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Personality detection has become an important area of research due to its potential applications in various fields such as marketing, psychology, and human resource management. In this paper, we present a personality detector that utilizes the Big Five personality traits model to analyze and predict the personality traits of individuals. The Big Five personality traits model is widely used in personality psychology, and it consists of five dimensions: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Our system utilizes a machine learning algorithm that analyzes various features such as text, social media posts, and speech to predict an individual's personality traits. The front-end of the system is developed using Python and Django, making it easy to use and accessible to anyone with an internet connection. We evaluated our system using a dataset of 1000 individuals and achieved an accuracy of 85% in predicting their personality traits

A sturdy green software model is the prominent necessity for various governments fields and banking areas for Energy utilization processing. The model should give all the Energy consumption aspects namely power consumption, utilization of Memory, (Co2) Carbon dioxide release which is related to development of software and make it energy efficient. For Software Development Life Cycle phases this research paper proposes a new green software model for the virtual host machine, which is the base for all the Green based Software Development process.

The Pluriversal Design Education working group met from April – September of 2021. This publication contains the results of their discussions. This document shares the detailed content that led to the ten Big Ideas shared through the FDE initiative. The document opens with an essay that supports the readers’ understanding of the core concepts that ground the big ideas. This essay was part of a draft that the working group aimed to publish in a journal. This is followed by a detailed description of curriculum content, and finally, the list of the ten Big Ideas is presented. This is a working document, and we look forward to seeing how the pluriversal design community builds on it.&nbsp

Introduction: Spinal anaesthesia with lignocaine was highly popular earlier for short surgical procedures as it had a predictable onset and provided dense sensory and motor blockade of moderate duration. Unfortunately, some reports of neurotoxicity had cast doubts on the intrathecal use of lignocaine. Post operative pain relief is an unresolved issue. One of the methods of providing postoperative analgesia is by prolonging the duration of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine (0.5%) by adding various drugs such as opioids, midazolam, clonidine, ketamine, neostigmine etc. Discovery of benzodiazepine receptors in the spinal cord triggered the use of intrathecal midazolam for analgesia. Methodology: This review article was prepared after a thorough study of the literature using data search engine such as ‘Pubmed’. This article referred to prior Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) on Intrathecal Midazolam. Review Findings: Midazolam is a potent short acting benzodiazepine that has been shown to have anti-nociceptive effects when administered intrathecally both in laboratory animals and in humans. Preservative free midazolam is also being used in recent times. As an additive to intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine to prolong the quality and duration of analgesia. It is said to be associated with less side effects compared to neuraxial opioids. Conclusion: Intrathecal midazolam can be used for postoperative pain relief. It can prolong the duration of analgesia and prolonged motor and sensory block without any significant hemodynamic compromise.

The practice of delivering a small amount of sedative or another anesthetic drug to lessen the dose of induction agent necessary has been known as co-induction. In other terms, employment of two or more medications to generate anaesthesia is referred to as co-induction of anaesthesia [1,2]. As a coinduction agent, various medications have been trailed out. We'll look at the drug midazolam, its pharmacology, and how successful it is as a coinduction agent in this article. Midazolam has been proven to minimize the amount of propofol required to produce anaesthesia by up to 50% without compromising the recovery profile when administered in this fashion [3,4]. We looked at the literature on the drug midazolam and coinduction agents that was available on different platforms such as PubMed, medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. We looked at several articles about midazolam and coinduction agents, as well as articles where midazolam was utilized as a coinduction agent. Prior observational studies and case reports using midazolam as a coinduction agent were mentioned in this article. After studying about midazolam's pharmacology, usage, indications, contraindications, as well as past observational studies and case reports, The substance can be used as a coinduction agent and has a variety of purposes in anaesthesia.

Patients with spine abnormalities like kyphoscoliosis are very much challenging for the spinal anaesthesia. We report an interesting and challenging case of thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis patient posted for supra pubic catheterization. We planned to do USG guided spinal anaesthesia. Lumbar vertebra and intervertebral spaces of the patient were scanned with help of ultrasound. For spinal access L2-L3 interveretebral space through which dura can be observed is selected. Patient had good spinal effect and procedure is uneventful. This case demonstrates that spinal anesthesia performed under the guidance of ultrasonography will be successful in case of severe kyphoscoliosis.

