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This research explores the applicability of the long-tail theory within the context of electronic bookstores, using the Taaghche bookstore (Taaghche.com) as the main study case. The long-tail theory posits that cultural products, especially books with low sales but wide variation, occupy the tail of the distribution, while high-selling items with limited variation are situated at the head of the distribution. The objective of this research is to demonstrate that as the tail becomes heavier, there is an increase in variation among low-sales products. Furthermore, it posits that the revenue generated from the tail could equal or even surpass the income from the head of the distribution. This research relies on quantitative data and employs an analytical survey method for analysis. The sample, drawn from the Taaghche electronic bookstore, consists of literature storybooks that are generally well-received. The data was collected in collaboration with Taaghche and subjected to statistical analysis. The results indicate that as the number of books increases, the long-tail distribution becomes a more appropriate fit. Furthermore, by identifying the point where sales rates in the head and tail are equal, the tail of the plot lengthens and approximates the 98 percent Anderson rule. This suggests that 98 percent of the books have been sold at least once a year. The results present a counter-example to the Pareto principle, which suggests that an increase in the number of available books leads to increased sales of other books. It is recommended that electronic bookstores expand their range of books, as this has a positive and direct impact on the visibility of other books. The findings clearly demonstrate that increasing the number of books not only creates a long tail in sales but also enhances the visibility of other available books, which is an intriguing observation. Generally, it can be inferred that as the number of books in an electronic bookstore increases, the findings align more closely with the long tail principle. Achieving the long tail implies an increase in the variety of books, which benefits the readership. Given today’s technological advancements and the proliferation of online communication networks and electronic bookstores, many limitations of physical bookstores, such as product storage space and accessibility, have been reduced. This development allows people worldwide, with diverse interests, tastes, and fields of study, to access electronic bookstores in the shortest possible time. Now that electronic bookstores are not constrained by physical space for book storage, it is advantageous to collaborate with publishers to expand the diversity of their books as much as possible, ensuring the satisfaction and welfare of a broader audience.

The library, once a silent repository of knowledge, is undergoing a digital metamorphosis. At the heart of this transformation is the integration of artificial intelligence (AI). Traditionally, cataloging and classifying books was a meticulous, labor-intensive task requiring deep subject knowledge and adherence to complex classification systems. However, the advent of AI is revolutionizing this process, promising greater efficiency, accuracy, and accessibility. This research presents a pilot study on the potential use of AI for semi-automatic subject indexing, cataloging, and classification of books. To collect the data, first we searched for open access books in the Directory of Open Access Books and OAPEN (Online library of open access books). Four books in English were chosen for the current study. The book titles were searched in the Library of Congress Online Catalog to discover the subject headings, the Library of Congress Classification number, and the Dewey Decimal Classification number assigned to each book, collecting the necessary information. Third, we searched for each book in ChatGPT, Copilot, and Gemini, using the necessary prompts to collect the data. The results indicate that the degree of cataloging and classification consistency is low. The cataloging and classification consistency are seen as the measure of the similarity of reaction of different machines and human beings processing the same book. By automating routine tasks, improving classification and cataloging accuracy, and enhancing metadata creation, AI is transforming the way libraries organize and share knowledge. As technology continues to advance, we can expect even more exciting developments in this field.

This research aims to explain the dimensions and components of knowledge governance in the organization with a systemic approach. The current research was conducted with a qualitative approach and a meta-synthesis method. In this research, 451 related scientific sources were selected from various internal and external sources in the period before 2022, using the meta-synthesis method and the use of the "Critical Appraisal Skills Program" (CASP), finally, 105 scientific documents were selected in line with the goal of the research. were evaluated and reviewed. In this regard, by applying a systemic approach and using the open coding method, relevant codes were identified and extracted into three main categories including input, process, and output. The findings of the research show that the input of the model includes the nature of organizational knowledge governance (approach, nature, and subject). In addition, the governance process of organizational knowledge includes requirements, effective factors, obstacles, and tools. The output of the obtained organizational knowledge governance model also includes functions and achievements. The topic (conceptual model of organizational knowledge governance) and the approach (system approach) of the current research have an innovative and unique aspect. The results of the present research can facilitate the implementation of knowledge governance in organizations.

