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Background: There is no relevant research on the symptoms and emotions of patients with advanced thyroid cancer in mainland China. Aim: To investigate the symptoms and negative emotions of patients with advanced thyroid cancer and to analyze the correlation between the two preliminarily. Methods: Using a convenience sampling method, 180 patients who visited a multidisciplinary outpatient service for advanced thyroid cancer at West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2023 to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Thyroid Cancer module (MDASI-THY) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The correlation between symptom severity and negative emotions was determined by Spearman correlation analysis. Results: Disturbed sleep was the symptom with the highest incidence (74.4%) and the greatest severity (3.0 points), while mood distress was the symptom with the highest incidence (63.3%) and the greatest severity (2.0 points). 71 patients (39.4%) had anxiety, and 62 patients (34.4%) had depression. All symptoms and symptom interference were positively correlated with anxiety and depression (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients with advanced thyroid cancer have multiple symptoms that seriously affect their daily lives and emotions. Medical staff should conduct targeted observation and preventive treatment to reduce the burden of symptoms and improve the negative emotions of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conspiracy theories accusing specific groups of secret malevolent actions can foster a perception of the world as a dangerous place. In our research, we contend that both adherence and exposure to conspiracy beliefs can serve as a potential cause of certain psychological problems in the form of paranoid thoughts. This hypothesis was tested in three studies conducted among Polish and British participants. In Study 1 (longitudinal, N = 603), we found that conspiracy beliefs exerted a positive overtime effect on paranoid thoughts. Experimental studies 2 (N = 384) and 3 (N = 445), showed that being exposed to conspiracy theories (vs. control stimuli) heightened paranoid thoughts. In Study 3, we proposed a potential mechanism explaining this effect, according to which exposure to conspiracies increased paranoid thoughts via only negative intense emotions. Our work adds to the discussion on the consequences of conspiracy beliefs and has implications for mental health research, underlining the importance of designing interventions limiting the adverse effects of conspiracy beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Career plateauing has been described as a subjective state that is emotionally unpleasant and associated with unethical work behaviors, yet there is little theoretical explanation or robust evidence to support such claims. This study contributes a theoretical framework for the relationships between career plateauing, emotions, and counterproductive work behaviors (CWB). Building on the stressor‐emotion model of CWB, we propose that employees who perceive themselves as experiencing plateau are likely to commit CWB when they experience negative emotions. We also predict that the strength of this process depends on individuals' emotion regulation ability. Through regression analysis of data from 193 UK‐based employees across three time points, our study finds that both hierarchical and job content plateauing are associated with negative emotions and indirectly related to CWB via negative emotions; neither plateau type is directly related to CWB. Additionally, lower emotion regulation ability strengthens the relationship between job content plateauing and negative emotions, leading to more CWB. This study offers a novel theoretical explanation of how plateauing affects employees' emotions and deviant behaviors. It also provides important practical guidance for managers by showing that plateaued employees are not inherently problematic to the organization. By proactively understanding and managing plateaued individuals' feelings, managers can more likely prevent negative emotions from triggering deviant behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lifestyle intervention is the first-line treatment for PCOS. Numerous studies have investigated the effect of various lifestyle factors, including dietary habit, smoking, and alcohol consumption on PCOS women. These studies have found that such factors may be associated with physiological parameters such as androgen, and emotional states like anxiety or depression. Smoking, a harmful lifestyle habit widely recognized to contribute to various diseases, has also been found to be related to PCOS. Current research has not adequately compared the effects of smoking with other lifestyle habits on PCOS, and there is little mention of its relationship with the emotional states of patients with PCOS. To further elucidate the association between smoking and other lifestyle factors with clinical symptoms in patients with PCOS, we conducted a cross-sectional evaluation using data from Peking University Third Hospital, with a special focus on analyzing smoking habits and comparing it with a variety of lifestyle factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 601 PCOS women and 184 healthy controls who underwent physical examinations, hormone profiles and psychological measures. We assessed the association between smoking and the clinical symptoms in PCOS women. Results: We found a significant correlation between smoking and the degree of depression in PCOS women among the three emotional states: anxiety, depression, and stress. Smoking was also significantly associated with testosterone level in PCOS participants, suggesting that PCOS women who smoke exhibited more severe depressive symptoms and higher testosterone level. In addition, compared to the control group, PCOS women had notably higher testosterone (T) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. Smoke and alcohol were statistically significantly more common in women with PCOS than the Control. Conclusion: Women with PCOS who smoke were found to have elevated testosterone levels and more severe depression. These findings suggest that clinicians should monitor smoking women with PCOS for symptoms of depression and assess their hyperandrogenic status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic, non-specific intestinal diseases that could comorbid with varieties of negative emotional constructs, including pain-related negative emotions and trait negative emotions; however, the link between brain functions and different dimensions of negative emotions remains largely unknown. Ninety-eight patients with IBD and forty-six healthy subjects were scanned using a 3.0-T functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner. The amplitudes of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and degree centrality (DC) were used to assess resting-state brain activity. Partial least squares (PLS) correlation was employed to assess the relationship among abnormal brain activities, pain-related and trait negative emotions. Compared to controls, patients with IBD exhibited higher values of ALFF in the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), lower values of ALFF in the left postcentral gyrus, and higher values of DC in the bilateral ACC. Multivariate PLS correlation analysis revealed the brain scores of the ACC were correlated with pain-related negative emotions, the brain salience in the left postcentral gyrus was associated with the higher-order trait depression. These findings can enhance our comprehension of how pain-related negative emotion and trait negative emotion affect the brains of patients with IBD in distinct ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve older adults' mental health, this study compared the effects of AI chatbots, such as ChatGPT 3.0, with traditional mindfulness therapies on loneliness and depression in older adults. Despite interest in AI as a complementary tool, empirical evidence on its impact remains limited. For an eight-week intervention, older adult participants from two nursing homes in Hangzhou were assigned to groups focused on mindfulness (group sessions) and chatting (one-on-one ChatGPT). Following the intervention, participants engaged in a researcher-led focus group discussion. After 8 weeks, tension had decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the Mindfulness group of older adults, and there was no significant difference between the