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6. Identification of the Campanian Ignimbrite in the Dead Sea and consequent time-transgressive hydroclimatic shifts in the Eastern Mediterranean

Author

Kearney, Rebecca J., primary, Schwab, Markus J., additional, Redant, Daniel, additional, Neugebauer, Ina, additional, Appelt, Oona, additional, Blanchet, Cecile, additional, Fietzke, Jan, additional, Günter, Christina, additional, Müller, Daniela J.M., additional, Tjallingii, Rik, additional, and Brauer, Achim, additional

Published
2023
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7. Boron geochemistry reveals the evolution of Dead Sea brines

Author

Jurikova, Hana, primary, Ring, Simon J., additional, Henehan, Michael J., additional, Neugebauer, Ina, additional, Schröder, Birgit, additional, Müller, Daniela, additional, Schwab, Markus J., additional, Tjallingii, Rik, additional, Brauer, Achim, additional, and Blanchet, Cécile, additional

Published
2023
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14. Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds have modulated the formation of laminations in sediments in Lago Fagnano (Tierra del Fuego, Argentina) over the past 6.3 ka.

Author

Vizcaino, Alexis, Jimenez‐Espejo, Francisco J., Dunbar, Robert B., Mucciarone, David, García‐Alix, Antonio, Neugebauer, Ina, and Ariztegui, Daniel

Subjects
WESTERLIES, SOUTHERN oscillation, SEDIMENTS, ANALYTICAL geochemistry, ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide, WINTER
Abstract

Tierra del Fuego in Argentina is a unique location to examine past Holocene wind variability since it intersects the core of the Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds (SHWW). The SHWW are the most powerful prevailing winds on Earth. Their variation plays a role in regulating atmospheric CO2 levels and rainfall amounts and distribution, both today and in the past. We obtained a piston core (LF06‐PC8) from Bahía Grande, a protected sub‐basin at the southern margin of Lago Fagnano, the largest lake in Tierra del Fuego. This article focuses on the uppermost 185 cm of this core, corresponding to laminated sediment from the last ~6.3 ka. Laminations consist of millimetre‐scale paired dark and light layers. Previous studies and new geochemical analysis show that the dark and light layers are characterized by differing concentrations of Mn and Fe. We attribute the distribution of Mn and Fe to episodic hypolimnic oxic–anoxic variations. The age model suggests an approximately bidecadal timescale for the formation of each layer pair. We propose a new model of these redox changes with the SHWW variations. The most likely phenomenon to produce complete water‐column mixing is thermobaric instability, which occurs in colder winters with low‐intensity SHWW (El Niño‐like conditions). In contrast, windier winters are characterized by higher temperatures and reduced mixing in the water column, facilitating a decline in oxygen concentration. Laminations, and the inferred presence of periodic hypolimnion redox changes, are common features of the past ~6.3 ka. Geochemical proxy variability is compatible with an intensification of El Niño/Southern Oscillation activity during the past ~2 ka. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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16. Book of Abstracts - vDEUQUA2021