The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between scientific cooperation in and citations to the international patents of the Persian Gulf countries issued in the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) database. This research was conducted with a descriptive method and a scientometric approach. The statistical population of the research consisted of 8182 patents issued in the USPTO database. In the second stage of the research, the titles of patents were searched in the Web of Science (WoS) citation database to analyze their citations. In order to obtain the number of citations from scientific documents to each patent, the title of each patent was searched in the Web of Science Core Collection in the section entitled “Cited Reference Search”. Then, the number of citations of scientific documents to patents was collected. The Microsoft Excel software was used to analyze the amount of cooperation in patent licenses. The results showed that only 841 granted patents out of 8182 patents registered in the Persian Gulf countries have been cited by scientific documents in WoS and received a total of 2496 citations. The research findings related to the number of patent licenses in the Persian Gulf countries based on the Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) subjects show that the highest number of patent licenses is related to the category (G = Physics) with a number of 1717 patents; and the lowest number of patent licenses concerns to the category (D = textiles and paper) with 24 licenses. The highest number of patents is for Saudi Arabia with 5469 patents and the lowest number of patent licenses is for Iraq with 22 patents. The findings also indicated that the highest number of single inventor patents is for Saudi Arabia in the category G (Physics) with 288 patents, and the lowest number of patents based on the subject categories is for Iraq with 11 patents. Also, the highest rate of patents granted with more than one inventor is for Saudi Arabia in the subject category of chemistry and materials engineering (C) with a number of 4114 patents, and again the lowest rate of patents granted is for Iraq with a number of 11 patents. Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that only a small number of patents registered by the Persian Gulf countries in the USPTO database have received citations from the scientific documents indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) database. The results indicate that the highest level of patent cooperation within the Persian Gulf countries belongs to Saudi Arabia with 12583 inventors and the lowest level of patent cooperation belongs to Iraq with 30 inventors. In addition, the highest number of patent cooperation with countries outside the Persian Gulf belongs to the United States of America with 2198 inventors, England with 384 inventors, Germany with 333 inventors, Canada with 219 inventors, India with 203 inventors, and France with 171 inventors. According to the data obtained regarding the amount of citations received by single-inventor patents and multiple-inventor patents, using the Kruskal-Wallis test, the significance level of the data showed a less than five percent difference. Therefore, the difference in ranks is significant, and the test results indicate that multi-inventor patents have received more citations than single-inventor patents in subject categories.

Healthcare information systems aim to provide high-quality healthcare services to ensure the security of patients’ health information. They can also assist in safeguarding an encyclopedia of clinical data to make more informed decisions in a private environment. However, the majority of today’s healthcare information systems are centralized and have great difficulty in providing indispensable information security and privacy, patient health records immutability, transparency, and flexibility to detect vulnerabilities and cyber invasions. The current study has explored the striking benefits and opportunities for blockchain technology in the healthcare information systems sector. It has identified the key applications that blockchain technology offers to provide indispensable information security and privacy, the immutability of patient health records, transparency, and flexibility to detect vulnerabilities and cyber invasions. Blockchain technology as a regulatory technology can enhance healthcare information services by bringing high-quality healthcare services in a crystal clear view that is decentralized, immutable, tamper-resistant, flexible, traceable, and secure. It also enables clinical professionals to effectively detect vulnerabilities and cyber invasions related to patients’ health information. The practical deployment of blockchain technology in healthcare information systems takes years of research and experience to reach fruition. In order to enable the practical deployment of blockchain technology in healthcare information systems, a series of research will need to be conducted.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the number of times the names of the top 1% authors in the field of library and information sciences were placed in the first position of authorship and to determine the level of their excellence index in 2022 based on the number of publications and previous authorship. The present research has been done with the scientometrics approach. The statistical population of the study was the top 1% researchers in the field of library and information science (LIS) in 2022. The top 1% researchers include Vincent Larivière, Cassidy Sugimoto, Stefanie Haustein, Mike Thelwall, Nees Jan Van Eck, and Ludo Waltman and Margareta Sampson, from the Social Sciences. Each researcher's name was searched in the Web of Science Core of Clarivate to retrieve their articles, and the status of single authorship, multi-authorship, and the first and the last authorship was checked. The results of the present study showed that the top 1% researchers in LIS are more inclined to multiple authorship rather than single-authorship. They have mostly registered their names in the first and last positions of authorship. Considering the dominance of a researcher as a virtue of research contribution and responsibility, researchers should register their names in the order of authorship. According to the dominance index (DI), the first place of authorship can show the dominance and superiority of researchers. The dominance index can be used as a complement to the citation impact of researchers and can be used to identify the top 1% LIS researchers.

Digital transformation is a relatively new concept in the university library environment and has become one of the key concepts of success and sustainability for university libraries in the competitive information environment. Based on the reviews conducted on the subject literature, no research was found that could present the construction requirements and the factors affecting the digital transformation of university libraries. Therefore, the purpose of the current research was to identify the components of the digital transformation of university libraries. The approach of this research was qualitative and the Sandelowski and Barroso's seven-step meta-synthesis method (2007) has been used. The statistical population of the research includes all the scientific publications related to the foundations and dimensions of the digital transformation of university libraries, counting the scientific publications retrieved from 12 scientific databases in the period from 2004 to 2022 (corresponding to the solar Hijri years of 1383 to 1401), which is based on the Critical Appraisals Skills Programme (CASP) and screening process. Therefore, 32 works were selected for further review and analysis. In this research, first, a separate code was considered for all the factors extracted from the selected publications, and then considering the concept of each of the codes, they were categorized in a similar concept. In this way, the concepts of the research were determined. Based on the analysis done with the help of content analysis method, there are a total of 7 main categories and 24 concepts, including digital culture (digital attitude, user-oriented, agility, participation and cooperation, creativity and innovation, learning digital skills of employees), digital librarian (individual competence, knowledge competence, communication competence, skill competence), digital manager (individual competence, knowledge competence, skill competence), digital services and resources (optimally reorganizing library resources, providing digital services to users, providing digital services to the organization mother), digital technologies (digital infrastructure, technological readiness, use digital technologies), support and cooperation of upstream institutions and the mother organization (to provide human resources, to provide technological resources and equipment, to make macro policies), and Work process and development of digital strategy (digitalization of processes and development of library digital strategy). The discussion of the digital transformation of organizations, including the digital transformation of university libraries, is complex, and managers and librarians cannot be expected to be familiar with these concepts without training or study and be able to move in the right direction toward the digital transformation of libraries. This research is the first research inside and outside of Iran that identified the components of the digital transformation of university libraries. The results of this research can be a good guide for an easy understanding of the effective factors and requirements of digital transformation of libraries and the importance of understanding it for managers and librarians.

