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392 results on '"Nicholson, William L."'

1. Heartland Virus Infection in Elderly Patient Initially Suspected of Having Ehrlichiosis, North Carolina, USA

Author

Barbarin, Alexis M., Fisher, Teresa G., Reiskind, Michael H., Williams, Carl, Ayres, Bryan N., Burkhalter, Kristen L., and Nicholson, William L.

Subjects
Diagnosis, Distribution, Care and treatment, Company distribution practices, Tick-borne diseases -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment -- Distribution, Ehrlichiosis -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment -- Distribution
Abstract

Ehrlichia chaffeensis and E. ewingii are tickborne intracellular bacteria that cause human ehrlichiosis (1). In the United States, ehrlichiosis occurs primarily in south-central, southeastern, and mid-Atlantic states. In 2019, nearly [...]

Published
2024
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2. Conceptual Framework for Community-Based Prevention of Brown Dog Tick-Associated Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Author

Brophy, Maureen K., Weis, Erica, Drexler, Naomi A., Paddock, Christopher D., Nicholson, William L., Kersh, Gilbert J., and Salzer, Johanna S.

Subjects
Control, Distribution, Prevention, Risk factors, Health aspects, Company distribution practices, Ticks -- Distribution -- Health aspects -- Control, Rocky Mountain spotted fever -- Prevention -- Risk factors -- Distribution
Abstract

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is the deadliest tickborne disease in the Western Hemisphere. RMSF is caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, which is primarily transmitted to humans by Dermacentor [...]

Published
2024
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4. Metagenomic Detection of Bacterial Zoonotic Pathogens among Febrile Patients, Tanzania, 2007-2009

Author

Rolfe, Robert J., Sheldon, Sarah W., Kingry, Luke C., Petersen, Jeannine M., Maro, Venance P., Kinabo, Grace D., Saganda, Wilbrod, Maze, Michael J., Halliday, Jo E.B., Nicholson, William L., Galloway, Renee L., Rubach, Matthew P., and Crump, John A.

Subjects
Diagnosis, Identification and classification, Genetic aspects, Methods, Causes of, Bacterial infections -- Diagnosis -- Causes of, DNA sequencing -- Methods, Pathogenic bacteria -- Identification and classification -- Genetic aspects, RNA sequencing -- Methods, Fever -- Diagnosis -- Causes of, Genomics -- Methods, Zoonoses -- Diagnosis -- Causes of, Nucleotide sequencing -- Methods, Bacteria, Pathogenic -- Identification and classification -- Genetic aspects, Hyperthermia -- Diagnosis -- Causes of
Abstract

Bacterial zoonoses cause severe febrile illness in East Africa (2). Patients with bacterial zoonotic diseases can have nonspecific febrile illnesses that are difficult to diagnose clinically or in the laboratory [...]

Published
2024
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5. A mutation associated with resistance to synthetic pyrethroids is widespread in US populations of the tropical lineage of Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l

Author

Stone, Nathan E., Ballard, Rebecca, Bourgeois, Reanna M., Pemberton, Grant L., McDonough, Ryelan F., Ruby, Megan C., Backus, Laura H., López-Pérez, Andrés M., Lemmer, Darrin, Koch, Zane, Brophy, Maureen, Paddock, Christopher D., Kersh, Gilbert J., Nicholson, William L., Sahl, Jason W., Busch, Joseph D., Salzer, Johanna S., Foley, Janet E., and Wagner, David M.

Published
2024
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8. Risk Factors for Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania.

Author

Bowhay, Thomas R, Rubach, Matthew P, Mendes, Ângelo J F, Nicholson, William L, Perniciaro, Jamie L, Maze, Michael J, Moorthy, Ganga S, Halliday, Jo E B, Allan, Kathryn J, Mmbaga, Blandina T, Saganda, Wilbrod, Lwezaula, Bingileki F, Kazwala, Rudovick R, Cleaveland, Sarah, Sharples, Katrina J, Maro, Venance P, and Crump, John A

Subjects
AGE groups, ANTIBODY titer, LOGISTIC regression analysis, ODDS ratio, HIGH temperatures
Abstract

Background Knowledge gaps exist on risk factors for spotted fever group rickettsioses (SFGR) in sub-Saharan Africa. We sought to identify SFGR risk factors in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania. Methods We recruited febrile patients presenting at 2 hospitals in Moshi from February 2012 through May 2014. Standardized clinical and risk factor questionnaires were administered. SFGR exposure was defined as a Rickettsia africae immunofluorescence antibody reciprocal titer ≥64, and acute SFGR as a ≥4-fold rise between paired sera. Logistic regression was used to identify associations. Results Of 1190 participants providing ≥1 serum sample, the median age was 21.8 (range, 0.3–100.2) years, 646 (54.3%) were female, and 650 (54.6%) had SFGR exposure. Of 731 participants with paired sera, 67 (9.2%) had acute SFGR. On multivariable analysis, odds of acute SFGR were higher in the age group 0–2 years (adjusted odds ratios [aORs] for older age groups, <0.36; P <.011), rural residence (aOR, 4.1; P =.007), and areas with maximum daily temperature <26°C (aORs for higher temperature groups, <0.42; P <.035). Odds of SFGR exposure were higher in those working in the garden (aOR, 1.8; P =.010) and seeing a dog (aOR, 1.5; P =.010). Odds of SFGR exposure were lower in the age group 0–2 years (aORs for older age groups, >1.5; P <.026), female sex (aOR, 0.62; P <.001), and being from the Chaga tribe (aOR, 0.68; P =.003). Conclusions Those aged <2 years, rural residents, and persons residing in areas with cooler temperatures had increased odds of SFGR. Our results identify groups for further research on tick exposure and for targeted prevention interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Unique Strain of Rickettsia parkeri Associated with the Hard Tick Dermacentor parumapertus Neumann in the Western United States

