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Xiangbo Zeng,1,2,* Dingrui Nie,1,3,* Zhen Liu,2 Xueting Peng,1 Xianfeng Wang,1 Kangjie Qiu,1 Shuxin Zhong,1 Ziwei Liao,4 Xianfeng Zha,1,5 Yangqiu Li,1,2 Chengwu Zeng1 1Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People’s Republic of China; 4Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yangqiu Li; Chengwu Zeng, Jinan University, No. 601, West Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China, Email yangqiuli@hotmail.com; bio-zcw@163.comIntroduction: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a malignant hematological disease with limited targeted therapy options. Overexpression of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11B is frequently observed in T-ALL and contributes to leukemogenesis. Knockdown of BCL11B inhibits T-ALL cell proliferation and induces apoptosis, making it a potential therapeutic target. However, the clinical application of siRNA therapies is hindered by challenges such as poor delivery efficiency and limited clinical outcomes.Methods: We developed a targeted delivery system for BCL11B siRNA (siBCL11B) using generation 5 polyamidoamine (G5-PAMAM) dendrimers conjugated with the sgc8 aptamer, which specifically binds to the T-ALL cell membrane protein PTK7. This nanoparticle, designated G5-sgc8-siBCL11B, was designed to selectively deliver siRNA to T-ALL cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate its therapeutic efficacy and safety.Results: We demonstrate that sgc8-conjugated siBCL11B nanoparticles selectively and efficiently target BCL11B-overexpressing T-ALL cells, significantly inhibiting cell viability and promoting apoptosis while exhibiting minimal impact on the viability of normal T cells. In T-ALL mouse model studies, G5-sgc8-siBCL11B and G5-siBCL11B significantly inhibited the progression of T-ALL in vivo, extending the survival of mice compared to the control (CTR), G5, and G5-sgc8 groups. Although there was no significant difference in survival between the G5-sgc8-siBCL11B and G5-siBCL11B groups, a trend towards improved survival was observed (p = 0.0993).Conclusion: The G5-sgc8-siBCL11B nanoparticle system demonstrated efficient delivery and significant therapeutic efficacy, highlighting its potential as a promising novel approach for the treatment of T-ALL.Keywords: BCL11B, T-ALL, aptamer, sgc8, siBCL11B, PAMAM

Di Nie,1,2,&ast; Haozhi Ma,1,2,&ast; Guosheng Huang,1 Tianzeng Zhao,1 Wenxian Li1 1Thoracic Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, People’s Republic of China; 2Graduate Division Department, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Chian&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wenxian Li, Thoracic Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-15565269994, Email 838525809@qq.comPurpose: This study aimed to examine the KAP of physicians regarding targeted drug therapy for lung cancer in China.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled physicians working in hospitals in Nanyang. A self-administered questionnaire was developed (Cronbach’s α=0.912) to collect the demographic information and KAP.Results: This study included 191 valid questionnaires. Most participants were male (70.2%) and aged 36– 50 (55.5%). The median knowledge score was 29 (24– 31) (/36, 80.6%), the mean attitude score was 42 (39– 44) (/50, 84.0%), and the mean practice score was 28 (26– 29) (/30, 93.3%), indicating sufficient knowledge, positive attitudes, and proactive practice. The female gender (OR=5.291, 95% CI: 1.426– 19.634, P=0.013), working in non-public tertiary hospitals (OR=0.053, 95% CI: 0.008– 0.360, P=0.003), and working in medical oncology (OR=10.764, 95% CI: 2.638– 43.922, P=0.001) were independently associated with adequate knowledge. Only the knowledge scores (OR=1.121, 95% CI: 1.036– 1.212, P=0.004) were independently associated with a positive attitude. Only the attitude scores (OR=1.895, 95% CI: 1.333– 2.694, P< 0.001) were independently associated with proactive practice.Conclusion: Physicians working in thoracic surgery, respiratory medicine, or medical oncology displayed sufficient knowledge, positive attitude, and proactive practice toward targeted therapy for lung cancer.Keywords: knowledge, attitude, practice, lung cancer, targeted therapy, physician

Xuefeng Bian,1,&ast; Ting Guo,2,&ast; Guojie Chen,2,&ast; Dengyun Nie,2 Miao Yue,2 Yinxing Zhu,2 Mei Lin3 1Imaging Department, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Medical Laboratory, The Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Mei Lin; Yinxing Zhu, Email trylm@ntu.edu.cn; lzp_zyx@163.comPurpose: This study aimed to construct targeting drug-loading nanocomposites (FA-FePt/DDP nanoliposomes) to explore their potential in ovarian cancer therapy and molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MMRI).Methods: FA-FePt-NPs were prepared by coupling folate (FA) with polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-coated ferroplatinum nanoparticles and characterized. Then cisplatin (DDP) was encapsulated in FA-FePt-NPs to synthesize FA-PEG-FePt/DDP nanoliposomes by thin film-ultrasonic method and high-speed stirring, of which MMRI potential, magnetothermal effect, and the other involved performance were analyzed. The therapeutic effect of FA-FePt/DDP nanoliposomes combined with magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) on ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo was evaluated. The expression levels of Bax and epithelial–mesenchymal transition related proteins were detected. The biosafety was also preliminarily observed.Results: The average diameter of FA-FePt-NPs was about 30 nm, FA-FePt/DDP nanoliposomes were about 70 nm in hydrated particle size, with drug slow-release and good cell-specific targeted uptake. In an alternating magnetic field (AMF), FA-FePt/DDP nanoliposomes could rapidly reach the ideal tumor hyperthermia temperature (42~44 °C). MRI scan showed that FA-FePt-NPs and FA-FePt/DDP nanoliposomes both could suppress the T2 signal, indicating a good potential for MMRI. The in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that FA-FePt/DDP-NPs in AMF could effectively inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, and inducing cancer cell apoptosis, much better than that of the other individual therapies; molecularly, E-cadherin and Bax proteins in ovarian cancer cells and tissues were significantly increased, while N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Bcl-2 proteins were inhibited, effectively inhibiting the malignant progression of ovarian cancer. In addition, no significant pathological injury and dysfunction was observed in major visceras.Conclusion: We successfully synthesized FA-FePt/DDP nanoliposomes and confirmed their good thermochemotherapeutic effect in AMF and MMRI potential on ovarian cancer, with no obvious side effects, providing a favorable strategy of integrated targeting therapy and diagnosis for ovarian cancer.Keywords: iron–platinum magnetic nanoparticles, ovarian cancer, DDP, molecular magnetic resonance imaging, folate