effects of ChatGPT and mindfulness on the emotional intervention of older adults. Findings indicated three themes, including (1) personal experience, reflecting older adults' use of AI technology and mindfulness; (2) attitudes and perspectives on the experiment's desirability and insufficiencies; and (3) needs and expectations for future AI and mindfulness developments, including usability and functional preferences. Similar to mindfulness practice, ChatGPT interactions helped older adults feel less depressed and might eventually reduce costs by replacing mindfulness. In the future, AI can be integrated with conventional techniques to improve interaction by giving AI a more human-like appearance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perception of health risks can influence people's health behaviors. However, in the context of modern consumer society, few people delve into in-depth discussions on health consumption as a form of health protection behavior. Inspired by the Health Belief Model and Protection Motivation Theory, this study interprets health consumption behavior as a new form of health protection behavior. A survey was conducted on a sample of Chinese youth (N = 885) to explore the mechanisms of action between health risk perception and health consumption behavior using structural equation modeling. The study found that: (1) health risk perception has a significant positive impact on the health consumption behavior of young people; (2) negative emotions and information seeking play mediating roles respectively in the mechanism of the impact of health risk perception on health consumption behavior; and (3) in addition to their individual mediating roles, negative emotions and information seeking behavior collectively play a chained mediation role in this process. Implications of these results, both theoretical and practical, are further discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spiritual struggles are common for religion-affiliated and non-affiliated individuals, religious skeptics, agnostics, and atheists. They gain particular importance for people under significant stress, such as those who are alcohol dependent. This study examined the role of positive religious coping and God's support in the spiritual growth and recovery of alcohol-dependent individuals participating in Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). The study was cross-sectional. The participants were 115 alcohol-dependent individuals from Poland who were members of AA. A path analysis statistical method was used. The research emphasized the beneficial role of strong God's support in the relationship between positive religious coping and spiritual growth, abstinence, and happiness. The mechanism underlying the relationship between positive religious coping, God's support, spiritual growth, and recovery was confirmed. God's support was a moderator in the relationship between positive religious coping and spiritual growth. In a group with stronger God's support, positive religious coping was positively related to spiritual growth, which in turn was associated with a happy and alcohol-abstinent life for alcohol-dependent individuals participating in AA. Among individuals with weak God's support, positive religious coping was not directly related to spiritual growth, nor was it indirectly related to recovery through spiritual growth. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the mediating role of social identity in the relationship between emotions—both positive and negative—and participation in collective action. The study sample included university students from Peru (N = 599; M = 24.5 years) and Chile (N = 592; M = 22.2 years). A structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was used to analyze the data. The findings reveal that, in both countries, social identity mediated the relationship between emotions and collective action, and positive emotions were the key drivers of students’ inclination to engage in collective action. The study concludes that emotions predict collective action through identification with a social movement—in this case, the student movement. Furthermore, the indirect effect of social identity was stronger among Chilean students compared to their Peruvian counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to investigate the impact of mentalized affectivity on negative emotions among Chinese college students based on a questionnaire survey of 899 university students. The study adopts a mentalized affectivity scale, an internet altruistic behavior scale, and a self-analysis questionnaire. The study's findings reveal a negative correlation between mentalized affectivity and depression, anxiety, and stress, but a positive correlation with variables linked to internet altruistic behavior in college students. Additionally, the study reveals a significant moderating effect of internet altruistic behavior on the relationship between mentalized affectivity and depression and anxiety. It is concluded that an increased level of affectivity can help modulate negative emotions and that internet altruistic behavior can play a moderator role in the modulation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The relationship between negative emotions and atrial fibrillation (AF) has garnered significant attention, yet observational studies have yielded contradictory findings regarding the causal associations between the two. Our study sought to provide genetic evidence for a causal relationship between negative emotions and AF through Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Methods: Utilizing genetic variations associated with negative emotions and AF as instrumental variables (IVs), a two-sample MR study was implemented. The potential causality between the two was initially assessed by using negative emotions as exposure and AF as outcome. Subsequently, potential reverse causality was evaluated by using AF as exposure and negative emotions as outcome. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method served as the primary analysis for the two-sample MR, supplemented by weighted median method, MR-Egger regression, Simple mode method, and Weighted mode method. Sensitivity analyses were performed using the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test (MR-PRESSO), Cochran Q test, and leave-one-out analysis to ensure the robustness of the results. Results: The two-sample MR analyses revealed that genetic susceptibility to AF had no potential causal effect on negative emotions (p > 0.05). Conversely, genetic susceptibility to negative emotions was positively correlated with an increased relative risk of AF [odds ratio (OR), 1.173, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.115–1.235, p = 8.475 × 10−10]. Furthermore, neither horizontal pleiotropy nor heterogeneity was detected in the analysis. Conclusions: Genetic evidence from the study supports a potential causal link between negative emotions and AF. The study suggests that negative emotions may elevate the risk of AF, and the escalation of negative emotions in AF patients is more likely attributable to modifiable factors rather than genetically related factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although engagement in the language learning process is important for students' language outcomes, factors that contribute to it are underexamined. