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Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a highly prevalent disease. We aimed to assess the symptoms that physicians who see patients with AR perceive as the most bothersome in their patients. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study based on an online questionnaire sent to all members of the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative. The survey included questions on the physicians' perceptions of patients’ AR symptoms as well as of their own AR symptoms. Results: Among 401 respondents, 155 (38.7%) reported having AR. ARIA members reported nasal symptoms to be the most frequent (89.7%) and bothersome (80.0%) symptoms experienced by themselves. Likewise, nasal symptoms were reported by ARIA members as the most frequent (94.8% in members with AR vs 96.0% in members without AR) and bothersome (57.0% in members with AR vs 67.9% in members without AR) in their patients. We found a significant association (p = 0.001) between physicians’ own symptoms and those perceived as the most bothersome in their patients. Conclusion: Physicians perceive nasal symptoms to be the most frequent and the most bothersome symptoms in AR patients. The physicians' personal experiences with AR may influence their perception of patients’ symptoms.

Abstract Introduction The integrated care pathways for atopic dermatitis (AD‐ICPs) aim to bridge the gap between existing AD treatment evidence‐based guidelines and expert opinion based on daily practice by offering a structured multidisciplinary plan for patient management of AD. ICPs have the potential to enhance guideline recommendations by combining interventions and aspects from different guidelines, integrating quality assurance, and describing co‐ordination of care. Most importantly, patients can enter the ICPs at any level depending on AD severity, resources available in their country, and economic factors such as differences in insurance reimbursement systems. Methods The GA2LEN ADCARE network and partners as well as all stakeholders, abbreviated as the AD‐ICPs working group, were involved in the discussion and preparation of the AD ICPs during a series of subgroup workshops and meetings in years 2020 and 2021, after which the document was circulated within all GAL2EN ADCARE centres. Results The AD‐ICPs outline the diagnostic procedures, possible co‐morbidities, different available treatment options including differential approaches for the pediatric population, and the role of the pharmacists and other stakeholders, as well as remaining unmet needs in the management of AD. Conclusion The AD‐ICPs provide a multidisciplinary plan for improved diagnosis, treatment, and patient feedback in AD management, as well as addressing critical unmet needs, including improved access to care, training specialists, implementation of educational programs, assessment on the impact of climate change, and fostering a personalised treatment approach. By focusing on these key areas, the initiative aims to pave the way for a brighter future in the management of AD.

BackgroundHAE with normal C1 inhibitor (HAE-nC1-INH) has been identified as a bradykinin mediated angioedema. Estrogens are one of the main trigger factors. Pregnancy in HAE with C1 inhibitor deficiency showed variable course, however, few reports are available for HAE-nC1-INH. We evaluated the course of pregnancies in women diagnosed with HAE-nC1-INH.MethodsWomen with diagnosis of HAE-nC1-INH according to the following criteria: clinical manifestations similar to HAE-C1-INH, normal biochemical evaluation and family history were included. A questionnaire about pregnancies was applied after consent. Genetic evaluation for known mutations was performed in all patients.ResultsA total of 45 pregnancies occurring in 26 HAE-nC1-INH patients were evaluated (7/26 patients with F12 variant). Spontaneous abortion was reported in 8/45 (17.8%) pregnancies. Onset of attacks started before the pregnancy in 18/26 patients; during the pregnancy in 2/26; and after the pregnancy in 6/26. HAE attacks occurred in 24/37 pregnancies (64,7%): during the 1st trimester in 41.7%; 2nd trimester in 12.5%; 3rd trimester in 20.8%; 1st and 3rd trimesters in 4.2% and during the whole pregnancy in 20.8%. Among 15/18 patients who had attacks before pregnancy, symptoms persisted with worsening in 9/15; improvement in 4/15; no change in 1/15, and no response in 1/15.ConclusionsThe occurrence of abortion in HAE-nC1-INH was similar to the expected for not affected women. The 1st trimester of the pregnancy was more symptomatic for HAE-nC1-INH women. Considering the strong relevance of estrogens in HAE-nC1-INH, pregnancy could worsen the course of disease.