Author

Abadi, Mehrdad, Abbasi, Hamidreza, Abd El-Raouf, Amr, Abdulkarim, Mubarak, Adolph, Marie-Luise, Aeschbach, Werner, Akçar, Naki, Amini, Hamideh, Andreev, Andrej, Anselmetti, Flavio S., Aumaître, Georges, Avendaño Villeda, Diana, Bartz, Melanie, Baumhauer, Roland, Bazarradnaa, Enkhtuya, Bebiolka, Anke, Behling, Hermann, Benkaddour, Abdelfattah, Binot, Franz, Birlo, Stella, Bittner, Lucas, Bliedtner, Marcel, Bolland, Alexander, Bork, Hans-Rudolf, Bouaziz, Moncef, Bourlès, Didier, Brauer, Achim, Breuer, Sonja, Bromm, Tobias, Buechi, Marius W., Burghardt, Diana, Busch, Robert, Caballero, Margarita, Carr, Andrew S., Chapkanski, Stoil, Christl, Marcus, Cosac, Marian, Dal Corso, Marta, Daniel, Thomas, Dar, Reyaz, Dave, Aditi Krishna, De Jonge, Cindy, Deplazes, Gaudenz, Dietze, Elisabeth, Dietze, Michael, Dietzel, Martin, Dreibrodt, Stefan, Drysdale, Russell, du Plessis, Nadia, Dubois, Nathalie, Duller, Geoff, Duttmann, Rainer, Duval, Mathieu, Döhlert-Albani, Norman, Egli, Markus, Einwögerer, Thomas, Elbracht, Jörg, Enters, Dirk, Enzel, Yehouda, Ertlen, Damien, Farkas, Beáta, Fattahi, Morteza, Faust, Dominik, Faybishenko, Boris, Feistmantl, Nina, Fernandez, Philippe, Ferrier, Catherine, Fiedler, Sabine, Fischer, Birgit, Fischer, Peter, Fitzsimmons, Kathryn, Fletcher, William, Frechen, Manfred, Fuchs, Margret C., Fuchs, Markus, Fuelling, Alexander, Fábián, Szabolcs, Fülling, Alexander, Garbe, Philipp, Gebhardt, Catalina, Gegg, Lukas, Geis, Anna-Lena, Geitner, Clemens, Ghanbarian, Behzad, Gianotti, Franco, Gil Romera, Graciela, Glaser, Bruno, Glückler, Ramesh, Gresina, Fruzsina, Grootes, Pieter Meiert, Guadelli, Aleta, Guadelli, Jean-Luc, Guérin, Guillaume, Haas, Jean Nicolas, Haberzettl, Torsten, Hambach, Ulrich, Hardt, Jacob, Hein, Michael, Heinrich, Hartmut, Heinrich, Susann, Herzschuh, Ulrike, Heydari, Maryam, Hildebrandt, Dominic, Hirschmann, Philip, Hofmann, Felix Martin, Hofmann, Robert, Hogrefe, Ines, Huang, Jyh-Jaan Steven, Hunt, Allen, Händel, Marc, Ivy-Ochs, Susan, Jary, Zdzisław, Jeanneret, Pilar, Jöris, Olaf, Kalicki, Tomasz, Kamleitner, Sarah, Karaschewski, Jasmin, Keddadouche, Karim, Kehl, Martin, Kern, Zoltán, Kertscher, Cathleen, Khatooni, Darvish, Khosravichenar, Azra, Kipfer, Rolf, Kirchner, André, Kirleis, Wiebke, Klaes, Björn, Knitter, Daniel, Kolb, Thomas, Konstantinovski Puntos, Cyryl, Kreienbrink, Frauke, Kreutzer, Sebastian, Kulongoski, Justin, Laag, Christian, Labahn, Jakob, Lachner, Johannes, Lak, Razyeh, Lamb, Henry F., Lampe, Reinhard, Lang, Jörg, Lange-Athinodorou, Eva, Lauer, Tobias, Leanni, Laetitia, Leblanc, Jean-Claude, Lee, An-Sheng, Lehmkuhl, Frank, Lempe, Bernhard, Lerch, Marcel, Liou, Sofia Ya Hsuan, Lisa, Lenka, Liu, Zuorui, Lomax, Johanna, Lorenz, Sebastian, Lozano García, Socorro, Madarász, Balázs, Madritsch, Herfried, Maier, Andreas, Mangelsdorf, Kai, Markovic, Slobodan, Martinez Abarca, Luis Rodrigo, Marx, Samuel, May, Jan-Hendrik, Mayr, Christoph, Meister, Julia, Merchel, Silke, Meszner, Sascha, Meyer, Juliane, Mikdad, Abdeslam, Milevski, Ivica, Mir, Jehangeer, Mischke, Steffen, Mohammadi, Ali, Monegato, Giovanni, Moreiras, Stella, Mueller, Daniela, Muratoreanu, George, Müller, Daniela, Müller, Johannes, Nadeau, Marie-Josée, Nett, Janina, Neugebauer, Ina, Ng, Jessica, Nill, Leon, Nir, Nadav, Ohlendorf, Christian, Opp, Christian, Orgeira, Maria, Ortega Guerrero, Beatriz, Pasda, Clemens, Pasda, Kerstin, Penkman, Kirsty, Peric, Zoran, Pichat, Sylvain, Piller, Werner, Polgar, Irene, Prendergast, Amy, Preusser, Frank, Prud'homme, Charlotte, Pötter, Stephan, Quick, Lynne J., Rambeau, Claire, Reichert, Markus, Reimann, Tony, Reiss, Lilian, Roettig, Christopher-Bastian, Rolf, Christian, Russell, James, Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger, Zsófia, Ryzner, Kamila, Sahakyan, Lilit, Salazar, Gary, Salomon, Ferréol, Sardar Abadi, Mehrdad, Sarı, Selma, Scardia, Giancarlo, Schiestl, Robert, Schimmelpfennig, Irene, Schirmer, Wolfgang, Schmidt, Christoph, Schmidt, Johannes, Schmitt, Laurent, Schneider, Birgit, Schulte, Philipp, Schulze, Tabea, Schunke, Torsten, Schwab, Markus J., Schwahn, Lea, Schwamborn, Georg, Schwark, Lorenz, Schäfer, Dieter, Schütt, Brigitta, Seltzer, Alan, Selzer, Johnnes, Severinghaus, Jeffrey, Shah, Rayees, Simon, Ulrich, Sirakov, Nikolay, Sirakova, Svoboda, Sontag-González, Mariana, Sprafke, Tobias, Stahlschmidt, Mareike, Stauber, Theresa, Steier, Peter, Steiner, Martin, Stojakowits, Philipp, Strobel, Paul, Stroessner, Kathrin, Struck, Julian, Stute, Martin, Stutzriemer, Marika, Stäuble, Harald, Szidat, Sönke, Taneva, Stanimira, Tanner, David, ASTER, Team, Temovski, Marjan, Tinapp, Christian, Tjallingii, Rik, Trappe, Julian, Tylmann, Wojciech, Ulfers, Arne, Ullmann, Tobias, Urban, Brigitte, van Meer, Mike, Varga, György, Veres, Daniel, Verstraeten, Gert, Videiko, Michail, Vinnepand, Mathias, Vockenhuber, Christof, Vogel, Hendrik, Voigt, Silke, von Suchodoletz, Hans, Vött, Andreas, Weiß, Marcel, Werther, Lukas, Wolf, Daniel, Wonik, Thomas, Wrozyna, Claudia, Wunderlich, Tina, Zech, Michael, Zech, Roland, Zeeden, Christian, Zielhofer, Christoph, Zolitschka, Bernd, Zöller, Ludwig, Żurek, Krzysztof, von Suchodoletz, Hans, Dietze, Elisabeth, Dietze, Michael, Meister, Julia, Wrozyna, Claudia, Zeeden, Christian, Kreutzer, Sebastian, and Hildebrandt, Dominic