Author

Paddock, Christopher D, Allerdice, Michelle EJ, Karpathy, Sandor E, Nicholson, William L, Levin, Michael L, Smith, Travis C, Becker, Tom, Delph, Robert J, Knight, Robert N, Ritter, Jana M, Sanders, Jeanine H, and Goddard, Jerome

Subjects
Microbiology, Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Vaccine Related, Prevention, Vector-Borne Diseases, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Rare Diseases, Biodefense, Animals, Arizona, Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins, Dermacentor, Phylogeny, Rabbits, Rickettsia, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sequence Homology, Texas, Utah, RMSF, Rickettsia Atlantic rainforest, Rickettsia parkeri, tick-borne pathogens, Medical microbiology
Abstract

In 1953, investigators at the Rocky Mountain Laboratories in Hamilton, MT, described the isolation of a spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR) species from Dermacentor parumapertus ticks collected from black-tailed jackrabbits (Lepus californicus) in northern Nevada. Several decades later, investigators characterized this SFGR (designated the parumapertus agent) by using mouse serotyping methods and determined that it represented a distinct rickettsial serotype closely related to Rickettsia parkeri; nonetheless, the parumapertus agent was not further characterized or studied. To our knowledge, no isolates of the parumapertus agent remain in any rickettsial culture collection, which precludes contemporary phylogenetic placement of this enigmatic SFGR. To rediscover the parumapertus agent, adult-stage D. parumapertus ticks were collected from black-tailed jackrabbits shot or encountered as roadkills in Arizona, Utah, or Texas from 2011 to 2016. A total of 339 ticks were collected and evaluated for infection with Rickettsia species. Of 112 D. parumapertus ticks collected in south Texas, 16 (14.3%) contained partial ompA sequences with the closest identity (99.6%) to Rickettsia sp. strain Atlantic rainforest Aa46, an SFGR that is closely related or identical to an SFGR species that causes a mild rickettsiosis in several states of Brazil. A pure isolate, designated strain Black Gap, was cultivated in Vero E6 cells, and sequence analysis of the rrs, gltA, sca0, sca5, and sca4 genes also revealed the closest genetic identity to Rickettsia sp. Atlantic rainforest Aa46. Phylogenetic analysis of the five concatenated rickettsial genes place Rickettsia sp. strain Black Gap and Rickettsia sp. Atlantic rainforest Aa46 with R. parkeri in a distinct and well-supported clade.IMPORTANCE We suggest that Rickettsia sp. Black Gap and Rickettsia sp. Atlantic rainforest Aa46 represent nearly identical strains of R. parkeri and that Rickettsia sp. Black Gap or a very similar strain of R. parkeri represents the parumapertus agent. The close genetic relatedness among these taxa, as well as the response of guinea pigs infected with the Black Gap strain, suggests that R. parkeri Black Gap could cause disease in humans. The identification of this organism could also account, at least in part, for the remarkable differences in severity ascribed to Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) among various regions of the American West during the early 20th century. We suggest that the wide variation in case fatality rates attributed to RMSF could have occurred by the inadvertent inclusion of cases of milder disease caused by R. parkeri Black Gap.

Published
2017

11. Prevalence and risk factors for Q fever, spotted fever group rickettsioses, and typhus group rickettsioses in a pastoralist community of northern Tanzania, 2016–2017

Author

Moorthy, Ganga S., primary, Rubach, Matthew P., additional, Maze, Michael J., additional, Refuerzo, Regina P., additional, Shirima, Gabriel M., additional, Lukambagire, AbdulHamid S., additional, Bodenham, Rebecca F., additional, Cash‐Goldwasser, Shama, additional, Thomas, Kate M., additional, Sakasaka, Philoteus, additional, Mkenda, Nestory, additional, Bowhay, Thomas R., additional, Perniciaro, Jamie L., additional, Nicholson, William L., additional, Kersh, Gilbert J., additional, Kazwala, Rudovick R., additional, Mmbaga, Blandina T., additional, Buza, Joram J., additional, Maro, Venance P., additional, Haydon, Daniel T., additional, Crump, John A., additional, and Halliday, Jo E. B., additional

Published
2024
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12. A Mutation Associated with Resistance to Synthetic Pyrethroids is Widespread in Us Populations of the Tropical Lineage of Rhipicephalus Sanguineus S.L

Author

Stone, Nathan E., primary, Ballard, Rebecca, additional, Bourgeois, Reanna M., additional, Pemberton, Grant L., additional, McDonough, Ryelan F., additional, Ruby, Megan C., additional, Backus, Laura H., additional, Lopez Perez, Andres Mauricio, additional, Lemmer, Darrin, additional, Koch, Zane, additional, Brophy, Maureen, additional, Paddock, Christopher D., additional, Kersh, Gilbert J., additional, Nicholson, William L., additional, Sahl, Jason W., additional, Busch, Joseph D., additional, Salzer, Johanna S., additional, Foley, Janet, additional, and Wagner, David M., additional

Published
2024
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13. Risk Factors for and Seroprevalence of Tickborne Zoonotic Diseases among Livestock Owners, Kazakhstan

