Search

Your search keyword '"Nilsen, Thomas S"' showing total 37 results
Start Over Author "Nilsen, Thomas S"

Refine your results

more »

more »

more »

more »

more »
37 results on '"Nilsen, Thomas S"'

1. Smoking remains associated with education after controlling for social background and genetic factors in a study of 18 twin cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, Piirtola, Maarit, Jelenkovic, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Tarnoki, Adam D, Tarnoki, David L, Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Tomizawa, Rie, Watanabe, Mikio, Sakai, Norio, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Soo Ji, Sung, Joohon, Franz, Carol E, Kremen, William S, Lyons, Michael J, Derom, Catherine A, Vlietinck, Robert F, Loos, Ruth JF, Tynelius, Per, Rasmussen, Finn, Martin, Nicholas G, Medland, Sarah E, Montgomery, Grant W, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S, Harris, Jennifer R, Tyler, Jessica, Hopper, John L, Magnusson, Patrik KE, Pedersen, Nancy L, Dahl Aslan, Anna K, Ordoñana, Juan R, Sánchez-Romera, Juan F, Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Rebato, Esther, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Tan, Qihua, Silberg, Judy L, Maes, Hermine H, Boomsma, Dorret I, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, Korhonen, Tellervo, and Kaprio, Jaakko

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Pediatric, Tobacco, Tobacco Smoke and Health, Genetics, Quality Education, Child, Educational Status, Humans, Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Monozygotic
Abstract

We tested the causality between education and smoking using the natural experiment of discordant twin pairs allowing to optimally control for background genetic and childhood social factors. Data from 18 cohorts including 10,527 monozygotic (MZ) and same-sex dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs discordant for education and smoking were analyzed by linear fixed effects regression models. Within twin pairs, education levels were lower among the currently smoking than among the never smoking co-twins and this education difference was larger within DZ than MZ pairs. Similarly, education levels were higher among former smoking than among currently smoking co-twins, and this difference was larger within DZ pairs. Our results support the hypothesis of a causal effect of education on both current smoking status and smoking cessation. However, the even greater intra-pair differences within DZ pairs, who share only 50% of their segregating genes, provide evidence that shared genetic factors also contribute to these associations.

Published
2022

2. Genetic and environmental influences on human height from infancy through adulthood at different levels of parental education

Author

Jelenkovic, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Latvala, Antti, Sugawara, Masumi, Tanaka, Mami, Matsumoto, Satoko, Freitas, Duarte L, Maia, José Antonio, Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rebato, Esther, Saudino, Kimberly J, Cutler, Tessa L, Hopper, John L, Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Magnusson, Patrik KE, Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E, Mack, Thomas M, Nelson, Tracy L, Whitfield, Keith E, Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Llewellyn, Clare H, Fisher, Abigail, Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Baker, Laura A, Tuvblad, Catherine, Corley, Robin P, Huibregtse, Brooke M, Derom, Catherine A, Vlietinck, Robert F, Loos, Ruth JF, Burt, S Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L, Silberg, Judy L, Maes, Hermine H, Krueger, Robert F, McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A, Harris, Jennifer R, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S, Harden, K Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M, Franz, Carol E, Kremen, William S, Lyons, Michael J, Lichtenstein, Paul, Bartels, Meike, Beijsterveldt, Catharina EM van, Willemsen, Gonneke, Öncel, Sevgi Y, Aliev, Fazil, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Turkheimer, Eric, Boomsma, Dorret I, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, Kaprio, Jaakko, and Silventoinen, Karri

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Health Sciences, Psychology, Pediatric, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Quality Education, Adolescent, Adult, Body Height, Child, Child, Preschool, Environment, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Background, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Parenting, Parents, Quantitative Trait Loci, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Young Adult
Abstract

Genetic factors explain a major proportion of human height variation, but differences in mean stature have also been found between socio-economic categories suggesting a possible effect of environment. By utilizing a classical twin design which allows decomposing the variation of height into genetic and environmental components, we tested the hypothesis that environmental variation in height is greater in offspring of lower educated parents. Twin data from 29 cohorts including 65,978 complete twin pairs with information on height at ages 1 to 69 years and on parental education were pooled allowing the analyses at different ages and in three geographic-cultural regions (Europe, North America and Australia, and East Asia). Parental education mostly showed a positive association with offspring height, with significant associations in mid-childhood and from adolescence onwards. In variance decomposition modeling, the genetic and environmental variance components of height did not show a consistent relation to parental education. A random-effects meta-regression analysis of the aggregate-level data showed a trend towards greater shared environmental variation of height in low parental education families. In conclusion, in our very large dataset from twin cohorts around the globe, these results provide only weak evidence for the study hypothesis.

Published
2020

5. Association between birth weight and educational attainment : an individual-based pooled analysis of nine twin cohorts

Author

Jelenkovic, Aline, Mikkonen, Janne, Martikainen, Pekka, Latvala, Antti, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sund, Reijo, Vuoksimaa, Eero, Rebato, Esther, Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Stazi, Maria A, Fagnani, Corrado, Brescianini, Sonia, Derom, Catherine A, Vlietinck, Robert F, Loos, Ruth J F, Krueger, Robert F, McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Nelson, Tracy L, Whitfield, Keith E, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S, Harris, Jennifer R, Cutler, Tessa L, Hopper, John L, Tarnoki, Adam D, Tarnoki, David L, Sørensen, Thorkild I A, Kaprio, Jaakko, and Silventoinen, Karri

Published
2018

7. Differences in genetic and environmental variation in adult BMI by sex, age, time period, and region: an individual-based pooled analysis of 40 twin cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E, Mack, Thomas M, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Iwatani, Yoshinori, Watanabe, Mikio, Tomizawa, Rie, Pietiläinen, Kirsi H, Rissanen, Aila, Siribaddana, Sisira H, Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Piirtola, Maarit, Aaltonen, Sari, Öncel, Sevgi Y, Aliev, Fazil, Rebato, Esther, Hjelmborg, Jacob B, Christensen, Kaare, Skytthe, Axel, Kyvik, Kirsten O, Silberg, Judy L, Eaves, Lindon J, Cutler, Tessa L, Ordoñana, Juan R, Sánchez-Romera, Juan F, Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Song, Yun-Mi, Yang, Sarah, Lee, Kayoung, Franz, Carol E, Kremen, William S, Lyons, Michael J, Busjahn, Andreas, Nelson, Tracy L, Whitfield, Keith E, Kandler, Christian, Jang, Kerry L, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A, Stazi, Maria A, Fagnani, Corrado, D’Ippolito, Cristina, Duncan, Glen E, Buchwald, Dedra, Martin, Nicholas G, Medland, Sarah E, Montgomery, Grant W, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Swan, Gary E, Krasnow, Ruth, Magnusson, Patrik KE, Pedersen, Nancy L, Dahl Aslan, Anna K, McAdams, Tom A, Eley, Thalia C, Gregory, Alice M, Tynelius, Per, Baker, Laura A, Tuvblad, Catherine, Bayasgalan, Gombojav, Narandalai, Danshiitsoodol, Spector, Timothy D, Mangino, Massimo, Lachance, Genevieve, Burt, S Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L, Harris, Jennifer R, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S, Krueger, Robert F, McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Corley, Robin P, Huibregtse, Brooke M, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina EM, Willemsen, Gonneke, Goldberg, Jack H, Rasmussen, Finn, Tarnoki, Adam D, Tarnoki, David L, Derom, Catherine A, Vlietinck, Robert F, Loos, Ruth JF, Hopper, John L, Sung, Joohon, Maes, Hermine H, Turkheimer, Eric, Boomsma, Dorret I, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, and Kaprio, Jaakko

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Smoking remains associated with education after controlling for social background and genetic factors in a study of 18 twin cohorts

Author

Genética, antropología física y fisiología animal, Genetika,antropologia fisikoa eta animalien fisiologia, Silventoinen, Karri, Piirtola, Maarit, Jelenkovic Moreno, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Tomizawa, Rie, Watanabe, Mikio, Sakai, Norio, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Sung, Joohon, Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Tynelius, Per, Rasmussen, Finn, Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harris, Jennifer R., Tyler, Jessica, Hopper, John L., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Ordoñana Martín, Juan Ramón, Sánchez Romera, Juan Francisco, Colodro Conde, Lucía, Rebato Ochoa, Esther Matilde, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Tan, Qihua, Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Boomsma, Dorret I., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Korhonen, Tellervo, Kaprio, Jaakko, Genética, antropología física y fisiología animal, Genetika,antropologia fisikoa eta animalien fisiologia, Silventoinen, Karri, Piirtola, Maarit, Jelenkovic Moreno, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Tomizawa, Rie, Watanabe, Mikio, Sakai, Norio, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Sung, Joohon, Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Tynelius, Per, Rasmussen, Finn, Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harris, Jennifer R., Tyler, Jessica, Hopper, John L., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Ordoñana Martín, Juan Ramón, Sánchez Romera, Juan Francisco, Colodro Conde, Lucía, Rebato Ochoa, Esther Matilde, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Tan, Qihua, Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Boomsma, Dorret I., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Korhonen, Tellervo, and Kaprio, Jaakko

Abstract

We tested the causality between education and smoking using the natural experiment of discordant twin pairs allowing to optimally control for background genetic and childhood social factors. Data from 18 cohorts including 10,527 monozygotic (MZ) and same-sex dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs discordant for education and smoking were analyzed by linear fixed effects regression models. Within twin pairs, education levels were lower among the currently smoking than among the never smoking co-twins and this education difference was larger within DZ than MZ pairs. Similarly, education levels were higher among former smoking than among currently smoking co-twins, and this difference was larger within DZ pairs. Our results support the hypothesis of a causal effect of education on both current smoking status and smoking cessation. However, the even greater intra-pair differences within DZ pairs, who share only 50% of their segregating genes, provide evidence that shared genetic factors also contribute to these associations.