Subjects
Quaternary, Conference abstracts, Geoscience
Abstract

Collection of conference abstracts presented at the vDEUQUA2021 (2021-09-30 to 2021-09-01), the virtual meeting of the German Quaternary Association (DEUQUA).

Published
2021
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17. The unexpectedly short Holocene Humid Period in Northern Arabia

Author

Neugebauer, Ina, primary, Dinies, Michèle, additional, Plessen, Birgit, additional, Dräger, Nadine, additional, Brauer, Achim, additional, Brückner, Helmut, additional, Frenzel, Peter, additional, Gleixner, Gerd, additional, Hoelzmann, Philipp, additional, Krahn, Kim J, additional, Pint, Anna, additional, Schwab, Valérie F, additional, Schwarz, Anja, additional, Tjallingii, Rik, additional, and Engel, Max, additional

Published
2021
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20. VARDA (VARved sediments DAtabase) – providing and connecting proxy data from annually laminated lake sediments

Author

Ramisch, Arne, primary, Brauser, Alexander, additional, Dorn, Mario, additional, Blanchet, Cecile, additional, Brademann, Brian, additional, Köppl, Matthias, additional, Mingram, Jens, additional, Neugebauer, Ina, additional, Nowaczyk, Norbert, additional, Ott, Florian, additional, Pinkerneil, Sylvia, additional, Plessen, Birgit, additional, Schwab, Markus J., additional, Tjallingii, Rik, additional, and Brauer, Achim, additional

