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Cyclotrichium origanifolium is a medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. In this study, phenolic content analysis, antimicrobial effects, and cytotoxic effects of extracts of C. origanifolium were investigated. In the extracts, phenolic compound analysis by the liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method, antimicrobial effect by the minimum inhibition concentration method, and cytotoxic effect on human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), glioblastoma cell (U87), ovarian adenocarcinoma cell (Skov-3), and human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell (CaCo-2) cancer cell lines were investigated. Cytotoxicity analyses were performed by the MTT method. In addition, the GST and AChE enzyme activities of the extracts were also measured. Around 18 compounds were detected in both the methanol and ethanol extract. It was found that the best antimicrobial effect on Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa was on methanol extract, while the ethanol extract was on Candida albicans fungus (respectively, 2.50 mg/ml, 5.0 μg/ml). A 500 μg/ml of methanol extract has been shown to have cytotoxic activity high effect on HDF cells. GST and AChE activity were found to decrease in a concentration-dependent manner.

Rumex acetosella L. (sorrel) is a plant belonging to the Polygonaceous family and is a species that grows naturally across Turkey. In this study, the characterization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained from the Rumex acetocella L. (RA) plant using the green synthesis method was performed and their antimicrobial activities were investigated. AgNPs were successfully synthesized in the first stage of the study using plant extract taken from plant samples collected from the natural growing environment. Characterization of synthesized AgNPs was performed using appropriate analytical methods (UV-vis, FT-IR, XRD, SEM-EDX, TEM, Zeta Potential and Zeta Sizer). According to the analysis results, it was determined that AgNPs had a maximum absorbance at 476 nm wavelength, a pentagonal, hexagonal, and spherical appearance, a size of 29.16 nm, and a zeta potential of -9.88 mV. The antimicrobial activities of AgNPs were tested using the microdilution technique, in which Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) values were determined on gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli bacteria and Candida albicans fungus. It showed a very strong antimicrobial effect on C. albicans, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Consequently, AgNPs had stronger antimicrobial activity at low concentrations and when compared to commercial antibiotics.

Cyclotricium origanifolium is a plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family and is a species that grows in the Western and Southern Anatolian regions of Turkey. In our study, the antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) were investigated through Cyclotricium origanifolium plant extract. Characterization processes of the obtained AgNPs, suitable spectral analysis methods; Uv-Vis was determined by FT-IR, SEM-EDX, XRD. According to the results of the analysis, it was determined that the AgNPs were spherical in shape and had an average diameter of 17.60 nm. The antimicrobial effect of AgNPs was determined by the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) method. Gram positive as test microorganisms; Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and gram negative; Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, and Candida albicans fungal pathogen species were used. The suppression of microorganism growth was investigated by comparing the efficacy of standard antibiotics used in our study with AgNPs produced by the green synthesis method. It has been observed that the obtained AgNPs have a very strong effect on gram-positive B. subtilis and gram-negative E. coli bacteria, and are more effective against C. albicans than the normal antifungal drug. It was determined that the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs produced from C. origanifolium L. plants showed a stronger effect than standard antibiotics.

Water is an important part of the ecosystem for life. With industrialization, pollution in water resources has reached a worrying level. Water pollution due to heavy metals and their increasing concentrations have caused researchers to increase their interest in the subject due to the damage they cause to water ecosystems. It requires serious cost and time to eliminate the pollution caused by heavy metals in water. In recent years, the use of biosorption method using bacteria to remove heavy metals in water has become widespread. The main reason why this method is preferred is that gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer on the cell wall and increases the adsorption capacity. In this study, in drinking, waste, river water and artificially prepared samples, batch method of heavy metal biosorption and biosorption competition in multiple prepared heavy metal solutions were investigated. For these processes, Bacillus licheniformis sp. Bacillus subtilis sp. and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051) strains were used as a biosorbent. Biosorbtion of Cd (II), Cu (II), Pb (II), Fe (II), Ni (II) and Zn (II) metals from waters with these biosorbents at different pHs at 25 ° C with 0.25 mg L-1 It was carried out using. Surface morphological structures of biosorbents were evaluated using SEM images and element compositions were evaluated using EDAX profile. Element content was determined using ICP-OES. It was determined that heavy metal ions were removed up to 98% with maximum biosorption at pH 6.0.