Background- Desmoplastic ameloblastoma (DA) is an uncommon variety of ameloblastoma that accounts for 4–13% of all cases, with notable differences in anatomical location, imaging, and histologic appearance. It is classified as a variety of ameloblastoma in the WHO classification of head and neck tumours (WHO-2005). Because it commonly occurs in the anterior region of the jaws as a mixed radio-opaque-radiolucent lesion, the tumour resembles a benign fibro-osseous lesion. Case report- We present a case of desmoplastic ameloblastoma in a 51-year-old female with a painless swelling in the lower right region of mandible. Fine needle aspiration revealed no fluid. Both panoramic radiographs and a computed tomography scan revealed a mixed lesion with a multilocular appearance. Desmoplastic ameloblastoma was confirmed after an incisional biopsy. From teeth 41 to the angle of the jaw, a composite resection of the lesion was performed with segmental mandibulectomy. With a peek implant, it was repaired. The possibility for a problematic airway is emphasised in this case, with great surgical results. Conclusion: Desmoplastic ameloblastoma is a kind of ameloblastoma with unique clinic radiographic and histologic characteristics. Despite its rarity, the tumour necessitates a thorough examination due to the challenges it poses with airway ventilation and intubation.

Hepatic hydatid disease is very common in developing nations. Although anaphylactic shock is a rare complication during anaesthesia, it can present with severe cardiovascular shock and hypersensitive reactions during surgical removal of hydatid cyst, requiring prompt emergency management. We report a case of 43 year old female posted for elective removal of hydatid cyst in the right lobe of liver under general anaesthesia. An anaesthesist should be aware of the “tell-tale” signs of anaphylaxis and be prepared for early and prompt treatment of anaphylactic shock. Anaphylactic prophylaxis and close monitoring for early diagnosis and prompt treatment of anaphylaxis are essential to avert any complications associated with anaphylactic shock.

A case of left cerebellopontine angle acoustic nerve schwannoma in sitting position with electromyographic(EMG) monitoring for facial nerve was managed. The 40 year old male, ASA II, presented with complaints of difficulty in walking, left sided hearing loss, diminution of vision since 3 years and Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI)suggestive of left CPA acoustic nerve schwannoma. Patient was operated under general anaesthesia in sitting position with Mayfield clamp on head without using muscle relaxant as the plan was to use EMG monitoring during tumor resection. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane and propofol and no muscle relaxant was used, yet patient was immobile. Throughout the procedure haemodynamic stability was maintained with noradrenaline injection. Procedure was uneventful with complete excision of tumor and without damaging the facial nerve. Excision of this deep-seated tumor in sitting position without using muscle relaxant is very difficult to manage. This surgery was very challenging from anaesthetic point of view as sitting position itself increases the risk of complications and avoiding movement of patient with Mayfield clamp without using muscle relaxant was a tough job.