Published
2020
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23. Constructing paleoclimate networks from annually laminated lake sediments – the VARDA database

Author

Ramisch, Arne, primary, Brauser, Alexander, additional, Dorn, Mario, additional, Blanchet, Cecile, additional, Brademann, Brian, additional, Köppl, Matthias, additional, Mingram, Jens, additional, Neugebauer, Ina, additional, Nowaczyk, Norbert, additional, Ott, Florian, additional, Pinkerneil, Sylvia, additional, Plessen, Birgit, additional, Schwab, Markus J., additional, Tjallingii, Rik, additional, and Brauer, Achim, additional

Published
2020
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28. Hydroclimatic variability in the Levant during the early last glacial (similar to 117-75 ka) derived from micro-facies analyses of deep Dead Sea sediments

Author

Neugebauer, Ina, Schwab, M. J., Waldmann, Nicolas D., Tjallingii, R., Frank, U., Hadzhiivanova, E., Naumann, R., Taha, N., Agnon, A., Enzel, Y., and Brauer, Achim

Subjects
ddc:550, Institut für Geowissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät
Abstract

The new sediment record from the deep Dead Sea basin (ICDP core 5017-1) provides a unique archive for hydroclimatic variability in the Levant. Here, we present high-resolution sediment facies analysis and elemental composition by micro-X-ray fluorescence (mu XRF) scanning of core 5017-1 to trace lake levels and responses of the regional hydroclimatology during the time interval from ca. 117 to 75 ka, i. e. the transition between the last interglacial and the onset of the last glaciation. We distinguished six major micro-facies types and interpreted these and their alterations in the core in terms of relative lake level changes. The two end-member facies for highest and lowest lake levels are (a) up to several metres thick, greenish sediments of alternating aragonite and detrital marl laminae (aad) and (b) thick halite facies, respectively. Intermediate lake levels are characterised by detrital marls with varying amounts of aragonite, gypsum or halite, reflecting lower-amplitude, shorter-term variability. Two intervals of pronounced lake level drops occurred at similar to 110-108 +/- 5 and similar to 93-87 +/- 7 ka. They likely coincide with stadial conditions in the central Mediterranean (Melisey I and II pollen zones in Monticchio) and low global sea levels during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5d and 5b. However, our data do not support the current hypothesis of an almost complete desiccation of the Dead Sea during the earlier of these lake level low stands based on a recovered gravel layer. Based on new petrographic analyses, we propose that, although it was a low stand, this well-sorted gravel layer may be a vestige of a thick turbidite that has been washed out during drilling rather than an in situ beach deposit. Two intervals of higher lake stands at similar to 108-93 +/- 6 and similar to 87-75 +/- 7 ka correspond to interstadial conditions in the central Mediterranean, i. e. pollen zones St. Germain I and II in Monticchio, and Greenland interstadials (GI) 24+23 and 21 in Greenland, as well as to sapropels S4 and S3 in the Mediterranean Sea. These apparent correlations suggest a close link of the climate in the Levant to North Atlantic and Mediterranean climates during the time of the build-up of Northern Hemisphere ice shields in the early last glacial period., Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 549

Published
2019
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29. Varves of the Dead Sea sedimentary record

Author

Ben Dor, Yoav, primary, Neugebauer, Ina, additional, Enzel, Yehouda, additional, Schwab, Markus J., additional, Tjallingii, Rik, additional, Erel, Yigal, additional, and Brauer, Achim, additional

Published
2019
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34. A compilation of Western European terrestrial records 60–8 ka BP: towards an understanding of latitudinal climatic gradients