The correct selection of information sources significantly impacts the readability of the retrieved sources in the library. On the other hand, the collection development, organization of resources, and their classification in libraries, as well as the design of efficient and user-friendly user interfaces that sufficiently support the selection of resources, require sufficient knowledge of the behavior of choosing resources by users. Based on this, the present study aimed to identify the components of book selection behavior by adolescent members of public libraries in Kermanshah Province of Iran. The current research was conducted with a qualitative approach, and the research method was qualitative content analysis. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The participants were adolescent members of Kermanshah Province public libraries affiliated to the Iran Public Libraries Foundation in the winter of 2021. The purposive sampling, also known as judgmental sampling, was used to select participants and continued until data saturation was reached. The qualitative content analysis method was used to analyze the findings. The analysis of the interview data led to the formation of 12 main codes and 285 sub-codes, which were classified into 5 categories and 30 concepts. The main categories were: factors related to the user (including demographic characteristics; personality and intellectual characteristics; interest; life issues and events; previous knowledge; experiences and skills; the goals of selecting a book in public libraries; time and cost spent to select; selection strategies; the process of selecting a book; measurement of credit and quality of resources; the causes of communicating with the book and reading it up to the end; reasons for not reading or half reading books); factors related to books (including apparent and physical elements; bibliographic elements; content elements; mold, language, expression and style); factors related to the library (consisting of reading programs; environmental factors; facilities and facilities; human factors); people, media, productions, occasions, programs, and lists influencing book selection (including persons; media; production of printed works; occasions and programs; lists); and barriers to book selection in public libraries (includes: library; book; person; society). The behavior of selecting information resources of adolescent members of public libraries showed the complexity and influence of this behavior by numerous factors, including individual differences, appearance and content characteristics of books, environmental factors, and library factors. The components identified in the aforementioned behavior can be used as a basis for a broad survey of users’ information resource selection behavior in physical and virtual environments and can also be used as a guide for acquisition, space creation, and service design in libraries, compilation of resources and appearance, and structural design of books by authors and publishers.

This study highlights the scientific legacy and impact of Dr Saeed-Ul Hassan’s research on the world of science. He was a remarkable researcher in the fields of scientometrics, altmetrics, artificial intelligence, and data science, as evidenced by the Eugene Garfield Awards he received for innovation in citation analysis in 2017 and 2022. Based on datasets retrieved from the Scopus database for the years 2009–2022, he collaborated with 157 researchers from 22 different nations and his research findings are published in reputable journals and conferences. In the last five years of his life, his scholarly publications and scientific impact significantly increased. His significant attention to Open Access publications and high levels of worldwide collaboration have greatly contributed to his impact in the world of science. The results of altmetric studies indicate that Dr SU Hassan’s scientific publications are widely accepted by researchers on Twitter and Mendeley. The majority of individuals that tweeted and read his publications were from European and American nations. His research had the greatest impact on experts in the fields of scientometrics, computer science and social sciences, according to the classification of the readers of his research articles.

Customer engagement is the customer's involvement and connection with the brand. Most businesses will face serious problems in keeping customers and their loyalty and willingness to repeat purchases and recommend a service to others until this interaction is not optimally established. The objective of the current research was to measure the effects of content marketing on engaging online customers, in the field of publishing Persian printed books based on the 2PDM model. The present research was conducted using the case study research method, following a qualitative research design. The research population consists of Persian book publishing companies in the cultural and artistic fields in Tehran, among which a well-known publisher was selected by the judgmental sampling method. The observation was used to collect data from three channels including the website of the publisher, Instagram, and Telegram, using digital analytics tools (Google Analytics and Keyhole) before and after the implementation of content marketing. The results of measuring customers' online engagement metrics on the Instagram channel of the selected publisher showed that the rate of customers’ online engagement has increased by 4.61 percent compared to the previous situation. Considering a 35.8 percent increase in the number of Telegram members compared to the previous situation, a 13.2 percent increase in the average page/session, and a one-minute increase in the average session duration on the website, it can be concluded that content marketing activities have effects on customers’ online engagement in three channels: the website, Telegram, and Instagram. The insights obtained from this study can be a practical help for the realization of content marketing and the efficacy of content marketing activists in book publishing companies, especially in Persian printed book publishing, and can also help publishing specialists in optimizing the design and implementation of content marketing.

