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Abstract Background and aims This consensus statement presents a comprehensive and evidence-based set of guidelines that modify the general European or US guidelines for hypotension management with vasopressors during cesarean delivery. It is tailored to the Southeast Asian context in terms of local human and medical resources, health system capacity, and local values and preferences. Methods and results These guidelines were prepared using a methodological approach. Two principal sources were used to obtain the evidence: scientific evidence and opinion-based evidence. A team of five anesthesia experts from Vietnam, the Philippines, and Thailand came together to define relevant clinical questions; search for literature-based evidence using the MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane libraries; evaluate existing guidelines; and contextualize recommendations for the Southeast Asian region. Furthermore, a survey was developed and distributed among 183 practitioners in the captioned countries to gather representative opinions of the medical community and identify best practices for the management of hypotension with vasopressors during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Conclusions This consensus statement advocates proactive management of maternal hypotension during cesarean section after spinal anesthesia, which can be detrimental for both the mother and fetus, supports the choice of phenylephrine as a first-line vasopressor and offers a perspective on the use of prefilled syringes in the Southeast Asian region, where factors such as healthcare features, availability, patient safety, and cost should be considered.

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The economic reform (Đổi mới) that began in 1986 and the current strong development of the market economy have left many marks on almost all aspects of social life in Vietnam, including community beliefs and public ritual space. Material-economic factors penetrate into public ritual spaces (such as a communal temple) and become one of the important driving forces for ritual spaces in some places. Moreover, material-economic values have become important resources to promote the development of rural public. This study of a festival held at the Vĩnh Bình Communal Temple (Tiền Giang province) describes the trend of materialeconomic factors in rural festivals and identifies a new phase of development and a new experience of a local communal temple festival. The material-economic factors are the intrinsic factors of the festival. If used properly, they can enhance the festival atmosphere, promote community cohesion, and enhance the atmosphere of the festival. This case study shows that material-economic factors can be appropriately used as the catalysts for improving the effectiveness of communal festivals and they play a significant role in helping to protect and develop communal institutions in Vietnam today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learner experience is considered a determining factor in the effectiveness of most Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Vietnam. Currently, under the pressure of the industrial revolution 4.0 and the Covid-19 pandemic, online learners have become the main customers that bring competitive advantages to HEIs. The Community of Inquiry (CoI) Measurement Framework is to measure students’ online experience that promises to continuously improve the effectiveness of the E-Learning system. Quantitative research was carried out with 3,027 students participating in an online learning form of a university in Ho Chi Minh City, but only 1,568 (51.8%) students responded adequately and were selected as the survey sample. The fuzzy set analysis (fsQCA) method was used to analyze the complex causal relationships of the components in the research model. The result, on the one hand, reinforced the conclusions of previous studies on the influence of the teaching factor on the cognitive process of online learners. On the other hand, it found the difference that the social factor did not completely have a positive impact on cognition but only suggested a convenient and easy web communication platform for online learners to interact. The study also contributed to the application of a new research scale to the CoI.

Tianhou (天后) is a popular religious figure rooted in Fujian, China. Historically, she was continuously 'standardised' by late imperial China, making this character a standard symbol. In the late 17th century, Chinese immigrants propagated the Tianhou cult in Southern Vietnam, further developed, and made Tianhou the identity marker of their community. However, in Camau and other places of Southern Vietnam, this symbol became partially changed due to the process of localisation and cross-cultural exchange. The Chinese successfully incorporate Chinese Tianhou rituals with Vietnamese family rites (especially the worships of Kitchen God and ancestors) to gain both community consolidation and cross-ethnic integration. The illusionary incorporation effectively consolidates the ties between peoples and improves the position of the ethnic Chinese in the local society. This paper mainly applies the concept of 'inventing tradition' and Seligman's and Weller's (2012) viewpoint of the cultural interaction of notation, ritual and shared experience to generalise the nature and significance of liturgical transformation in the Tianhou cult among the ethnic Chinese in Camau. The study shows that cultural adaptation, as a means for survival and evolution, has been the goal of an endless struggle among the Chinese in contemporary Vietnam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm so sánh sự khác biệt về mức độ hài lòng giữa sinh viên các trường đại học tại Việt Nam đối với các thành phần thuộc dịch vụ hỗ trợ do nhà trường cung cấp. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có sự khác biệt về mức độ hài lòng của các thành phần như: dịch vụ thư viện, căng tin/dịch vụ ăn uống, hỗ trợ tài chính, hỗ trợ từ phòng ban và hoạt động ngoại khóa. Các phương pháp nghiên cứu được sử dụng trong nghiên cứu này là kiểm định t-test, phân tích phương sai một chiều. Những người tham gia bảng câu hỏi bao gồm 1,687 sinh viên đang học tại các trường đại học ở thành phố lớn như Hà Nội, Đà Nẵng, Khánh Hòa và Hồ Chí Minh. Kết quả kiểm định cho thấy sự khác biệt do đặc điểm loại hình trường học (công lập và tư thục) và khu vực địa lý (miền Bắc, miền Trung và miền Nam) trong mức độ hài lòng về dịch vụ hỗ trợ.

During the epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) that occurred in Vietnam in March 2003, the French Ministries of Health and Foreign Affairs dispatched a mission composed of personnel from the emergency medical assistance department (French acronym, SAMU) and one virologist from the Pasteur Institute to the French hospital in Hanoi. The purpose of this mission was to reinforce the local medical staff, to bring medical equipment, and to assist in identifying the cause of the SARS epidemic. Most of the 39 cases observed involved health care personnel working at the hospital. Six including 5 who died presented severe manifestations. Application of strict empirical measures of isolation, hygiene, and personal protection allowed containment of the SARS outbreak in Hanoi.