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the roles of individual differences (growth language mindset and academic emotion) in shaping foreign language (FL) engagement. A total of 1,738 Chinese undergraduates (790 males and 948 females) studying English as a foreign language (EFL) completed questionnaires measuring their growth language mindsets, positive emotions (enjoyment, pride and hope), negative emotions (anger, anxiety, shame, hopelessness and boredom) and engagement during the English learning process. Correlational analyses revealed positive relationships between growth language mindsets, positive emotions, and engagement; and negative relationships between negative emotions and the three other variables. Structural equation modelling analyses showed that both positive and negative emotions were partial mediators between growth language mindset and engagement in FL learning, with positive emotions demonstrating larger effects. The findings are indicative of a motivation–emotion–behavior path in the EFL context. The theoretical and practical implications for language learning and teaching are discussed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: COVID-19, as a significant public health issue, has had a major impact on the mental health of people worldwide. Research shows a significant positive correlation between individuals' risk perception levels and negative emotions during the outbreak of COVID-19. However, some studies also suggest that the relationship between the two is not significant. Therefore, we will conduct a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between risk perception and negative emotions from cultural, temporal, and individual psychological perspectives. Methods: Searches were conducted in the Web of Science, Pub Med, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, focusing on publications from January 2020 onwards, specifically targeting studies examining the relationship between risk perception and negative emotion during COVID-19. Results: A total of 58 papers with 85 effect sizes were meta-analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 software, with a combined sample of 83,948 individuals. Risk perception of COVID-19 showed a moderate positive correlation with negative emotions (r = 0.211, 95%CI [0.18, 0.24]). There was no moderating effect of tight-loose cultures on the relationship between risk perception of COVID-19 and negative emotions. However, the epidemic period, gender ratio, and measurement methods did have moderating effects on the relationship between risk perception of COVID-19 and negative emotions. Conclusion: In future research, we can further develop theories related to the risk perception of COVID-19 and negative emotions, and based on these, formulate interventions to promote people's mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To understand the emotional perception and general mental health status of medical students, and explore related influencing factors to promote mental health education for medical students. Methods An on-site questionnaire survey was conducted on 1 037 medical students at Kunming Medical University to describe their overall psychological status. Factors influencing the positive/negative emotions and general mental health of medical students were analyzed through multiple linear regression and logistic regression analysis. Results The average score of positive emotions among medical students on campus was 26.31 ± 6.76), while the average score of negative emotions was 21.50 ± 6.76) . The detection of mental health problems was relatively low 8.58%). Whether only child, academic performance, and self-reported health status P < 0.05) had an impact on positive emotional scores; Gender, self-reported health status, and sleep time had an impact on negative emotional scores P < 0.05) . The prevalence of mental health problems among medical students was influenced by whether they were single child or self-reported health status P < 0.05) . Conclusions Good academic performance can enhance positive emotions, and students with shorter sleep duration and poorer physical health are more likely to perceive negative emotions and experience mental health problems. Universities should pay attention to the psychological status of medical students and take corresponding measures to ensure their physical and mental health to promote medical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a growing public health concern among college students, with cybervictimization (CV) emerging as a significant contributing factor. Grounded in the experiential avoidance theory, this study investigates the mediating roles of cognitive fusion and negative emotions in the relationship between CV and NSSI, providing new insights into these key variables. Methods: A convenience sample of 457 undergraduate students (29% male; mean age 18.36± 0.66 years) from two universities in Fujian Province participated in this study. Data were collected using the Cyberbullying Victimization Scale, Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Scale. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted using SPSS 25.0, while the mediating effects were analyzed using Process 3.5. Results: (1) Significant positive correlations were found among CV, cognitive fusion, negative emotions, and NSSI (p < 0.01). (2) CV was directly associated with NSSI (β = 0.22, p < 0.001) and positively predicted both cognitive fusion (β = 0.17, p < 0.001) and negative emotions (β = 0.15, p < 0.01). Additionally, cognitive fusion (β = 0.16, p < 0.01) and negative emotions (β = 0.11, p < 0.05) significantly predicted NSSI. (3) Mediation analyses revealed that cognitive fusion and negative emotions mediated the CV-NSSI relationship through three pathways: CV→cognitive fusion→NSSI (mediation effect = 0.026), CV→negative emotions→NSSI (mediation effect = 0.02), and CV→cognitive fusion→negative emotions→NSSI (mediation effect = 0.01). Conclusion: The study confirms that CV influences NSSI indirectly through cognitive fusion and negative emotions, supporting the experiential avoidance model. These findings underscore the importance of addressing cognitive and emotional processes in interventions aimed at reducing NSSI among college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article draws on the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) model to understand the role of negative emotions in the anti-brand behaviors of online users who consume snow sports brands. To this end, both the online social influence and the mediating effect of symbolic incongruence (stimulus) on the generation of negative emotions (anger, stress, frustration, fear, boredom and sadness) (organism), and how these influence the formation of negative customer brand engagement (nCBE) (response), are analyzed. The study also analyses the moderating effects of "level of expertise", this makes it possible to capture differences in behaviors based on the profile of the users in each of the proposed relationships. Questionnaire responses of 400 ski and snowboard users over 18 years of age were analyzed using a quantitative methodology. The results obtained have important theoretical and practical implications, since they confirm that online social influences have both a direct and indirect (mediating) effect on negative emotions, which positively affects the nCBE of online users of snow sports brands. Significant differences in behavior based on experience level (moderation effect) were also found. The study proposes useful practical recommendations applicable in online environments that the extreme sports industry could use to neutralize/avoid highly detrimental consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent findings indicate that engaging in upward social comparison on social media can have a detrimental impact on subjective well-being (SWB); however, how upward social comparison undermines SWB remains unclear. This research draws on attribution theory and Smith's typology of social comparison-based emotions to examine the mediating role of upward contrastive emotions and the moderating role of attribution for others' success in the association between upward social comparison SWB. Using the data collected from 318 Instagram users, The present study demonstrates that upward contrastive emotions serve as a mediator between upward social comparison and SWB. Moreover, the results reveal that the mediating effect of upward contrastive emotions in the relationship between upward social comparison on Instagram and SWB is moderated by attribution for others' success. Our findings suggest that when users compare themselves to someone they perceive as superior, they should try to attribute the success of that person to internal factors (e.g., effort) rather than external factors (e.g., luck), to mitigate the adverse impacts of upward social comparison. This study makes a contribution to the existing literature on social media by developing a moderated mediation model that places particular emphasis on the role of attribution in the relationship between upward social comparison and SWB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While prior research has examined differences in delinquency by LGBTQ+ identity, few have attempted to explain these differences within the scope of main criminological theories. Drawing on general strain theory and social bond theory, this study uses data from the Technology, Teen Dating Violence and Abuse, and Bullying in Three States, 2011–2012 survey (N = 5,647) to examine if negative emotions and different types of social bonds mediate relationships between LGBTQ+ identity and delinquency. Results show that youth who identify as LGBTQ+ report higher levels of negative