Author

Head, Jennifer R., Bumburidi, Yekaterina, Mirzabekova, Gulfaira, Rakhimov, Kumysbek, Dzhumankulov, Marat, Salyer, Stephanie J., Knust, Barbara, Berezovskiy, Dmitriy, Kulatayeva, Mariyakul, Zhetibaev, Serik, Shoemaker, Trevor, Nicholson, William L., and Moffett, Daphne

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -- Surveys, Development and progression, Risk factors, Surveys, Livestock -- Surveys, Disease transmission -- Development and progression -- Risk factors -- Surveys, Livestock industry -- Surveys, Hemorrhagic fevers -- Development and progression -- Risk factors -- Surveys, Medical research -- Surveys, Lyme disease -- Development and progression -- Risk factors -- Surveys, Zoonoses -- Development and progression -- Risk factors -- Surveys, Beef cattle, Tick-borne diseases, Protective devices, Diseases
Abstract

Zoonoses account for 61% of human infectious diseases and 75% of emerging pathogens (1). Zoonotic diseases pass from animals to humans through direct contact with animals, inhalation of infectious aerosols, [...]

Published
2020
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16. Diagnosis and Management of Tickborne Rickettsial Diseases: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and Other Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses, Ehrlichioses, and Anaplasmosis — United States : A Practical Guide for Health Care and Public Health Professionals

Author

Biggs, Holly M., Behravesh, Casey Barton, Bradley, Kristy K., Dahlgren, F. Scott, Drexler, Naomi A., Dumler, J. Stephen, Folk, Scott M., Kato, Cecilia Y., Lash, R. Ryan, Levin, Michael L., Massung, Robert F., Nadelman, Robert B., Nicholson, William L., Paddock, Christopher D., Pritt, Bobbi S., and Traeger, Marc S.

Published
2016

17. Contributors

Author

Adler, Peter H., primary, Barker, Christopher M., additional, Brenner, Richard J., additional, Brown, Richard N., additional, Burkett-Cadena, Nathan D., additional, Cepeda-Palacios, Ramón, additional, Colwell, Douglas D., additional, Durden, Lance A., additional, Foster, Woodbridge A., additional, Fryxell, Rebecca Trout, additional, Gerhardt, Reid R., additional, Hinkle, Nancy C., additional, Hribar, Lawrence J., additional, King, Jonas G., additional, Kramer, Richard D., additional, Krinsky, William L., additional, Landolt, Peter J., additional, Lloyd, John E., additional, McCreadie, John W., additional, Moon, Roger D., additional, Mullen, Gary R., additional, Mullens, Bradley A., additional, Munstermann, Leonard E., additional, Murphree, C. Steven, additional, Nayduch, Dana, additional, Nicholson, William L., additional, Noden, Bruce H., additional, OConnor, Barry M., additional, Olafson, Pia Untalan, additional, Reed, Hal C., additional, Reeves, Will K., additional, Reisen, William K., additional, Schmidt, Justin O., additional, Scholl, Philip J., additional, Sissom, W. David, additional, Sonenshine, Daniel E., additional, Turell, Michael J., additional, Vetter, Richard S., additional, Walker, Edward D., additional, and Zaspel, Jennifer M., additional

Published
2019
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18. Ticks (Ixodida)

Author

Nicholson, William L., primary, Sonenshine, Daniel E., additional, Noden, Bruce H., additional, and Brown, Richard N., additional

Published
2019
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19. Additional file 1 of Investigating the etiology of acute febrile illness: a prospective clinic-based study in Uganda

Author

Kigozi, Brian K., Kharod, Grishma A., Bukenya, Henry, Shadomy, Sean V., Haberling, Dana L., Stoddard, Robyn A., Galloway, Renee L., Tushabe, Phionah, Nankya, Annet, Nsibambi, Thomas, Mbidde, Edward Katongole, Lutwama, Julius J., Perniciaro, Jamie L., Nicholson, William L., Bower, William A., Bwogi, Josephine, and Blaney, David D.

Abstract

Additional file 1: Table S1. Recruitment strategy of AFI study participants based on malaria cases in 2007.

Published
2023
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20. Additional file 4 of Investigating the etiology of acute febrile illness: a prospective clinic-based study in Uganda

Author

Kigozi, Brian K., Kharod, Grishma A., Bukenya, Henry, Shadomy, Sean V., Haberling, Dana L., Stoddard, Robyn A., Galloway, Renee L., Tushabe, Phionah, Nankya, Annet, Nsibambi, Thomas, Mbidde, Edward Katongole, Lutwama, Julius J., Perniciaro, Jamie L., Nicholson, William L., Bower, William A., Bwogi, Josephine, and Blaney, David D.

Abstract

Additional file 4: Table S4. Diagnoses by age-group distribution, April 2011 to January 2013.

Published
2023
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21. Additional file 2 of Investigating the etiology of acute febrile illness: a prospective clinic-based study in Uganda

Author

Kigozi, Brian K., Kharod, Grishma A., Bukenya, Henry, Shadomy, Sean V., Haberling, Dana L., Stoddard, Robyn A., Galloway, Renee L., Tushabe, Phionah, Nankya, Annet, Nsibambi, Thomas, Mbidde, Edward Katongole, Lutwama, Julius J., Perniciaro, Jamie L., Nicholson, William L., Bower, William A., Bwogi, Josephine, and Blaney, David D.

Abstract

Additional file 2: Table S2. Age-group distribution of AFI study participants, April 2011 to January 2013.

