Search

Abstract: Notwithstanding recent interest in the politics of housing, squatting in the formative contexts of post‐Restoration rural England remains little understood and studied. Drawing upon a diverse archive of central government papers and those of the local officers of the New Forest – the largest Crown forest in England and Wales – this article argues that the resort to squatting was a function of the uneven contours of forest governance. Moreover, while squatting led to the formation of new communities, it was neither exclusively a plebeian act nor, against official discourses, necessarily an abuse of the assets of the forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT A combined pollen, charcoal and climatic record is presented from Cranes Moor, southern England, covering the period c. 10 500-5850 cal a BP. It is shown that the occurrence of burning is closely related to natural processes, including prevailing climatic conditions and vegetation composition. These burning events are often linked to an increase in the summer moisture deficit, implying that the timing of burning events is linked to periods of warmer/drier climate during the Holocene Thermal Maximum ( c. 11 000-5000 cal a BP). These events play an important role in the vegetation composition and succession around the site. The nature of the burning recorded at the site shows strong similarities with other records from northern Europe. This study throws caution on suggestions that fire in the Holocene record from areas such as the British Isles is linked only to human activity, and enhances the possibility that natural fire incidence played an important role in natural woodland structure dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a long-term study on the breeding of the honey-buzzard bird or Pernis apivorus in the New Forest area in England. The study has been ongoing since 1954 and is carried out by amateur birdwatchers. Findings suggest that the honey-buzzards prefer nest-sites in predominantly broadleaf woodland. It adds that of the 214 recorded breeding attempts, 194 or 91% have been a success.

This section presents a travel guide to the New Forest hunting preserve near Southampton, England. The area was created by William the Conqueror and was once a hunting ground for Henry VIII. Among the notable hotels and restaurants in the area are the Chewton Glen Hotel & Spa, Balmer Lawn Hotel and Simply. Notable tourist attractions include the Beaulieu Abbey & Palace House and the National Motor Museum.

The article offers travel information on the New Forest in Hampshire, England. The large tract of land was created by William the Conqueror as his private hunting preserve. Among its attractions are the Beaulieu Abbey-Palace House, the National Motor Museum and the Maritime Museum. Information on hotels and restaurants are also provided.

The article focuses on a study which examined Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in a multi-species deer community in the New Forest, England. Blood was collected from deer following humane cull by the Keepers of the New Forest on five occasions from December 2007 to February 2008. Circulating A. phagocytophilum DNA was found in 23 deer samples. Infection prevalence was 29%. The study indicates that anaplasmosis is common in deer in the New Forest and that all the species sampled were infected naturally.

Information on the New Forest in England is presented. Encompassing 37,231 hectares, the New Forest is a large tract created by William the Conqueror, who laid out the limits of this then-private hunting preserve. Here, one can visit the old shipyards and the museum at Buckler's Hard, with its fine models of men-of-war, pictures of the old yard, and dioramas showing the building of these ships, their construction, and their launching. Information on hotels and restaurants around the area is presented.

Abstract  The New Forest is one of the most visited regions of Britain. It has recently been designated a National Park in recognition of its unique wood pasture ecosystems, a traditional land-use system, its magnificent scenery and recreational potential, and its biodiversity importance. The Forest’s highly prized Ancient and Ornamental (A&O) woodlands are a result of complex interactions among human activities of several kinds and the ecology of the dominant species–beech and oak—under the climate conditions of the last one to two millennia. Major changes in management practices over the 20th century, combined with the historical imprint of previous centuries of use, have set the A&O woodlands on a trajectory that means their nature and appearance will inevitably change over the coming decades. When the potential stresses that will be imposed by 21st century climate change are also considered, it will be challenging to find a management strategy to maintain A&O woodlands in their present form. Beech, which owes its current dominance largely to human disturbances of the woodland ecosystem, will be particularly stressed under future conditions. Future conservation policies, and hence management strategies, must be flexible as to the species composition and structure of future woodlands. However, the wide range of users and their different values add further complexity to forest management, and managers must also focus on issues of public perception. For example visitors idealize current landscapes, and this exerts a pressure to maintain the status quo as far as appearance is concerned that will be hard to achieve in practice. Management strategies will be greatly constrained unless conflicts about values and uses are resolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on New Forest, England. Encompassing 37,231 hectares, the New Forest is a large tract created by William the Conqueror, who laid out the limits of this then-private hunting preserve. Today people can visit the old shipyards and the museum at Buckler's Hard, with its fine models of men-of-war, pictures of the old yard, and dioramas showing the building of these ships, their construction, and their launching.