Background: Subarachnoid block is the preferred form of regional anesthesia for obstetric surgeries. Local anesthetic agents alone are insufficient in providing adequate postoperative analgesia, which is an essential factor for the patients & is the sole essence of anesthesia. Adding adjuvant will result in better quality, the efficacy of SAB & will prolong analgesia postoperatively. Due to minimal hemodynamic & respiratory complications, Nalbuphine, an opioid, can be favored as an adjuvant to subarachnoid block. The addition of Nalbuphine in limiting doses to Hyperbaric Bupivacaine offers improved block quality & adequate pre & post-operative analgesia. Midazolam, an imidazobenzodiazepine given intrathecally, raises the threshold of pain; it also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant & amnesic effects of other benzodiazepines. Objectives: Primarily to compare the duration of pain relief in the postoperative period between administration of Intrathecal Nalbuphine (1mg) & Midazolam(2.5mg) ( Timing of 1st rescue analgesia). Secondarily to compare the onset of action & duration of motor & sensory block (Modified Bromage Scale), Effect on Hemodynamic Parameters, 24 hours requirement of analgesic (No. of Injection Paracetamol 15-20mg/kg ), Degree of sedation(Modified Ramsay Sedation Scale) & After-effects(PONV, Pruritis, Shivering & Retention of urine). Methodology: The study type will be a Comparative Prospective Study on 60 ASA 1 & 2 females in the age group 35-75 years, planned for total abdominal hysterectomy will be separated in two equivalent Group M (n=30) & Group N (n=30). Group M will receive combination Midazolam preservative-free 0.5 ml (2.5 mg) with 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine 2.5 ml(12.5 mg), & Group N will receive combination Nalbuphine 1 ml (1 mg) with Hyperbaric Bupivacaine (0.5%) 2.5 ml (12.5mg) by Intrathecal Route. Analgesia duration in the postoperative period, the onset of action & duration of motor & sensory block, effect on hemodynamic parameters, 24 hours analgesics requirement, degree of sedation, after-effects, if any, will be studied & compared. Conclusion: Expected to prove the hypothesis that adding which of the following adjuvant 1mg Nalbuphine or 2.5mg Midazolam with 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine intrathecally given in SAB prolongs the postoperative analgesia duration more as compared to other.

Background: Labour pain while giving birth is one of the most excruciatingly painful and emotionally stressful experience for a woman that has piqued the interest of several academicians. Labour pain is induced due to the uterine ischemia, expansion of vagina and birth canal, muscle contractions, and pressure on the bladder. To relieve the severe pain during labour, analgesia is required, which offers pain relief without the loss of consciousness. Regional analgesia (Epidural and spinal) are most commonly used for offering pain relief to women. Aim: To evaluate whether low dose spinal analgesia is a better alternative to lumbar epidural analgesia for pain relief in labour. Objectives - Primary objective is to evaluate efficacy of lumbar epidural and spinal analgesia for pain relief in labour. Secondary objective is to evaluate the perceptions of women towards the use of labour analgesia, to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcome and to evaluate the barriers affecting the use of lumbar epidural and spinal analgesia for women during labour. Methods: In this randomized control trial study, where 60 patients are present in each group. Patients in GROUP E, epidural analgesia will be given using 18-gauge Touhy epidural needle by a loss of resistance to air technique, and after confirmation of space, an epidural catheter will be inserted cranially in L3 - L4 or L4-L5 interspace, and a dose of 15ml of 0.125% bupivacaine with 25µg of fentanyl would be given slowly. Group S patients will receive subarachnoid block using 25-gauge needle inserted and directed to reach the intrathecal space between L3 - L4 or L4 - L5 intervertebral space. After a successful Dural puncture with acceptable CSF flow, 0.1% bupivacaine 2ml with 25µg fentanyl will be given via spinal needle. Throughout the duration of delivery, hemodynamic monitoring including SPO2, ECG, heart rate and blood pressure of mother and fetal heart rate would be monitored under the guidance of obstetrician and anesthesiologists. Patient will be assessed every 5min for the first 15 min, and then every 15 minutes until additional analgesia was requested. The severity of labour pain would be assessed using visual analogue scale. (0 = no pain; 10 = severe pain). Within the first 24 - 48 hours postpartum patient will fill the self-administered questionnaires. Results: The groups are expected to be similar. However, Low dose spinal analgesia may be a better alternative to lumbar epidural analgesia in providing effective pain relief for women in labour in terms of cost effectiveness. There are no results found as it is just a protocol. Results are yet to come. Conclusions: The study would offer new insights and knowledge into the use of epidural and spinal analgesia in India, particularly Wardha. The perceptions of women, towards labour analgesia, its consequences or side effects, and the myths associated with its use will be comprehended.