Published
2023
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22. Additional file 3 of Investigating the etiology of acute febrile illness: a prospective clinic-based study in Uganda

Author

Kigozi, Brian K., Kharod, Grishma A., Bukenya, Henry, Shadomy, Sean V., Haberling, Dana L., Stoddard, Robyn A., Galloway, Renee L., Tushabe, Phionah, Nankya, Annet, Nsibambi, Thomas, Mbidde, Edward Katongole, Lutwama, Julius J., Perniciaro, Jamie L., Nicholson, William L., Bower, William A., Bwogi, Josephine, and Blaney, David D.

Abstract

Additional file 3: Table S3. Effect of loss to follow-up on study validity.

Published
2023
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23. Contributors

Author

Abzug, Mark J., primary, Adderson, Elisabeth E., additional, Agwu, Allison L., additional, Alby, Kevin, additional, Aldrovandi, Grace M., additional, Allen, Upton D., additional, Alvarez-Hernández, Gerardo, additional, Ampofo, Krow, additional, Anderson, Evan J., additional, Anderson, Margot, additional, Antonara, Stella, additional, Ardura, Monica I., additional, Arguin, Paul M., additional, Arnold, John C., additional, Aronson, Naomi E., additional, Arvin, Ann M., additional, Ashkenazi, Shai, additional, Asturias, Edwin J., additional, Badalyan, Vahe, additional, Baker, Carol J., additional, Balakrishnan, Karthik, additional, Barros, Brittany S., additional, Barson, William J., additional, Bausch, Daniel G., additional, Bechtel, Kirsten, additional, Benjamin, Daniel K., additional, Berman, David M., additional, Blanco, David A., additional, Bloch, Karen C., additional, Blythe, Margaret J., additional, Bocchini, Joseph A., additional, Bowen, Anna, additional, Bowie, William R., additional, Boyce, Thomas G., additional, Bradley, John S., additional, Brady, Michael T., additional, Bratcher, Denise F., additional, Braverman, Paula K., additional, Bresee, Joseph, additional, Brook, Itzhak, additional, Brown, Kevin E., additional, Bryant, Kristina, additional, Buescher, E. Stephen, additional, Burns, Jane L., additional, Byington, Carrie L., additional, Camacho-Gonzalez, Andres F., additional, Cantey, Paul, additional, Carter, Bryan D., additional, Caserta, Mary T., additional, Castagnini, Luis A., additional, Cerini, Chiara, additional, Chadwick, Ellen Gould, additional, Chiang, Silvia S., additional, Christenson, John C., additional, Coffin, Susan E., additional, Collier, Melissa G., additional, Collins, Jennifer P., additional, Conklin, Laurie S., additional, Connelly, Beverly L., additional, Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Despina, additional, Conway, James H., additional, Cortese, Margaret M., additional, Cox, Elaine G., additional, Creech, C. Buddy, additional, Crews, Jonathan D., additional, Cunningham, Dennis J., additional, Curtis, Nigel, additional, Dailey, Natalie J.M., additional, Danziger-Isakov, Lara A., additional, Darville, Toni, additional, Dasch, Gregory A., additional, Daskalaki, Irini, additional, Daum, Robert S., additional, Davenport, Michael, additional, Davies, H. Dele, additional, Dawood, Fatimah S., additional, Day, J. Christopher, additional, de la Morena, Maite, additional, Demmler-Harrison, Gail J., additional, DeMuri, Gregory P., additional, Despommier, Dickson D., additional, Diefenbach, Karen A., additional, Edwards, Kathryn M., additional, Edwards, Morven S., additional, Eichenfield, Lawrence F., additional, Elston, Dirk M., additional, Emerson, Beth, additional, Ephros, Moshe, additional, Erdem, Guliz, additional, Eremeeva, Marina E., additional, Ericson, Jessica E., additional, Esposito, Douglas H., additional, Farley, Monica M., additional, Feingold, Anat R., additional, Feja, Kristina N., additional, Finn, Adam, additional, Fischer, Marc, additional, Flynn, Patricia M., additional, Fox, LeAnne M., additional, Frank, Michael M., additional, Fredrick, Douglas R., additional, Frenck, Robert W., additional, Friedlander, Sheila Fallon, additional, Gans, Hayley A., additional, Gauthier, Gregory M., additional, Gerber, Jeffrey S., additional, Gigliotti, Francis, additional, Gilger, Mark A., additional, Glaser, Carol A., additional, Goddard, Amanda F., additional, Gold, Benjamin D., additional, Gould, Jane M., additional, Green, Michael, additional, Greenberg, David, additional, Greywal, Tanya, additional, Griffin, Daniel, additional, Griffin, Patricia M., additional, Grom, Alexei A., additional, Gutierrez, Kathleen, additional, Gutman, Julie, additional, Guzman-Cottrill, Judith A., additional, Hall, Aron J., additional, Han, Jin-Young, additional, Harper, Marvin B., additional, Harris, Julie R., additional, Harrison, Christopher J., additional, Haslam, David B., additional, Hawkes, Sarah J., additional, Hendley, J. Owen, additional, Henry, Marion C.W., additional, Hilinski, Joseph A., additional, Hills, Susan L., additional, Holmberg, Scott D., additional, Holtzman, Deborah, additional, Hong, David K., additional, Hotez, Peter J., additional, Hsu, Katherine K., additional, Hunstad, David A., additional, Hwang, Loris Y., additional, Jackson, Mary Anne, additional, Jacobs, Richard F., additional, Jhaveri, Ravi, additional, Jirků-Pomajbíková, Kateřina, additional, Jones, Jeffrey L., additional, Karki, Mahima, additional, Karlowicz, M. Gary, additional, Katz, Ben Z., additional, Kaur, Ishminder, additional, Kersh, Gilbert J., additional, Keystone, Jay S., additional, Khan, Muhammad Ali, additional, Kimberlin, David W., additional, Kleiman, Martin B., additional, Klein, Bruce S., additional, Klontz, Karl, additional, Knust, Barbara, additional, Koh, Andrew