emotions and lower levels of parental and school bonds compared to those who identify as heterosexual and cisgender. Results also show that youth who identify as LGBTQ+ report higher odds of general delinquency, marijuana use, and other drug use compared to youth who identify as heterosexual and cisgender. Finally, results show that relationships between LGBTQ+ identity and delinquency are largely mediated by negative emotions and school bonds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between consumers' emotions towards emerging e-banking technology, perceived risk and subsequent intention to adopt emerging e-banking technology. Design/methodology/approach: An online questionnaire was used to collect data, which were analysed in a quantitative study. The final sample of 224 educated young consumers, familiar with emerging e-banking technology, allowed testing of the research hypotheses by applying confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM). Findings: The empirical results indicate that deterrence emotions and hedonic motivation are associated with consumers' perceived risk and, subsequently, their intention to adopt emerging e-banking technology. Additionally, analysing the moderating role of hedonic motivation in the association between consumers' deterrence emotions towards emerging e-banking technology and their perceived risk highlights the significant association of deterrence emotions with perceived risk, regardless of the presence of hedonic motivation. Originality/value: This study demonstrates the association between consumers' emotions, perceived risk and subsequent intention to adopt emerging e-banking technology whilst underscoring the importance of distinguishing between different types of emotions and their corresponding appraisals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the growing recognition of the impact of affective factors on second/foreign language (L2) learning, there remains a paucity of knowledge regarding academic burnout in L2 learning. Moreover, the intricate interplay between L2 burnout, maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, and negative L2 emotions remains inadequately explored. Given the increasing acknowledgment of network analysis as an advanced and appropriate method for unraveling the complex relationships among psychological constructs in applied linguistics, the current study aimed to investigate the network structure of burnout, maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, and negative emotions among 841 Chinese undergraduates who were learning English as a foreign language (EFL). The results of the network analysis revealed that shame, emotional exhaustion, and avoidance emerged as the most central nodes within negative emotions, burnout, and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, respectively; shame, emotional exhaustion, and avoidance were also the most powerful bridging nodes linking the aforementioned three constructs. Notably, the robust bridging association between emotional exhaustion and anxiety was observed. Overall, Chinese EFL students may experience high levels of burnout and negative emotions and apply counter-productive regulation strategies in English learning, but these reactions are intertwined rather than independent of each other. Students who are overwhelmed by anxiety and shame are more prone to burnout symptoms, while those dominated by anger are more likely to vent it out. Theoretical and pedagogical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the mediating role of social identity in the relationship between emotions—both positive and negative—and participation in collective action. The study sample included university students from Peru (N = 599; M = 24.5 years) and Chile (N = 592; M = 22.2 years). A structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was used to analyze the data. The findings reveal that, in both countries, social identity mediated the relationship between emotions and collective action, and positive emotions were the key drivers of students’ inclination to engage in collective action. The study concludes that emotions predict collective action through identification with a social movement—in this case, the student movement. Furthermore, the indirect effect of social identity was stronger among Chilean students compared to their Peruvian counterparts.

Abstract Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic, non-specific intestinal diseases that could comorbid with varieties of negative emotional constructs, including pain-related negative emotions and trait negative emotions; however, the link between brain functions and different dimensions of negative emotions remains largely unknown. Ninety-eight patients with IBD and forty-six healthy subjects were scanned using a 3.0-T functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner. The amplitudes of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and degree centrality (DC) were used to assess resting-state brain activity. Partial least squares (PLS) correlation was employed to assess the relationship among abnormal brain activities, pain-related and trait negative emotions. Compared to controls, patients with IBD exhibited higher values of ALFF in the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), lower values of ALFF in the left postcentral gyrus, and higher values of DC in the bilateral ACC. Multivariate PLS correlation analysis revealed the brain scores of the ACC were correlated with pain-related negative emotions, the brain salience in the left postcentral gyrus was associated with the higher-order trait depression. These findings can enhance our comprehension of how pain-related negative emotion and trait negative emotion affect the brains of patients with IBD in distinct ways.

Background: The therapeutic effects of music therapy on improving negative emotions and reducing pain are increasingly acknowledged. However, limited clinical research exists on its use in patients post-laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy (LOC). Materials and Methods: A total of 147 patients undergoing LOC at our hospital were evaluated. Patients were divided based on the implementation time of music therapy: group A (72 patients, October 2020 to October 2021) received standard clinical treatment, while group B (75 patients, November 2021 to November 2022) received music therapy alongside routine care. The baseline data of patients and the scores of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire were collected. Pain and psychological stress levels were compared on the first postoperative day and at discharge to assess the clinical value of each treatment approach. Results: Group B exhibited significantly lower PSS, SF-MPQ, and BAI scores (P < 0.001 for all) and higher overall satisfaction at discharge (P < 0.001). These findings suggest that music therapy can reduce psychological stress, decrease pain levels, and improve mood in patients undergoing LOC. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that music therapy positively rehabilitates patients after LOC, offering new insights for future clinical treatment strategies.

This article draws on the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) model to understand the role of negative emotions in the anti-brand behaviors of online users who consume snow sports brands. To this end, both the online social influence and the mediating effect of symbolic incongruence (stimulus) on the generation of negative emotions (anger, stress, frustration, fear, boredom and sadness) (organism), and how these influence the formation of negative customer brand engagement (nCBE) (response), are analyzed. The study also analyses the moderating effects of “level of expertise”, this makes it possible to capture differences in behaviors based on the profile of the users in each of the proposed relationships. Questionnaire responses of 400 ski and snowboard users over 18 years of age were analyzed using a quantitative methodology. The results obtained have important theoretical and practical implications, since they confirm that online social influences have both a direct and indirect (mediating) effect on negative emotions, which positively affects the nCBE of online users of snow sports brands. Significant differences in behavior based on experience level (moderation effect) were also found. The study proposes useful practical recommendations applicable in online environments that the extreme sports industry could use to neutralize/avoid highly detrimental consequences.