Water, like much else in the landscape of the New Forest, England, is highly contested. Recent major environmental works have changed the flow of water by adjusting river beds, slowing flows and holding up water in parts of the Forest. These changes are elaborated as reversing past interventions, restoring rivers and increasing environmental values. Under the rubric of conservation, some of the greatest physical changes in 150 years are taking place in the Forest. This paper traces how, since the early nineteenth century, ideas about water have shaped management interventions and dramatically changed the flow of water over the Forest landscape. The works have also given new impetus to arguments about the meaning and value of water, rights of access and the control of water resources in both economic terms and in terms of social status and identity. How value is assigned by small-holders and visitors to waterscapes is compared to that of the agencies managing the environment. A key cause for conflict is shown to lie in the different ways of measuring and constructing value, and in two forms of environmental expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This chapter presents information on the New Forest in England. A motorway cuts through the area, and the once-thick forest has groves of oak trees separated by wide tracts of common land that's grazed by ponies and cows, hummocked with heather and gorse, and frequented by rabbits. By train a traveler should go to Southampton. The Chewton Glen Hotel is one of the most recommended places to stay in the area. Another is the New Park Manor Hotel which able to preserve features as beams and, in some rooms, open log fires.

Questions: 1. What are the spatial patterns of all trees, individual tree species, trees within particular height classes, all gaps and gaps with specific properties across the study site in broad-leaved deciduous forest at a range of scales? 2. Are patterns of the above features spatially associated? 3. Are these patterns indicative of gap creation mechanisms and phases of regeneration? Location: Frame Wood, New Forest, UK. Methods: Ripley's K-function analysis was applied to spatial information derived from airborne remotely sensed imagery to characterize the patterns of trees and gaps and to test for spatial interactions between these patterns. The patterns of trees and gaps with specific physical and spatial properties were analysed. Results: The pattern of all tree species combined was random for most scales; Quercus robur followed the same random pattern, while Fagus sylvatica and Betula pendula were clustered over most spatial scales. Large gaps (> 250 m²) and larger trees (> 17.5 m) were randomly distributed, while smaller gaps and smaller trees were clustered. Significant spatial relationships were demonstrated between the patterns of different tree species and between trees within different size classes, as well as between the patterns of trees and gaps with specific properties. Conclusions: Small gap patterns and field evidence indicated that progressive gap enlargement is the most likely creation mechanism for large gaps (>250 m²). Clustered patterns of younger individuals were indicative of patches of past regeneration. As a complement to field-based data, data derived from remotely sensed imagery provides spatially comprehensive information with which to further investigate woodland stand/community processes and gap dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Describes the pattern of use of different vegetation-types within the New Forest by populations of free-ranging cattle and ponies. Little seasonal variation as shown by the pattern of habitat use by cattle; Differences in the use of habitat; Changes in the priority of the animals' requirements for food and shelter during the year.