Published
2022

11. Parental education and genetics of body mass index from infancy to old age: a pooled analysis of 29 twin cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Latvala, Antti, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sund, Reijo, Sugawara, Masumi, Tanaka, Mami, Matsumoto, Satoko, Aaltonen, Sari, Piirtola, Maarit, Freitas, Duarte L, Maia, José A, Öncel, Sevgi Y, Aliev, Fazil, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rebato, Esther, Saudino, Kimberly J, Cutler, Tessa L, Hopper, John L, Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Magnusson, Patrik KE, Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E, Mack, Thomas M, Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina EM, Nelson, Tracy L, Whitfield, Keith E, Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Llewellyn, Clare H, Fisher, Abigail, Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Baker, Laura A, Tuvblad, Catherine, Corley, Robin P, Huibregtse, Brooke M, Derom, Catherine A, Vlietinck, Robert F, Loos, Ruth JF, Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Burt, S Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L, Silberg, Judy L, Maes, Hermine H, Krueger, Robert F, McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A, Harris, Jennifer R, Nilsen, Thomas S, Harden, K Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M, Franz, Carol E, Kremen, William S, Lyons, Michael J, Lichtenstein, Paul, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Boomsma, Dorret I, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, and Kaprio, Jaakko

Subjects
Adult, Male, Parents, Adolescent, parental education, Twins, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Infant, body mass index, Middle Aged, Article, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, Child, Preschool, Humans, genetics, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, international comparisons, Child, Aged
Abstract

Objective: To analyze how parental education modifies the genetic and environmental variances of body mass index (BMI) from infancy to old age in three geographic-cultural regions. Methods: A pooled sample of 29 cohorts including 143 499 twin individuals with information on parental education and BMI from 1 to 79 years (299 201 BMI measures) was analyzed by genetic twin modeling. Results: Until 4 years of age, parental education was not consistently associated with BMI. Thereafter, higher parental education was associated with lower BMI in males and females. Total and additive genetic variances of BMI were smaller in the offspring of highly educated parents than in those whose parents had low education. Especially in North American and Australian children, environmental factors shared by co-twins also contributed to the higher BMI variation in the low educational category. In Europe and East Asia, the associations of parental education with mean BMI and BMI variance were weaker than in North America and Australia. Conclusions: Lower parental education is associated with higher mean and larger genetic variance of BMI after early childhood, especially in the obesogenic macro-environment. The interplay between genetic predisposition, childhood social environment and macro-social context is important for socio-economic differences in BMI.

Published
2019

12. Genetic and environmental variation in educational attainment: an individual-based analysis of 28 twin cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, primary, Jelenkovic, Aline, additional, Sund, Reijo, additional, Latvala, Antti, additional, Honda, Chika, additional, Inui, Fujio, additional, Tomizawa, Rie, additional, Watanabe, Mikio, additional, Sakai, Norio, additional, Rebato, Esther, additional, Busjahn, Andreas, additional, Tyler, Jessica, additional, Hopper, John L., additional, Ordoñana, Juan R., additional, Sánchez-Romera, Juan F., additional, Colodro-Conde, Lucia, additional, Calais-Ferreira, Lucas, additional, Oliveira, Vinicius C., additional, Ferreira, Paulo H., additional, Medda, Emanuela, additional, Nisticò, Lorenza, additional, Toccaceli, Virgilia, additional, Derom, Catherine A., additional, Vlietinck, Robert F., additional, Loos, Ruth J. F., additional, Siribaddana, Sisira H., additional, Hotopf, Matthew, additional, Sumathipala, Athula, additional, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, additional, Duncan, Glen E., additional, Buchwald, Dedra, additional, Tynelius, Per, additional, Rasmussen, Finn, additional, Tan, Qihua, additional, Zhang, Dongfeng, additional, Pang, Zengchang, additional, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., additional, Pedersen, Nancy L., additional, Dahl Aslan, Anna K., additional, Hwang, Amie E., additional, Mack, Thomas M., additional, Krueger, Robert F., additional, McGue, Matt, additional, Pahlen, Shandell, additional, Brandt, Ingunn, additional, Nilsen, Thomas S., additional, Harris, Jennifer R., additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, Medland, Sarah E., additional, Montgomery, Grant W., additional, Willemsen, Gonneke, additional, Bartels, Meike, additional, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., additional, Franz, Carol E., additional, Kremen, William S., additional, Lyons, Michael J., additional, Silberg, Judy L., additional, Maes, Hermine H., additional, Kandler, Christian, additional, Nelson, Tracy L., additional, Whitfield, Keith E., additional, Corley, Robin P., additional, Huibregtse, Brooke M., additional, Gatz, Margaret, additional, Butler, David A., additional, Tarnoki, Adam D., additional, Tarnoki, David L., additional, Park, Hang A., additional, Lee, Jooyeon, additional, Lee, Soo Ji, additional, Sung, Joohon, additional, Yokoyama, Yoshie, additional, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., additional, Boomsma, Dorret I., additional, and Kaprio, Jaakko, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Genetic and environmental influences on human height from infancy through adulthood at different levels of parental education

Author

Fisiología, Genética, antropología física y fisiología animal, Fisiologia, Genetika,antropologia fisikoa eta animalien fisiologia, Jelenkovic Moreno, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Latvala, Antti, Sugawara, Masumi, Tanaka, Mami, Matsumoto, Satoko, Freitas, Duarte L., Maia, José Antonio, Knafo Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rebato Ochoa, Esther Matilde, Saudino, Kimberly J., Cutler, Tessa L., Hopper, John L., Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Llewellyn, Clare H., Fisher, Abigail, Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Baker, Laura A., Tuvblad, Catherine, Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Burt, S. Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L., Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Harris, Jennifer R., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harden, K. Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Lichtenstein, Paul, Bartels, Meike, Van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., Willemsen, Gonneke, Öncel, Sevgi Y., Aliev, Fazil, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Turkheimer, Eric, Boomsma, Dorret I., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Kaprio, Jaakko, Silventoinen, Karri, Fisiología, Genética, antropología física y fisiología animal, Fisiologia, Genetika,antropologia fisikoa eta animalien fisiologia, Jelenkovic Moreno, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Latvala, Antti, Sugawara, Masumi, Tanaka, Mami, Matsumoto, Satoko, Freitas, Duarte L., Maia, José Antonio, Knafo Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rebato Ochoa, Esther Matilde, Saudino, Kimberly J., Cutler, Tessa L., Hopper, John L., Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Llewellyn, Clare H., Fisher, Abigail, Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Baker, Laura A., Tuvblad, Catherine, Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Burt, S. Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L., Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Harris, Jennifer R., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harden, K. Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Lichtenstein, Paul, Bartels, Meike, Van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., Willemsen, Gonneke, Öncel, Sevgi Y., Aliev, Fazil, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Turkheimer, Eric, Boomsma, Dorret I., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Kaprio, Jaakko, and Silventoinen, Karri

Abstract

Genetic factors explain a major proportion of human height variation, but differences in mean stature have also been found between socio-economic categories suggesting a possible effect of environment. By utilizing a classical twin design which allows decomposing the variation of height into genetic and environmental components, we tested the hypothesis that environmental variation in height is greater in offspring of lower educated parents. Twin data from 29 cohorts including 65,978 complete twin pairs with information on height at ages 1 to 69 years and on parental education were pooled allowing the analyses at different ages and in three geographic-cultural regions (Europe, North America and Australia, and East Asia). Parental education mostly showed a positive association with offspring height, with significant associations in mid-childhood and from adolescence onwards. In variance decomposition modeling, the genetic and environmental variance components of height did not show a consistent relation to parental education. A random-effects meta-regression analysis of the aggregate-level data showed a trend towards greater shared environmental variation of height in low parental education families. In conclusion, in our very large dataset from twin cohorts around the globe, these results provide only weak evidence for the study hypothesis.

