Search

This paper examines the relationship between study-related working experience or internship and early career outcomes of higher education graduates in eight European countries. The objective is to test the hypothesis that the odds of getting a first job upon graduation are increased by having study related work experience or internship during the studies. The hypothesis was drawn on the theoretical perspectives of the human capital theory and built on previous research on work-based learning experienced through internship and integrated in the curriculum. The results off the odds ratio analysis, applied on the whole sample and separately on each country participating in the EUROGRADUATE 2019 pilot survey, support the hypothesis.

In this paper, the object of consideration is a small company and as a subject and goal is to explore an effective model of introducing and maintaining public relations. In this sense, the methods of analysis and synthesis, ie induction and deduction, as well as abstraction and modeling, have been applied. First, the basic characteristics of small businesses are explored and identified, especially in globalized and dynamic market conditions. The researched data indicate a large participation of small enterprises in terms of employment and social product creation, but also their participation in the dynamization of the national economy. Special attention is paid to public relations and it starts from the scientific assumption that in small companies it is not only a marketing but also a managerial activity. This claim is based on the fact that a small business manager is usually the sole or predominant owner as he performs most of the creative and executive activities in running the business. In that sense, research has been done that has shown that public relations has a broader and more important function and not sales promotion. In addition, the goal is to research the model of introducing and maintaining public relations and defining the process of activities at the lowest possible cost. Therefore, the second hypothesis implies that the development of information technologies enables the setting up of a public relations process via the Internet with the aim of cost and time efficiency. Using scientific methods, IT opportunities provided by new technologies such as portals, blogs, forums, video conferencing and social networks were explored.

Over the years, EU funds have had a strong impact on the regional development of beneficiary countries. The best example is the recent economic crisis that has gripped the vast majority of European and other countries, which has drastically reduced investment and led to falling standards in those countries. Poland, as a country that has directed all its resources to the use of available funds through development projects, managed to avoid the crisis, as one of the few countries, and had a slight GDP growth. An example that other countries should certainly follow and proof that EU funds can truly lead a beneficiary country towards sustainable growth and development. In order to reduce regional inequalities, the EU has at its disposal the instruments of the European Structural and Investment Fund through which the projects of individual countries are financed. Not every country is equally prepared and does not have the same absorption capacity to realize the funds, and it is necessary to invest in the development of operational and financial capacities to facilitate the process.