Much of the work on common-pool resources has tended to focus on 'single-use' commons, where the resource system is used for extraction of a single 'use' unit. However, as traditional commons evolve, research that explains the persistence of common-pool resources with multiple ownership, use and management structures will become increasingly relevant. This paper extends the analytical framework put forward by Oakerson (1986, 1992), for application to multiple-use common-pools, where multiple types of use are made of the resource system. Four components are introduced: (1) multiple-use analysis of physical and technical attributes; (2) multilevel analysis of decision-making arrangements; (3) social characteristics of the broad user community; and (4) analysis of contextual factors. The multiple-use framework facilitates the understanding of multiple-use commons in a chosen time period and institutional change over time. The example of the New Forest commons in England is used to explain the operation of the framework in a field setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the regeneration of woodlands in the New Forest, England. Ecological history of woodlands; Details on the population of species in the New Forest; Factors responsible for the regeneration of woodlands.

The article presents information on a study which explored the dry matter production by Ilex aquifolium in the New Forest, England. It describes the distribution of trunk diameters of all holly plants within each sample plot and the standing crop of five holly stands. It reveals the properties of five trees of nearly equal diameter from an understorey site. It discusses the relation between trunk diameter and weight of twenty holly trees and the change of average leaf age with age of seedling. It discusses the transmission of light through woodland canopies as a percentage of full daylight.

The article focuses on the study on the biological flora of the British Isles, specifically the ilex aquifolium L. Ilex aquifolium L were normally dioecious, with no subspecies, and are native, and widespread in Great Britain. Physical attributions include green twigs, with grey bark, alternate leaves, and could grow up to 23 meters in height. Previous studies suggested that ilex aquiform L, or English holly, were not seen in areas where temperature falls below negative 0.5 degree celsius. Holly flowers, particularly from mature hollies, are abundant in most seasons, but the quantity of the fruits may vary from year to year.

The article presents information on a study which examined the mortality of holly (Ilex aquifolium) seedlings in relation to natural regeneration of the New Forest in England. It the discusses the methodology of determining the description of holly seedlings and characteristics of regenerating populations. It also explores the relationship between age structure, annual turnover and state of regeneration of holly seedling populations on a belt transect in Fernycroft. It describes the factors in the death of seedling, which include the occurrence of nibbled stumps and dried, but intact, dead seedlings in the permanent quadrants. It enumerates the conditions leading to regeneration.

The article investigates the acidity and specific conductivity of bog and fen waters in the New Forest in England. It is evident that knowledge on the chemical structure of plants can make identification of their communities easy. It is observed that valley bogs commonly occur in the readily leached and eroded sandy valleys but they often derive a part of their drainage water from the more resistant clays of the wooded plateaux. Results of the study prove that every species and each site requires separate consideration.

The article discusses the progress of regeneration of Douglas fir, Pseudotsuga taxifola Britton in the New Forest. Seed production in the New Forest have irregular periodicity with an interval of three to five years. Presence of a carpet of confirous litter and bare mineral soil oil are important in the regeneration of Douglas fir. The author mentions that substratum such as forest duff is significant in the germination and survival of Douglas fir. The author concludes that Douglas fir plays a vital role in British vegetation because of its shade-tolerance in youth.

The article presents a study on the breeding of Firecrests in the New Forest, Hampshire where it was first recorded in 1962. It states that New Forest has become a stronghold for the species in Great Britain and numbers continue to rise significantly. It elaborates on the discovery of 270 Firecrest territories, a third or more of which is accounted for by New Forest.

The article presents data on smooth snake copulation in late summer 2009 in the New Forest, southern England. The species were found under an artificial refuge of corrugated cellulose-bitumen on September 9, 2009. Visible portions of the species were aligned in lateral contact with each other with the head of the larger one behind the head of the smaller one. The contrasting markings in the female indicated that she had recently sloughed but there was no neck bite by the male on the female and no scarring was found.

The article reports on the exceptional numbers of Redwings roosting Turdus iliacus that were noted in various parts of the New Forest, Hampshire in early November 2009. A total of 7,428 including at least 2,000 spotted by Martin Bennet, were produced by the New Forest Winter Bird Survey at 35 sites from November 7-8. Numbers seemed to peak around 22nd and 23rd of November with the roost estimated at 60,000 birds. A roost of 60,000 is considered as nationally important.