Published
2020

14. Genetic and environmental variation in educational attainment: an individual-based analysis of 28 twin cohorts

Author

Fisiología, Fisiologia, Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic Moreno, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Latvala, Antti, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Tomizawa, Rie, Watanabe, Mikio, Sakai, Norio, Rebato Ochoa, Esther Matilde, Busjahn, Andreas, Tyler, Jessica, Hopper, John L., Ordoñana Martín, Juan Ramón, Sánchez Romera, Juan Francisco, Colodro Conde, Lucía, Calais Ferreira, Lucas, Oliveira, Vinicius C., Ferreira, Pablo H., Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Siribaddana, Sisira H., Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Duncan, Glen E., Buchwald, Dedra, Tynelius, Per, Rasmussen, Finn, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harris, Jennifer R., Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, Van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Kandler, Christian, Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Park, Hang A., Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Soo Ji, Sung, Joohon, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Boomsma, Dorret I., Kaprio, Jaakko, Fisiología, Fisiologia, Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic Moreno, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Latvala, Antti, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Tomizawa, Rie, Watanabe, Mikio, Sakai, Norio, Rebato Ochoa, Esther Matilde, Busjahn, Andreas, Tyler, Jessica, Hopper, John L., Ordoñana Martín, Juan Ramón, Sánchez Romera, Juan Francisco, Colodro Conde, Lucía, Calais Ferreira, Lucas, Oliveira, Vinicius C., Ferreira, Pablo H., Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Siribaddana, Sisira H., Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Duncan, Glen E., Buchwald, Dedra, Tynelius, Per, Rasmussen, Finn, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harris, Jennifer R., Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, Van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Kandler, Christian, Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Park, Hang A., Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Soo Ji, Sung, Joohon, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Boomsma, Dorret I., and Kaprio, Jaakko

Abstract

We investigated the heritability of educational attainment and how it differed between birth cohorts and cultural-geographic regions. A classical twin design was applied to pooled data from 28 cohorts representing 16 countries and including 193,518 twins with information on educational attainment at 25 years of age or older. Genetic factors explained the major part of individual differences in educational attainment (heritability: a(2)=0.43; 0.41-0.44), but also environmental variation shared by co-twins was substantial (c(2)=0.31; 0.30-0.33). The proportions of educational variation explained by genetic and shared environmental factors did not differ between Europe, North America and Australia, and East Asia. When restricted to twins 30 years or older to confirm finalized education, the heritability was higher in the older cohorts born in 1900-1949 (a(2)=0.44; 0.41-0.46) than in the later cohorts born in 1950-1989 (a(2)=0.38; 0.36-0.40), with a corresponding lower influence of common environmental factors (c(2)=0.31; 0.29-0.33 and c(2)=0.34; 0.32-0.36, respectively). In conclusion, both genetic and environmental factors shared by co-twins have an important influence on individual differences in educational attainment. The effect of genetic factors on educational attainment has decreased from the cohorts born before to those born after the 1950s.

Published
2020

15. Genetic and environmental variation in educational attainment : an individual-based analysis of 28 twin cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Latvala, Antti, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Tomizawa, Rie, Watanabe, Mikio, Sakai, Norio, Rebato, Esther, Busjahn, Andreas, Tyler, Jessica, Hopper, John L., Ordoñana, Juan R., Sánchez-Romera, Juan F., Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Calais-Ferreira, Lucas, Oliveira, Vinicius C., Ferreira, Paulo H., Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Siribaddana, Sisira H., Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Duncan, Glen E., Buchwald, Dedra, Tynelius, Per, Rasmussen, Finn, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harris, Jennifer R., Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Kandler, Christian, Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Park, Hang A., Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Soo Ji, Sung, Joohon, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Boomsma, Dorret I., Kaprio, Jaakko, Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Latvala, Antti, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Tomizawa, Rie, Watanabe, Mikio, Sakai, Norio, Rebato, Esther, Busjahn, Andreas, Tyler, Jessica, Hopper, John L., Ordoñana, Juan R., Sánchez-Romera, Juan F., Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Calais-Ferreira, Lucas, Oliveira, Vinicius C., Ferreira, Paulo H., Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Siribaddana, Sisira H., Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Duncan, Glen E., Buchwald, Dedra, Tynelius, Per, Rasmussen, Finn, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harris, Jennifer R., Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Kandler, Christian, Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Park, Hang A., Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Soo Ji, Sung, Joohon, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Boomsma, Dorret I., and Kaprio, Jaakko

Abstract

We investigated the heritability of educational attainment and how it differed between birth cohorts and cultural–geographic regions. A classical twin design was applied to pooled data from 28 cohorts representing 16 countries and including 193,518 twins with information on educational attainment at 25 years of age or older. Genetic factors explained the major part of individual differences in educational attainment (heritability: a2 = 0.43; 0.41–0.44), but also environmental variation shared by co-twins was substantial (c2 = 0.31; 0.30–0.33). The proportions of educational variation explained by genetic and shared environmental factors did not differ between Europe, North America and Australia, and East Asia. When restricted to twins 30 years or older to confirm finalized education, the heritability was higher in the older cohorts born in 1900–1949 (a2 = 0.44; 0.41–0.46) than in the later cohorts born in 1950–1989 (a2 = 0.38; 0.36–0.40), with a corresponding lower influence of common environmental factors (c2 = 0.31; 0.29–0.33 and c2 = 0.34; 0.32–0.36, respectively). In conclusion, both genetic and environmental factors shared by co-twins have an important influence on individual differences in educational attainment. The effect of genetic factors on educational attainment has decreased from the cohorts born before to those born after the 1950s., CC BY 4.0

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Genetic and environmental variation in educational attainment:an individual-based analysis of 28 twin cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Latvala, Antti, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Tomizawa, Rie, Watanabe, Mikio, Sakai, Norio, Rebato, Esther, Busjahn, Andreas, Tyler, Jessica, Hopper, John L., Ordoñana, Juan R., Sánchez-Romera, Juan F., Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Calais-Ferreira, Lucas, Oliveira, Vinicius C., Ferreira, Paulo H., Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J.F., Siribaddana, Sisira H., Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Duncan, Glen E., Buchwald, Dedra, Tynelius, Per, Rasmussen, Finn, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Magnusson, Patrik K.E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harris, Jennifer R., Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E.M., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Kandler, Christian, Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Park, Hang A., Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Soo Ji, Sung, Joohon, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sørensen, Thorkild I.A., Boomsma, Dorret I., Kaprio, Jaakko, Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Latvala, Antti, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Tomizawa, Rie, Watanabe, Mikio, Sakai, Norio, Rebato, Esther, Busjahn, Andreas, Tyler, Jessica, Hopper, John L., Ordoñana, Juan R., Sánchez-Romera, Juan F., Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Calais-Ferreira, Lucas, Oliveira, Vinicius C., Ferreira, Paulo H., Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J.F., Siribaddana, Sisira H., Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Duncan, Glen E., Buchwald, Dedra, Tynelius, Per, Rasmussen, Finn, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Magnusson, Patrik K.E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Dahl Aslan, Anna K., Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harris, Jennifer R., Martin, Nicholas G., Medland, Sarah E., Montgomery, Grant W., Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E.M., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Kandler, Christian, Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Park, Hang A., Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Soo Ji, Sung, Joohon, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sørensen, Thorkild I.A., Boomsma, Dorret I., and Kaprio, Jaakko

Abstract

We investigated the heritability of educational attainment and how it differed between birth cohorts and cultural–geographic regions. A classical twin design was applied to pooled data from 28 cohorts representing 16 countries and including 193,518 twins with information on educational attainment at 25 years of age or older. Genetic factors explained the major part of individual differences in educational attainment (heritability: a2 = 0.43; 0.41–0.44), but also environmental variation shared by co-twins was substantial (c2 = 0.31; 0.30–0.33). The proportions of educational variation explained by genetic and shared environmental factors did not differ between Europe, North America and Australia, and East Asia. When restricted to twins 30 years or older to confirm finalized education, the heritability was higher in the older cohorts born in 1900–1949 (a2 = 0.44; 0.41–0.46) than in the later cohorts born in 1950–1989 (a2 = 0.38; 0.36–0.40), with a corresponding lower influence of common environmental factors (c2 = 0.31; 0.29–0.33 and c2 = 0.34; 0.32–0.36, respectively). In conclusion, both genetic and environmental factors shared by co-twins have an important influence on individual differences in educational attainment. The effect of genetic factors on educational attainment has decreased from the cohorts born before to those born after the 1950s.

