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2. Rating Reliability and Bias in News Articles: Does AI Assistance Help Everyone?

Author

Horne, Benjamin D., Nevo, Dorit, O'Donovan, John, Cho, Jin-Hee, and Adali, Sibel

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

With the spread of false and misleading information in current news, many algorithmic tools have been introduced with the aim of assessing bias and reliability in written content. However, there has been little work exploring how effective these tools are at changing human perceptions of content. To this end, we conduct a study with 654 participants to understand if algorithmic assistance improves the accuracy of reliability and bias perceptions, and whether there is a difference in the effectiveness of the AI assistance for different types of news consumers. We find that AI assistance with feature-based explanations improves the accuracy of news perceptions. However, some consumers are helped more than others. Specifically, we find that participants who read and share news often on social media are worse at recognizing bias and reliability issues in news articles than those who do not, while frequent news readers and those familiar with politics perform much better. We discuss these differences and their implication to offer insights for future research., Comment: Published at ICWSM 2019

Published
2019

7. How Topic Novelty Impacts the Effectiveness of News Veracity Interventions: Can algorithmic advice override preconceived notions and the believability of fake news?

Author

NEVO, DORIT and HORNE, BENJAMIN D.

Subjects
*FAKE news, *ALGORITHMS, *ACCURACY in journalism, *ARTIFICIAL intelligence, *TRUTHFULNESS & falsehood
Abstract

The article discusses the concept of topic novelty and its impact upon accuracy in the news and journalism, and whether artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms can counter fake news. The article discusses AI, accuracy, and fake news during the COVID-19 pandemic and an experiment performed on Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT).

Published
2022
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13. Harnessing Information Technology to Improve the Process of Students' Evaluations of Teaching: An Exploration of Students' Critical Success Factors of Online Evaluations

Author

Nevo, Dorit, McClean, Ron, and Nevo, Saggi

Abstract

This paper discusses the relative advantage offered by online Students' Evaluations of Teaching (SET) and describes a study conducted at a Canadian university to identify critical success factors of online evaluations from students' point of view. Factors identified as important by the students include anonymity, ease of use (of both SET survey and system), accessibility, publication of results, subsequent adjustments to the course, SET survey redesign, system reliability, incentives, reminders, and conveying the importance of the SET survey to students. We discuss key implications of the factors identified to faculty and survey administrators. (Contains 3 tables and 2 figures.)

Published
2010

21. The Reasoning behind Fake News Assessments: A Linguistic Analysis.

Author

Manikonda, Lydia, Nevo, Dorit, Horne, Benjamin D., Arrington, Clare, and Adali, Sibel

Subjects
LINGUISTIC analysis, FAKE news, NEWS consumption, NATURAL language processing
Abstract

This paper investigates how individuals reason about the authenticity of the news content they consume. While researchers have conducted much work on fake news detection and prevention, we know relatively less about how news readers reason about the content that they read. Using data collected through Amazon Mechanical Turk, we analyzed over 1,000 justifications that news readers provided about why they believe (or fail to believe) given news articles. We included both fake and credible articles in our analyses and examined the novelty of the news topic as a possible contingency factor that differentiated the reasoning provided. Based on our psycholinguistic analyses, we found that news readers employ both cognitive and motivated reasoning and that agreement with the ground truth impacts the reasoning more than a news topic's novelty. Our insights contribute to the literature on news consumption and reasoning in the context of evaluating fake news. Furthermore, this knowledge contribution has implications in areas such as news veracity intervention and tool design. Lastly, we offer a methodological contribution via using linguistic analysis in a novel way to assess the quality of open-ended survey questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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29. How to avoid disappointment by design

Author

Nevo, Dorit and Wade, Michael R.

Subjects
Company business management, Information systems -- Usage, Information technology workers -- Management, Business -- Data bases, Business -- Usage
Published
2007

32. NURTURING THE CREATIVITY POTENTIAL OF ORGANISATIONAL IT.

Author

Nevo, Saggi, Nevo, Dorit, and Pinsonneault, Alain

Subjects
BUSINESS informatics, INFORMATION technology, CREATIVE thinking, ORGANIZATIONAL learning, ACQUISITION of data
Abstract

This paper put forth a model studying the creativity-enabling potential in organisational IT. Building on the Componential Theory of Creativity we study how individual level drivers can lead organisation member to generate creative ideas when working with newly implemented IT. We explore two specific drivers, namely IT fluency and IT mastery motivation, and further study organisational and social antecedents of these drivers. These antecedents are IT training, peer-based IT support, organisational learning culture, and IT advocacy. We provide empirical support for our model based on data collected through a cross-sectional survey of working professionals. Our paper offers contribution to research by demonstrating the creativity potential embedded in any organisational IT, and to practitioners by providing insights on tools that can be used to realize this creativity potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