In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized economically and simply using an environmentally friendly method with the extract obtained from agricultural waste olive leaves. AgNPs synthesized according to the analysis data were determined to have maximum absorbance at 433.5 nm wavelength, spherical appearance, 7.2 nm crystal nano size and -19.9 mV zeta potential. It was determined by the microdilution method with Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) that AgNPs exert a suppressive effect on the growth of pathogen gram-negative, positive bacteria and yeast at very low concentrations. The cytotoxic effects of the particles were investigated on healthy cell lines (HDF) and cancerous cell lines (U118, CaCo-2, Skov-3). AgNPs showed up to 70% suppression in cancer cell lines.

In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using Prunus spinosa (PS) fruit extract in an easy, low-cost and environmentally friendly way. According to the Ultraviolet (UV)-visible Spectrophotometer analysis data, the nanocrystals showed a characteristic peak at 438.3 nm. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analyzes revealed that the morphological structures of the biosynthesized AgNPs were spherical. According to the results of XRD analysis, it was determined that the crystal structures of AgNPs were cubic. The size of the nanoparticles was calculated as 29,34 nm by the Debye-Scherrer equation. The zeta size of the synthesized nanomaterial was measured as 117.4 nm. Inhibitory effects of AgNPs on food pathogens Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC25922 and Candida albicans were revealed by the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) method.Keywords: AFM, Food pathogens, FT-IR, TEM, XRD., Bu çalışmada, gümüş nanopartiküller (AgNP'ler) Prunus spinosa (PS) meyve özütü kullanılarak kolay, düşük maliyetli ve çevre dostu bir şekilde sentezlendi. Ultraviyole (UV)-görünür Spektrofotometre analiz verilerine göre, nanokristaller 438.3 nm'de karakteristik bir tepe noktası gösterdi. Alan Emisyon Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (FE-SEM), Transmisyon Elektron Mikroskobu (TEM) ve Atomik Güç Mikroskopisi (AFM) analizleri, biyosentezlenen AgNP'lerin morfolojik yapılarının küresel olduğunu ortaya koydu. XRD analizi sonuçlarına göre AgNP'lerin kristal yapılarının kübik olduğu belirlendi. Nanopartiküllerin boyutu, Debye-Scherrer denklemi ile 29,34 nm olarak hesaplandı. Sentezlenen nanomalzemenin zeta boyutu 117.4 nm olarak ölçülmüştür. AgNP’lerin gıda patojenleri olan Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC25922 ve Candida albicans üzerindeki inhibisyon etkileri Minimum İnhibitör Konsantrasyon (MİK) yöntemiyle ortaya konuldu.

In this study, in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase and phenolic profile of different solvent extracts of Scilla mesopotamica speta were determined in detail. In vitro antioxidant activities and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of plant extracts obtained with different solvents were tested in terms of 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities. The highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were determined in the ethyl acetate extract (62.24 mu g GAE/mg) and chloroform extract (87.72 mu g QE/mg) respectively. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was detected in ethyl acetate extracts. Antimicrobial and antifungal activities were investigated by MIC method. The inhibitory activities of the extracts on the acetyl cholinesterase enzyme were investigated. Liquid chromatography (LC) tandem mass spectrometry LC-MS/MS was used to determine the phenolic component content of extracts. Thirty-one different components were identified in the analyses and their amounts were measured. Practical applications Scilla mesopotamica speta is an endemic and medicinal plant. It was determined that the extracts of this plant had a very rich content in terms of phenolic compounds, especially caffeic and ferulic acids. However, this plant was remarkable for its antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities. Considering the strong antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzyme inhibition activities of the Scilla mesopotamica speta it can be suggested as a source of anticancer, antimicrobial, and antiviral drugs.