Published
2020

17. Parental Education and Genetics of BMI from Infancy to Old Age: A Pooled Analysis of 29 Twin Cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, primary, Jelenkovic, Aline, additional, Latvala, Antti, additional, Yokoyama, Yoshie, additional, Sund, Reijo, additional, Sugawara, Masumi, additional, Tanaka, Mami, additional, Matsumoto, Satoko, additional, Aaltonen, Sari, additional, Piirtola, Maarit, additional, Freitas, Duarte L., additional, Maia, José A., additional, Öncel, Sevgi Y., additional, Aliev, Fazil, additional, Ji, Fuling, additional, Ning, Feng, additional, Pang, Zengchang, additional, Rebato, Esther, additional, Saudino, Kimberly J., additional, Cutler, Tessa L., additional, Hopper, John L., additional, Ullemar, Vilhelmina, additional, Almqvist, Catarina, additional, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., additional, Cozen, Wendy, additional, Hwang, Amie E., additional, Mack, Thomas M., additional, Willemsen, Gonneke, additional, Bartels, Meike, additional, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., additional, Nelson, Tracy L., additional, Whitfield, Keith E., additional, Sung, Joohon, additional, Kim, Jina, additional, Lee, Jooyeon, additional, Lee, Sooji, additional, Llewellyn, Clare H., additional, Fisher, Abigail, additional, Medda, Emanuela, additional, Nisticò, Lorenza, additional, Toccaceli, Virgilia, additional, Baker, Laura A., additional, Tuvblad, Catherine, additional, Corley, Robin P., additional, Huibregtse, Brooke M., additional, Derom, Catherine A., additional, Vlietinck, Robert F., additional, Loos, Ruth J. F., additional, Knafo‐Noam, Ariel, additional, Mankuta, David, additional, Abramson, Lior, additional, Burt, S. Alexandra, additional, Klump, Kelly L., additional, Silberg, Judy L., additional, Maes, Hermine H., additional, Krueger, Robert F., additional, McGue, Matt, additional, Pahlen, Shandell, additional, Gatz, Margaret, additional, Butler, David A., additional, Harris, Jennifer R., additional, Nilsen, Thomas S., additional, Harden, K. Paige, additional, Tucker‐Drob, Elliot M., additional, Franz, Carol E., additional, Kremen, William S., additional, Lyons, Michael J., additional, Lichtenstein, Paul, additional, Jeong, Hoe‐Uk, additional, Hur, Yoon‐Mi, additional, Boomsma, Dorret I., additional, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., additional, and Kaprio, Jaakko, additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Parental Education and Genetics of BMI from Infancy to Old Age: A Pooled Analysis of 29 Twin Cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Latvala, Antti, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sund, Reijo, Sugawara, Masumi, Tanaka, Mami, Matsumoto, Satoko, Aaltonen, Sari, Piirtola, Maarit, Freitas, Duarte L., Maia, José A., Öncel, Sevgi Y., Aliev, Fazil, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rebato, Esther, Saudino, Kimberly J., Cutler, Tessa L., Hopper, John L., Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Magnusson, Patrik K.E., Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E.M., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Llewellyn, Clare H., Fisher, Abigail, Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Baker, Laura A., Tuvblad, Catherine, Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J.F., Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Burt, S. Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L., Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Harris, Jennifer R., Nilsen, Thomas S., Harden, K. Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Lichtenstein, Paul, Jeong, Hoe Uk, Hur, Yoon Mi, Boomsma, Dorret I., Sørensen, Thorkild I.A., Kaprio, Jaakko, Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Latvala, Antti, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sund, Reijo, Sugawara, Masumi, Tanaka, Mami, Matsumoto, Satoko, Aaltonen, Sari, Piirtola, Maarit, Freitas, Duarte L., Maia, José A., Öncel, Sevgi Y., Aliev, Fazil, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rebato, Esther, Saudino, Kimberly J., Cutler, Tessa L., Hopper, John L., Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Magnusson, Patrik K.E., Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E.M., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Llewellyn, Clare H., Fisher, Abigail, Medda, Emanuela, Nisticò, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Baker, Laura A., Tuvblad, Catherine, Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J.F., Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Burt, S. Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L., Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Harris, Jennifer R., Nilsen, Thomas S., Harden, K. Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Lichtenstein, Paul, Jeong, Hoe Uk, Hur, Yoon Mi, Boomsma, Dorret I., Sørensen, Thorkild I.A., and Kaprio, Jaakko

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze how parental education modifies the genetic and environmental variances of BMI from infancy to old age in three geographic-cultural regions.METHODS: A pooled sample of 29 cohorts including 143,499 twin individuals with information on parental education and BMI from age 1 to 79 years (299,201 BMI measures) was analyzed by genetic twin modeling.RESULTS: Until 4 years of age, parental education was not consistently associated with BMI. Thereafter, higher parental education level was associated with lower BMI in males and females. Total and additive genetic variances of BMI were smaller in the offspring of highly educated parents than in those whose parents had low education levels. Especially in North American and Australian children, environmental factors shared by co-twins also contributed to the higher BMI variation in the low education level category. In Europe and East Asia, the associations of parental education with mean BMI and BMI variance were weaker than in North America and Australia.CONCLUSIONS: Lower parental education level is associated with higher mean BMI and larger genetic variance of BMI after early childhood, especially in the obesogenic macro-environment. The interplay among genetic predisposition, childhood social environment, and macro-social context is important for socioeconomic differences in BMI.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Parental Education and Genetics of BMI from Infancy to Old Age:A Pooled Analysis of 29 Twin Cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Latvala, Antti, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sund, Reijo, Sugawara, Masumi, Tanaka, Mami, Matsumoto, Satoko, Aaltonen, Sari, Piirtola, Maarit, Freitas, Duarte L., Maia, Jose A., Oncel, Sevgi Y., Aliev, Fazil, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rebato, Esther, Saudino, Kimberly J., Cutler, Tessa L., Hopper, John L., Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Llewellyn, Clare H., Fisher, Abigail, Medda, Emanuela, Nistico, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Baker, Laura A., Tuvblad, Catherine, Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Burt, S. Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L., Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Harris, Jennifer R., Nilsen, Thomas S., Harden, K. Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Lichtenstein, Paul, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Boomsma, Dorret I., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Kaprio, Jaakko, Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Latvala, Antti, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sund, Reijo, Sugawara, Masumi, Tanaka, Mami, Matsumoto, Satoko, Aaltonen, Sari, Piirtola, Maarit, Freitas, Duarte L., Maia, Jose A., Oncel, Sevgi Y., Aliev, Fazil, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rebato, Esther, Saudino, Kimberly J., Cutler, Tessa L., Hopper, John L., Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Llewellyn, Clare H., Fisher, Abigail, Medda, Emanuela, Nistico, Lorenza, Toccaceli, Virgilia, Baker, Laura A., Tuvblad, Catherine, Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Burt, S. Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L., Silberg, Judy L., Maes, Hermine H., Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Harris, Jennifer R., Nilsen, Thomas S., Harden, K. Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Lichtenstein, Paul, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Boomsma, Dorret I., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., and Kaprio, Jaakko

Published
2019

22. Genetic and environmental factors affecting birth size variation: a pooled individual-based analysis of secular trends and global geographical differences using 26 twin cohorts

Author

Yokoyama, Yoshie, primary, Jelenkovic, Aline, additional, Hur, Yoon-Mi, additional, Sund, Reijo, additional, Fagnani, Corrado, additional, Stazi, Maria A, additional, Brescianini, Sonia, additional, Ji, Fuling, additional, Ning, Feng, additional, Pang, Zengchang, additional, Knafo-Noam, Ariel, additional, Mankuta, David, additional, Abramson, Lior, additional, Rebato, Esther, additional, Hopper, John L, additional, Cutler, Tessa L, additional, Saudino, Kimberly J, additional, Nelson, Tracy L, additional, Whitfield, Keith E, additional, Corley, Robin P, additional, Huibregtse, Brooke M, additional, Derom, Catherine A, additional, Vlietinck, Robert F, additional, Loos, Ruth J F, additional, Llewellyn, Clare H, additional, Fisher, Abigail, additional, Bjerregaard-Andersen, Morten, additional, Beck-Nielsen, Henning, additional, Sodemann, Morten, additional, Krueger, Robert F, additional, McGue, Matt, additional, Pahlen, Shandell, additional, Bartels, Meike, additional, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E M, additional, Willemsen, Gonneke, additional, Harris, Jennifer R, additional, Brandt, Ingunn, additional, Nilsen, Thomas S, additional, Craig, Jeffrey M, additional, Saffery, Richard, additional, Dubois, Lise, additional, Boivin, Michel, additional, Brendgen, Mara, additional, Dionne, Ginette, additional, Vitaro, Frank, additional, Haworth, Claire M A, additional, Plomin, Robert, additional, Bayasgalan, Gombojav, additional, Narandalai, Danshiitsoodol, additional, Rasmussen, Finn, additional, Tynelius, Per, additional, Tarnoki, Adam D, additional, Tarnoki, David L, additional, Ooki, Syuichi, additional, Rose, Richard J, additional, Pietiläinen, Kirsi H, additional, Sørensen, Thorkild I A, additional, Boomsma, Dorret I, additional, Kaprio, Jaakko, additional, and Silventoinen, Karri, additional

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Genetic and environmental factors affecting birth size variation: A pooled individual-based analysis of secular trends and global geographical differences using 26 twin cohorts