Ting Wen Yi Hu,1 Dan Nie,1,2 Jin Hai Gou,1,3 Zheng Yu Li1,3 1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 3The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China Background: Computed tomography (CT) has been extensively used in predicting suboptimal cytoreduction (SCR) in advanced ovarian cancer (OC). However, disagreements remain in literatures on the predictive value of CT findings for SCR. This meta-analysis was designed to determine the ability of eight preoperative CT findings to predict SCR in advanced OC. Materials and methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted for eligible studies to identify the association between the eight preoperative CT findings and SCR in advanced OC. The predictive performances of preoperative CT findings were expressed in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) with pooled proportion. Results: A total of 10 studies and 1,614 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Large volume ascites had the highest sensitivity (64%, CI 56–71%), with a PLR of 1.3 (CI 1.1–1.5) and an NLR of 0.73 (0.59–0.90), while lymph node involvement had the highest specificity (89%, CI 79–94%). The highest DOR of 3 (CI 2–4) was achieved in peritoneal involvement and large bowel mesentery involvement. The other CT findings had poorer predictive performance. Conclusion: Preoperative CT findings have a poor discriminative capacity to predict SCR in advanced OC. Preoperative CT predictors should be used with caution amid clinical decision-making. Keywords: computed tomography, suboptimal cytoreduction, ovarian cancer, meta-analysis, predict

The power industry has been dedicated to applying virtual reality (VR) technology to build training systems in virtual environments, enabling personnel to complete skill training in real simulated environments while ensuring their safety. Conventional action scoring systems struggle to provide accurate scores for fine movements. Accurate scoring of fine movements can help workers identify their shortcomings during power operations, thus improving learning efficiency. This is of great significance for training on virtual environmentbased power operation. This paper proposes a power operationorientated VR action evaluation method based on the Gaussian distance-improved dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm and the temporal convolutional network (TCN) model. First, the adaptive adapter is used to extract one-dimensional features from the three-dimensional data of the data gloves. Then, based on the TCN model, action data with significant discrepancies are filtered out. Finally, the obtained data are input into the Gaussian distance-improved DTW algorithm, where the path size is calculated. Corresponding scoring criteria are established on the basis of the path size to evaluate the actions. The results demonstrate that the VR action evaluation method based on the Gaussian distance-improved DTW algorithm and the TCN model significantly improves the accuracy of evaluating fine movements compared to traditional evaluation algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Isoprene is usually the dominant natural volatile organic compound emission from forest ecosystems, especially those with a major broadleaf deciduous component. Here we report isoprene emission model performance versus leaf and canopy level isoprene emission measurements made at the Duke University Research Forest near Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Emission factors, light and temperature response, canopy environment models, foliar mass, leaf area, and canopy level isoprene emission were evaluated in the field and compared with model estimates. Model components performed reasonably well and generally yielded estimates within 20% of values measured at the site. However, measured emission factors were much higher in early summer following an unusually dry spring. These decreased later in the summer but remained higher than values currently used in emission models. There was also a pronounced decline in basal emission rates in lower portions of the canopy which could not be entirely explained by decreasing specific leaf weight. Foliar biomass estimates by genera using basal area ratios adjusted for crown form were in excellent agreement with values measured by litterfall. Overall, the stand level isoprene emissions determined by relaxed eddy accumulation techniques agreed reasonably well with those predicted by the model, although there is some evidence for underprediction at ambient temperatures approaching 30°C, and overprediction during October as the canopy foliage senesced. A "Big Leaf" model considers the canopy as a single multispecies layer and expresses isoprene emission as a function of leaf area rather than mass. This simple model performs nearly as well as the other biomass-based models. We speculate that seasonal water balance may impact isoprene emission. Possible improvements to the canopy environment model and other components are discussed.

We report a quantum well intermixing technique based on Ar plasma induced damage on both GaAs- and InP-based materials with single-step multiple band gap creation across a substrate. A quantum well structure with multiplewidths serves as a sensitive tool to probe the damage created by Ar plasma. The analysis reveals that the surface defects were created up to a certain depth and propagated deeper into the material upon subsequent annealing. A simple and reliable way to obtain a controlled multiple band gap was achieved by using the spatial defect modulated intermixing. Eight band gap levels were realized across a single chip of quantum well laser structure with a linear relationship to the fraction of the open area under plasma exposure. This simple approach can be implemented at a postgrowth level to a wide range of material systems to achieve multiple band gaps, suitable for photonic integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intermixing in an undoped InGaAsP/InP quantum well structure enhanced by near-surface defects generated using inductively coupled argon plasma is temperature dependent. The group III sublattice interdiffusion can be four times as fast as that of the group V sublattice for the annealing temperature lower than 600 °C, and a maximum band gap redshift of 50 nm is obtained in experiment. Blueshift is obtained at 700 °C when the group V sublattice interdiffusion becomes appreciable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]