33. Making Sense of Data Through Statistics : An Introduction

Author

Nevo, Dorit and Nevo, Dorit

Subjects
Information science, Statistics--Textbooks, Statistics--Data processing
Abstract

This introductory statistics textbook exposes students to statistical techniques in a user-friendly approach emphasizing the sense-making nature of statistics. The target audience includes undergraduate or graduate students taking a first course in statistics. The text's examples and exercises emphasize problems and questions related to today's social and business contexts. The textbook is accompanied with data sets (provided as Excel worksheets) providing students with a hands-on experience in using Excel to reinforce the statistical concepts and techniques covered. Topics are covered using very accessible language and a conversational style. Numerous examples and problems, constructed around issues taken from students'everyday life experiences, are woven into the text to enhance and simplify the learning process. Key words, unit summaries, unit exercises and end-of-chapter exercises are included within each chapter; and, appendices are provided describing all the equations and Excel functions introduced in the text. Chapter titles include: •Introduction to Data and Statistics •Data Presentation •Measures of Centrality and Variation •Probability •Discrete Probability Distributions •Continuous Probability Distributions •Introducing Hypothesis Testing •Additional Concepts in Hypothesis Testing •Hypothesis Testing for a Population Proportion and Variance •Hypothesis Testing of Parameters from Two Populations •Chi-Square Tests •Analysis of Variance •Regression Analysis

Published
2014

36. How Social Media Can Enhance Access to Information through Transactive Memory Development.

Author

Ali-Hassan, Hossam and Nevo, Dorit

Subjects
SOCIAL media, INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems, INFORMATION technology, FUTURES studies, PERSONNEL management information storage & retrieval systems
Abstract

A key challenge for managing talent in organizations is locating and coordinating expertise. In this study, we propose that employees who use social media can help an organization locate knowledge workers who are vital to organizational growth and competitiveness. We draws on transactive memory (TM) theory to examine the relationship between social media use and knowledge workers' access to information as mediated by the formation of an organization-wide transactive memory. We conducted the research using a mixed-methods approach that combined insights from a qualitative investigation with a confirmatory large-scale survey in a multinational information technology firm. We empirically show that social media use had a positive but indirect relationship with knowledge workers' access to information via the mediation of the three dimensions of TM. We discuss our findings' implications for theory and practice, including human resource management, and directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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37. Developing effective knowledge management systems

Author

Nevo, Dorit

Abstract

Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) are computerized systems intended to support the management and application of organizational knowledge. Despite the many potential benefits from KMS> industry reports show that companies are having difficulties in realizing these benefits. This dissertation sets out to identify the reasons for those difficulties - from a requirements analysis point of view - and to propose a way to improve the design of KMS in order to enhance their benefits to companies. We develop a theory-based approach to the evaluation of Knowledge Management Systems and identify the main shortfalls of existing systems. The findings show two inter-related problems. First, the lack of a conceptual model such as an organizational ontology or of additional knowledge about the knowledge might inhibit KMS ability to support specific organizational KM processes. Second - the lack of an integrated KM product reduces organization's ability to attain an overall solution for the management of organizational knowledge. In addition, the analysis pinpoints the inability of current technology to support effective management of tacit knowledge - an important aspect of KMS design. In the second part of the dissertation we focus on one of the problems identified - namely, the lack of a unified meta-knowledge set - and identify the specific meta-knowledge that should be incorporated into the design of KMS. The expected benefits from the inclusion of meta-knowledge are better management of organizational memory and enhanced adoption of knowledge by KMS users. We conduct an empirical investigation - using conjoint analysis - to identify specific attributes of knowledge and of knowledge sources that individuals take into account when making their knowledge use decision, and propose that these attributes should be included as meta-knowledge in the KMS design. The results indicate that the 'accuracy' and 'relevance' of the knowledge are the top two important attributes in the knowledge selection decision and 'extent of knowledge' and 'trustworthiness' are the top two important attributes in the selection of a knowledge source. In addition the results show that knowledge plays a slightly more important role than knowledge source in the overall decision. Finally, several demographic and contextual variables - such as the knowledge search task and organization size - are shown to affect the importance of different attributes in the overall evaluation of knowledge and of knowledge source by individuals.

Published
2003
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