Author

Yokoyama, Yoshie, Jelenkovic, Aline, Hur, Yoon Mi, Sund, Reijo, Fagnani, Corrado, Stazi, Maria A., Brescianini, Sonia, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Rebato, Esther, Hopper, John L., Cutler, Tessa L., Saudino, Kimberly J., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J.F., Llewellyn, Clare H., Fisher, Abigail, Bjerregaard-Andersen, Morten, Beck-Nielsen, Henning, Sodemann, Morten, Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Bartels, Meike, Van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E.M., Willemsen, Gonneke, Harris, Jennifer R., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Craig, Jeffrey M., Saffery, Richard, Dubois, Lise, Boivin, Michel, Brendgen, Mara, Dionne, Ginette, Vitaro, Frank, Haworth, Claire M.A., Plomin, Robert, Bayasgalan, Gombojav, Narandalai, Danshiitsoodol, Rasmussen, Finn, Tynelius, Per, Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Ooki, Syuichi, Rose, Richard J., Pietiläinen, Kirsi H., Sørensen, Thorkild I.A., Boomsma, Dorret I., Kaprio, Jaakko, Silventoinen, Karri, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Jelenkovic, Aline, Hur, Yoon Mi, Sund, Reijo, Fagnani, Corrado, Stazi, Maria A., Brescianini, Sonia, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Rebato, Esther, Hopper, John L., Cutler, Tessa L., Saudino, Kimberly J., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J.F., Llewellyn, Clare H., Fisher, Abigail, Bjerregaard-Andersen, Morten, Beck-Nielsen, Henning, Sodemann, Morten, Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Bartels, Meike, Van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E.M., Willemsen, Gonneke, Harris, Jennifer R., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Craig, Jeffrey M., Saffery, Richard, Dubois, Lise, Boivin, Michel, Brendgen, Mara, Dionne, Ginette, Vitaro, Frank, Haworth, Claire M.A., Plomin, Robert, Bayasgalan, Gombojav, Narandalai, Danshiitsoodol, Rasmussen, Finn, Tynelius, Per, Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Ooki, Syuichi, Rose, Richard J., Pietiläinen, Kirsi H., Sørensen, Thorkild I.A., Boomsma, Dorret I., Kaprio, Jaakko, and Silventoinen, Karri

Abstract

Background: The genetic architecture of birth size may differ geographically and over time. We examined differences in the genetic and environmental contributions to birthweight, length and ponderal index (PI) across geographical-cultural regions (Europe, North America and Australia, and East Asia) and across birth cohorts, and how gestational age modifies these effects. Methods: Data from 26 twin cohorts in 16 countries including 57 613 monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs were pooled. Genetic and environmental variations of birth size were estimated using genetic structural equation modelling. Results: The variance of birthweight and length was predominantly explained by shared environmental factors, whereas the variance of PI was explained both by shared and unique environmental factors. Genetic variance contributing to birth size was small. Adjusting for gestational age decreased the proportions of shared environmental variance and increased the propositions of unique environmental variance. Genetic variance was similar in the geographical-cultural regions, but shared environmental variance was smaller in East Asia than in Europe and North America and Australia. The total variance and shared environmental variance of birth length and PI were greater from the birth cohort 1990-99 onwards compared with the birth cohorts from 1970-79 to 1980-89. Conclusions: The contribution of genetic factors to birth size is smaller than that of shared environmental factors, which is partly explained by gestational age. Shared environmental variances of birth length and PI were greater in the latest birth cohorts and differed also across geographical-cultural regions. Shared environmental factors are important when explaining differences in the variation of birth size globally and over time.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Associations between birth size and later height from infancy through adulthood: an individual based pooled analysis of 28 twin cohorts participating in the CODATwins project

Author

Jelenkovic, Aline, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sund, Reijo, Hur, Yoon-Mir, Harris, Jennifer R., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Ooki, Syuichi, Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Saudino, Kimberley J., Stazi, Maria A., Fagnani, Corrado, Brescianini, Sonia, Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Craig, Jeffrey, Jelenkovic, Aline, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sund, Reijo, Hur, Yoon-Mir, Harris, Jennifer R., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Ooki, Syuichi, Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Saudino, Kimberley J., Stazi, Maria A., Fagnani, Corrado, Brescianini, Sonia, Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, and Craig, Jeffrey

Published
2018

25. Genetic and environmental factors affecting birth size variation:a pooled individual-based analysis of secular trends and global geographical differences using 26 twin cohorts

Author

Yokoyama, Yoshie, Jelenkovic, Aline, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Sund, Reijo, Fagnani, Corrado, Stazi, Maria A., Brescianini, Sonia, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Rebato, Esther, Hopper, John L., Cutler, Tessa L., Saudino, Kimberly J., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Llewellyn, Clare H., Fisher, Abigail, Bjerregaard-Andersen, Morten, Beck-Nielsen, Henning, Sodemann, Morten, Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., Willemsen, Gonneke, Harris, Jennifer R., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Craig, Jeffrey M., Saffery, Richard, Dubois, Lise, Boivin, Michel, Brendgen, Mara, Dionne, Ginette, Vitaro, Frank, Haworth, Claire M. A., Plomin, Robert, Bayasgalan, Gombojav, Narandalai, Danshiitsoodol, Rasmussen, Finn, Tynelius, Per, Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Ooki, Syuichi, Rose, Richard J., Pietilainen, Kirsi H., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Boomsma, Dorret I., Kaprio, Jaakko, Silventoinen, Karri, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Jelenkovic, Aline, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Sund, Reijo, Fagnani, Corrado, Stazi, Maria A., Brescianini, Sonia, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Rebato, Esther, Hopper, John L., Cutler, Tessa L., Saudino, Kimberly J., Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Llewellyn, Clare H., Fisher, Abigail, Bjerregaard-Andersen, Morten, Beck-Nielsen, Henning, Sodemann, Morten, Krueger, Robert F., McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., Willemsen, Gonneke, Harris, Jennifer R., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Craig, Jeffrey M., Saffery, Richard, Dubois, Lise, Boivin, Michel, Brendgen, Mara, Dionne, Ginette, Vitaro, Frank, Haworth, Claire M. A., Plomin, Robert, Bayasgalan, Gombojav, Narandalai, Danshiitsoodol, Rasmussen, Finn, Tynelius, Per, Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Ooki, Syuichi, Rose, Richard J., Pietilainen, Kirsi H., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Boomsma, Dorret I., Kaprio, Jaakko, and Silventoinen, Karri

Published
2018

26. Association between birth weight and educational attainment:an individual-based pooled analysis of nine twin cohorts

Author

Jelenkovic, Aline, Mikkonen, Janne, Martikainen, Pekka, Latvala, Antti, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sund, Reijo, Vuoksimaa, Eero, Rebato, Esther, Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Stazi, Maria A., Fagnani, Corrado, Brescianini, Sonia, Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Krueger, Robert F., Mcgue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harris, Jennifer R., Cutler, Tessa L., Hopper, John L., Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Sorensen, Thorkild I. A., Kaprio, Jaakko, Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Mikkonen, Janne, Martikainen, Pekka, Latvala, Antti, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Sund, Reijo, Vuoksimaa, Eero, Rebato, Esther, Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Stazi, Maria A., Fagnani, Corrado, Brescianini, Sonia, Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Krueger, Robert F., Mcgue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Harris, Jennifer R., Cutler, Tessa L., Hopper, John L., Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Sorensen, Thorkild I. A., Kaprio, Jaakko, and Silventoinen, Karri

Abstract

Background There is evidence that birth weight is positively associated with education, but it remains unclear whether this association is explained by familial environmental factors, genetic factors or the intrauterine environment. We analysed the association between birth weight and educational years within twin pairs, which controls for genetic factors and the environment shared between co-twins. Methods The data were derived from nine twin cohorts in eight countries including 6116 complete twin pairs. The association between birth weight and educational attainment was analysed both between individuals and within pairs using linear regression analyses. Results In between-individual analyses, birth weight was not associated with educational years. Within-pairs analyses revealed positive but modest associations for some sex, zygosity and birth year groups. The greatest association was found in dizygotic (DZ) men (0.65 educational years/kg birth weight, p=0.006); smaller effects of 0.3 educational years/kg birth weight were found within monozygotic (MZ) twins of both sexes and opposite-sex DZ twins. The magnitude of the associations differed by birth year in MZ women and opposite-sex DZ twins, showing a positive association in the 1915-1959 birth cohort but no association in the 1960-1984 birth cohort. Conclusion Although associations are weak and somewhat inconsistent, our results suggest that intrauterine environment may play a role when explaining the association between birth weight and educational attainment.