Objective To evaluate the effect of empathic nursing combined with Lee Silverman voice treatment (LSVT) on negative emotion, swallowing function and compliance in elderly patients with cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 100 elderly patients with cerebral infarction admitted to General Hospital of Northern Theater Command and the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from December 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into two groups according to random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing and routine speech intervention training, and the study group received empathic nursing combined with LSVT. The neurological function [simple test for evaluating hand function scale (STEF)], motor function [Fugl-Meyer motor assessment scale (FMA)], negative emotions [self rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS)], swallowing function (wata drinking water test), activities of daily living (Barthel scale), compliance and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results Before intervention, between the two groups, there was no significant difference in STEF score, FMA score, SAS score, SDS score, drinking water test and Barthel scale score (P > 0.05) . After intervention, STEF scores, FMA scores and and Barthel scale score in both groups were higher than those before intervention (P < 0.05), and SAS score, SDS score were lower than those before intervention (P < 0.05) . After intervention, the STEF scores, FMA scores and and Barthel scale score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), the SAS score, SDS score and drinking water test in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the drinking water test in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.05) . The total sequence rate and nursing satisfaction in observation group were higher than those in control group (P < 0.05) . Conclusion Empathic nursing combined with LSVT has a positive effect on the elderly patients with cerebral infarction, which can improve the neurological function, motor function and swallowing function, and reduce the negative emotion. In addition, patients have high compliance and satisfaction with this nursing method.

This study examines attenuated risk responses among individuals who do not adhere to preventive COVID-19 measures (e.g., antimaskers). Guided by the Social Amplification of Risk Model, a survey (N = 373) of nonabiding populations showed that news media use was positively associated with risk perceptions, information seeking and sharing, and preventive measure adoption. By contrast, negative emotions to COVID-19 and perceived knowledge hindered preventive measure adoption from increased information seeking and sharing. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to examine the role of perceived stress, social addiction, and negative emotions on procrastination among undergraduate students in Vietnam. The results among 1000 undergraduate students showed that perceived stress was positively associated with procrastination, social addiction, and negative emotions. In addition, students' procrastination was positively and significantly influenced by both social addiction and negative emotions, which in turn substantially mediated the link between stress and procrastination. Moreover, the results revealed that students' mindfulness moderated the influence of stress on both social addiction and negative emotions. This research offers significant contributions for academics and practitioners to lessen academic-related procrastination among undergraduate students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to identify nursing students’ fears and emotions and to concretise the metaphors they used to describe their feelings towards the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This study was conducted with nursing students at a foundation university between December 2021 and February 2022 using a sequential mixed methods research design. In the quantitative part of the study, 323 nursing students answered the ‘Positive and Negative Emotion Scale’ and the ‘COVID-19 Fear Scale’. In the qualitative part, students were asked to metaphorise COVID-19 with a colour and 21 in-depth interviews were conducted on the reasons for choosing this colour. Results The average age of the students participating in the study was 21.41 ± 1.97 years and 78% of them were female. It was observed that 15.8 of the students had previously tested positive for COVID-19. Most of the participants (98.5%) were vaccinated against COVID-19 and 31.9% had a relative who died due to COVID-19. When the participants were asked which colour they compared COVID-19 to, it was observed that more than half of them chose red (51.4%) among bright colours and 13% chose black among dark colours. In this study, it was determined that students who chose dark colours to describe COVID-19 had higher COVID-19 Fear and Negative Emotion Scale scores. In in-depth interviews, it was observed that students who chose dark colours were more deeply affected by the COVID-19 process, while students who chose light colours associated this period with negative emotions. Conclusion In this study, it was observed that nursing students’ feelings and thoughts about the COVID-19 period in line with their experiences affect the choice of colour in metaphorisation.

In recent years, there has been a significant amount of literature on design, design thinking, and the design process. Many researchers have conducted studies to describe and explain the essence and mechanisms of the design process, as well as the unique nature of design thinking. However, this research aims to systematically review the literature in the field of design studies and related fields on the subject of negative emotional experiences as perceived in these studies, striving to present a comprehensive content and theoretical framework for previous studies. The study of this topic is significant due to its potential to enhance our understanding of how designers' function during the creative design process and the effects of these emotions on them. This research serves as a foundation for more precise analyses of these negative emotional experiences, which can lead to the development of effective and structured design approaches. n recent years, there has been a significant amount of literature on design, design thinking, and the design process. Many researchers have conducted studies to describe and explain the essence and mechanisms of the design process, as well as the unique nature of design thinking. However, this research aims to systematically review the literature in the field of design studies and related fields on the subject of negative emotional experiences as perceived in these studies, striving to present a comprehensive content and theoretical framework for previous studies.....