Y., additional, Korgenski, E. Kent, additional, Krogstad, Paul, additional, Kutty, Preeta Krishnan, additional, Lauren, Christine T., additional, Lawrence, Hillary S., additional, Leber, Amy, additional, Lee, Grace M., additional, Leibovitz, Eugene, additional, Leshem, Eyal, additional, Levasseur, Stéphanie, additional, Lewis, David B., additional, Livingston, Robyn A., additional, Llata, Eloisa, additional, Long, Sarah S., additional, Lopman, Ben A., additional, Lucero, Yalda C., additional, Luján-Zilbermann, Jorge, additional, Luzuriaga, Katherine, additional, MacDonald, Noni E., additional, Maldonado, Yvonne A., additional, Manaloor, John, additional, Mani, Chitra S., additional, Manthiram, Kalpana, additional, Marshall, Gary S., additional, Martin, Stacey W., additional, Matanock, Almea, additional, Matiz, Catalina, additional, Mawle, Alison C., additional, Mazzulli, Tony, additional, McGann, Kathleen A., additional, McIntosh, Kenneth, additional, McNamara, Lucy A., additional, Meir, Michal, additional, Meislich, Debrah, additional, Meissner, H. Cody, additional, Meites, Elissa, additional, Mejías, Asunción, additional, Mertsola, Jussi, additional, Messacar, Kevin, additional, Mhaissen, Mohammed Nael, additional, Michaels, Marian G., additional, Miller, Melissa B., additional, Mintz, Eric D., additional, Modlin, John F., additional, Mohan, Parvathi, additional, Montgomery, Susan P., additional, Montoya, José G., additional, Moro, Pedro L., additional, Moscicki, Anna-Barbara, additional, Moss, R. Lawrence, additional, Myers, Angela L., additional, Nadel, Simon, additional, Neely, Michael N., additional, Neil, Karen P., additional, Nelson, Joanna, additional, Nelson, Noele P., additional, Nicholson, William L., additional, Nizet, Victor, additional, Nopper, Amy Jo, additional, Ochoa, Theresa J., additional, Orenstein, Walter A., additional, O'Ryan, Miguel, additional, Paddock, Christopher D., additional, Pall, Harpreet, additional, Panuganti, Suresh Kumar, additional, Pappas, Diane E., additional, Pass, Robert F., additional, Patterson, Thomas F., additional, Patton, Monica E., additional, Pelton, Stephen I., additional, Petersen, Brett W., additional, Pickering, Larry K., additional, Pinninti, Swetha, additional, Planet, Paul J., additional, Pollard, Andrew J., additional, Posfay-Barbe, Klara M., additional, Poulsen, Casper S., additional, Poutanen, Susan M., additional, Powers, Ann M., additional, Prober, Charles G., additional, Ramilo, Octavio, additional, Rangel, Shawn J., additional, Rao, Suchitra, additional, Rawstron, Sarah A., additional, Read, Jennifer S., additional, Reed, Michael D., additional, Relich, Ryan F., additional, Reller, Megan E., additional, Rellosa, Neil, additional, Rempe, Katherine A., additional, Reyes, Melissa A., additional, Rice-Townsend, Samuel E., additional, Richards, Frank O., additional, Romero, José R., additional, Rosen, David A., additional, Rostad, Christina A., additional, Rours, G. Ingrid J.G., additional, Routh, Janell A., additional, Rowley, Anne H., additional, Rubin, Lorry G., additional, Ryan, Edward T., additional, Saiman, Lisa, additional, Sammons, Julia S., additional, Sass, Laura, additional, Sauberan, Jason B., additional, Schillie, Sarah, additional, Schulert, Grant S., additional, Schuster, Jennifer E., additional, Schwartz, Kevin L., additional, Sederdahl, Bethany K., additional, Serpa, Jose A., additional, Shah, Kara N., additional, Shah, Samir S., additional, Shane, Andi L., additional, Shapiro, Eugene D., additional, Shaw, Jana, additional, Shetty, Avinash K., additional, Dairiki, Linda M., additional, Siberry, George Kelly, additional, Siegel, Jane D., additional, Siegel, Robert David, additional, Simonsen, Kari A., additional, Singh, Nalini, additional, Singh, Upinder, additional, Smith, P. Brian, additional, Snyder, John D., additional, Song, Eunkyung, additional, Sorrell, Jennifer L., additional, Souder, Emily, additional, St. Geme, Joseph W., additional, Staat, Mary Allen, additional, Staples, J. Erin, additional, Starke, Jeffrey R., additional, Steinbach, William J., additional, Stensvold, Christen R., additional, Stoner, Bradley P., additional, Strikas, Raymond A., additional, Strober, Jonathan B., additional, Sue, Paul K., additional, Sutton, Deanna A., additional, Swanson, Douglas, additional, Tate, Jacqueline E., additional, Tebruegge, Marc, additional, Teshale, Eyasu H., additional, Thompson, Amelia B., additional, Thompson, George R., additional, Thompson-Stone, Robert, additional, Thomson, Richard B., additional, Thorell, Emily A., additional, Tobin, Nicole H., additional, Toltzis, Philip, additional, Treat, James, additional, Troy, Stephanie B., additional, Van, Russell B., additional, Vaz, Louise Elaine, additional, Vodzak, Jennifer, additional, Wald, Ellen R., additional, Wallihan, Rebecca, additional, Wangu, Zoon, additional, Washam, Matthew, additional, Watson, Joshua R., additional, Wattier, Rachel L., additional, Weinberg, Geoffrey A., additional, White, A. Clinton, additional, Wiesenfeld, Harold C., additional, Williams, John V., additional, Willoughby, Rodney E., additional, Wingerter, Sarah L., additional, Wittler, Robert R., additional, Wong, Karen K., additional, Workowski, Kimberly A., additional, Wright, Terry W., additional, Yagupsky, Pablo, additional, Yen, Catherine, additional, Yi, Jumi, additional, Yoder, Jonathan S., additional, Young, Edward J., additional, Zaenglein, Andrea L., additional, and Zimmerman, Kanecia, additional