Published
2018

27. Education in Twins and Their Parents Across Birth Cohorts Over 100 years: An Individual-Level Pooled Analysis of 42-Twin Cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, primary, Jelenkovic, Aline, additional, Latvala, Antti, additional, Sund, Reijo, additional, Yokoyama, Yoshie, additional, Ullemar, Vilhelmina, additional, Almqvist, Catarina, additional, Derom, Catherine A., additional, Vlietinck, Robert F., additional, Loos, Ruth J. F., additional, Kandler, Christian, additional, Honda, Chika, additional, Inui, Fujio, additional, Iwatani, Yoshinori, additional, Watanabe, Mikio, additional, Rebato, Esther, additional, Stazi, Maria A., additional, Fagnani, Corrado, additional, Brescianini, Sonia, additional, Hur, Yoon-Mi, additional, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, additional, Cutler, Tessa L., additional, Hopper, John L., additional, Busjahn, Andreas, additional, Saudino, Kimberly J., additional, Ji, Fuling, additional, Ning, Feng, additional, Pang, Zengchang, additional, Rose, Richard J., additional, Koskenvuo, Markku, additional, Heikkilä, Kauko, additional, Cozen, Wendy, additional, Hwang, Amie E., additional, Mack, Thomas M., additional, Siribaddana, Sisira H., additional, Hotopf, Matthew, additional, Sumathipala, Athula, additional, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, additional, Sung, Joohon, additional, Kim, Jina, additional, Lee, Jooyeon, additional, Lee, Sooji, additional, Nelson, Tracy L., additional, Whitfield, Keith E., additional, Tan, Qihua, additional, Zhang, Dongfeng, additional, Llewellyn, Clare H., additional, Fisher, Abigail, additional, Burt, S. Alexandra, additional, Klump, Kelly L., additional, Knafo-Noam, Ariel, additional, Mankuta, David, additional, Abramson, Lior, additional, Medland, Sarah E., additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, Montgomery, Grant W., additional, Magnusson, Patrik K. E., additional, Pedersen, Nancy L., additional, Dahl Aslan, Anna K., additional, Corley, Robin P., additional, Huibregtse, Brooke M., additional, Öncel, Sevgi Y., additional, Aliev, Fazil, additional, Krueger, Robert F., additional, McGue, Matt, additional, Pahlen, Shandell, additional, Willemsen, Gonneke, additional, Bartels, Meike, additional, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., additional, Silberg, Judy L., additional, Eaves, Lindon J., additional, Maes, Hermine H., additional, Harris, Jennifer R., additional, Brandt, Ingunn, additional, Nilsen, Thomas S., additional, Rasmussen, Finn, additional, Tynelius, Per, additional, Baker, Laura A., additional, Tuvblad, Catherine, additional, Ordoñana, Juan R., additional, Sánchez-Romera, Juan F., additional, Colodro-Conde, Lucia, additional, Gatz, Margaret, additional, Butler, David A., additional, Lichtenstein, Paul, additional, Goldberg, Jack H., additional, Harden, K. Paige, additional, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M., additional, Duncan, Glen E., additional, Buchwald, Dedra, additional, Tarnoki, Adam D., additional, Tarnoki, David L., additional, Franz, Carol E., additional, Kremen, William S., additional, Lyons, Michael J., additional, Maia, José A., additional, Freitas, Duarte L., additional, Turkheimer, Eric, additional, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., additional, Boomsma, Dorret I., additional, and Kaprio, Jaakko, additional

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Education in twins and their parents across birth cohorts over 100 years : an individual-level pooled analysis of 42 twin cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Latvala, Antti, Sund, Reijo, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Derom, Catherine A, Vlietinck, Robert F, Loos, Ruth J F, Kandler, Christian, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Iwatani, Yoshinori, Watanabe, Mikio, Rebato, Esther, Stazi, Maria A, Fagnani, Corrado, Brescianini, Sonia, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Cutler, Tessa L, Hopper, John L, Busjahn, Andreas, Saudino, Kimberly J, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rose, Richard J, Koskenvuo, Markku, Heikkilae, Kauko, Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E, Mack, Thomas M, Siribaddana, Sisira H, Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling V, Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Nelson, Tracy L, Whitfield, Keith E, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Llewellyn, Clare H, Fisher, Abigail, Burt, S Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L, Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Medland, Sarah E, Martin, Nicholas G, Montgomery, Grant W, Magnusson, Patrik K E, Pedersen, Nancy L, Aslan, Anna K Dahl, Corley, Robin P, Huibregtse, Brooke M, OEncel, Sevgi Y, Aliev, Fazil, Krueger, Robert F, Mcgue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, Van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E M, Silberg, Judy L, Eaves, Lindon J, Maes, Hermine H, Harris, Jennifer R, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S, Rasmussen, Finn, Tynelius, Per, Baker, Laura A, Tuvblad, Catherine, Ordonana, Juan R, Sanchez-Romera, Juan F, Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A, Lichtenstein, Paul, Goldberg, Jack H, Harden, K Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M, Duncan, Glen E, Buchwald, Dedra, Tarnoki, Adam D, Tarnoki, David L, Franz, Carol E, Kremen, William S, Lyons, Michael J, Maia, Jose A, Freitas, Duarte L, Turkheimer, Eric, Sorensen, Thorkild I A, Boomsma, Dorret I, Kaprio, Jaakko, Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Latvala, Antti, Sund, Reijo, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Derom, Catherine A, Vlietinck, Robert F, Loos, Ruth J F, Kandler, Christian, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Iwatani, Yoshinori, Watanabe, Mikio, Rebato, Esther, Stazi, Maria A, Fagnani, Corrado, Brescianini, Sonia, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Cutler, Tessa L, Hopper, John L, Busjahn, Andreas, Saudino, Kimberly J, Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rose, Richard J, Koskenvuo, Markku, Heikkilae, Kauko, Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E, Mack, Thomas M, Siribaddana, Sisira H, Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling V, Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Nelson, Tracy L, Whitfield, Keith E, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Llewellyn, Clare H, Fisher, Abigail, Burt, S Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L, Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Medland, Sarah E, Martin, Nicholas G, Montgomery, Grant W, Magnusson, Patrik K E, Pedersen, Nancy L, Aslan, Anna K Dahl, Corley, Robin P, Huibregtse, Brooke M, OEncel, Sevgi Y, Aliev, Fazil, Krueger, Robert F, Mcgue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, Van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E M, Silberg, Judy L, Eaves, Lindon J, Maes, Hermine H, Harris, Jennifer R, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S, Rasmussen, Finn, Tynelius, Per, Baker, Laura A, Tuvblad, Catherine, Ordonana, Juan R, Sanchez-Romera, Juan F, Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A, Lichtenstein, Paul, Goldberg, Jack H, Harden, K Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M, Duncan, Glen E, Buchwald, Dedra, Tarnoki, Adam D, Tarnoki, David L, Franz, Carol E, Kremen, William S, Lyons, Michael J, Maia, Jose A, Freitas, Duarte L, Turkheimer, Eric, Sorensen, Thorkild I A, Boomsma, Dorret I, and Kaprio, Jaakko

Abstract

Whether monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins differ from each other in a variety of phenotypes is important for genetic twin modeling and for inferences made from twin studies in general. We analyzed whether there were differences in individual, maternal and paternal education between MZ and DZ twins in a large pooled dataset. Information was gathered on individual education for 218,362 adult twins from 27 twin cohorts (53% females; 39% MZ twins), and on maternal and paternal education for 147,315 and 143,056 twins respectively, from 28 twin cohorts (52% females; 38% MZ twins). Together, we had information on individual or parental education from 42 twin cohorts representing 19 countries. The original education classifications were transformed to education years and analyzed using linear regression models. Overall, MZ males had 0.26 (95% CI [0.21, 0.31]) years and MZ females 0.17 (95% CI [0.12, 0.21]) years longer education than DZ twins. The zygosity difference became smaller in more recent birth cohorts for both males and females. Parental education was somewhat longer for fathers of DZ twins in cohorts born in 1990-1999 (0.16 years, 95% CI [0.08, 0.25]) and 2000 or later (0.11 years, 95% CI [0.00, 0.22]), compared with fathers of MZ twins. The results show that the years of both individual and parental education are largely similar in MZ and DZ twins. We suggest that the socio-economic differences between MZ and DZ twins are so small that inferences based upon genetic modeling of twin data are not affected.

