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Objective: Language brokering (LB) is an act of interpreting and translating that immigrants often engage in to help their family members who may not be fluent in the English language. The study examined whether adhering to Asian American values (ie, values enculturation) could moderate the association between LB and internalizing symptoms (eg, depression, anxiety) among Asian American college students. Participants & Methods: An online survey was administered to a sample of 159 Asian American college students who had engaged in LB. Results: Results from the moderation analysis indicated that Asian American values enculturation significantly buffered against the adverse effects of high LB frequency on internalizing symptoms after controlling for gender and generation status. Conclusions: The current study offered insights into the toll that LB could take on Asian American college students' mental health as well as the potential protective roles of values enculturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objective Methods and measures Results Conclusion Work-family conflict has been shown to adversely affect individuals’ health and function, particularly among individuals with chronic pain. The current study’s longitudinal serial mediation model examined whether work-to-family conflict predicted greater pain interference through higher levels of family strain and loneliness among midlife adults with chronic pain.The study consisted of 303 participants from two waves of the national longitudinal study of Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) at wave II from 2004 to 2006 (M age = 57, SD = 11) and wave 3 from 2013 to 2014 (M age = 66, SD = 11). Participants were employed at time 1 and had chronic pain at both time points, and 54.5% of participants identified as female.Family strain at time 1 (T1) and loneliness at time 2 (T2), respectively, significantly mediated the association of work-to-family conflict (T1) on pain interference at T2. Participants with greater work-to-family conflict perceived more family strain, felt lonelier, and, in turn, reported experiencing higher interference from chronic pain.Results suggest that unmanaged work-to-family conflict could be a risk factor that exacerbates chronic pain symptoms through worsening family relationships and loneliness among midlife adults with chronic pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study examined the roles of generativity (i.e., the need to care for and contribute to future generations) and perceived family support in prescription pain medication use among midlife and older adults with chronic pain.Methods: The sample consisted of 826 participants with chronic pain from the Midlife in the United States data set (Midlife in the United States III, 2013-2014).Results: The results of a moderated mediation analysis indicated that generativity significantly mitigated the negative association between pain interference and perceived family support, and those with high generativity reported consuming more prescription pain medications at all levels of pain interference.Discussion: The findings indicated the protective roles of generativity in attenuating the detrimental effects of chronic pain on family support and suggested the potential roles of perceived family support and generativity in medication adherence among midlife and older adults with chronic pain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Contributing to the welfare of others has been shown to have positive effects on people's social and psychological well-being (PWB). The current study examined whether social contribution (SC) could alleviate the negative effects of chronic pain on PWB through perceived social support (PSS) among midlife and older adults. Methods: The study consisted of 520 participants with chronic pain from the two waves of the Midlife in the United States dataset (MIDUS II and III). Results: Results from the longitudinal moderated mediation analysis indicated that SC at Time 2 (T2) significantly buffered the negative effect of pain interference (PI) at Time 1 (T1) on PSS at T2, which indirectly alleviated the negative effect of PI at T1 on PWB at T2. Discussion: The study suggested the protective role of SC and prosocial behaviors in mitigating the detrimental effects of chronic pain on social support and PWB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brown algae annually convert gigatons of carbon dioxide into carbohydrates, including the complex extracellular matrix polysaccharide fucoidan. Due to its persistence in the environment, fucoidan is potentially a pathway for marine carbon sequestration. Rates of fucoidan secretion by brown algae remain unknown due to the challenge of identifying and quantifying complex polysaccharides in seawater. We adapted the techniques of anion exchange chromatography, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and biocatalytic enzyme-based assay for detection and quantification of fucoidan. We found the brown alga Fucus vesiculosus at the Baltic Sea coast of south-west Finland to secrete 0.3% of their biomass as fucoidan per day. Dissolved fucoidan concentrations in seawater adjacent to algae reached up to 0.48 mg L-1. Fucoidan accumulated during incubations of F. vesiculosus, significantly more in light than in darkness. Maximum estimation by acid hydrolysis indicated fucoidan secretion at a rate of 28 to 40 mg C kg-1 h-1, accounting for 44 to 50% of all exuded dissolved organic carbon. Composed only of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and sulfur, fucoidan secretion does not consume nutrients enabling carbon sequestration independent of algal growth. Extrapolated over a year, the algae sequester more carbon into secreted fucoidan than their biomass. The global utility of fucoidan secretion is an alternative pathway for carbon dioxide removal by brown algae without the need to harvest or bury algal biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Although past research has established that men with chronic pain are more likely to misuse prescription pain medications in a myriad of ways compared with women, little is known about men's medication use in the context of their gender role beliefs. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of men's domestic gender role beliefs on their use of prescription pain medication for chronic pain. Methods Using a nationally representative data set with 304 men with chronic pain, this study examined a longitudinal moderated mediation model in which pain interference mediates the longitudinal relationship between somatic amplification and prescription pain medication use, with domestic gender role beliefs as a moderator of the aforementioned mediated relationship. Results Results indicated a significant moderated mediation model in which pain interference fully mediated the relationship between somatic amplification and prescription pain medication use, with men's domestic gender role beliefs moderating this mediated relationship. Specifically, domestic gender role beliefs moderated the relationship between pain interference and prescription pain medication use. Men with higher levels of traditional domestic gender role beliefs strengthened the mediated relationship, contributing to increased prescription pain medication use. Conclusions These findings suggest that although men's perceptions of somatic stimuli through its perceived interference contribute to their medication use, the extent to which they consume prescription pain medication depends on their beliefs in domestic gender roles during chronic pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Publicly available, fully-annotated simulated cryo-electron tomogram dataset. • Benchmark of six learning-based methods against template matching baseline. • Strong correlation between localization/classification performance and molecular weight. Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) is an imaging technique that allows us to three-dimensionally visualize both the structural details of macro-molecular assemblies under near-native conditions and its cellular context. Electrons strongly interact with biological samples, limiting electron dose. The latter limits the signal-to-noise ratio and hence resolution of an individual tomogram to about 50 (5 nm). Biological molecules can be obtained by averaging volumes, each depicting copies of the molecule, allowing for resolutions beyond 4 (0.4 nm). To this end, the ability to localize and classify components is crucial, but challenging due to the low signal-to-noise ratio. Computational innovation is key to mine biological information from cryo-electron tomography. To promote such innovation, we provide a novel simulated dataset to benchmark different methods of localization and classification of biological macromolecules in cryo-electron tomograms. Our publicly available dataset contains ten tomographic reconstructions of simulated cell-like volumes. Each volume contains twelve different types of complexes, varying in size, function and structure. In this paper, we have evaluated seven different methods of finding and classifying proteins. Six research groups present results obtained with learning-based methods and trained on the simulated dataset, as well as a baseline template matching, a traditional method widely used in cryo-ET research. We find that method performance correlates with particle size, especially noticeable for template matching which performance degrades rapidly as the size decreases. We learn that neural networks can achieve significantly better localization and classification performance, in particular convolutional networks with focus on high-resolution details such as those based on U-Net architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cross-cultural validity of a modified version of psychology of working theory (PWT; Duffy, Blustein, Diemer, & Autin, 2016) was tested in samples of United States (n = 346) and Korean (n = 319) undergraduates. Participants completed measures of economic resources, work volition, career adaptability, occupational engagement, and future decent work perceptions. The results illustrated measurement invariance between the two samples. Thus, the hypothesized models were tested separately in the two samples and the results were compared regarding parameter significance, direction, and magnitude. Overall, the modified model generally fit well with both samples. However, there were notable cross-cultural differences: economic resources significantly predicted work volition, occupational engagement, and future decent work perceptions only in the United States sample and the future decent work perceptions and occupational engagement were negatively associated in the Korean sample. Explanations about the cross-cultural differences and invariances were provided and practical and research implications were discussed. Public Significance Statement: This study examined predictors of occupational engagement and future perceptions of decent work among undergraduate samples from the United States and Korea. Although psychological factors such as the perceived ability to freely make career choice and the resources to cope with various career tasks were important for both sample, notable differences existed concerning the links between economic resources to career-related behaviors and perceptions of future work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]