Published
2018
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28. Human infection with Ehrlichia muris-like pathogen, United States, 2007-2013

Author

Johnson, Diep K. Hoang, Schiffman, Elizabeth K., Davis, Jeffrey P., Neitzel, David F., Sloan, Lynne M., Nicholson, William L., Fritsche, Thomas R., Steward, Christopher R., Ray, Julie A., Miller, Tracy K., Feist, Michelle A., Uphoff, Timothy S., Franson, Joni J., Livermore, Amy L., Deedon, Alecia K., Theel, Elitza S., and Pritt, Bobbi S.

Subjects
Diagnosis, Usage, Research, Genetic aspects, Risk factors, Polymerase chain reaction -- Usage, Ehrlichiosis -- Risk factors -- Diagnosis -- Research -- Genetic aspects
Abstract

Ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis are emerging tickborne zoonoses caused by Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, respectively (1-4). These gram-negative obligate intracellular bacteria infect leukocytes and cause febrile illness in humans (1,3). [...]

Published
2015
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29. Investigating the etiology of acute febrile illness: a prospective clinic-based study in Uganda.

Author

Kigozi, Brian K., Kharod, Grishma A., Bukenya, Henry, Shadomy, Sean V., Haberling, Dana L., Stoddard, Robyn A., Galloway, Renee L., Tushabe, Phionah, Nankya, Annet, Nsibambi, Thomas, Mbidde, Edward Katongole, Lutwama, Julius J., Perniciaro, Jamie L., Nicholson, William L., Bower, William A., Bwogi, Josephine, and Blaney, David D.

Subjects
ACUTE diseases, ETIOLOGY of diseases, RAPID diagnostic tests, ARBOVIRUS diseases, WEST Nile virus, TYPHOID fever, DENGUE hemorrhagic fever
Abstract

Background: Historically, malaria has been the predominant cause of acute febrile illness (AFI) in sub-Saharan Africa. However, during the last two decades, malaria incidence has declined due to concerted public health control efforts, including the widespread use of rapid diagnostic tests leading to increased recognition of non-malarial AFI etiologies. Our understanding of non-malarial AFI is limited due to lack of laboratory diagnostic capacity. We aimed to determine the etiology of AFI in three distinct regions of Uganda. Methods: A prospective clinic-based study that enrolled participants from April 2011 to January 2013 using standard diagnostic tests. Participant recruitment was from St. Paul's Health Centre (HC) IV, Ndejje HC IV, and Adumi HC IV in the western, central and northern regions, which differ by climate, environment, and population density. A Pearson's chi-square test was used to evaluate categorical variables, while a two-sample t-test and Krukalis-Wallis test were used for continuous variables. Results: Of the 1281 participants, 450 (35.1%), 382 (29.8%), and 449 (35.1%) were recruited from the western, central, and northern regions, respectively. The median age (range) was 18 (2–93) years; 717 (56%) of the participants were female. At least one AFI pathogen was identified in 1054 (82.3%) participants; one or more non-malarial AFI pathogens were identified in 894 (69.8%) participants. The non-malarial AFI pathogens identified were chikungunya virus, 716 (55.9%); Spotted Fever Group rickettsia (SFGR), 336 (26.2%) and Typhus Group rickettsia (TGR), 97 (7.6%); typhoid fever (TF), 74 (5.8%); West Nile virus, 7 (0.5%); dengue virus, 10 (0.8%) and leptospirosis, 2 (0.2%) cases. No cases of brucellosis were identified. Malaria was diagnosed either concurrently or alone in 404 (31.5%) and 160 (12.5%) participants, respectively. In 227 (17.7%) participants, no cause of infection was identified. There were statistically significant differences in the occurrence and distribution of TF, TGR and SFGR, with TF and TGR observed more frequently in the western region (p = 0.001; p < 0.001) while SFGR in the northern region (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Malaria, arboviral infections, and rickettsioses are major causes of AFI in Uganda. Development of a Multiplexed Point-of-Care test would help identify the etiology of non-malarial AFI in regions with high AFI rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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33. Acquisition of Rickettsia rickettsii(Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) by Haemaphysalis longicornis(Acari: Ixodidae) through co-feeding with infected Dermacentor variabilis(Acari: Ixodidae) in the laboratory

Author

Johnson, Britny, Snellgrove, Alyssa N, McBride, Sara E, Hartzer, Kris, Levin, Michael L, and Nicholson, William L

