Search

title RIASSUNTO /title Brevi cenni dedicati alla situazione manifatturiera chimica in Italia prima dell'Unit. Nel panorama generale socio-economico si mette l'accento sulle caratteristiche dell'industria chimica e sulla mancanza di una coscienza chimica necessaria ad un decollo adeguato.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hemophiliacs who received nonvirucidally treated large-pool clotting factor concentrates before 1986. In fact, although many hemophiliacs infected with HCV have a slow progression of liver disease, in a minority of them hepatitis evolves toward end-stage liver disease and hepatocarcinoma. Moreover, a significant percentage of HCV-infected hemophiliacs were also coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which can accelerate the progression of liver disease. Thus, the aim of anti-HCV therapy is to interrupt the chronic infection in order to prevent the progression of hepatitis to cirrhosis, liver decompensation, cancer and, ultimately, death. In this review we present the literature data on anti-HCV treatment in hemophiliacs. Combination therapy with interferon (IFN) and ribavirin has improved the poor results obtained with IFN monotherapy and has become the standard treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Given the positive results obtained with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin in nonhemophiliacs, ongoing trials are evaluating this promising therapy in HCV-chronically infected hemophilic patients; preliminary results show a sustained response rate similar to that in patients without coagulopathy. Finally, based on the encouraging results in coinfected nonhemophiliacs, anti-HCV treatment should also be considered for those HIV-positive hemophiliacs in whom anti-retroviral treatment has stabilized the HIV infection. Am. J. Hematol., 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

The historical development of paper chromatography is reviewed from the work of Runge up to the contribution of Tswett. The type of support, the path of substances and the forces responsible for the phenomenon are discussed in detail.

We have examined and identified the 38 samples contained in the glass bottles and glass jars preserved in the Grand Duke Leopold's workbench, located at the Museum of History of Science in Florence, Italy. Many of the samples were coloring materials, some were of medicinal interest, others were connected with the industrial development of Tuscany of that time (1765-1790), such as materials for pencils, boric acid, soil improvement, colored glass manufacture, and metal extractions.

These demonstrations are based on the historical experiments that established our understanding of semipermeability and osmosis.