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3. Materials for hydrogen-based energy storage – past, recent progress and future outlook

Author

Hirscher, M., Yartys, V.A., Baricco, M., Bellosta von Colbe, J., Blanchard, D., Bowman, R.C., Broom, D.P., Buckley, Craig, Chang, F., Chen, P., Cho, Y.W., Crivello, J.C., Cuevas, F., David, W.I.F., de Jongh, P.E., Denys, R.V., Dornheim, M., Felderhoff, M., Filinchuk, Y., Froudakis, G.E., Grant, D.M., Gray, E.M.A., Hauback, B.C., He, T., Humphries, Terry, Jensen, T.R., Kim, S., Kojima, Y., Latroche, M., Li, H.W., Lototskyy, M.V., Makepeace, J.W., Møller, K.T., Naheed, L., Ngene, P., Noréus, D., Nygård, M.M., Orimo, S.I., Paskevicius, Mark, Pasquini, L., Ravnsbæk, D.B., Veronica Sofianos, M., Udovic, T.J., Vegge, T., Walker, G.S., Webb, C.J., Weidenthaler, C., Zlotea, C., Hirscher, M., Yartys, V.A., Baricco, M., Bellosta von Colbe, J., Blanchard, D., Bowman, R.C., Broom, D.P., Buckley, Craig, Chang, F., Chen, P., Cho, Y.W., Crivello, J.C., Cuevas, F., David, W.I.F., de Jongh, P.E., Denys, R.V., Dornheim, M., Felderhoff, M., Filinchuk, Y., Froudakis, G.E., Grant, D.M., Gray, E.M.A., Hauback, B.C., He, T., Humphries, Terry, Jensen, T.R., Kim, S., Kojima, Y., Latroche, M., Li, H.W., Lototskyy, M.V., Makepeace, J.W., Møller, K.T., Naheed, L., Ngene, P., Noréus, D., Nygård, M.M., Orimo, S.I., Paskevicius, Mark, Pasquini, L., Ravnsbæk, D.B., Veronica Sofianos, M., Udovic, T.J., Vegge, T., Walker, G.S., Webb, C.J., Weidenthaler, C., and Zlotea, C.

Abstract

© 2020 The Authors Globally, the accelerating use of renewable energy sources, enabled by increased efficiencies and reduced costs, and driven by the need to mitigate the effects of climate change, has significantly increased research in the areas of renewable energy production, storage, distribution and end-use. Central to this discussion is the use of hydrogen, as a clean, efficient energy vector for energy storage. This review, by experts of Task 32, “Hydrogen-based Energy Storage” of the International Energy Agency, Hydrogen TCP, reports on the development over the last 6 years of hydrogen storage materials, methods and techniques, including electrochemical and thermal storage systems. An overview is given on the background to the various methods, the current state of development and the future prospects. The following areas are covered; porous materials, liquid hydrogen carriers, complex hydrides, intermetallic hydrides, electrochemical storage of energy, thermal energy storage, hydrogen energy systems and an outlook is presented for future prospects and research on hydrogen-based energy storage.

Published
2020

9. Two new cluster ions, Ga[GaH3]4(5-) with a neopentane structure in Rb8Ga5H15 and [GaH2]n(n-) with a polyethylene structure in Rb(n)(GaH2)n, represent a new class of compounds with direct Ga-Ga bonds mimicking common hydrocarbons

Author

Fahlquist, H, Noréus, D, Callear, S, David, W, and Hauback, B

Abstract

The first examples of a new class of gallium hydride clusters with direct Ga-Ga bonds and common hydrocarbon structures are reported. Neutron powder diffraction was used to find a Ga[GaH(3)](4)(5-) cluster ion with a neopentane structure in a novel cubic structure type of Rb(8)Ga(5)H(15). Another cluster ion with a polyethylene structure, [GaH(2)](n)(n-), was found in a second novel (RbGaH(2))(n) hydride. These hydrocarbon-like clusters in gallium hydride materials have significant implications for the discovery of hydrides for hydrogen storage as well as for interesting electronic properties.