Author

Moreno, Ana, Svensson, Anders, Brooks, Stephen J., Connor, Simon, Engels, Stefan, Fletcher, William, Genty, Dominique, Heiri, Oliver, Labuhn, Inga, Perşoiu, Aurel, Peyron, Odile, Sadori, Laura, Valero Garcés, Blas, Wulf, Sabine, Zanchetta, Giovanni, Allen, Judy R. M., Ampel, Linda, Blamart, Dominique, Birks, Hillary, Blockley, Simon, Borsato, Andrea, Bos, Hanneke, Brauer, Achim, Combourieu Nebout, Nathalie, de Beaulieu, Jacques Louis, Drescher Schneider, Ruth, Drysdale, Russell, Elias, Scott, Frisia, Silvia, Hellstrom, John, Ilyashuk, Boris, Joannin, Sebastien, Kühl, Norbert, Larocque Tobler, Isabelle, Lotter, Andy, Magny, Michel, Matthews, Ian, Mcdermott, Frank, Millet, Laurent, Morellón, Mario, Neugebauer, Ina, Muñoz Sobrino, Castor, Naughton, Filipa, Ohlwein, Christian, Roucoux, Katherine, Samartin, Stephanie, Sánchez Goñi, María Fernanda, Sirocko, Frank, van Asch, Nelleke, van Geel, Bas, van Grafenstein, Ulrich, Vannière, Boris, Vegas, Juana, Veres, Daniel, Walker, Mike, Wohlfarth, Barbara, Niels Bohr Institute [Copenhagen] (NBI), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Monash University [Clayton], Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Manchester [Manchester], Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, University Stefan cel Mare of Suceava (USU), Centre de Bio-Archéologie et d'Ecologie (CBAE), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], and Paleoecology and Landscape Ecology (IBED, FNWI)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Evolution, Last deglaciation, Western Europe, 01 natural sciences, Natural (archaeology), Databases, Behavior and Systematics, Ice core, Younger Dryas, Precipitation, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Archeology (arts and humanities), INTIMATE, databases, last deglaciation, intimate, western europe, terrestrial records, Geology, 15. Life on land, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Western europe, Period (geology), High temporal resolution, Terrestrial records
Abstract

92 páginas.- Moreno Caballud, Ana...[et.al.], Terrestrial records of past climatic conditions, such as lake sediments and speleothems, provide data of great importance for understanding environmental changes. However, unlike marine and ice core records, terrestrial palaeodata are often not available in databases or in a format that is easily accessible to the non-specialist. As a consequence, many excellent terrestrial records are unknown to the broader palaeoclimate community and are not included in compilations, comparisons, or modelling exercises. Here we present a compilation of Western European terrestrial palaeo-records covering, entirely or partially, the 60–8-ka INTIMATE time period. The compilation contains 56 natural archives, including lake records, speleothems, ice cores, and terrestrial proxies in marine records. The compilation is limited to include records of high temporal resolution and/or records that provide climate proxies or quantitative reconstructions of environmental parameters, such as temperature or precipitation, and that are of relevance and interest to a broader community. We briefly review the different types of terrestrial archives, their respective proxies, their interpretation and their application for palaeoclimatic reconstructions. We also discuss the importance of independent chronologies and the issue of record synchronization. The aim of this exercise is to provide the wider palaeo-community with a consistent compilation of high-quality terrestrial records, to facilitate model-data comparisons, and to identify key areas of interest for future investigations. We use the compilation to investigate Western European latitudinal climate gradients during the deglacial period and, despite of poorly constrained chronologies for the older records, we summarize the main results obtained from NW and SW European terrestrial records before the LGM., This work and the workshop leading to this publication have been supported by the Cost Action ES0907 “Integrating ice core, marine and terrestrial records 60,000 to 8000 years ago (INTIMATE)”. AM acknowledges the funding from the “Ramón y Cajal” postdoctoral program. We are indebted to Miguel Sevilla (IPE-CSIC) for designing

Published
2014

36. Evidences for centennial dry periods at ~3300 and ~2800 cal. yr BP from micro-facies analyses of the Dead Sea sediments.

Author

Neugebauer, Ina, Brauer, Achim, Schwab, Markus J., Dulski, Peter, Frank, Ute, Hadzhiivanova, Elitsa, Kitagawa, Hiroyuki, Litt, Thomas, Schiebel, Vera, Taha, Nimer, and Waldmann, Nicolas D.

