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Abstract Background Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading reason for cancer-related death among women. Neoadjuvant treatment with dual-HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) blockade has shown promising effects in this regard. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of a proposed pertuzumab biosimilar with the reference pertuzumab. Methods This randomized, phase III, multicenter, equivalency clinical trial was conducted on chemotherapy-naive women with HER2-positive breast cancer. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive six cycles of either P013 (CinnaGen, Iran) or the originator product (Perjeta, Roche, Switzerland) along with trastuzumab, carboplatin, and docetaxel every 3 weeks. Patients were stratified by cancer type (operable, locally advanced, inflammatory) and hormone receptor status. The primary endpoint was breast pathologic complete response (bpCR). Secondary endpoints included comparisons of total pCR, overall response rate (ORR), breast-conserving surgery (BCS), safety, and immunogenicity. Results Two hundred fourteen patients were randomized to treatment groups. bpCR rate in the per-protocol population was 67.62% in the P013 and 71.57% in the reference drug groups. Based on bpCR, P013 was equivalent to the reference pertuzumab with a mean difference of − 0.04 (95% CI: − 0.16, 0.09). Secondary endpoints were also comparable between the two groups. Conclusions The proposed biosimilar P013 was equivalent to the reference product in terms of efficacy. The safety of both medications was also comparable.

Background: Drought can be considered as a characteristic deviation from the normal climatic conditions that manifest itself in variables like rainfall, soil moisture and level of water rivers and underground water. According to the National Drought Monitoring and Warning Center of Iran and based on the SPI index, by February 2017, around 60% of Kerman Province was involved in severe drought, and about 16% suffered from severe drought. The risk of drought is a function of the intensity and duration of drought as well as the vulnerability of the community against the drought. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the risk of drought and its mapping in Kerman Province. Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative study that besides determining the risk of drought, assess the level of vulnerability of Kerman Province against drought. In order to evaluate the risk of drought, we used the equation DRI=DHI * DVI. Using the relationship DHI=(MDr * MDw)+(VSDr * VSDw)+(SDr * SDw), the Drought Hazard Index was extracted. The data obtained from the study was mapped by using ArcGIS 9.0. Results: Based on the study results, 6.3% of Kerman Province, 11581 Km2, was involved in severe drought. This province with mean drought vulnerability index of 4.5, has low tolerance against drought and the consequences could affect dramatically the communities in this province. Conclusion: The measures to reduce the vulnerability in social, economic, ecologic, and health areas not only lower the risk in the drought-affected areas, but also prevent secondary damages like immigration, marginalization, and social, cultural problems in large and capital cities of the province.

Background: Drought can be considered as a characteristic deviation from the normal climatic conditions that manifest itself in variables like rainfall, soil moisture and level of water rivers and underground water. According to the National Drought Monitoring and Warning Center of Iran and based on the SPI index, by February 2017, around 60% of Kerman Province was involved in severe drought, and about 16% suffered from severe drought. The risk of drought is a function of the intensity and duration of drought as well as the vulnerability of the community against the drought. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the risk of drought and its mapping in Kerman Province. Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative study that besides determining the risk of drought, assess the level of vulnerability of Kerman Province against drought. In order to evaluate the risk of drought, we used the equation DRI=DHI * DVI. Using the relationship DHI=(MDr * MDw)+(VSDr * VSDw)+(SDr * SDw), the Drought Hazard Index was extracted. The data obtained from the study was mapped by using ArcGIS 9.0. Results: Based on the study results, 6.3% of Kerman Province, 11581 Km2, was involved in severe drought. This province with mean drought vulnerability index of 4.5, has low tolerance against drought and the consequences could affect dramatically the communities in this province. Conclusion: The measures to reduce the vulnerability in social, economic, ecologic, and health areas not only lower the risk in the drought-affected areas, but also prevent secondary damages like immigration, marginalization, and social, cultural problems in large and capital cities of the province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]