Objective: To review the factors that may influence the ability to achieve the present guidelines’ recommendations in a well-resourced tertiary centre. According to current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines, definitive treatment (primary ureteroscopy (URS) or shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)) should be offered to patients with symptomatic renal colic that are unlikely to pass the stone within 48 h of diagnosis. Methods: Retrospective review of all patients presenting to the emergency department between January and December 2019 with a ureteric or renal stone diagnosis. The rate of emergency intervention, risk factors for intervention and outcomes were compared between patients who were treated by primary definitive surgery vs. primary symptom relief by urethral stenting alone. Results: A total of 244 patients required surgical management for symptomatic ureteric colic without symptoms of urinary infection. Of those, 92 patients (37.7%) underwent definitive treatment by either primary URS (82 patients) or ESWL (9 patients). The mean time for the procedure was 25.5 h (range: 1–118). Patients who underwent primary definitive treatment were likelier to have smaller and distally located stones than the primary stenting group. Primary ureteroscopy was more likely to be performed in a supervised setting than emergency stenting. Conclusions: Although definitive treatment carries high success rates, in a high-volume tertiary referral centre, it may not be feasible to offer it to all patients, with emergency stenting providing a safe and quick interim measure. Factors determining the ability to provide definitive treatment are stone location, stone size and resident supervision in theatre.

BACKGROUND Caudal epidural block is a highly popular method of administering analgesia to children undergoing infraumbilical surgeries. Addition of clonidine, a centrally acting alpha 2 agonist as an adjuvant to caudal bupivacaine has added advantages of providing prolonged post-operative analgesia and also, thus reducing the number of doses of post-operative rescue analgesics. In this study, we wanted to compare the efficacy and safety of caudally administered clonidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine. METHODS This was a prospective, comparative interventional study and was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesia at JNMC, Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha in accordance with the guidelines and permission of the institutional ethical review board. The study was carried out with 40 patients in each group randomly allocated using computer generated software, posted for infraumbilical surgeries between the age group 2 years to 7 years, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and II. Group B (control group) – Caudal epidural with 0.25 % bupivacaine 1 ml/kg + 1 ml normal saline. Group C (study group)- Caudal epidural with 0.25 % bupivacaine 1 ml/kg with clonidine 1 microgram/kg + 1 ml normal saline. RESULTS In our study, the mean duration of analgesia i.e. mean time for requirement of first rescue analgesia in group C was 9.9 ± 1.4 hours as compared to 4.7 ± 1.4 hours in group B (P < 0.0001). In this study, we used FLACC (face, legs, activity, cry, consolability) pain scale with its 0 - 10 score range for assessing the pain intensity. At FLACC pain score 4 or more, first dose of rescue analgesic was given. This score was reached at 8.8 hours in Group C (mean FLACC score at 3.8 ± 0.7) and 3.6 hours in Group B (mean FLACC score 3.4 ± 0.9) with P value (= 0.014) (significant). Group C required significantly lesser number of rescue analgesics in comparison to Group B. The number of doses of rescue analgesics required in the Group B were definitely more than that in Group C wherein 62.5 % required 3 doses and 25 % required 4 doses of rescue analgesics. On the other hand, in Group C the number of patients requiring more than 2 doses of rescue analgesia was 0 % thus proving the efficacy of clonidine in prolonging post-operative analgesia. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that caudally administered clonidine, in a dose of 1 microgram/kg as an adjuvant to 0.25 % bupivacaine 1 ml/kg, proved to be efficacious in providing prolonged analgesia both intraoperatively and post-operatively. Also, we observed that this addition, reduced the requirement of post-operative rescue analgesia and its associated side effects. KEY WORDS Caudal Epidural, Infraumbilical Paediatric Surgery, Clonidine, Bupivacaine, Postoperative Analgesia

One of the most important functions of the human visual system is automatic captioning. Caption generation is one of the more interesting and focused areas of AI, with numerous challenges to overcome. If there is an application that automatically captions the scenes in which a person is present and converts the caption into a clear message, people will benefit from it in a variety of ways. In this, we offer a deep learning model that detects things or features in images automatically, produces descriptions for the images, and transforms the descriptions to audio for louder readout. The model uses pre-trained CNN and LSTM models to perform the task of extracting objects or features to get the captions. In our model, first task is to detect objects within the image using pre trained Mobilenet model of CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) and therefore the other is to caption the pictures based on the detected objects by using LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) and convert caption into speech to read out louder to the person by using SpeechSynthesisUtterance interface of the Web Speech API. The interface of the model is developed using NodeJS as a backend for the web page. Caption generation entails a number of complex steps, including selecting the dataset, training the model, validating the model, creating pre-trained models to check the images, detecting the images, and finally generating captions.