Abstract

Haemaphysalis longicornis(Neumann) is an invasive ixodid tick originating from eastern Asia which recently has become established in the United States. In its native range, this tick can transmit several pathogens to animals and humans, but little is known about its ability to acquire and transmit pathogens native to the United States. Geographic overlap with ticks such as Dermacentor variabilis(Say), a known vector of Rickettsia rickettsii, makes investigation into the interactions between H. longicornisand D. variabilisof interest to the public health community. Previous studies have shown that H. longicorniscan serve as a competent vector of R. rickettsiiunder laboratory settings, but there is little information on its ability to acquire this pathogen via other biologically relevant routes, such as co-feeding. Here, we assess the ability of H. longicornisnymphs to acquire R. rickettsiithrough co-feeding with infected D. variabilisadults on a vertebrate animal model under laboratory conditions. The median infection prevalence in engorged H. longicornisnymphs across 8 cohorts was 0% with an interquartile range (IQR) of 4.13%. Following transstadial transmission, the median infection prevalence in flat females was 0.7% (IQR = 2.4%). Our results show that co-feeding transmission occurs at low levels in the laboratory between these 2 species. However, based on the relatively low transmission rates, this may not be a likely mechanism of R. rickettsiiintroduction to H. longicornis.

Published
2023
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35. Incidence Estimates of Acute Q Fever and Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, from 2007 to 2008 and from 2012 to 2014

Author

Pisharody, Sruti, primary, Rubach, Matthew P., additional, Carugati, Manuela, additional, Nicholson, William L., additional, Perniciaro, Jamie L., additional, Biggs, Holly M., additional, Maze, Michael J., additional, Hertz, Julian T., additional, Halliday, Jo E. B., additional, Allan, Kathryn J., additional, Mmbaga, Blandina T., additional, Saganda, Wilbrod, additional, Lwezaula, Bingileki F., additional, Kazwala, Rudovick R., additional, Cleaveland, Sarah, additional, Maro, Venance P., additional, and Crump, John A., additional

Published
2022
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39. Cell culture and electron microscopy for identifying viruses in diseases of unknown cause

Author

Goldsmith, Cynthia S., Ksiazek, Thomas G., Rollin, Pierre E., Comer, James A., Nicholson, William L., Peret, Teresa C.T., Erdman, Dean D., Bellini, William J., Harcourt, Brian H., Rota, Paul A., Bhatnagar, Julu, Bowen, Michael D., Erickson, Bobbie R., McMullan, Laura K., Nichol, Stuart T., Shieh, Wun-Ju, Paddock, Christopher D., and Zaki, Sherif R.

Subjects
Diagnosis, Usage, Methods, Cell culture -- Usage -- Methods, Diagnosis -- Methods, Communicable diseases -- Diagnosis, Virus diseases -- Diagnosis, Electron microscopy -- Usage -- Methods
Abstract

Thin section and negative stain electron microscopy (EM) examination of viruses grown in cultured cells have been instrumental in determining an etiologic agent in numerous disease outbreaks caused by previously [...]

Published
2013
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41. Rickettsia parkeri Rickettsiosis, Argentina

Author

Romer, Yamila, Seijo, Alfredo C., Crudo, Favio, Nicholson, William L., Varela-Stokes, Andrea, Lash, R. Ryan, and Paddock, Christopher D.

Subjects
Drug therapy, Distribution, Research, Causes of, Company distribution practices, Rickettsial diseases -- Causes of -- Distribution -- Drug therapy -- Research
Abstract

Rickettsia parkeri, a tick-borne bacterium discovered in 1937, was considered nonpathogenic until 2004. Since 2004, >25 cases of R. parkeri rickettsiosis have been reported in persons living within the recognized [...]

Published
2011
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42. Bourbon Virus in Wild and Domestic Animals, Missouri, USA, 2012-2013

Author

Jackson, Katelin C., Gidlewski, Thomas, Root, J. Jeffrey, Bosco-Lauth, Angela M., Lash, R. Ryan, Harmon, Jessica R., Brault, Aaron C., Panella, Nicholas A., Nicholson, William L., and Komar, Nicholas

Subjects
Diseases, White-tailed deer, Antibodies, Bites (Injuries), Reservoirs (Water), Wildlife
Abstract

Bourbon virus (BRBV) was first isolated from a febrile patient with a history of tick bites in Bourbon County, Kansas, USA; the patient later died from severe illness in 2014 [...]

Published
2019
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43. Murine typhus in Austin, Texas, USA, 2008

Author

Adjemian, Jennifer, Parks, Sharyn, McElroy, Kristina, Campbell, Jill, Eremeeva, Marina E., Nicholson, William L., McQuiston, Jennifer, and Taylor, Jeffery

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -- Reports, Diagnosis, Care and treatment, Risk factors, Reports, Demographic aspects, Typhus -- Care and treatment -- Demographic aspects -- Diagnosis -- Risk factors, Disease transmission -- Risk factors -- Demographic aspects
Abstract

Murine typhus, also known as endemic or flea-borne typhus, is caused by Rickettsia typhi, a gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacillus. This zoonotic disease is primarily maintained in rodent-flea cycles and is [...]

Published
2010
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44. Cluster of sylvatic epidemic typhus cases associated with flying squirrels, 2004-2006

Author

Chapman, Alice S., Swerdlow, David L., Dato, Virginia M., Anderson, Alicia D., Moodie, Claire E., Marriott, Chandra, Amman, Brian, Hennessey, Morgan, Fox, Perry, Green, Douglas B., Pegg, Eric, Nicholson, William L., Eremeeva, Marina E., and Dasch, Gregory A.

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -- Analysis, Analysis, Typhus -- Analysis, Epidemics -- Analysis, Infection -- Analysis
Abstract

Sylvatic epidemic typhus, hereafter referred to as sylvatic typhus, is a rare but potentially lethal zoonotic exanthematous disease caused by Rickettsia prowazekii. It is associated with a cycle of infection [...]

