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3. Orientações adotadas nas maternidades dos hospitais-escola do Brasil, sobre posição de dormir

Author

Nunes Magda Lahorgue, Martins Maurer Pereira, Nelson Edmund Anthony Severn, Cowan Stephanie, Cafferata Maria Luisa, and Costa Jaderson Costa da

Subjects
Maternidades, Morte Infantil Súbita, Saúde Infantil, Sono, Medicine, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

A posição prona para dormir, tem sido relacionada como fator de risco para síndrome da morte súbita do lactente (SMSL). Com o objetivo de identificar qual a posição preferencial para dormir adotada nos hospitais, que orientações são fornecidas aos pais de recém-nascidos sobre a posição preferencial para dormir durante o primeiro ano de vida e prevenção de SMSL, realizamos estudo multicentrico por meio de questionário, sendo selecionados hospitais com programa de Residência Médica em Pediatria. Analisamos as informações referentes a 55 instituições, cuja média de nascimentos/ano variou entre 240 e 11.000 (mediana 2.750). O decúbito lateral é a posição preferencial para dormir (44,4%) e a mais orientada para uso domiciliar (67%). Concluímos que, a recomendação da posição supina ao dormir e orientações para prevenção da SMSL, não têm sido realizadas na rotina dos hospitais pesquisados. Entretanto, na alta hospitalar, o incentivo ao aleitamento materno e a importância das imunizações, são enfatizados em 100% das instituições e recomendações sobre evitar fumo, em 85%.

Published
2002

8. The Effects of Ketogenic Diets and Ketone Supplements on the Aerobic Performance of Endurance Runners: A Systematic Review

Author

Sun, Kexin, Choi, Yee Tung, Yu, Clare Chung Wah, Nelson, Edmund Anthony Severn, Goh, Jorming, Dai, Siyu, and Hui, Lai Ling

Abstract

Context: Ketogenic diets and ketone supplements have gained popularity among endurance runners given their purported effects: potentially delaying the onset of fatigue by enabling the increased utilization of the body’s fat reserve or external ketone bodies during prolonged running.Objective: This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effects of ketogenic diets (>60% fat and <10% carbohydrates/<50 g carbohydrates per day) or ketone supplements (ketone esters or ketone salts, medium-chain triglycerides or 1,3-butadiol) on the aerobic performance of endurance runners.Data Sources: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Pro Quest, and Science Direct for publications up to October 2023.Study Selection: Human studies on the effects of ketogenic diets or ketone supplements on the aerobic performance of adult endurance runners were included after independent screening by 2 reviewers.Study Design: Systematic review.Level of Evidence: Level 3.Data Extraction: Primary outcomes were markers of aerobic performance (maximal oxygen uptake [VO2max], race time, time to exhaustion and rate of perceived exertion).Results: VO2max was assessed by incremental test to exhaustion. Endurance performance was assessed by time trials, 180-minute running trials, or run-to-exhaustion trials; 5 studies on ketogenic diets and 7 studies on ketone supplements involving a total of 132 endurance runners were included. Despite the heterogeneity in study design and protocol, none reported benefits of ketogenic diets or ketone supplements on selected markers of aerobic performance compared with controls. Reduction in bodyweight and fat while preserving lean mass and improved glycemic control were reported in some included studies on ketogenic diets.Conclusion: This review did not identify any significant advantages or disadvantages of ketogenic diets or ketone supplements for the aerobic performance of endurance runners. Further trials with larger sample sizes, more gender-balanced participants, longer ketogenic diet interventions, and follow-up on metabolic health are warranted.

Published
2024
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10. Orientações adotadas nas maternidades dos hospitais-escola do Brasil, sobre posição de dormir

Author

Nunes,Magda Lahorgue, Martins,Maurer Pereira, Nelson,Edmund Anthony Severn, Cowan,Stephanie, Cafferata,Maria Luisa, and Costa,Jaderson Costa da

Subjects
Saúde Infantil, Maternidades, Morte Infantil Súbita, Sono
Abstract

A posição prona para dormir, tem sido relacionada como fator de risco para síndrome da morte súbita do lactente (SMSL). Com o objetivo de identificar qual a posição preferencial para dormir adotada nos hospitais, que orientações são fornecidas aos pais de recém-nascidos sobre a posição preferencial para dormir durante o primeiro ano de vida e prevenção de SMSL, realizamos estudo multicentrico por meio de questionário, sendo selecionados hospitais com programa de Residência Médica em Pediatria. Analisamos as informações referentes a 55 instituições, cuja média de nascimentos/ano variou entre 240 e 11.000 (mediana 2.750). O decúbito lateral é a posição preferencial para dormir (44,4%) e a mais orientada para uso domiciliar (67%). Concluímos que, a recomendação da posição supina ao dormir e orientações para prevenção da SMSL, não têm sido realizadas na rotina dos hospitais pesquisados. Entretanto, na alta hospitalar, o incentivo ao aleitamento materno e a importância das imunizações, são enfatizados em 100% das instituições e recomendações sobre evitar fumo, em 85%.