Objective The purpose of this study is to construct and evaluate a kinesiophobia intervention plan based on the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) theory in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods A total of 90 patients with acute myocardial infarction and fear of exercise who underwent PCI at Xuzhou Central Hospital from October 2022 to October 2023 were selected. To ensure that basic characteristics were balanced and comparable between groups, 45 cases were assigned to each intervention group and control group. The control group implemented a routine nursing plan, while the intervention group implemented a kinesiophobia intervention plan based on BCW theory on the basis of the control group. Firstly, an intervention team and expert group were formed to construct and implement a kinesiophobia intervention plan based on BCW theory. Both groups of patients were intervened for 3 months. Compare the differences in kinesiophobia levels, anxiety and depression levels, and exercise self-efficacy levels between two groups of patients after intervention. Results After intervention, the scores of tampa scale for kinesiophobia heart kinesiophobia(TSK-SV Heart), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire–9(PHQ-9) in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group at discharge from hospital, one month after discharge and three months after discharge, with significant difference (P＜0. 05). After intervention, the Self-Evaluation Exercise (SEE) scores of patients in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group at all time points, with significant difference (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The intervention plan for kinesiophobia in patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI, designed based on the BCW theory, is detailed in content, scientifically systematic, and highly practical, providing useful guidance for clinical practice. This intervention plan can not only reduce patients' level of kinesiophobia, alleviate negative emotions such as anxiety and depression, but also enhance patients' exercise self-efficacy, thereby improving their postoperative quality of life. (目的 探究基于行为改变模式(BCW)理论的急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后患者运动恐惧干预方案的构建与应用效果评价。方法 选取2022 年10月—2023年10月徐州市中心医院收治的急性心肌梗死PCI 术后并存在运动恐惧的患者90 例。按照组间基本特征均衡且具有可比性的原则分为干预组和对照组, 各45例。对照组实施常规的护理方案, 干预组在对照组的基础上施行基于BCW理论制定的运动恐惧干预方案, 首先组建干预团队和专家组, 构建基于BCW理论的运动恐惧干预方案并实施。两组患者均干预3个月。干预后比较两组患者的运动恐惧水平、焦虑抑郁水平以及运动自我效能水平的差异性。结果 经过干预后, 出院当天、出院后1 个月、出院后3 个月干预组患者的心脏病患者运动恐惧量表(TSK-SV Heart)得分、广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)-7量表和患者健康问卷抑郁症状群量表(PHQ-9)得分均低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。经过干预后, 出院当天、出院后1 个月、出院后3 个月干预组患者的运动自我效能感量表(SEE)得分均高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 基于BCW理论设计的急性心肌梗死PCI术后患者运动恐惧干预方案, 内容翔实, 体系科学, 实用性强, 为临床实践提供了有益的指导。此干预方案不仅能够降低患者运动恐惧水平, 缓解焦虑和抑郁等负面情绪, 还能增强患者的运动自我效能, 进而改善患者术后生活质量。)

Background. The relevance of the work is due to insufficient knowledge of adolescents’ understanding disappointment, its causes and ways of its overcoming. Objective. The study had purpose to investigate into ideas about disappointment among the young people aged 17–25 years. Study Participants. The study involved 285 people (180 girls and 105 boys) aged 17–25 years. Methods. The study implemented content analysis of mini-essays on the topic: “My idea of disappointment” including answers to the following questions: “What is disappointment?”, “What feelings did you experience when disappointed?”, “The greatest disappointment in my life.” Results. The study allowed to analyze the concepts of disappointment among young people, to identify its different types and describe the specifics of experiencing disappointment in the selected age groups. All subjects understand disappointment as a manifestation of negative emotions in response to an expected result. The study has identified three types of disappointment: in oneself, in others, in activities. When describing feelings associated with disappointment, negative emotions predominated in the 17–20-year-old group. In the 21–25-year-old group, in addition to negative ones, there were also positive feelings as grounds for revising plans and their implementation. Conclusions. In the young people aged 17–25 experiencing disappointment, the negative emotions reinforce their negative self-affirmation and destroy their confidence in the truth of their feelings towards themselves and others. Only a small number of young people can see the possibility of positive changes in a situation of disappointment, which makes it difficult to correct behavior and attitudes towards others in the process of overcoming disappointment. The results obtained allow for introducing the concept of disappointment, which affects interpersonal relationships, into the social psychology. The proposed recommendations can be used by educators and psychologists practicing support to the people of different ages aimed at overcoming frustration of disappointments.

Abstract Background The mental health of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic has attracted the attention of researchers. For the present study researchers constructed a mediation model to explore the relationship between psychological resilience and post-traumatic growth, the mediating role of negative emotions and the moderating role of deliberate rumination in students. Methods The Psychological Resilience Scale, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Event Related Rumination Inventory were used in a survey of 881 college students. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and the PROCESS plugin (version 3.3). Results (1) Psychological resilience is positively related with post-traumatic growth. Deliberate rumination is positively related to psychological resilience, posttraumatic growth, and negative emotions. Psychological resilience, post-traumatic growth and negative emotions are negatively related. (2) Negative emotions mediated the relationship between psychological resilience and post-traumatic growth. (3) Deliberate rumination plays a moderating role in psychological resilience affecting negative emotions. Deliberate rumination plays a moderating role in the extent to which psychological resilience influences PTG through negative emotions. Conclusions Psychological resilience affects post-traumatic growth directly and also indirectly through negative emotions. With the increase of mental resilience, the level of negative emotion tended to decrease. When individuals are experiencing negative emotions, high levels of active rumination are more likely to promote post-traumatic growth. This study helps to explore the factors affecting the mental health of college students during the epidemic, thus providing guidance for appropriate mental health interventions.

