5 results on '"Nora Homsi"'
Search Results
2. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Causing Empyema Necessitans and Pyomyositis in an Immunocompetent Patient
- Author
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Rajendra Kapila and Nora Homsi
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pyomyositis ,Pulmonology ,Aggregatibacter ,Infectious Disease ,empyema necessitatis ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,pyomyositis ,Severe periodontitis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ,biology ,business.industry ,General Engineering ,Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ,empyema necessitans ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,Empyema ,immunocompetent ,Surgery ,respiratory tract diseases ,body regions ,Pneumonia ,surgical procedures, operative ,Coccobacillus ,Cardiac/Thoracic/Vascular Surgery ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Actinomyces - Abstract
Empyema necessitans is a relatively rare clinical entity in which the empyema extends through the parietal pleura into the adjacent soft tissue and musculature of the chest wall. It usually occurs due to inadequate treatment of a primary lung infection. Aggregatibacter (formerly Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans is a facultative anaerobic gram-negative coccobacillus that is part of the normal oral flora. Infections due to this organism usually result from aspiration in conjunction with dental disease or trauma to the oral mucosa resulting in pneumonia or empyema. It often coinfects with Actinomyces and is known to cause empyema necessitans. Cases of monomicrobial empyema necessitans due to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in adults have rarely been reported with four such publications found on review of the literature. We present a patient with severe periodontitis who developed empyema necessitans due to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans likely from aspiration complicated by pyomyositis of the right triceps brachii and a left posterior thigh abscess.
- Published
- 2020
3. 376. COVID-19 Severity in HIV+ Patients Receiving Tenofovir
- Author
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David Cennimo, Nora Homsi, Alexandra Sonyey, Mitchell Snyder, and Kendra Vermeulen
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Tenofovir ,business.industry ,Viremia ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Comorbidity ,Tenofovir alafenamide ,Lethargy ,AcademicSubjects/MED00290 ,Infectious Diseases ,Oncology ,Internal medicine ,Poster Abstracts ,Medicine ,business ,Viral load ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, tenofovir (TAF/TDF) was identified as a potential agent for SARS-CoV-2 due to binding to RNA-dependent RNA polymerase similarly to remdesivir. This led to the hypothesis that TAF/TDF may be lessening the severity and improving outcomes of COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 Severity COVID-19 Infection Outcomes Methods Patients were identified by searching for HIV infection and SARS-CoV2 PCR testing. Type of antiretroviral therapy (ART), CD4+ cell count, HIV viral load (VL), comorbidities, presenting symptoms, severity of COVID infection, and outcomes were analyzed. COVID disease was classified as mild, moderate, severe, or critical based on World Health Organization criteria. We primarily sought to determine the effect of TAF/TDF on the severity of COVID infection. The secondary endpoint was to determine the effect of low CD4 count and HIV VL on the severity of infection. Results 39 HIV+ patients were tested at least once for SARS-CoV2 by PCR at VA NJ Health Care System. 18 of 39 patients were PCR positive. In those, common presenting symptoms included: fever (15/18), cough (7/18), and lethargy/fatigue (6/18). 16 of the 39 HIV+ patients’ ART included TAF/TDF; 8 of 18 COVID+ and 8 of 21 COVID-. In the COVID- group, 2 patients had CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3, 3 patients had HIV VL >200, and 19 of 21 had at least 1 comorbidity. In the COVID+ group, 3 had CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3, none had detectible HIV viremia, and all but one had comorbidities. Of COVID+ infections, 7 were mild, 3 moderate, 8 severe, and 5 patients died. 4 of the 5 patients that did not survive were in non-TAF/TDF group. All 3 patients with CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3 had severe disease. 6 out of 8 patients developed mild disease in TAF/TDF group vs. 1 out of 10 patients in non-TAF/TDF group. 1 out of 8 and 7 out of 10 patients had severe or critical disease in TAF/TDF vs non-TAF/TDF groups respectively. Conclusion In this sample of 18 HIV+ patients with COVID-19 infection, patients receiving TAF/TDF were more likely to develop mild disease and have full recovery than those who were on TAF/TDF-free regimens (75% vs. 10% and 87.5% vs. 50%, respectively). Patients not on TAF/TDF-based regimens had a higher rate of developing severe and critical COVID-19 disease (40% vs. 0% and 30% vs. 12.5%, respectively). Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
- Published
- 2020
4. Breast cancer stem cells
- Author
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Marco A. Velasco-Velázquez, Nora Homsi, Richard G. Pestell, and Marisol De La Fuente
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CD24 ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cellular differentiation ,CD44 ,Breast Neoplasms ,Cell Differentiation ,Cell Biology ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Biochemistry ,Article ,Metastasis ,Radiation therapy ,Breast cancer ,Cancer stem cell ,Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ,Immunology ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Neoplastic Stem Cells ,Animals ,Humans ,Stem cell ,Neoplasm Metastasis - Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) constitute a subpopulation of tumor cells that express stem cell-associated markers and have a high capacity for tumor generation in vivo. Identification of BCSCs from tumor samples or breast cancer cell lines has been based mainly on CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) or ALDH(+) phenotypes. BCSCs isolation has allowed the analysis of the molecular mechanisms involved in their origin, self-renewal, differentiation into tumor cells, resistance to radiation therapy and chemotherapy, and invasiveness and metastatic ability. Molecular genetic analysis using knockout animals and inducible transgenics has identified NF-κB, c-Jun, p21(CIP1), and Forkhead-like-protein Dach1 involvement in BCSC expansion and fate. Clinical analyses of BCSCs in breast tumors have found a correlation between the proportion of BCSCs and poor prognosis. Therefore, new therapies that specifically target BCSCs are an urgent need. We summarize recent evidence that partially explain the biological characteristics of BCSCs.
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- 2011
5. Examining the role of cyclin D1 in breast cancer
- Author
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Nora Homsi, Zhiping Li, Mathew C. Casimiro, Emanuele Loro, Richard G. Pestell, and Marco A. Velasco-Velázquez
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Cyclin D ,Cyclin B ,Breast Neoplasms ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Metastasis ,Breast cancer ,Cyclin D1 ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Protein Isoforms ,Mammary Glands, Human ,Regulation of gene expression ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Cyclin-Dependent Kinases ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Adult Stem Cells ,Oncology ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Female ,Carcinogenesis ,Cyclin A2 - Abstract
Cyclin D1 overexpression is found in more than 50% of human breast cancers and causes mammary cancer in transgenic mice. Dysregulation of cyclin D1 gene expression or function contributes to the loss of normal cell cycle control during tumorigenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that cyclin D1 conducts additional specific functions to regulate gene expression in the context of local chromatin, promote cellular migration and inhibit mitochondrial metabolism. It is anticipated that these additional functions contribute to the pathology associated with dysregulated cyclin D1 abundance. This article discusses evidence that examines the significance of cyclin D1 in breast cancer with emphasis on its role in breast cancer stem cell expansion.
- Published
- 2011
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