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Background: Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are more likely than the general population to contract the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Due to the possibility of developing cardiovascular disease and liver fibrosis, HCV hemodialysis patients' survival rates are lower than those without HCV. Evaluation of hepatic fibrosis by biochemical indicators such as serum hyaluronic acid and the evaluation of liver stiffness fibroscan can be used to evaluate the severity of fibrosis. Aim: To evaluate the role of fibro scan and hyaluronic acid (HA) for the detection of hepatic fibrosis in HD individuals who have HCV. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study on HD children receiving regular hemodialysis was conducted in the Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Pediatrics Intensive Care Unit of Children Hospital, and Clinical Pathology Lab, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University. 54 patients were split into: Group 1: Hepatitis C individuals with HD make-up and Group 2: HD patients without hepatitis C. Serum hyaluronic acid and fibroscan were done. Results: Regarding serum hyaluronic acid, there is no statistically significant difference between the HD patient groups that were HCV positive and those that were HCV negative. There is a statistically significant correlation between serum hyaluronic acid and the degree of liver fibrosis, when performing a PAIRWISE comparison, F2 and F0 show a considerable difference. Conclusion: Fibroscan is a good noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis in HD patients with HCV. Despite the study's small sa mple size, serum hyaluronic acid and the degree of liver fibrosis determined by fibroscan are significantly correlated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), a prominent cause of childhood acute kidney injury (AKI) worldwide, includes thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and AKI as a diagnostic triad; with its postdiarrheal (D+HUS) form being the most common cause. This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and outcomes of children <16 years old with HUS. Methods: This retrospective and prospective cohort study was conducted at nephrology department and pediatric intensive care unit. It was conducted on 48 children under 16 years old who were presented with HUS. Results: The mean value of age was 4.773 ± 3.358 years old, 54.2% of cases were males. 60.4% were typical HUS. Complete recovery was more common in typical HUS than atypical HUS (aHUS) (82.7% VS 63.7%) while development of CKD and mortality were more frequent in a HUS (21.1%, 15.6%) than typical HUS (6.9%,10.3%) respectively but the difference of no significant value(p=0.536). ROC curve for initial factor H as a predictor for chronicity among atypical HUS patients showed that at cut off level of 0.823, with area under the curve = 0.708; p-value= 0.029. Conclusions: The incidence of typical HUS is higher than aHUS, which occurs more frequently in males than females. A good prognosis was associated with the presentation of diarrhea and oliguria, whereas cough, convulsions, and disturbed consciousness were associated with a poor prognosis. Factor H was found to be a good prognostic marker for the prediction of chronicity in aHUS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The objective of this study was to report the clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with end-stage renal disease under regular hemodialysis in a dialysis unit in Egypt. Materials and Methods. Ninety children with end-stage renal disease were included in this study and their charts over the past 11 years (from January 2001 to January 2012) were reviewed. Results. The mean age of the patients at the start of hemodialysis was 5.6 +/- 1.4 years. The main causes of end-stage renal disease were glomerular diseases (35.6%), unknown etiology (33.3%), and urological problems (17.8%). Hospital admissions were due to hypertensive attacks, cardiac problems, arteriovenous shunt complications, and infections. Only 3 children received a kidney transplant and 24 (26.7%) died during the 11-year follow-up. Eight patients died of heart failure, 5 due to sepsis, and 4 due to unexplained causes. Conclusions. Maintaining an appropriate care for children with end-stage renal disease is quite difficult in developing countries due to factors such as late referral, poor medical service utilization, limitation of financial resources, and limitations to transplantation. As a result, maintaining on hemodialysis for long periods imposes a high risk of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The objective of this study was to report the clinical characteristics and outcomes of children with end-stage renal disease under regular hemodialysis in a dialysis unit in Egypt. Materials and Methods. Ninety children with end-stage renal disease were included in this study and their charts over the past 11 years (from January 2001 to January 2012) were reviewed. Results. The mean age of the patients at the start of hemodialysis was 5.6 ± 1.4 years. The main causes of end-stage renal disease were glomerular diseases (35.6%), unknown etiology (33.3%), and urological problems (17.8%). Hospital admissions were due to hypertensive attacks, cardiac problems, arteriovenous shunt complications, and infections. Only 3 children received a kidney transplant and 24 (26.7%) died during the 11-year follow-up. Eight patients died of heart failure, 5 due to sepsis, and 4 due to unexplained causes. Conclusions. Maintaining an appropriate care for children with end-stage renal disease is quite difficult in developing countries due to factors such as late referral, poor medical service utilization, limitation of financial resources, and limitations to transplantation. As a result, maintaining on hemodialysis for long periods imposes a high risk of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]