Published
2009
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45. Incidence Estimates of Acute Q Fever and Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, from 2007 to 2008 and from 2012 to 2014

Author

Pisharody, Sruti, Rubach, Matthew P., Carugati, Manuela, Nicholson, William L., Perniciaro, Jamie L., Biggs, Holly M., Maze, Michael J., Hertz, Julian T., Halliday, Jo E. B., Allan, Kathryn J., Mmbaga, Blandina T., Saganda, Wilbrod, Lwezaula, Bingileki F., Kazwala, Rudovick R., Cleaveland, Sarah, Maro, Venance P., and Crump, John A.

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Adolescent, Incidence, Infant, Middle Aged, Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis, Tanzania, Young Adult, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Child, Preschool, Humans, Parasitology, Female, Child, Q Fever, Delivery of Health Care, Aged
Abstract

Q fever and spotted fever group rickettsioses (SFGR) are common causes of severe febrile illness in northern Tanzania. Incidence estimates are needed to characterize the disease burden. Using hybrid surveillance—coupling case-finding at two referral hospitals and healthcare utilization data—we estimated the incidences of acute Q fever and SFGR in Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, from 2007 to 2008 and from 2012 to 2014. Cases were defined as fever and a four-fold or greater increase in antibody titers of acute and convalescent paired sera according to the indirect immunofluorescence assay of Coxiella burnetii phase II antigen for acute Q fever and Rickettsia conorii (2007–2008) or Rickettsia africae (2012–2014) antigens for SFGR. Healthcare utilization data were used to adjust for underascertainment of cases by sentinel surveillance. For 2007 to 2008, among 589 febrile participants, 16 (4.7%) of 344 and 27 (8.8%) of 307 participants with paired serology had Q fever and SFGR, respectively. Adjusted annual incidence estimates of Q fever and SFGR were 80 (uncertainty range, 20–454) and 147 (uncertainty range, 52–645) per 100,000 persons, respectively. For 2012 to 2014, among 1,114 febrile participants, 52 (8.1%) and 57 (8.9%) of 641 participants with paired serology had Q fever and SFGR, respectively. Adjusted annual incidence estimates of Q fever and SFGR were 56 (uncertainty range, 24–163) and 75 (uncertainty range, 34–176) per 100,000 persons, respectively. We found substantial incidences of acute Q fever and SFGR in northern Tanzania during both study periods. To our knowledge, these are the first incidence estimates of either disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Our findings suggest that control measures for these infections warrant consideration.

Published
2020

46. Bartonella species in blood of immunocompetent persons with animal and arthropod contact

Author

Breitschwerdt, Edward B., Maggi, Ricardo G., Duncan, Ashlee W., Nicholson, William L., Hegarty, Barbara C., and Woods, Christopher W.

Subjects
Diagnosis, Complications and side effects, Case studies, Health aspects, Arthropods -- Complications and side effects -- Case studies -- Health aspects, Bartonellosis -- Diagnosis -- Case studies -- Complications and side effects -- Health aspects, Infection -- Health aspects -- Case studies -- Diagnosis -- Complications and side effects, Verruga peruana -- Diagnosis -- Case studies -- Complications and side effects -- Health aspects, Arthropoda -- Complications and side effects -- Case studies -- Health aspects
Abstract

Using PCR in conjunction with pre-enrichment culture, we detected Bartonella henselae and B. vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii in the blood of 14 immunocompetent persons who had frequent animal contact and arthropod [...]

Published
2007

47. Fatal hemorrhagic fever caused by West Nile virus in the United States

Author

Paddock, Christopher D., Nicholson, William L., Bhatnagar, Julu, Goldsmith, Cynthia S., Greer, Patricia W., Hayes, Edward B., Risko, Joseph A., Henderson, Corey, Blackmore, Carina G., Lanciotti, Robert S., Campbell, Grant L., and Zaki, Sherif R.

Subjects
Hemorrhagic fever -- Causes of, West Nile fever -- Development and progression, Health, Health care industry
Published
2006

48. Scrub typhus, Republic of Palau

Author

Demma, Linda J., McQuiston, Jennifer H., Nicholson, William L., Murphy, Staci M., Marumoto, Pearl, Sengebau-Kingzio, J. Maireng, Kuartei, Stevenson, Durand, A. Mark, and Swerdlow, David L.

Subjects
Development and progression, Scrub typhus -- Development and progression
Abstract

Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is a severe febrile illness transmitted to humans by trombiculid mites, which normally feed on rodents. The first known outbreak of scrub typhus in [...]

Published
2006

49. Rocky Mountain spotted fever from an unexpected tick vector in Arizona

Author

Demma, Linda J., Traeger, Marc S., Nicholson, William L., Paddock, Christopher D., Blau, Dianna M., Zaki, Sherif R., Singleton, Joseph, Jr., Levin, Michael L., Dasch, Gregory A., Eremeeva, Marina E., Cheek, James E., Swerdlow, David L., and McQuiston, Jennifer H.

Subjects
Tick-borne diseases -- Research, Tick-borne diseases -- Development and progression, Rocky Mountain spotted fever -- Research, Rocky Mountain spotted fever -- Development and progression
Abstract

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a life-threatening, tick-borne disease caused by Rickettsia rickettsii and a focus of Rocky Mountain spotted fever was investigated in rural eastern Arizona. The investigation documents the presence of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in eastern Arizona, with common brown dog ticks implicated as a vector of R. rickettsii.

Published
2005

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