The aim of this study was to determine the appropriate doses of AT-101 and resveratrol combination in the in vitro hormone-refractory prostate cancer (PC) cell lines, in order to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of this combination on the proliferation of cancer cells, namely PC-3, DU-145 and LNCAP. Cytotoxicity in PC cell lines was analysed by using the XTT Cell Proliferation Assay. DNA damage was performed with the cell death assay. Apoptotic protein levels were performed by Roche Human Apoptosis Array. IC50 values were determined by XTT analysis. The strongest combined doses (100 µM resveratrol + 5µM AT-101) were found to have the strongest synergistic apoptotic and cytotoxic effects on DU-145 cells at 72 hr. While the combined use of resveratrol and AT-101 increased the expression of markers in apoptotic cell pathways on cells, a decrease in the expression of anti-apoptotic markers was detected (p ˂ 0.05). Combined applications of these compounds showed an important synergism in the hormone-refractory PC cell lines, and it was determined that after the post-translational modification, they were significantly effective on the apoptotic pathway. These results have revealed that the combination of resveratrol and AT-101 holds great expectation as a new chemotherapeutic application in the treatment of human prostate cancer.

Gümüş nano materyallerin kullanım alanları oldukça yaygındır. Farklı sentezleme yöntemleri ile elde edilebilirler. Bu çalışmada, gümüş nano materyaller (AgNP’ler) biyosentez yöntemi kullanılarak ekonomik ve basit bir şekilde elde edildi. Sentez sonucunda elde edilen AgNP’ler UV-visiblespektrofotometre (UV-Vis.), Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM), X- Işınımı Kırınımı Difraktrometresi (XRD), Fourier dönüşümü kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FTIR), Zeta potansiyeli cihazları kullanılarak karakterize edildi. AgNP’lerin 426.66 nm dalga boyunda maksimum absorbansa sahip oldukları, küresel morfolojik yapı sergiledikleri, 17.68 nm kristal nano boyut ve yüzey yüklerinin -20.9 mV zeta potansiyeli dağılımı gösterdiği değerlendirildi. Patojen mikroorganizmalar üzerinde Minumum İnhibisyon Konsantrasyonları (MİK) 0.03-0.5 mg/L olarak mikrodilusyon yöntemi kullanılarak tespit edildi.

The effects of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) infections on total content of the essential trace elements and alterations of these elements content during antimonial therapy, serum iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), were determined in 40 patients with CL. 32 healthy subjects were selected as control group. Pentavalent antimonial compounds (Glucantime) were given intramuscularly (20 mg/kg/day) for three weeks in patients group. Serum Cu and Zn levels were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and Fe levels were determined by colorimetrically. Before antimonial therapy; Cu levels were found significantly higher. However, Zn and Fe levels were found significantly lower in the patients group than those of controls. Cu levels were found tended to decrease, while Zn and Fe levels tended to increase during antimonial therapy. There was a negative correlation between serum Cu and Zn levels in CL patients (r = -0.322, p0.05). The findings showed that CL affects the essential trace element content and these changes began to disappear during antimonial therapy.

Possible roles of oxidative and metabolic changes of lipids in the development of thrombocytopenia in patients with vivax malaria were investigated. Serum total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterols, triglycerides, lipid peroxidation level and platelet counts were determined in 60 patients with vivax malaria and compared with 50 healthy individuals. Inter-relationships of parameters were investigated. In patients, serum total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol concentrations and platelet counts were lower, and serum triglycerides and plasma lipid peroxidation concentrations were higher than those of control subjects. Significant relationships were found among serum lipid parameters, plasma lipid peroxidation and thrombocyte counts. Decrease in total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterols and platelet counts may be related or secondary to oxidative stress. In the treatment of thrombocytopenia required in the some cases of malaria, the supplementation of antioxidative vitamins may be considered.