The primary objective of the current research is to compare Lotka's law of author productivity and the Google Scholar i10-Index with the number of authors and their articles in the field of chemistry in Iran indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) from 2000 to 2020. This study is a descriptive-qualitative type of research that was carried out using the scientometric approach. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all Iranian articles published in the field of chemistry indexed in the Science Citation Index Expanded. Some scientometric software packages were used to analyze the data with Lotka’s law and i10-index. The most prolific Iranian authors in chemistry were Mohamadreza Ganjali from the University of Tehran, Majid Heravi from Alzahra University, and Mojtaba Shamsipur from the Razi University of Kermanshah, all being acclaimed scientists in Iran. The results suggest that the validity of Lotka’s law was not confirmed in measuring Iranian authors' productivity in the field of chemistry. However, it is hard to draw a negative conclusion about the validity of Lotka’s law from a single experiment. Moreover, investigating the i10-index revealed that 85% of the Iranian authors with more than one publication have an i10-index. The results also indicated that the validity of Lotka’s law cannot be confirmed, considering the Iranian chemistry papers indexed in the WoS. Furthermore, the results imply that the i10-index closely follows the authors with over one published paper and presents a high capability application in this field as a credible index.

This study is a tribute to Professor Henri Dou, President of the Scientific Council of the Academy of Economic Intelligence in Paris and Distinguished Professor of Information and Communication Sciences at Aix-Marseille University, France. This tribute shows his legacy and influence in the scientific field. The present research is a scientometric analysis of all documents published by Professor Henri Dou and indexed in the Scopus database. We used the capabilities of Bibliometrix R Package, VOSviewer, and Excel software to analyze the data. The publication trend of Professor Dou was a sinusoidal trend. During his scientific career, he has been able to collaborate with researchers from 11 countries, which shows his attention to the issue of science diplomacy. In addition to international collaborations, this distinguished professor has paid special attention to national collaboration and intra-organizational collaboration, so most of his scientific activities have been with French researchers and researchers at Aix-Marseille University. The subject areas of innovation, competitive intelligence, and invention analysis have been among the topics of interest of this distinguished professor. This study shows the scientific portrait, scientific diplomacy, and international cooperation of Professor Henri Dou with other researchers and better depicts the research fields studied by him.

Wiktionary is a collaborative web-based project to produce a free-content multilingual dictionary of terms in all natural languages and in a number of artificial languages. This study aims to provide an overview of the citation rate of Wiktionary. The primary source of data utilized in this study was the Scopus database. A REFERENCE search was conducted for indexed citations in the Scopus citation index, to find citations to Wiktionary in June 2023. Bibliometrix was used to design the keyword co-occurrence network of author-supplied keywords of documents citing Wiktionary. This study determines to what extent the Wiktionary is used and cited by papers indexed in Scopus. The total number of citations to Wiktionary from 2006 was 1,766 of which the highest number of citations is 161 in the year 2017 and the lowest number of citations is five in the year 2006. Wiktionary is highly cited by the subject areas of computer science, social sciences, and arts and humanities. The analysis of the language distribution of citations to Wiktionary indicates that the authors of citing papers used Wiktionary in different languages. However, the English language was the most dominant language of citing documents with 1,642 citations (i.e., 93%). Wiktionary was cited 1,766 times in Scopus by different languages (especially English, German, and French) in different countries (especially the U.S. with 335 citations, Germany with 295 citations, and France with 122 citations) mainly by the subject areas of computer science, social sciences, and arts and humanities. The significance of Wiktionary from a citation analysis point of view goes well beyond open access and enhanced opportunities for citation in linguistics, natural language processing systems, computational linguistics, semantics, and ontology.

This study aims to analyze the retracted publications of Middle Eastern countries through citation analysis, lag-time between publication and retraction, and exploring the reasons for retraction. Data was gathered by the document method and analyzing data was done by bibliometric analysis. Data were collected from the core collection of the Web of Science. The research findings suggest an increasing trend in the number of retracted papers from Middle Eastern countries. Also, the results of Kendall's τ coefficient showed that the total number of publications is significantly related to the number of retracted papers. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference between the total number of citations and the four quartiles (i.e. Q1-Q4), and according to the average ranks, the journals of the first (Q1) and second (Q2) quartiles had received the highest number of total citations. Furthermore, the results of this test between quartiles and citations before and after retraction showed that there was a significant difference between different quartiles in citations after retraction, and the journals of the first (Q1) and second (Q2) quartiles received the most citations. In addition, there was a significant difference in the number of citations before retraction between different quartiles, and the highest average rank was related to the journals of the second quartile (Q2) and the first quartile (Q1), respectively. The highest number of retracted papers has been published in Bahrain. Based on the proportion of citations to each document, the highest proportion belonged to Israel. Also, the countries of Cyprus, Kuwait, Israel, and Iraq have the highest average time between publication and retraction, and Iran ranks ninth. In addition, it should be noted that the two countries of Oman and Jordan, which are ranked 14th and 15th respectively, each had only one retracted paper. In addition, the highest number of retracted papers and research misconduct was related to the field of biological sciences and biomedicine. The countries of Cyprus, Kuwait, and Israel had the longest time interval between publication and retraction. In all Middle Eastern countries, most papers were retracted due to research misconduct such as plagiarism and Redundant publication. The results show that in the present era, it should be noted that citation is not a sufficient reason for the quality of the work while using previous studies, because many citations received by the works are not valid enough. Journal editors and database administrators should take measures to prevent authoritative citations to these works. Also, examining the status of retracted papers based on citations, the time interval between publication and retraction in different subject areas showed that the highest numbers of retracted papers were related to the field of biological sciences and biomedicine. Furthermore, the longest distance between publication and retraction, the largest number of citations, and the most citations received after retraction belonged to this field. It can be seen that there are three very effective factors in spreading the negative impact of retraction papers in the field of biological sciences and biomedicine. This result means that the required time for retraction in this area is longer than in other areas, and this can have damaging consequences. The longer the lifespan of flawed research, the higher the price the scientific community must pay. It is very important to carry out detailed judgments and demand raw data and files related to data analysis in a mandatory manner, especially on issues related to public health. Using retracted papers and citing them has many adverse effects. These effects are doubled when the citations are made after retraction and the citation is made in one of the medical fields. In this regard, arrangements should be made to properly inform others about the retraction status of paper in sensitive scientific fields such as the medical field. Correspondingly, all original versions of the paper that may have been published on the journal's website, the author's resume, or social networks will be completely removed.

