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This work, developed in the area of Public International Law and Human Rights, addresses the theme of the jurisprudential evolution of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights regarding the socio-environmental rights of original peoples, analyzing several cases that contributed to the formation of precedents and served as basis for the judgment of the first case of violation of the rights of original peoples in the country: the case Xucuru Community v. Brazil. In the end, it was concluded that the two bodies of the American Convention on Human Rights have played an important role in protecting the socioenvironmental rights of original peoples, but there are still challenges to be overcome, especially with regard to compliance with the reparatory measures imposed on States and which remain pending discharge. To develop this study, the type of exploratory research was used, based on normative, jurisprudential, bibliographical review and specialized articles on the Inter-American Human Rights System. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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