Published
2011

10. A series of BaAl2-xSixH2-x (0.4 < x < 1.6) hydrides with compositions and structures in between BaSi2 and BaAl2H2

Author

Moser, D., Haussermann, U., Utsumi, T., Björling, T., Noréus, D., Moser, D., Haussermann, U., Utsumi, T., Björling, T., and Noréus, D.

Abstract

By substituting Si- with (Al-H)(-) in trigonal BaSi2, a series of hydrides has been synthesized with compositions BaAl2-xSixH2-x (0.4 < x < 1.6). OFF calculations show that the end compositions BaSi2 and BaAl2H2 are conductors whereas the intermediate BaAlSiH is a semiconductor. The cell parameters for the trigonal cell vary linearly as a function of the Si-/(Al-H)(-) substitution in this MgB2 related structure type, opening up the possibility of continuously tunable electric properties., authorCount :5

Published
2010
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17. SrAlSiH : A polyanionic semiconductor hydride

Author

Björling, T., Noréus, D., Jansson, K., Andersson, Magnus, Leonova, E., Edén, M., Hålenius, U., Häussermann, U., Björling, T., Noréus, D., Jansson, K., Andersson, Magnus, Leonova, E., Edén, M., Hålenius, U., and Häussermann, U.

Abstract

(Chemical Equation Presented) Stable and semiconducting: Polyanionic hydrides represent a new class of main-group-metal hydrides with unforeseen hydrogen-coordination environments. The hydrogen atom in SrAlSiH is attached exclusively to Al and forms part of a layered [AlHSi]2- polyanion (see figure). This material is the first narrow bandgap semiconductor hydride and combines the high thermal stability of saline hydrides with the air and moisture stability of interstitial transition-metal hydrides.

Published
2005
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44. An in situ neutron diffraction measurement of the pressure-temperature evolution of a MgD2:TiD2 mixture.

Author

Moser, D., Bull, D.J., Cowpe, J.S., Roach, D.L., Ross, D.K., Noréus, D., and Tucker, M.G.

Subjects
NEUTRON diffraction, PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE effect, MAGNESIUM compounds, HYDRIDES, THIN films, PHASE diagrams
Abstract

The hydrogen storage capacity of Mg-Ti-H films is approximately five times that of conventional metal hydride electrodes in NiMH-batteries. Mg and Ti are considered to be immiscible in the bulk and the ambient pressure phase diagram of Mg and Ti indicates that no binary stable bulk compounds are formed. However, in the presence of hydrogen, an Mg-Ti-H phase has been obtained by Kyoi et al. using a high pressure synthesis - where magnesium hydride is compacted with different TM-hydrides in an anvil cell at pressures of the order several GPa (4-8 GPa) and at a temperature of 873 K. In this work, we have proved the feasibility of in situ powder diffraction using the Paris-Edinburgh high pressure cell for the observation of structural changes on this system and we propose modifications to improve the output of the experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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49. Structural determination of AMgNi4 (where A=Ca, La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Y) in the AuBe5 type structure

Author

Kadir, K., Noréus, D., and Yamashita, I.

Subjects
*TRANSITION metal compounds, *RARE earth metal compounds, *X-ray diffraction
Abstract

A number of new ternary magnesium based alloys AMgNi4 (where A=Ca, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Y) have been synthesized by direct combination of the elements in the atomic ratio A:Mg:Ni=1:1:4. The crystal structures were determined by Guinier–Ha¨gg X-ray powder diffraction. The compounds have a cubic SnMgCu4 (AuBe5 type) structure, which is related to the (C15) MgCu2 structure. All interatomic distances indicate metallic-type bonding. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2002
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50. Structural determination of NaAl2Ga2 intermetallic compound having the ThCr2Si2 type structure

Author

Kadir, K. and Noréus, D.

Subjects
*INTERMETALLIC compounds, *INORGANIC synthesis, *ALUMINUM compounds, *X-ray diffraction, *X-ray crystallography, *NEUTRON diffraction
Abstract

Abstract: NaAl2Ga2 intermetallic compound has been synthesized by direct combination of the elements in the atomic ratio Na:Ga:Al=1:2:2. Guinier–Hägg X-ray and neutron powder diffraction determined a ThCr2Si2 type structure for the new compound with tetragonal unit cell axis a =4.1817(5) and c =11.388(2)Å. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2009
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