Objective To observe the effects of 20 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with venlafaxine in the treatment of adult generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and its impact on cognitive function and negative emotions. Methods A total of 75 adult patients with GAD admitted to the hospital from March 2021 to April 2023 were randomly divided into two groups using the random number table method. The control group (37 cases) received venlafaxine treatment, while the study group (38 cases) received rTMS on the basis of venlafaxine. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was compared. Results The total effective rate eye movement measurement. Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MOCA) scores in the study group were higher than those in the control group and the event-related potential latency, as well as the scores of GAD-7 scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale were significantly lower than those of the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion The 20 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with venlafaxine therapy can improve the clinical efficacy, cognitive function, and alleviate negative emotions in adult patients with GAD, with high therapeutic practicality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Second/foreign language (L2) learners often go through a gamut of conflicting experiences embedded within their emotional system, which can be managed through emotion regulation (ER). Motivated by complex dynamic systems theory (CDST), this qualitative study aimed to explore the signature dynamics of positive and negative emotions among six Iranian adolescent English language learners. Additionally, the study investigated how learners manage their emotions in the L2 classroom. Using the CDST as its main theoretical framework and retrodictive qualitative modeling as its main methodology, the current investigation revealed that the learners’ emotional systems were mediated by internal and external contexts, as well as dynamicity. It was further discovered that ER strategies were driven by multiple simultaneous factors influencing emotional systems and the adaptability of those systems to new situations. In the end, we discuss how policymakers, teachers, and researchers can adopt the findings to provide some well‐needed support for classroom‐based L2 learners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Avatar use has been proposed as a method to address students' social anxiety and hesitancy to interact with other people in synchronous online environments. Nonetheless, there is a dearth of research examining the effects of avatar-based interactions on students' emotions and motivation. A quasi-experimental research was conducted to examine the effects of avatar-based interaction on students' self-efficacy, affects related to interaction, emotions, and learning outcomes in a synchronous video conferencing-based online learning environment. Seventy-one participants were recruited from three sections of one required teacher training course for elementary school pre-service teachers. All sections followed the same course structure and had the same learning content. Forty-three students in two sections were assigned to the experimental group and used avatar-based interaction. Twenty-eight students in one section was assigned to the control group and interacted using webcams. The results showed that the avatar-based interaction effectively alleviated students' concerns and negative emotions. We found no significant difference in perceived learning achievement between the two groups, although the experimental group showed the higher course satisfaction than the control group. The current findings support the potential mitigation effect of avatar-based interaction on social anxiety during video conferencing-based online learning. Avatar use can be an effective alternative to assuage students' social concerns, thereby fostering active engagement in social interactions within various synchronous online learning environments, such as the Metaverse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the current status of psychological resilience, insomnia and negative emotions among nurses in Guangdong Province, China. And to explore the effects of the interaction between psychological resilience and insomnia on negative emotions. Methods: A cross-sectional survey method was used to select 1874 nurses in Guangdong Province from February 2023 to April 2023 for the survey. The Chinese version of the Psychological Resilience Scale (PRS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21(DASS-21)were used in this study. We use SPSS 26.0 for statistical analysis. A simple effect analysis was established to analyze the association between psychological resilience, insomnia and negative emotions by using psychological resilience, insomnia and the interaction term. Results: The overall PRS and ISI scores were (59.79 ± 17.29) and (9.83 ± 5.97). The scores of DASS-21 each dimension were (8.19 ± 9.02) for depression emotion, (7.93 ± 7.66) for anxiety emotion and (10.58 ± 9.77) for stress emotion. The results of the interaction effect analysis indicated that psychological resilience and insomnia exhibited statistically significant differences in the between-subjects effect test for depression emotion (r2 = 0.136, P<0.01), anxiety emotion (r2 = 0.127, P<0.01), and stress emotion (r2 = 0.142, P<0.01). Conclusion: The nurses exhibited moderate levels of psychological resilience. Most of them have varying degrees of insomnia, with majority being classified as mild insomnia. Additionally, they demonstrated varying degrees of negative emotions. There was a negative correlation between psychological resilience and insomnia. Psychological resilience was negatively correlated with depression, anxiety and stress emotions. Insomnia was positively correlated with depression, anxiety and stress emotions. Furthermore, the interaction between psychological resilience and insomnia had an effect on all three dimensions of negative emotions. Consequently, hospital administrators may implement efficacious intervention strategies such as cognitive behavioral therapy and improving workplace climate in a timely manner according to the different psychological tolerance and severity of insomnia of nurses in order to reduce the occurrence of negative emotions among nurses and improve their mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to identify nursing students' fears and emotions and to concretise the metaphors they used to describe their feelings towards the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study was conducted with nursing students at a foundation university between December 2021 and February 2022 using a sequential mixed methods research design. In the quantitative part of the study, 323 nursing students answered the 'Positive and Negative Emotion Scale' and the 'COVID-19 Fear Scale'. In the qualitative part, students were asked to metaphorise COVID-19 with a colour and 21 in-depth interviews were conducted on the reasons for choosing this colour. Results: The average age of the students participating in the study was 21.41 ± 1.97 years and 78% of them were female. It was observed that 15.8 of the students had previously tested positive for COVID-19. Most of the participants (98.5%) were vaccinated against COVID-19 and 31.9% had a relative who died due to COVID-19. When the participants were asked which colour they compared COVID-19 to, it was observed that more than half of them chose red (51.4%) among bright colours and 13% chose black among dark colours. In this study, it was determined that students who chose dark colours to describe COVID-19 had higher COVID-19 Fear and Negative Emotion Scale scores. In in-depth interviews, it was observed that students who chose dark colours were more deeply affected by the COVID-19 process, while students who chose light colours associated this period with negative emotions. Conclusion: In this study, it was observed that nursing students' feelings and thoughts about the COVID-19 period in line with their experiences affect the choice of colour in metaphorisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the war time dysregulation of negative emotions such as fear, anger, hatred, frustration, sadness, humiliation, and hopelessness can overrule normal societal values, culture, and endanger global peace and security, and mental health in affected societies. Therefore, it is understandable that the range and power of negative emotions may play important roles in consideration of human behavior in any armed conflict. The estimation and assessment of dominant negative emotions during war time are crucial but are challenged by the complexity of emotions' neuro-psycho-physiology. Currently available natural language processing (NLP) tools have comprehensive computational methods to analyze and understand the emotional content of related textual data in war-inflicted societies. Innovative AI-driven technologies incorporating machine learning, neuro-linguistic programming, cloud infrastructure, and novel digital therapeutic tools and applications present an immense potential to enhance mental health care worldwide. This advancement