Published
2017

30. Education in Twins and Their Parents Across Birth Cohorts Over 100 years:An Individual-Level Pooled Analysis of 42-Twin Cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Latvala, Antti, Sund, Reijo, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Kandler, Christian, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Iwatani, Yoshinori, Watanabe, Mikio, Rebato, Esther, Stazi, Maria A., Fagnani, Corrado, Brescianini, Sonia, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Cutler, Tessa L., Hopper, John L., Busjahn, Andreas, Saudino, Kimberly J., Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rose, Richard J., Koskenvuo, Markku, Heikkilae, Kauko, Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Siribaddana, Sisira H., Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Llewellyn, Clare H., Fisher, Abigail, Burt, S. Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L., Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Medland, Sarah E., Martin, Nicholas G., Montgomery, Grant W., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Aslan, Anna K. Dahl, Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., OEncel, Sevgi Y., Aliev, Fazil, Krueger, Robert F., Mcgue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, Van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., Silberg, Judy L., Eaves, Lindon J., Maes, Hermine H., Harris, Jennifer R., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Rasmussen, Finn, Tynelius, Per, Baker, Laura A., Tuvblad, Catherine, Ordonana, Juan R., Sanchez-Romera, Juan F., Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Lichtenstein, Paul, Goldberg, Jack H., Harden, K. Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M., Duncan, Glen E., Buchwald, Dedra, Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Maia, Jose A., Freitas, Duarte L., Turkheimer, Eric, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Boomsma, Dorret I., Kaprio, Jaakko, Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Latvala, Antti, Sund, Reijo, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Ullemar, Vilhelmina, Almqvist, Catarina, Derom, Catherine A., Vlietinck, Robert F., Loos, Ruth J. F., Kandler, Christian, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Iwatani, Yoshinori, Watanabe, Mikio, Rebato, Esther, Stazi, Maria A., Fagnani, Corrado, Brescianini, Sonia, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Cutler, Tessa L., Hopper, John L., Busjahn, Andreas, Saudino, Kimberly J., Ji, Fuling, Ning, Feng, Pang, Zengchang, Rose, Richard J., Koskenvuo, Markku, Heikkilae, Kauko, Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E., Mack, Thomas M., Siribaddana, Sisira H., Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Sung, Joohon, Kim, Jina, Lee, Jooyeon, Lee, Sooji, Nelson, Tracy L., Whitfield, Keith E., Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Llewellyn, Clare H., Fisher, Abigail, Burt, S. Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L., Knafo-Noam, Ariel, Mankuta, David, Abramson, Lior, Medland, Sarah E., Martin, Nicholas G., Montgomery, Grant W., Magnusson, Patrik K. E., Pedersen, Nancy L., Aslan, Anna K. Dahl, Corley, Robin P., Huibregtse, Brooke M., OEncel, Sevgi Y., Aliev, Fazil, Krueger, Robert F., Mcgue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Willemsen, Gonneke, Bartels, Meike, Van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M., Silberg, Judy L., Eaves, Lindon J., Maes, Hermine H., Harris, Jennifer R., Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Rasmussen, Finn, Tynelius, Per, Baker, Laura A., Tuvblad, Catherine, Ordonana, Juan R., Sanchez-Romera, Juan F., Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A., Lichtenstein, Paul, Goldberg, Jack H., Harden, K. Paige, Tucker-Drob, Elliot M., Duncan, Glen E., Buchwald, Dedra, Tarnoki, Adam D., Tarnoki, David L., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Lyons, Michael J., Maia, Jose A., Freitas, Duarte L., Turkheimer, Eric, Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Boomsma, Dorret I., and Kaprio, Jaakko

Abstract

Whether monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins differ from each other in a variety of phenotypes is important for genetic twin modeling and for inferences made from twin studies in general. We analyzed whether there were differences in individual, maternal and paternal education between MZ and DZ twins in a large pooled dataset. Information was gathered on individual education for 218,362 adult twins from 27 twin cohorts (53% females; 39% MZ twins), and on maternal and paternal education for 147,315 and 143,056 twins respectively, from 28 twin cohorts (52% females; 38% MZ twins). Together, we had information on individual or parental education from 42 twin cohorts representing 19 countries. The original education classifications were transformed to education years and analyzed using linear regression models. Overall, MZ males had 0.26 (95% CI [0.21, 0.31]) years and MZ females 0.17 (95% CI [0.12, 0.21]) years longer education than DZ twins. The zygosity difference became smaller in more recent birth cohorts for both males and females. Parental education was somewhat longer for fathers of DZ twins in cohorts born in 1990–1999 (0.16 years, 95% CI [0.08, 0.25]) and 2000 or later (0.11 years, 95% CI [0.00, 0.22]), compared with fathers of MZ twins. The results show that the years of both individual and parental education are largely similar in MZ and DZ twins. We suggest that the socio-economic differences between MZ and DZ twins are so small that inferences based upon genetic modeling of twin data are not affected.

Published
2017

31. Differences in genetic and environmental variation in adult BMI by sex, age, time period, and region:an individual-based pooled analysis of 40 twin cohorts

Author

Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E, Mack, Thomas M, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Iwatani, Yoshinori, Watanabe, Mikio, Tomizawa, Rie, Pietiläinen, Kirsi H, Rissanen, Aila, Siribaddana, Sisira H, Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Piirtola, Maarit, Aaltonen, Sari, Öncel, Sevgi Y, Aliev, Fazil, Rebato, Esther, Hjelmborg, Jacob B, Christensen, Kaare, Skytthe, Axel, Kyvik, Kirsten O, Silberg, Judy L, Eaves, Lindon J, Cutler, Tessa L, Ordoñana, Juan R, Sánchez-Romera, Juan F, Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Song, Yun-Mi, Yang, Sarah, Lee, Kayoung, Franz, Carol E, Kremen, William S, Lyons, Michael J, Busjahn, Andreas, Nelson, Tracy L, Whitfield, Keith E, Kandler, Christian, Jang, Kerry L, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A, Stazi, Maria A, Fagnani, Corrado, D'Ippolito, Cristina, Duncan, Glen E, Buchwald, Dedra, Martin, Nicholas G, Medland, Sarah E, Montgomery, Grant W, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Swan, Gary E, Krasnow, Ruth, Magnusson, Patrik Ke, Pedersen, Nancy L, Dahl Aslan, Anna K, McAdams, Tom A, Eley, Thalia C, Gregory, Alice M, Tynelius, Per, Baker, Laura A, Tuvblad, Catherine, Bayasgalan, Gombojav, Narandalai, Danshiitsoodol, Spector, Timothy D, Mangino, Massimo, Lachance, Genevieve, Burt, S Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L, Harris, Jennifer R, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S, Krueger, Robert F, McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Corley, Robin P, Huibregtse, Brooke M, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina Em, Willemsen, Gonneke, Goldberg, Jack H, Rasmussen, Finn, Tarnoki, Adam D, Tarnoki, David L, Derom, Catherine A, Vlietinck, Robert F, Loos, Ruth Jf, Hopper, John L, Sung, Joohon, Maes, Hermine H, Turkheimer, Eric, Boomsma, Dorret I, Sørensen, Thorkild Ia, Kaprio, Jaakko, Silventoinen, Karri, Jelenkovic, Aline, Sund, Reijo, Yokoyama, Yoshie, Hur, Yoon-Mi, Cozen, Wendy, Hwang, Amie E, Mack, Thomas M, Honda, Chika, Inui, Fujio, Iwatani, Yoshinori, Watanabe, Mikio, Tomizawa, Rie, Pietiläinen, Kirsi H, Rissanen, Aila, Siribaddana, Sisira H, Hotopf, Matthew, Sumathipala, Athula, Rijsdijk, Fruhling, Tan, Qihua, Zhang, Dongfeng, Pang, Zengchang, Piirtola, Maarit, Aaltonen, Sari, Öncel, Sevgi Y, Aliev, Fazil, Rebato, Esther, Hjelmborg, Jacob B, Christensen, Kaare, Skytthe, Axel, Kyvik, Kirsten O, Silberg, Judy L, Eaves, Lindon J, Cutler, Tessa L, Ordoñana, Juan R, Sánchez-Romera, Juan F, Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Song, Yun-Mi, Yang, Sarah, Lee, Kayoung, Franz, Carol E, Kremen, William S, Lyons, Michael J, Busjahn, Andreas, Nelson, Tracy L, Whitfield, Keith E, Kandler, Christian, Jang, Kerry L, Gatz, Margaret, Butler, David A, Stazi, Maria A, Fagnani, Corrado, D'Ippolito, Cristina, Duncan, Glen E, Buchwald, Dedra, Martin, Nicholas G, Medland, Sarah E, Montgomery, Grant W, Jeong, Hoe-Uk, Swan, Gary E, Krasnow, Ruth, Magnusson, Patrik Ke, Pedersen, Nancy L, Dahl Aslan, Anna K, McAdams, Tom A, Eley, Thalia C, Gregory, Alice M, Tynelius, Per, Baker, Laura A, Tuvblad, Catherine, Bayasgalan, Gombojav, Narandalai, Danshiitsoodol, Spector, Timothy D, Mangino, Massimo, Lachance, Genevieve, Burt, S Alexandra, Klump, Kelly L, Harris, Jennifer R, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S, Krueger, Robert F, McGue, Matt, Pahlen, Shandell, Corley, Robin P, Huibregtse, Brooke M, Bartels, Meike, van Beijsterveldt, Catharina Em, Willemsen, Gonneke, Goldberg, Jack H, Rasmussen, Finn, Tarnoki, Adam D, Tarnoki, David L, Derom, Catherine A, Vlietinck, Robert F, Loos, Ruth Jf, Hopper, John L, Sung, Joohon, Maes, Hermine H, Turkheimer, Eric, Boomsma, Dorret I, Sørensen, Thorkild Ia, and Kaprio, Jaakko

Abstract

Background: Genes and the environment contribute to variation in adult body mass index [BMI (in kg/m(2))], but factors modifying these variance components are poorly understood.Objective: We analyzed genetic and environmental variation in BMI between men and women from young adulthood to old age from the 1940s to the 2000s and between cultural-geographic regions representing high (North America and Australia), moderate (Europe), and low (East Asia) prevalence of obesity.Design: We used genetic structural equation modeling to analyze BMI in twins ≥20 y of age from 40 cohorts representing 20 countries (140,379 complete twin pairs).Results: The heritability of BMI decreased from 0.77 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.78) and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.75) in men and women 20-29 y of age to 0.57 (95% CI: 0.54, 0.60) and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.53, 0.65) in men 70-79 y of age and women 80 y of age, respectively. The relative influence of unique environmental factors correspondingly increased. Differences in the sets of genes affecting BMI in men and women increased from 20-29 to 60-69 y of age. Mean BMI and variances in BMI increased from the 1940s to the 2000s and were greatest in North America and Australia, followed by Europe and East Asia. However, heritability estimates were largely similar over measurement years and between regions. There was no evidence of environmental factors shared by co-twins affecting BMI.Conclusions: The heritability of BMI decreased and differences in the sets of genes affecting BMI in men and women increased from young adulthood to old age. The heritability of BMI was largely similar between cultural-geographic regions and measurement years, despite large differences in mean BMI and variances in BMI. Our results show a strong influence of genetic factors on BMI, especially in early adulthood, regardless of the obesity level in the population.

