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Fungal keratitis is a major ophthalmic problem worldwide specially in tropical and subtropical region. It is common in India due to the tropical climate and a large agrarian population that is at risk. Materials & Methods: The 3 cases for this case series we have taken from ophthalmology OPD having suspected fungal ulcer or vegetative trauma to the eye. Conjunctival swab cultures were carried out from affected eye and do the mycological investigations (10% KOH & culture over the SDA culture media) and clinically normal cases to study the fungal flora of conjunctival sac. Results: The fungal etiology in the causation of corneal ulcer varies in relation to age, sex and occupation of the patients and climatic condition of the region. The prevalence of mycotic corneal ulcer is more among male agriculture workers in the age group of 40 -60 years. Fungal corneal ulcer occurs more frequently during the harvesting season of the year. Minor vegetative trauma to cornea acts as precipitating factor of kerato mycosis mostly by the vegetative origin like paddy leaves straw, etc. Out of topical antifungal agents Fluconazole, Natamycin and voriconazole, Fluconazole has edge over Natamycin and Voriconazole in treating mycotic corneal ulcer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Muzaffar. Maqbool, Zafar. Shah, Fayaz. Wani, Abdul. Wahid, Shaheena. Parveen, Arjumand. Nazir Background: Corticosteroid insufficiency in acute illness can be difficult to discern clinically. Occult adrenal insufficiency[sup] (i.e., ∆max [...]

Background: Pseudoexfoliation causes characteristic corneal endothelial changes leading to corneal decompensation and loss of corneal transparency severely affecting vision. Objectives: To evaluate morphological changes in corneal endothelial cells and central corneal thickness in pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) and to compare it with age matched patients without pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Material and Methods: A hospital based, cross sectional analytical study was conducted at Upgraded Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College/hospital, Jammu in which total of 46 patients planned for cataract surgery were included (23 patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and 23 patients without pseudoexfoliation syndrome). Corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), percentage of hexagonal cells, coefficient of variation (CV) in cell size, and central corneal thickness (CCT) were measured using specular microscopy. Results: The mean ECD was 2325.1 ± 383.1 in the PXS group and 2763 ± 351.3 in the control group respectively, and ECD in the PXS group was significantly lower than in that in the control group (p=0.0002). The percentage of hexagonal cells was 48.3 ± 5.7 in PXS group and 51.5 ± 4.6 in the control group respectively, and percentage of hexagonal cells was significantly lower than that in the control group (p=0.04). The cell size coefficient of variation was 33.9 ± 2.6 in the PXS group and 33.0 ± 3.1 in the control group respectively, and patients with PXS had no statistically significant difference in cell size coefficient of variation compared to control group (p=0.29). The CCT was 509.0 ± 27.3 in the PXS group and 529.0 ± 23.6 in the control group respectively, and CCT in the PXS group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p=0.01). Conclusion: In our study the ECD and CCT was significantly lower in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome regardless of the presence of pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]