The fourth industrial revolution, with the convergence of new technologies, has led to the emergence of smart cities. While the smartening of cities by governments has been happening at a high speed, the concept and implementation of the smart city are still being updated and changed. In this regard, the current research aims to analyze the thematic trends of publications on smart cities in the Web of Science (WoS) database from the emergence of the fourth industrial revolution to 2021 and track the thematic trends of these studies. This scientometric research was carried out descriptively with the content analysis method, using the techniques of co-occurrence analysis and social network analysis. The trends of publications and citation influence of studies in the field of smart cities in the last decade have had an upward growth of 38.78% and 69.49%, respectively. In the three time periods, "IoT, City, Internet, and Wireless Sensor Network" have the most frequency, "IOT, City, Internet, and Wireless Sensor Network" have the most connections, and "ipv6, Sustainable City, and Urban Development" in 2012–2015, "Taxonomy, cloud objects and distributed computing" in 2016–2018 and "literature review, urban informatics, and sustainable urban development" in 2019-2021 have received the most citations. In 2012–2015, clusters of sensor networks, smartphones, genetic algorithms, advanced sensors, ubiquitous city, and m2m; in 2016-2018 clusters of deep learning, participation, evolutionary algorithms, ubiquitous computing, and smart cities; and in 2019-2021 blockchain clusters, participation citizenship, IoT, topics, technologies and tools, multi-agent systems, and Brazil were identified.

The i10-index is one of the newest scientometric indicators used to evaluate researchers in any field of science. The present study analyzes the top ten percent of Iranian medical researchers using the i10-index in the Web of Science database. The present study is descriptive-analytical research conducted using a scientometric approach. The research population includes the top ten percent of Iranian medical researchers whose publications were indexed in the Web of Science database between 2011 and 2020. Descriptive and inferential statistics and i10-index were used to analyze the data using the HistCite and the BibExcel software. Then, the results were sorted in the Excel software. Finally, the h-index and the number of citations of all researchers were compared with their i10-index. The findings show that in medical sciences, Iran ranked 23rd in the world, sixth in Asia, and first in the Middle East in Web of Science in the period 2011-2020, and the growth of scientific publications shows an upward trend. Moreover, there is a direct and positive relationship between the h-index and the i10-index of the top ten percent of medical researchers. This is confirmed with a correlation of 0.645. Also, a correlation of 0.269 shows a direct and positive relationship between the number of citations and the i10-index of the top ten percent of medical researchers. The results show that there is a positive and direct relationship between the h-index and the number of citations of the top ten percent of Iranian medical researchers with their i10-index.