To assess the impact of body mass index (BMI) on peri-operative outcomes of kidney and upper tract robot-assisted surgery. Medical audit of patients who underwent robot-assisted kidney and upper tract cancer surgery at a single institution between 2017 and 2019, categorized on BMI into obese patients with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and a control group with BMI 2) distributed equally between groups. Robotic kidney and upper tract surgery in obese patients showed an increase in surgery time and blood loss potentially related to APF. However, obesity was not associated with conversion to open surgery or radical nephrectomy in nephron-sparing procedures, length of stay, major intraoperative AE or postoperative complications.

Pregnancy is considered one of the most delicate conditions for the woman and her fetus, rendering physiological stress on her body. Sometimes, this leads to unwelcomed incidences of certain systemic disorders which further complicate the course of pregnancy. Cardiovascular conditions associated with pregnancy have major morbidity amongst the general population. Peripartum cardiomyopathy, one such condition associated with cardiac dysfunction during pregnancy, is one of the major causes of increased morbidity and mortality in pregnant women. It has been the leading cause of non-obstetric maternal mortality. Due to the stress on the cardiovascular system, further functioning of the body in the milieu gets compromised and thus, the occurrence of fetomaternal mortality is not rare in the prognosis of this condition. Certain studies have noted not only familial but also geographical variations in the prevalence of peripartum cardiomyopathy in certain areas. Although the occurrence of the condition is quite common, there still needs to be a better understanding of this topic for avoiding the abysmal prognosis of this pathology. A peculiar presentation on the electrogram is needed to make an accurate diagnosis of the condition. The therapeutic options of this condition, particularly incline towards medical management. Various new drugs have been formulated and are in clinical trials for testing their effectiveness. Bromocriptine therapy, along with the neoadjuvant combination of anticoagulant drugs and non-pharmacological measures, makes a good treatment regimen that helps avert the progressive pathology. In this article, we discuss the knowledge regarding the etiology, factors contributing to the severity, pathogenesis, treatment options, and the particular outcomes of the therapy.

Introduction: Intravenous regional anaesthesia for forearm and hand surgeries, which is one of the safe, cost-effective and rapid onset anaesthesia is less popular nowadays, because of its lesser postoperative analgaesia and tourniquet pain. Aim: To compare dexmedetomidine and clonidine as an adjuvant to 0.5% lignocaine to study block characteristics, tourniquet pain and postoperative analgaesia in forearm and hand surgeries. Materials and Methods: This randomised clinical trial was conducted in Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital (Tertiary Care Hospital), Wardha, Maharashtra, India, from September 2019 to September 2021 on 70 patients posted for forearm and hand surgeries. The patients were divided into two groups of 35 each. Group C received clonidine 1 mcg /kg with 40 mL of 0.5% lignocaine preservative free. Group D received dexmedetomidine 1 mcg /kg with 40 mL of 0.5% lignocaine preservative free. Independent samples t-test was used for evaluation of demographic data, haemodynamic data, block characteristics, duration of surgery and tourniquet, onset of tourniquet pain, duration of analgaesia and intraoperative and postoperative analgesic requirement. Results: Onset of sensory and motor block was faster with dexmedetomidine group (1.60±0.60 min and 2.77±0.81 min) when compared to clonidine group (3.57±0.74 min and 6.40±1.26 min). Duration of analgaesia was significantly longer in group D (345.23±44.52 min) compared to group C (205.14±37.76 min), sensory and motor regression was delayed with group D (7.69±0.72 min) as compared to group C (6.40±0.85 min). There was no significant adverse effect noted in both the groups. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine is an excellent adjuvant when added to lignocaine for Intravenous Regional Anaesthesia (IVRA) in terms of block quality, postoperative analgaesia, and adverse effects.