Subjects
*PALEOCLIMATOLOGY, *SEDIMENTS, *CLIMATE change, *SAND, *MARINE ecology
Abstract

Laminated lake sediments from the Dead Sea basin provide high-resolution records of climatic variability in the eastern Mediterranean region, which is especially sensitive to changing climatic conditions. In this study, we aim on detailed reconstruction of climatic fluctuations and related changes in the frequency of flood and dust deposition events at ca. 3300 and especially at 2800 cal. yr BP from high-resolution sediment records of the Dead Sea basin. A ca. 4-m-thick, mostly varved sediment section from the western margin of the Dead Sea (DSEn – Ein Gedi profile) was analysed and correlated to the new International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) Dead Sea Deep Drilling Project core 5017-1 from the deep basin. To detect even single event layers, we applied a multi-proxy approach of high-resolution microscopic thin section analyses, micro-X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) element scanning and magnetic susceptibility measurements, supported by grain size data and palynological analyses. Based on radiocarbon and varve dating, two pronounced dry periods were detected at ~3500–3300 and ~3000–2400 cal. yr BP which are differently expressed in the sediment records. In the shallow-water core (DSEn), the older dry period is characterised by a thick sand deposit, whereas the sedimentological change at 2800 cal. yr BP is less pronounced and characterised mainly by an enhanced frequency of coarse detrital layers interpreted as erosion events. In the 5017-1 deep-basin core, both dry periods are depicted by halite deposits. The onset of the younger dry period coincides with the Homeric Grand Solar Minimum at ca. 2800 cal. yr BP. Our results suggest that during this period, the Dead Sea region experienced an overall dry climate, superimposed by an increased occurrence of flash floods caused by a change in synoptic weather patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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41. Cryptotephras in the Lateglacial ICDP Dead Sea sediment record and their implications for chronology

Author

Christine Lane, Achim Brauer, Oona Appelt, Daniela Müller, Simon Blockley, Ina Neugebauer, Markus J. Schwab, Sabine Wulf, Neugebauer, I [0000-0002-8612-6573], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and Neugebauer, Ina [0000-0002-8612-6573]

Subjects
Archeology, Dead sea, Sediment, Geology, 37 Earth Sciences, 3705 Geology, Original Articles, 3709 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, 3703 Geochemistry, Oceanography, Original Article, 3706 Geophysics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Chronology
Abstract

Funder: Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst, Due to a lack of visible tephras in the Dead Sea record, this unique palaeoenvironmental archive is largely unconnected to the well‐established Mediterranean tephrostratigraphy. Here we present first results of the ongoing search for cryptotephras in the International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP) sediment core from the deep Dead Sea basin. This study focusses on the Lateglacial (~15–11.4 cal. ka BP), when Lake Lisan – the precursor of the Dead Sea – shrank from its glacial highstand to the Holocene low levels. We developed a glass shard separation protocol and counting procedure that is adapted to the extreme salinity and sediment recycling of the Dead Sea. Cryptotephra is abundant in the Dead Sea record (up to ~100 shards cm-3), but often glasses are physically and/or chemically altered. Six glass samples from five tephra horizons reveal a heterogeneous geochemical composition, with mainly rhyolitic and some trachytic glasses potentially sourced from Italian, Aegean and Anatolian volcanoes. Most shards likely originate from the eastern Anatolian volcanic province and can be correlated using major element analyses with tephra deposits from swarm eruptions of the Süphan Volcano ~13 ka BP and with ashes from Nemrut Volcano, presumably the Lake Van V‐16 volcanic layer at ~13.8 ka BP. In addition to glasses that match the TM‐10‐1 from Lago Grande di Monticchio (15 820±790 cal. a BP) tentatively correlated with the St. Angelo Tuff of Ischia, we further identified a cryptotephra with glass analyses which are chemically identical with those of the PhT1 tephra in the Philippon peat record (13.9–10.5 ka BP), and also a compositional match for the glass analyses of the Santorini Cape Riva Tephra (Y‐2 marine tephra, 22 024±642 cal. a BP). These first results demonstrate the great potential of cryptotephrochronology in the Dead Sea record for improving its chronology and connecting the Levantine region to the Mediterranean tephra framework.

Published
2021

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