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The Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs) is characterized by the transition from a single large Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to multiple small UAVs connected in an ad-hoc fashion. Since high mobility is the core feature of such networks, they are prone to route breaks within the links. The issue of connectivity loss can be coped with, to some extent, by making use of omnidirectional antennas. Such modification, however, curtails Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirements of networks in terms of bandwidth, media access delay, coverage and others. Alternately, directional antennas have advantages over omnidirectional antennas such as improved transmission range, spatial reuse and high throughput. Nevertheless, its introduction raises location-dependent issues to the Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol. This calls for an efficient MAC protocol that can cater to new directional antenna models and, at the same time, can counter the constraints associated with the dynamic UAVs. Therefore, in this article, we consider a UAV interconnection mechanism that lets the UAVs execute the communication tasks using the directional MAC protocol. The technique is advantageous as compared to the approach of utilizing the MAC protocol using omnidirectional antennas. The scheme is being implemented as a case study for Industry 4.0 inventory and traceability applications in the warehouse. For modeling and simulation purposes, we use the Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) and aim to seek an evaluation with respect to throughput, media access delay, retransmission attempts and data dropped. The results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cheating during examination always has been a difficult situation in educational sector; the objective of this research work is to detect cheating from an audio signal using Digital signal processing during examination. According to the proposed method, audio signal is manipulated into small frames and all the features are extracted from these frames. This method consists of four parts: Silence region detection and deletion, End point detection, Mahalanobis Distance &Energy Estimation and Spectrum estimation. This method is most suitable for deaf and visual disable people who are working in educational sector but cannot perform invigilator duties because of their disability. This paper aims to provide an opportunity to deaf and visual disable people to perform the invigilator duties easily. It achieved high accuracy when tested during examination. Future work of cheating detection is also discussed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has incurred huge loss to human lives throughout the world. Scientists, researchers, and doctors are trying their best to develop and distribute the COVID-19 vaccine throughout the world at the earliest. In current circumstances, different tracking systems are utilized to control or stop the spread of the virus till the whole population of the world gets vaccinated. To track and trace patients in COVID-19 like pandemics, various tracking systems based on different technologies are discussed and compared in this paper. These technologies include, cellular, cyber, satellite-based radio navigation and low range wireless technologies. The main aim of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive survey that can overview all such tracking systems, which are used in minimizing the spread of COVID-19 like pandemics. This paper also highlights the shortcoming of each tracking systems and suggests new mechanisms to overcome such limitations. In addition, the authors propose some futuristic approaches to track patients in prospective pandemics, based on artificial intelligence and big data analysis. Potential research directions, challenges, and the introduction of next-generation tracking systems for minimizing the spread of prospective pandemics, are also discussed at the end.