To assess the impact of body mass index (BMI) on peri-operative outcomes of kidney and upper tract robot-assisted surgery. Medical audit of patients who underwent robot-assisted kidney and upper tract cancer surgery at a single institution between 2017 and 2019, categorized on BMI into obese patients with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m

The following research reveals the significance of modified classification in estimating new trends. Rigorous evaluation of different classification algorithms viz. Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor and Naive Bayesian is explored in this paper. These findings forecast the finest techniques for discovery of potential defaulters which can be adapted by banking institutions. Our main motive is to compare the performance measures between original dataset and original dataset on which principal component is applied. The reason to use the principal component was to evaluate its impact on the performance of the algorithms used while dealing with the dataset. Different algorithms can be compared on the basis of various criterions such as Accuracy, Precision, Fl-Score, Recall, ROC. Successful contrast between these attributes would yields a efficient model for the given dataset. Logistic regression is then found to be the most efficient method for this particular dataset.

The idea of open data in correlation with the idea of Open Government Data has gained a lot of prominence. Data are freely available to anyone for use, reuse, and redistribution while consuming it commercially or noncommercially. It has potential to increase levels of transparency and accountability and scope to promote higher level of public participation for social or economic growth of the country. Seeing the Open Government Data Benefits, Government of India came out with Open Data Policy (NDSAP) in 2012 and created Open Government Data Platform (https://data.gov.in) for proactive release of shareable government data. It is made open to public to explore the data potential and innovate with it using APIs and visualization engine. This initiative has reached a stage where more than one lakh open datasets have been published for the exploration of data hungry people. Besides lots of benefits of open data to various stakeholders, it has huge potential for public research and private innovation. Opening up of data for researchers removes many unproductive barriers and avoids duplication of efforts. It improves greater access to data, accelerates the pace of discovery, and helps in working smarter and faster by sharing and analyzing data, enhancing visibility of one’s research and much more. Viewing the shrinking budget and increasing research cost and with an objective to validate new techniques, calibrate computer models, and show comparative progress, availability of good open datasets becomes critical and becomes need of the hour. Scientific research being increasingly data-driven and expensive, potential of open data should be tapped to enhance the efficiency and quality of research by reducing the costs of data collection, by facilitating the exploitation of dormant or inaccessible data at low cost. With this in the backdrop, the paper is endeavoring to explore potential of open data for research.

Open data are the idea originated from philosophy that certain data should be freely available for everyone to use, reuse, and republish as they wish, without restrictions from copyright, patents or other mechanisms of control. The intent of the open data movement is on the same lines as that of other “open” movements such as open source, open content, and open access. Open data have caught attention of research community, government, industry across the world, due to its huge potential to bring constructive changes in the socioeconomic and scientific domain by developing and disseminating information within a vibrant mixed ecosystem comprising of research and developer community, government bodies, business houses, and hybrid solutions of various forms fueled by the sharp elevation of information and communications technologies (ICT) and digital governance. Open data along with data analytics service give a huge opportunity for development and innovation in citizen service delivery. Open data have also formed a part of core strategy of businesses across the world, big or small, digital or non-digital. Research community has also highlighted the potential of data for research and development. Reuse of research data can enable its analysis from a different perspective; processing the data in combination with other related datasets may provide a different perspective of the research findings.

Fuzzy C-Means Clustering algorithm (FCM) is a method that is frequently used in pattern recognition. It has the advantage of giving good modeling results in many cases, This paper presents the optimization of cluster center of Fuzzy C-Means algorithm by evolutionary methods, this in order to automatically select the best of cluster center with maximum probability. Optimization methods used to realization of this paper were genetic algorithms and for selection method roulette wheel method is used.

The traditional approaches used for the development of expert systems are mainly based on the interaction between the knowledge engineer and domain expert .However, the role of user in development process has been undetermined. This paper represents the problem of the users which are not familiar with compiler, at the time of execution of source code. The source code have specific piece of information code written in a programming language L for which there is an interpreter, compiler, linker and editor .After execution of source code define in any language will provide standard error messages that can not be easily understandable by every users. The actual knowledge based software maintenance system carries out essentially error diagnosis and messages that are not user friendly, so the designed expert system will provide a user friendly help messages for beginners. Domain is specified as error messages of C compiler.