Published
2017

32. The Norwegian Twin Registry

Author

Nilsen, Thomas S., primary, Brandt, Ingunn, additional, Czajkowski, Nikolai, additional, Knudsen, Gun Peggy, additional, Magnus, Per, additional, Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted, additional, Tambs, Kristian, additional, Harris, Jennifer R., additional, and Ørstavik, Ragnhild, additional

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Validity of Self-Reported Birth Weight: Results from a Norwegian Twin Sample.

Author

Nilsen, Thomas S., Kutschke, Julia, Brandt, Ingunn, and Harris, Jennifer R.

Subjects
*TWINS, *BIRTH weight, *BODY mass index, *BIRTH size, *MULTIPLE birth, *COMPARATIVE studies, *RESEARCH methodology, *MEDICAL cooperation, *RESEARCH, *SELF-evaluation, *EVALUATION research
Abstract

The association between birth weight and later life outcomes is of considerable interest in life-course epidemiology. Research often relies on self-reported measures of birth weight, and its validity is consequently of importance. We assessed agreement between self-reported birth weight and official birth records for Norwegian twins born 1967–1974. The intraclass correlation between self-reported birth weight and register-based birth weight was 0.91 in our final sample of 363 twins. It could be expected that 95% of self-reported birth-weight values will deviate from official records within a maximum of +446 grams and a minimum of −478 grams — around a mean deviation of 16 grams. Self-reported birth weight had a sensitivity of 0.78–0.89 and a positive predictive value of 0.59–0.85, and an overall weighted kappa of 0.71. We further assessed agreement by conducting two linear regression models where we respectively regressed self-reported birth weight and register-based birth weight on adult body mass index, a known association. The two models were not significantly different; however, there were different levels of significance in parameter estimates that warrant some caution in using self-reported birth weight. Reliability of self-reported birth weight was also assessed, based on self-reports in another sample of twins born 1935–1960 who had reported their birth weight in two questionnaires 34 years apart. The intraclass correlation was 0.86, which indicates a high degree of reliability. In conclusion, self-reported birth weight, depending on context and age when birth weight was reported, can be cautiously used. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. Hordaland County Public Health Survey 2018-some results.

Author

Nilsen, Thomas S., Skogen, Jens Christoffer, Smith, Otto R. F., Johansen, Rune, Stigen, Ole Trygve, and Aarø, Leif Edvard

Subjects
*HEALTH surveys, *STATISTICAL sampling, *PUBLIC health, *AGE discrimination
Abstract

Introduction: The Ministry of Health has asked the Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH) to present plans for future county surveys. Before concluding, NIPH conducted a County Public Health Survey in Hordaland to determine if web-based methods only are sufficient. Aims: The Hordaland County Survey (2018) had two main Aims: To produce reliable and valid data for Hordaland County and to test the response rate and selection bias for a web-based only survey. Methods: Sample sizes were determined on the assumption of a 20-25% response rate. Simple random sampling was used, however three municipalities and one city district in Bergen were over-sampled. Three samples were defined: 30,000 in Helsenorge.no platform, 33,000 using NIPH/University of Oslo (UiO) web-based survey solution, and finally, a smaller sample of 6000 to be followed up more closely by telephone interviews (CATI) (being the benchmark sample with a targeted 50+ % response rate). The survey was conducted in the period April 9th (telephone interviews starting May 2nd) to May 16th. Results: The overall response rate was 41.3%; 40.8% and 41.6% for Helsenorge.no and NIPH/UiO solution respectively. Response from higher age groups (56+) were 53%. Younger men had the lowest response rate. Given the response rate, estimates could be calculated (with 95% confidence intervals) for 11 of 33 municipalities in Hordaland and all City Districts in Bergen. Follow up by telephone interviews (benchmark sample of 6000) did not increase the response rate substantially, with only 188 new respondents. There was a detectable difference in response on specific items between Helsenorge.no and the NIPH/UiO solution, e.g. a significant lower HSCL score, stratified on education, sex and age, was found in NIPH/UiO solution than in Helsenorge.no. Conclusions: Using a web-based only survey method has a response rate higher than expected. Older age groups had a relatively high response rate, dispelling fear of digital age discrimination. A thorough analysis of selection bias must be conducted in order to understand strengths and limitations to webbased surveys and different survey solutions. CATI yielded few new respondents and will not be recommended for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

35. Social Factors and Health: Description of a new Norwegian twin study.

Author

Kutschke, Julia, Falch, Anina, Brandt, Ingunn, Nilsen, Thomas S., Jugessur, Astanand, Halekoh, Ulrich, Seeman, Teresa E., and Harris, Jennifer R.

Subjects
*TWINS, *SOCIAL factors, *MENTAL health, *SOCIAL networks, *SOCIAL context, *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases
Abstract

A compelling literature substantiates that our social worlds have significant and far-reaching effects on health and well-being throughout life. Yet, few studies of social factors and their effects on health have been embedded within the twin design. Towards this end, we have initiated a new twin study on social factors and health which will investigate the genetic and environmental influences on social environments, and explore how social environments mediate these influences on physical and mental health. Herein, we describe the study sample, response rates and measures. Twins born 1935-1960 and 1967-1974 were invited to complete a questionnaire and these data were supplemented with information on cardiovascular disease and cancer through linkage to national health registries. Among the 10655 twins who were contacted, responses were received from 5446 individuals (1989 pairs and 1468 single responders). The subsample of pairs where both twins responded includes 1004 identical (MZ) pairs and 985 fraternal (DZ) pairs. The overall individual and pairwise response rates were 51% and 37%, respectively. The average age is 61.54 years, 56.1% of the responders are female and 46.1% are identical twins. MZ twins were more likely to participate than DZ twins. Sex and age effects were statistically significant for many of the psychosocial measures and for measures of support and strain in the social network. There were no differences in the social networks between twins in pairs where both twins responded and twins in pairs where only one twin responded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. How should recruitment to public health surveys be conducted?

Author

Skogen JC, Knapstad M, Smith OR, Tell GS, Lie RT, Nilsen TS, and Aarø LE

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Chronic Disease epidemiology, Data Collection methods, Educational Status, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Mental Health statistics & numerical data, Middle Aged, Norway epidemiology, Personal Satisfaction, Public Health, Registries, Selection Bias, Self Report, Social Security statistics & numerical data, Social Support, Tobacco Use epidemiology, Young Adult, Health Surveys methods, Health Surveys standards, Patient Selection
Abstract

Background: The aim of the public health survey in the Norwegian counties is to obtain information that is useful for public health work. In 2018, two parallel data collection processes were undertaken in Hordaland county. Both samples were drawn randomly from the National Population Register, but one of these was limited to users of the helsenorge.no website. The purpose of this article is to investigate the degree to which limiting users to the helsenorge.no website leads to selection bias beyond the selection that occurs through ordinary non-participation., Material and Method: Services for Sensitive Data (TSD) was used in the data collection for the sample drawn from the National Population Register (n = 36 000), and the helsenorge.no platform was used in the data collection for the sample limited to users of helsenorge.no (n = 30 000). The response rate was 40.8 % and 41.5 %, respectively., Results: For some outcome measures, the differences between the two datasets were modest (gender distribution, age, education and health habits). For variables that were more directly related to health, the differences were greater. In the helsenorge.no sample a higher proportion reported generally poorer health (29.4 vs. 24.0 %), mental health problems (13.6 vs. 11.6 %), disability pension (10.5 vs. 7.8 %) and long-term illness (13.3 vs. 9.3 %). Analyses of subgroups showed more pronounced differences in the proportion with generally poorer health and mental health problems between those with low education in the helsenorge.no sample and the corresponding group in the sample from the National Population Register., Interpretation: Systematic and pronounced differences between the samples show that limiting recruitment to users of helsenorge.no's services results in further selection problems.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. [Between culture and high technology].

Author

Frich JC, Brubakk K, Munkeby BH, Nilsen TS, and Schumacher A

Subjects
Cultural Characteristics, Herbal Medicine, Humans, Japan, Medical Laboratory Science, Paternalism, Health Services
Published
2008

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results