Estudo do tipo caso-controle cujo objetivo foi descrever os casos e as causas de anafilaxia associada à vacina contra sarampo, caxumba e rubéola. Foram estudados 22 casos notificados em crianças de Curitiba, PR, durante Campanha Nacional de Vacinação de 2004, que apresentaram manifestações mucocutâneas. Para o controle, foram selecionadas 66 crianças vizinhas dos casos, que não apresentaram sintomatologia após a aplicação vacinal. Foram realizadas dosagens séricas de anticorpos para os antígenos vacinais, IgE total e específicas para diversos alérgenos, e testes cutâneos. A resposta vacinal foi adequada, a dosagem de IgE específica e os testes cutâneos mostraram que os alérgenos potenciais constituintes da vacina e a atopia não foram relacionados às reações anafiláticas. Os testes cutâneos com a vacina e o dextrano foram positivos somente nos casos, sugerindo sensibilização por algum componente residual da vacina e possível reação cruzada com o dextrano.Estudio del tipo caso-control cuyo objetivo fue describir los casos y las causas de anafilaxia asociada a la vacuna contra sarampión, varicela y rubéola. Fueron estudiados 22 casos notificados en niños de Curitiba, Sureste de Brasil, durante Campaña Nacional de Vacunación de 2004, que presentaron manifestaciones mococutáneas. Para el control, fueron seleccionados 66 niños vecinos de los casos, que no presentaron sintomatología posterior a la aplicación vacunal. Fueron realizadas dosificaciones séricas de anticuerpos para los antígenos vacunales, IgE total y específicas para diversos alérgenos, y pruebas cutáneas. La respuesta vacunal fue adecuada, la dosificación de IgE específica y las pruebas cutáneas mostraron que los alérgenos potenciales constituyentes de la vacuna y la atopia no fueron relacionados a las reacciones anafilácticas. Las pruebas cutáneas con la vacuna y el dextrano fueron positivas solamente en los casos, sugiriendo sensibilización por algún componente residual de la vacuna y posible reacción cruzada con el dextrano.A case-control study was carried out aiming to describe the cases and causes of anaphylaxis associated with the vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella. A total of 22 reported cases in children who showed mucocutaneous manifestations, during the Campanha Nacional de Vacinação (Brazilian Vaccination Campaign), conducted in the city of Curitiba, Southern Brazil, in 2004, were studied. In addition, 66 children, who were next to these cases and did not show a symptomatology after the vaccine was applied, were selected. Serum measurements of antibodies for vaccine antigens and total IgE, specific IgE antibody measurements for several allergens, and skin tests were performed. Vaccine response was adequate, specific IgE measurement and skin tests showed that potential allergens in vaccines and atopy were not associated with anaphylactic reactions. Skin tests with the vaccine and dextran were positive in the cases exclusively, suggesting sensitization to certain residual components of the vaccine and possible cross-reaction with dextran.

Precision allergy molecular diagnostic applications (PAMD@) is increasingly entering routine care. Currently, more than 130 allergenic molecules from more than 50 allergy sources are commercially available for in vitro specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) testing. Since the last publication of this consensus document, a great deal of new information has become available regarding this topic, with over 100 publications in the last year alone. It thus seems quite reasonable to publish an update. It is imperative that clinicians and immunologists specifically trained in allergology keep abreast of the new and rapidly evolving evidence available for PAMD@.PAMD@ may initially appear complex to interpret; however, with increasing experience, the information gained provides relevant information for the allergist. This is especially true for food allergy, Hymenoptera allergy, and for the selection of allergen immunotherapy. Nevertheless, all sIgE tests, including PAMD@, should be evaluated within the framework of a patient's clinical history, because allergen sensitization does not necessarily imply clinical relevant allergies. Keywords: Diagnosis, Molecular allergy, Cross reactivity, Panallergen, Specific IgE, PAMD@

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a positividade do Phadiatop® em crianças acompanhadas em serviços brasileiros de alergologia e compará-la aos resultados de IgE sérica específica a alérgenos inalantes e alimentares. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODO: Em 457 crianças acompanhadas em serviços de alergia pediátrica e um grupo de crianças controle não-alérgicas (n = 62), distribuídas em cinco faixas etárias, foram determinados em amostra de soro: Phadiatop® e IgE específica (RAST) a alérgenos inalantes e alimentares (UniCAP - Pharmacia®). RESULTADOS: O Phadiatop® foi positivo em 305 crianças atópicas (67,6%) e em 25,8% das controles (p < 0,001). Entre as crianças atópicas, a distribuição de positividade variou de acordo com a faixa etária: 7,9% (24/305) entre as abaixo de 2 anos, 15,4% (47/305) nas de 2 a 3 anos, 22,0% (67/305) nas de 3 a 4 anos, 19,3% (59/305) nas de 4 a 5 anos e 35,4% (108/305) nas de 5 a 12 anos. Não houve concordância entre os al��rgenos alimentares e a presença de Phadiatop® positivo. O estudo da relação entre os RAST positivos para alérgenos inalados e o Phadiatop® positivo mostrou melhores índices com os ácaros domiciliares (D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae e Blomia tropicalis). CONCLUSÕES: O Phadiatop®é método útil no diagnóstico de alergia aos ácaros domiciliares.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the positivity of Phadiatop® in children from several Brazilian pediatric allergology centers and to compare its results with the presence of serum specific IgE to inhalant and food allergens. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Phadiatop® and serum specific IgE levels (RAST) to inhalant and food allergens (UniCAP - Pharmacia®) were measured in 457 children from several pediatric allergy centers and in a non-allergic control group (n = 62), distributed across five age groups. RESULTS: Phadiatop was positive in 305 atopic children (67.6%) and in 25.8% of controls (p < 0.001). Among atopic children the distribution of positive test varied according to age: 7.9% (24/305) among under 2 year-olds, 15.4% (47/305) in 2 to 3 year-olds, 22% (67/305) in 3 to 4 year-olds, 19.3% (59/305) in 4 to 5 year-olds and 35.4% (108/305) in 5 to 12 year-olds. No concordance between food allergens and Phadiatop® was observed. Analysis of the relationship between positive inhaled allergen RASTs and positive Phadiatop® showed best indices with house dust mites (D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae and Blomia tropicalis). CONCLUSIONS: Phadiatop® is a useful tool for diagnosing domestic mite allergy.