The purpose of this study was to analyze citations to the Lancet journals in patents based on the Lens database. This study indicates to what extent the Lancet is used and cited by inventors worldwide. We analyzed the innovation impact and distributions of patent citations to the Lancet. The primary source of patent data utilized in this study was the Lens database (www.lens.org). This study indicates to what extent the Lancet is used and cited by inventors. We analyzed the distributions of patent citations to the Lancet. The results show that the total number of patent citations to the Lancet papers on the Lens was 114,069. Most patents cited to the Lancet papers have been granted by the United States, WIPO, European Patens, China, Japan, Korea, Germany, UK, France, and Russia. It was noted that the highest number of patents were in the A class (Human necessities), especially the following CPC subclass: A61P 35/00 (Antineoplastic agents: Drugs); A61P 43/00 (Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P 1/00-A61P 41/00); A61K 45/06 (Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca); A61P 29/00 (Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]); A61P 25/00 (Drugs for disorders of the nervous system). This study analyzed the frequency of patent citations to the Lancet. The results show that the total number of patent citations to papers published in the Lancet was 114,069. The Lancet's papers are cited in patents of the Class A (Human Necessities). Thus, the Lancet serves the human necessities and health care.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the extent that information organization in several children's and primary school libraries merits the quality characteristics suggested by the library professional community schools in Tehran. Methods: A systematic literature review based on the PRISMA framework and focus group interviews were carried out to explore what criteria and standards are suggested for information organization in children’s libraries. Data analysis at this stage was done through thematic analysis. Based on the findings, a checklist was designed to find out to what extent such considerations were actually observed by librarians in investigated libraries. The data gathered by a checklist were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings: Characteristics identified included themes and components affecting the information organization process in three sections: descriptive cataloging, analytical cataloging, and classification. In the descriptive cataloging section, in connection with the main category of standard cataloging, cataloging according to the standards and cataloging rules, and in the category of notes, inserting abstracts and table of contents and including the age group or level of education. In the analytical cataloging section, the focus was on the function and mission of the information organization; with regard to the user, the focus was on the needs, interests, and expressive characteristics of users in different age groups and educational levels; in the category of information sources, identifying topics and resource-based activities through communication with experts, sites, groups, and organizations related to children's literature, such as groups to promote reading and attention to the table of contents and images; and in the category of methods and tools for assigning topics and standards and as specific and practical keywords as possible (via Persian Subject Headings, Subject Headings for Children, thesaurus, and social labeling), creating an ontology and establishing semantic relationships between subjects, assigning more than three topics and keywords to each resource, inserting the format of the work, were suggested as a subdivision into topics as much as possible and the creation of an appropriate reference system for the uniformity of topics and keywords. With regard to classification, Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), and with regard to supplementary methods, the separation of resources based on thematic classification and the separation of resources according to an age group or educational level was suggested. The second part of the research showed that more than half of the school libraries had used ISO through the National Library bibliography database. In the notes section, most librarians listed the appropriate age group for the book. The topics in the analytical cataloging section are devoted to items such as age group, book images, and format, CIP topics, and rarely keywords are allocated through indexing and content analysis of the book. Librarians have paid less attention to other influential components such as school functions and duties, students' interests, and so on. In the category of classification, libraries have mostly used DDC and general topics along with other symbols and methods. Conclusion: Insufficient attention has been paid to storing, representing, and retrieving children's information resources based on the themes and components of the identified characteristics.

Introduction: The creation and development of smart cities require creating a suitable platform, infrastructure, and capacity for the sharing and using capital and knowledge assets, including data, information, and knowledge produced by citizens, the government, and various organizations in all fields. One of the main problems and obstacles to the creation and development of smart cities is that knowledge assets of different types are distributed in different sectors or even in different regions related to stakeholders, as well as their systems and the purpose of using them. These are important ethical issues that need to be addressed by stakeholders/trustees in smart cities. The current state of active information and knowledge centers in the country, related to sharing knowledge assets, has created obstacles to the smart transformation and smartening of the above centers in data-oriented and knowledge-based smart cities. The present study, while pointing to the need for inter-organizational knowledge-sharing in smartening socio-cultural organizations, including information and knowledge centers, seeks to state the problems as the factors affecting the current state of inter-organizational knowledge sharing and the importance of identifying the underlying factors, steps, processes, methods and tools and ultimately the consequences in above centers in the context of smart cities. Methodology: The present applied study has been compiled with an analytical review approach using the documentary-library method based on the literature review and related texts in the fields of knowledge management, smart cities, and cultural development of these intelligent cities focusing on cultural institutions providing information and knowledge. In the present study, by using the documentary method, after explaining the position of information and knowledge organizations and centers in the smart city on the one hand and the necessity of inter-organizational knowledge sharing in the smart city; on the other hand, the need for inter-organizational knowledge sharing in the smartening up information and knowledge organizations and centers has been discussed. Findings: Sharing inter-organizational knowledge and knowledge capital are the key issues in the creation and development of smart cities. Socio-cultural organizations, as the providers of information and knowledge, have an important role in the cultural development of smart cities in dimensions of people and smart life, although there is no effective interaction and coordination between these organizations, their resources, and actions. Under the management and sharing of existing assets between these organizations, re-employment in the production and use of data, information and knowledge are prevented by various organizations, reducing the costs and the ability to share knowledge assets is effectively utilized in terms of planning, decision-making, and smartening services. Conclusion: Smart cities will be the result of interactions between citizens, organizations, and urban functions using data, information, knowledge, and information and communication technologies. As a result, it is necessary for all the organizations that are the source of providing services to citizens in certain areas in the city, based on a series of common data, information, and knowledge and at a common point, to make their decisions and only the result of the works of several organizations should be presented to the main beneficiaries or citizens. In this regard, smart cities as new urban ecosystems using open data, information, and knowledge as well as innovation system will lead to the integration of digital information and communication technologies, knowledge assets, and, consequently, increased responsiveness to citizens and improved quality of life. On the other hand, the ultimate goal of the smart city is to provide smart services in all areas related to urban life. Activities in the field of information and knowledge are associated with significant changes in the social and cultural structure of life and intelligent citizens and open a new arena for policymakers, including cultural organizations such as information and knowledge organizations.

The phenomenon of information plays an ever-more pivotal role in the 21st century information age. This editorial note defines informology as a field of science that deals with the phenomenon of information. The information as an important matter should be studied to identify its characteristics and values in the digital millennium. Informology, like other fields of science, needs to be studied and matured over the time. The Informology journal particularly attracts innovative research articles on information-related phenomena from emerging domain experts and early career researchers but also seeks to publish scholarly work by authors who combine research with academic teaching or other professional employment.

