behavioral determinants influencing PA behaviors.

International audience; BACKGROUND:Active transportation has been associated with favorable health outcomes. Previous research highlighted the influence of neighborhood educational level on active transportation. However, little is known regarding the effect of commuting distance on social disparities in active commuting. In this regard, women have been poorly studied. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the relationship between neighborhood educational level and active commuting, and to assess whether the commuting distance modifies this relationship in adult women.METHODS:This cross-sectional study is based on a subsample of women from the Nutrinet-Santé web-cohort (N = 1169). Binomial, log-binomial and negative binomial regressions were used to assess the associations between neighborhood education level and (i) the likelihood of reporting any active commuting time, and (ii) the share of commuting time made by active transportation modes. Potential effect measure modification of distance to work on the previous associations was assessed both on the additive and the multiplicative scales.RESULTS:Neighborhood education level was positively associated with the probability of reporting any active commuting time (relative risk = 1.774; p < 0.05) and the share of commuting time spent active (relative risk = 1.423; p < 0.05). The impact of neighborhood education was greater at long distances to work for both outcomes.CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggest that neighborhood educational disparities in active commuting tend to increase with commuting distance among women. Further research is needed to provide geographically driven guidance for health promotion intervention aiming at reducing disparities in active transportation among socioeconomic groups.

Background: Ecological models are currently the most used approaches to classify and conceptualise determinants\ud of sedentary behaviour, but these approaches are limited in their ability to capture the complexity of and interplay\ud between determinants. The aim of the project described here was to develop a transdisciplinary dynamic framework,\ud grounded in a system-based approach, for research on determinants of sedentary behaviour across the life span and\ud intervention and policy planning and evaluation.\ud \ud Methods: A comprehensive concept mapping approach was used to develop the Systems Of Sedentary behaviours\ud (SOS) framework, involving four main phases: (1) preparation, (2) generation of statements, (3) structuring (sorting and\ud ranking), and (4) analysis and interpretation. The first two phases were undertaken between December 2013 and\ud February 2015 by the DEDIPAC KH team (DEterminants of DIet and Physical Activity Knowledge Hub). The last\ud two phases were completed during a two-day consensus meeting in June 2015.\ud \ud Results: During the first phase, 550 factors regarding sedentary behaviour were listed across three age groups\ud (i.e., youths, adults and older adults), which were reduced to a final list of 190 life course factors in phase 2 used during\ud the consensus meeting. In total, 69 international delegates, seven invited experts and one concept mapping consultant\ud attended the consensus meeting. The final framework obtained during that meeting consisted of six clusters of\ud determinants: Physical Health and Wellbeing (71 % consensus), Social and Cultural Context (59 % consensus), Built\ud and Natural Environment (65 % consensus), Psychology and Behaviour (80 % consensus), Politics and Economics\ud (78 % consensus), and Institutional and Home Settings (78 % consensus). Conducting studies on Institutional\ud Settings was ranked as the first research priority. The view that this framework captures a system-based map of\ud determinants of sedentary behaviour was expressed by 89 % of the participants.\ud \ud Conclusion: Through an international transdisciplinary consensus process, the SOS framework was developed for\ud the determinants of sedentary behaviour through the life course. Investigating the influence of Institutional and\ud Home Settings was deemed to be the most important area of research to focus on at present and potentially the\ud most modifiable. The SOS framework can be used as an important tool to prioritise future research and to develop\ud policies to reduce sedentary time

This report describes the work carried out in Task 9.2 and aims a) to summarize the data collected during the Wize Mirror (WM) validation campaign in WP9 and b) to outline the main results obtained from data analysis. In this framework, this reports provides: 1. A description of all data collected in the three validation sites; 2. Statistical analysis of data in relation to reference measurements; 3. Analysis of correlation of the SEMEOTICONS Wellness Index (WI) with validated medical scores.

The user requirements, specified in this document, will guide the development of the first prototype version of the system, and are expected to be updated during the course of the project, in particular after the first Release of the applications and services at month 18.