could make mental health services more cost-effective and readily accessible. Due to the inadequate number of psychiatrists and limited psychiatric resources in coping with mental health consequences of war and traumas, new digital therapeutic wearable devices supported by AI tools and means might be promising approach in psychiatry of future. Transformation of negative dominant emotional maps might be undertaken by the simultaneous combination of online cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on individual level, as well as usage of emotionally based strategic communications (EBSC) on a public level. The proposed positive emotional transformation by means of CBT and EBSC may provide important leverage in efforts to protect mental health of civil population in war-inflicted societies. AI-based tools that can be applied in design of EBSC stimuli, like Open AI Chat GPT or Google Gemini may have great potential to significantly enhance emotionally based strategic communications by more comprehensive understanding of semantic and linguistic analysis of available text datasets of war-traumatized society. Human in the loop enhanced by Chat GPT and Gemini can aid in design and development of emotionally annotated messages that resonate among targeted population, amplifying the impact of strategic communications in shaping human dominant emotional maps into a more positive by CBT and EBCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has investigated how the context of perception affects emotional response. This study investigated how engagement with perceived fictional content vs perceived everyday-life content affects the way people experience negative emotions. Four studies with an experimental design tested how engagement with perceived fictional content vs perceived everyday life content affects the intensity of negative emotional response to negative emotional content, the motivation to decrease negative emotions, and cognitive reappraisal. Participants were presented with negatively valenced images and were asked to imagine either that they were witnessing them, or that a bystander was witnessing them, or that they were viewing a movie including these scenes. After the manipulation, all participants observed a different set of negatively valenced images or a set of negatively valenced videos and reported their emotional response. We found that the intensity of negative emotions and motivation to decrease them was lower among participants in the fiction condition compared to participants in the everyday life condition. Although perspective-taking had a similar effect on negative emotions, fiction condition was more successful in decreasing negative emotions. This might indicate that fiction plays a buffering role in decreasing the negative emotions people experience when facing negative emotional content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although researchers have documented relations between abusive supervision and subordinate counterproductive work behavior (CWB), might CWB result from non-abusive treatment? We address the question by examining the relation between leader-member relations (LMX) and CWB as well as potential mediators and moderators of that relation. One hundred and eighty subordinates completed surveys assessing their LMX quality, entitlement, negative emotions, self-control, and CWB. Twenty-six supervisors also provided CWB data on 88 of those subordinates. We found that subordinates reporting lower quality relations with their supervisors were more likely to experience CWB than other subordinates and that anger mediated that relation. There was some support for the moderating effect of self-control on the negative emotion – CWB relation. Entitlement did not moderate the LMX – anger relation as hypothesized. One implication is that supervisors do not have to treat their subordinates poorly for the subordinates to react negatively and engage in behavior detrimental to their organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Emotional functioning in older adults is influenced by normal aging and cognitive impairment, likely heterogeneous across positive versus negative aspects of emotional functioning. Little is known about positive emotional experiences at the early stages of cognitive impairment. Methods: We assessed different aspects of emotional functioning among 448 participants aged 65+ (Normal Control (NC) = 276, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) = 103, and mild dementia of the Alzheimer type (mild DAT) = 69) and tested moderators. Results: Compared to NC, older adults with MCI and mild DAT have maintained many positive aspects of emotional functioning, despite higher levels of negative affect, sadness, and loneliness. Among the oldest-old, the mild DAT group experienced higher fear and lower self-efficacy. Discussion: Older adults at early stages of cognitive impairment can experience positive aspects of emotional functioning, such as positive affect, purpose, and life satisfaction, all of which are important buildable psychological resources for coping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Career-related emotional contagion has been investigated in many sectors, including healthcare and journalism. However, the gambling sector remains unexplored, despite frontline casino employees' frequent exposure to the fluctuating emotions of gamblers, especially those who experience gambling problems. This study fills the research gap by investigating the impact of long-term exposure to gambling on frontline casino employees. The data were collected from 46 interviewees. Analysis revealed three themes: dealers' emotional responses, 'dirty work', and the impact on dealers' private lives. In the first theme, the interviewees' responses indicated that exposure to gambling led to various emotional outcomes, including indifference, sympathy, perplexity, and worry. The second theme, 'dirty work', covers observations concerning organizational malpractice and negative social impacts. The various 'impacts on dealer's private lives' identified in the data ranged from negative to positive. This study reveals the complexity of workplace emotional contagion and the emotional costs for frontline casino employees. The implication for gambling companies is that emotional support with – and training in – emotion management are necessary to maintain and retain a healthy workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Language learners' positive and negative emotions were integrated with their social anxiety and their suppression in technology-enhanced learning environments. A total of 878 Chinese English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners participated in this study. They completed a Computer Technology Integration Questionnaire (CTIQ), an Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), a Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PNAS) and a Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS). Results of SEM analysis indicated that while positive emotions were directly related to the learners' perceptions of technology-enhanced learning environments, their negative emotions adversely predicted their emotion regulation and their perceptions of technology integration. The outcomes confirmed that there were significant and positive relationships between Chinese EFL students' emotion regulation and their perceptions of technology-enhanced learning environments. The findings of the study suggest implications to reduce learners' anxiety and encourage them to use technology in their classrooms. This study is intended to enhance our understanding of positive and negative events in technology-enhanced learning environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Western society generally highly values happiness. As a result, people sometimes experience pressure not to feel negative emotions. In this study, we comprehensively investigated this pressure, and how it manifests itself, in adult romantic relationships. Specifically, we first examined when, how often and how intensely people experience pressure not to feel bad from their romantic partners (94 different-sex couples). Additionally, we investigated (both between- and within-person) how this pressure is related to context (presence of, contact and or conflict with a partner), emotional processes (i.e. experienced sadness and anxiety, emotion suppression, and how their partner perceived their affect), and relationship well-being. Using experience sampling methodology data (6/14 reports per day over one week) we found that although participants generally did not experience strong pressure from their partner, they experienced some feelings of pressure about 50% of the time. Furthermore, within-person predictors associated with negative processes/emotions (i.e. negative emotions, conflict, emotion suppression) were related to the momentary frequency (odds) and/or intensity of perceived pressure not to feel bad. At the between-person level, individuals who experience more sadness, anxiety and reported suppressing their emotions more often tended to experience more and/or stronger pressure. Only weak associations with relationship well-being were found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]