Objective: Wikipedia is a social multilingual encyclopedia that integrates all information about a particular topic on its platform. The present study aims to analyze the thematic content of Persian articles contributed in the field of library and information science (LIS) in Wikipedia and to identify the thematic gaps in this field. Materials and Methods: The data were collected using two different methods: document analysis and observation. In the first and second phases of the study, 591 Persian articles written in the categories of Library and Information Science and other related sub-categories were identified and analyzed. Then, their thematic content and gaps were investigated using a checklist developed based on the JITA Classification System of LIS. The collected data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Findings: The results revealed the following thematic content distribution of Persian articles written in the field of Library and Information Science in Wikipedia based on the JITA Classification System: “I. Information treatment for information services” class with 134 articles (22.69% out of 591 articles), “H. Information sources, supports, channels” class with 126 articles (21.32%), “L. Information technology and library technology” class with 84 articles (14.24%), “E. Publishing and legal issues” class with 58 articles (9.82%), “B. Information use and sociology of information” class with 57 articles (9.65%), “G. Industry, profession and education” class with 51 articles (8.64%), “D. Libraries as physical collections” class with 40 articles (6.78%), “A. Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information” class with 16 articles (2.72%), “J. Technical services in libraries, archives, museum” class with 10 articles (1.7%), “F. Management” class with 9 articles (1.52%), “C. Users, literacy and reading” class with 4 articles (0.68%), and “K. Housing technologies” class with 2 articles (0.34%). Conclusion: Due to the thematic dispersion of Persian Wikipedia articles, Iranian LIS professionals should improve the quantity and quality of Persian articles on Wikipedia, especially on topics with thematic gaps. While reviewing the articles, it was observed that some articles were weak in terms of content and scope. It is suggested that librarians, information specialists, and information professionals help Wikipedia to strengthen and improve its articles, which in turn benefits the millions of users around the world.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop an indicator for measuring the relationships between publications, patents, and production (so-called 3Ps). The purpose of this study was to investigate these relationships further to propose a new model. Materials and Methods: To examine the relationships between publications, patents, and production, several models in the field of science, technology, and innovation (STI) have been reviewed. Results: The Triple P model assumes a tripartite influence connection among publications, patents, and production. The Triple P refers to publications, patents, and production of a particular country or institution in a specific field, subfield, or specialty in a given period. This model can be used as an indicator to measure the attention level of countries or institutions to a particular product. Conclusion: The Triple P model refers to a set of interactions between publications, patents, and production, to foster scientific, economic, social, and technological development. This study presents the way to measure the interrelationships between the Triple P’s of publications, patents, and production of a particular country or a specific field.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to measure the number of contributions and highlight quantitatively the contributions made by French researchers in the field of Information Science indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoS CC) during 1990-2021 from altmetric and bibliometric perspectives. Materials and Methods: The bibliometric data were collected from WoS and three indexes of SCI-Expanded, SSCI, and A&HCI in the period 1990-2021. Scientometric data analysis was done using the HistCite, VOSviewer, CiteSpace softwares, and altmetric data analysis was performed using the Altmetrics.com and social sites such as ResearchGate, Academia, and Mendeley. Results: The analysis showed that 1959 documents were published by French researchers in the field of Information Science. The highest number of publications was 114 documents contributed in 2020. The number of cited publications of French researchers in this field was more than the number of uncited publications, and this trend in cited publications was an upward trend. Michel Zitt and the Center National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) were the most prolific researcher and institute in the field of Information Science in France. The two journals, Social Science Information (Information sur les sciences sociales) and Scientometrics, published the most publications in this field. Moreover, the findings showed that topics such as information retrieval, and information systems were hotspots for research, as well as issues such as social media and big data, emerging topics in the field of Information Science in France. Conclusion: The publishing trend in the field of Information Science in France is an upward trend, and the United States and the UK were the main French collaborators in this field. The results of this study can serve as a roadmap for French researchers and research institutes to understand the current and future research trends in the field of Information Science in France.

Objective: This survey aimed to determine the priorities of formal and informal sources of information for decision-making among managers of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Jey Industrial Zone (Shahrak-e Sanati-e Jey) in Isfahan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This quantitative research was done as a descriptive survey to determine the priorities of formal and informal sources of information for decision-making among managers of small and medium industrial enterprises. Jey Industrial Zone (Shahrak-e Sanati-e Jey) was selected for the study with 183 industrial enterprises, and 124 industrial enterprises were selected as the sample. Data was collected via a researcher-designed questionnaire. The validity of the data gathering tool was confirmed by the content validity method, and the reliability was determined using the Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient, with a result of 0.93. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: Technical information, information on the competition, and customer information are the types of information used in decision-making by managers in SMEs. Past documents archives, annual reports, and mission, vision, and goals of the industrial enterprises had the highest priority in internal and formal information sources and search tools, websites, web blogs, etc., and special books had the highest priority in external and formal sources. Knowledge and personal information (based on experience), experts, and colleagues had the highest priority in using informal sources. Conclusion: It can be concluded that managers in SMEs in Isfahan prefer internal formal information sources rather than external sources. Thus, there is a difference between the amount of internal and external sources usage. It is also revealed that informal information sources are used more than formal information sources in decision-making by managers in SMEs in Isfahan. Moreover, managers in middle-sized enterprises use informal information sources more than managers in micro and small enterprises.