Published
2002

11. Orientações adotadas nas maternidades dos hospitais-escola do Brasil, sobre posição de dormir

Author

Nunes, Magda Lahorgue, Martins, Maurer Pereira, Nelson, Edmund Anthony Severn, Cowan, Stephanie, Cafferata, Maria Luisa, and Costa, Jaderson Costa da

Subjects
Saúde Infantil, Maternity Hospitals, Child Health, Maternidades, Sleep, Morte Infantil Súbita, Sudden Infant Death, Sono
Abstract

A posição prona para dormir, tem sido relacionada como fator de risco para síndrome da morte súbita do lactente (SMSL). Com o objetivo de identificar qual a posição preferencial para dormir adotada nos hospitais, que orientações são fornecidas aos pais de recém-nascidos sobre a posição preferencial para dormir durante o primeiro ano de vida e prevenção de SMSL, realizamos estudo multicentrico por meio de questionário, sendo selecionados hospitais com programa de Residência Médica em Pediatria. Analisamos as informações referentes a 55 instituições, cuja média de nascimentos/ano variou entre 240 e 11.000 (mediana 2.750). O decúbito lateral é a posição preferencial para dormir (44,4%) e a mais orientada para uso domiciliar (67%). Concluímos que, a recomendação da posição supina ao dormir e orientações para prevenção da SMSL, não têm sido realizadas na rotina dos hospitais pesquisados. Entretanto, na alta hospitalar, o incentivo ao aleitamento materno e a importância das imunizações, são enfatizados em 100% das instituições e recomendações sobre evitar fumo, em 85%. The prone sleeping position has been causally linked to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This survey aimed to determine whether maternity hospitals in Brazil were promoting the prone sleeping position for newborns. Information was also collected on SIDS prevention messages. The study adopted a multicenter collaborative approach in hospitals with training in pediatrics, using questionnaires. Correctly completed questionnaires were received from 55 hospitals. The number of deliveries/year varied at the hospitals from 240 to 11,000 (median 2,750). The majority of hospitals encouraged the lateral (side) sleeping position in the normal care nurseries (44.4%) and at discharge (67%). In conclusion, the majority of hospitals surveyed are not promoting the supine sleeping position or any other intervention for SIDS prevention, although verbal information is provided to parents about breastfeeding (100%), immunization (100%), and smoking (85%).

Published
2002

12. Rotavirus vaccine RIX4414 efficacy sustained during the third year of life: A randomized clinical trial in an Asian population

Author

Phua, Kong Boo, primary, Lim, Fong Seng, additional, Lau, Yu Lung, additional, Nelson, Edmund Anthony Severn, additional, Huang, Li Min, additional, Quak, Seng Hock, additional, Lee, Bee Wah, additional, Doorn, Leen Jan van, additional, Teoh, Yee Leong, additional, Tang, Haiwen, additional, Suryakiran, P.V., additional, Smolenov, Igor V., additional, Bock, Hans L., additional, and Han, Htay Htay, additional

Published
2012
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14. Paediatrician Attendance at Caesarean Section

Author

Ng, Pakcheung, Wong, Man Yu, Nelson, Edmund Anthony Severn, Ng, Pakcheung, Wong, Man Yu, and Nelson, Edmund Anthony Severn

Abstract

Five hundred and twenty term singleton infants delivered by Caesarean section were categorised into six groups according to type of Caesarean section (elective or emergency), type of anaesthesia (epidural or general) and presence of fetal distress. Infants delivered under general anaesthesia had a significantly higher incidence of respiratory depression at birth with Apgar scores < 7 at both 1 and 5 min (P < 0.00001), greater need for active resuscitation (intermittent positive pressure ventilation or bag and mask ventilation) (P < 0.000001) and a higher rate of neonatal unit admission (P < 0.00001), Caesarean sections for fetal distress were associated with a significantly higher incidence of intermittent positive pressure ventilation, but not bag and mask ventilation, for both the general anaesthesia and epidural groups (P < 0.003 and P < 0.02 respectively), indicating severe respiratory depression in some cases. Under epidural anaesthesia, both elective section and emergency section without fetal distress were low risk deliveries. By excluding the non-cephalic presentation cases in these two groups, the incidence of infants requiring active resuscitation was equivalent to the incidence quoted for spontaneous normal delivery. Conclusion Attendance by a paediatrician is not routinely required at epidural Caesarean section when the infant is cephalic and when there is no fetal distress. Every effort should be made to ensure chat epidural anaesthesia is provided in preference to general anaesthesia.

Published
1995

15. [Instructions from teaching hospital maternity wards to parents concerning the sleeping position of newborns].

Author

Nunes ML, Martins MP, Nelson EA, Cowan S, Cafferata ML, and Costa JC

Subjects
Attitude of Health Personnel, Brazil, Female, Hospitals, Maternity, Hospitals, Teaching, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Risk Factors, Sudden Infant Death etiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Posture physiology, Sleep physiology, Sudden Infant Death prevention & control
Abstract

The prone sleeping position has been causally linked to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This survey aimed to determine whether maternity hospitals in Brazil were promoting the prone sleeping position for newborns. Information was also collected on SIDS prevention messages. The study adopted a multicenter collaborative approach in hospitals with training in pediatrics, using questionnaires. Correctly completed questionnaires were received from 55 hospitals. The number of deliveries/year varied at the hospitals from 240 to 11,000 (median 2,750). The majority of hospitals encouraged the lateral (side) sleeping position in the normal care nurseries (44.4%) and at discharge (67%). In conclusion, the majority of hospitals surveyed are not promoting the supine sleeping position or any other intervention for SIDS prevention, although verbal information is provided to parents about breastfeeding (100%), immunization (100%), and smoking (85%).

Published
2002
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