Background and Aim: Bibliotherapy is a useful treatment for the prevention and treatment of mental disorders and has led to the formation of many scientific publications in this field. The purpose of this study was to investigate the publication trends in the field of bibliotherapy and visualize the structure of its scientific collaborations based on the Web of Science database during the period 1975 to 2020. Materials and Methods: The present scientometric study was conducted by citation analysis and social network analysis. The statistical population includes 1032 documents published. HistCite, VOSveiwer, Pajek, and UciNet software were used to analyze the data. The co-authorship networks were analyzed and drawn by the VOSviewer software. Results: The U.S., the UK, and Australia were ranked first to third with 369, 148, and 91 documents respectively. The documents published by researchers from these three countries have received 10547, 3459, and 3041 citations, respectively. The Universities of Alabama, Nevada, and the Karolinska Institutet in Sweden published the most in this field, with 29, 26, and 21 documents. Scogin F, Cuijpers P, and Rohde P were the most prolific authors with 29, 21, and 17 documents, respectively. Miller WR, Cuijpers P, and Andersson G received the most citations with 2441, 2298, and 1750, citations respectively. The UK with 63 degree centrality, the U.S. the most influential country with a betweenness centrality of 191.450 and the closeness centrality of the 80 were the most influential countries, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam with a betweenness centrality of 1416.755 and a closeness centrality of 658 and the Karolinska Institute with a degree centrality of 43 was the most influential organizations. Rohde P with 39-degree centrality and Cuijpers P with 314.500 betweenness centrality and 821 closeness centrality were the most active author in the co-authorship networks in bibliotherapy. Journal of Clinical Counseling and Psychology was the most cited and the Journal of Poetry Therapy published the most documents. Conclusion: Paying more attention than before to the cooperation of countries, universities and active authors in the field of bibliotherapy can lead to more knowledge and experience exchange in developed and developing countries.

Mega-events have always been an attractive topic for sports management academics. We used scientometric software packages to look at the studies on this topic that have been added to the Web of Science database in the last 68 years. Not only did we give an overview of the background information of the researchers, the status of their collaborations, and the countries and institutions they represented, but we also pointed out active and influential publication sources on this topic. We focused on the Olympic Games and other sports mega-events like the FIFA World Cups, as well as the environmental, tourism, economic, social, political, and cultural aspects of these events. We also made a list of the countries, organizations, and scholars who have made important contributions to the field. Researchers in sports management and sporting event hosts can both use this study as a guide for their own work.

Objective: Knowledge sharing is one of the key areas for knowledge-based companies and is one of the most important priorities for knowledge management practitioners in the world. Knowledge sharing in the organization reduces costs in knowledge production and ensures the dissemination of working methods within the organization and enables the organization to solve its problems and issues, otherwise organizations in a competitive environment with many challenges and crises they face. Materials and Methods: The purpose of this article is to determine the weighting and prioritization of factors affecting knowledge sharing in Guilan Science and Technology Park using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In the first step, based on knowledge management studies and literature, a researcher-made 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was created, which was distributed and collected as a questionnaire between two groups of external and internal experts. Results: Factors affecting knowledge sharing were identified and categorized in four dimensions: 1) individual factors 2) organizational factors 3) socio-cultural factors and 4) technology factors. In the next step, in the form of a pair of questionnaires and with the help of Expert Choice software, these factors were prioritized and weighted. . According to the results of the second questionnaire; Socio-cultural factors (weighing 0. 340); Individual factors (weighing 0. 287), technological factors (weighing 0. 237) and organizational factors (weighing 0. 136) have the greatest impact on knowledge sharing, respectively. Conclusion: It is suggested that the managers and policy makers of Guilan Science and Technology Park strongly support the socio-cultural factors in the organizational units with the help of human resources in order to make the most of the results of knowledge sharing.

Objectives: This research aimed to investigate Wikipedia citations to the Iranian English-language journals approved by the Iranian Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (MSRT). Methods: This descriptive survey was conducted based on citation analysis and scientometric techniques. The study population includes 239 English-language journals approved by the Iranian MSRT. Each journal's full title and abbreviated title were used to search on Wikipedia, and collected data were analyzed using Excel software. Results: The findings indicated that Wikipedia cited 78 journals approved by the Iranian Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology. These 78 journals had 464 citations from Wikipedia. It is worth noting that the "Iranian Journal of Botany" received the most citations from Wikipedia. Journals in the fields of basic sciences received the most citations among other journals approved by the MSRT. Moreover, 165 Wikipedia's citing articles were in English, and among Wikipedia articles, articles in the plant category cited to the MSRT journals the most. Furthermore, 412 Wikipedia articles were in English, and among Wikipedia articles, articles in the plant category cited the MSRT journals most than others. Among the articles published in the journals approved by the MSRT, the articles with the thematic classification of plants, animals, and lakes of Iran attracted more citations from Wikipedia articles, respectively. Wikipedia articles in English, French, and German, respectively cited them more. Among the journals cited by the Wikipedia articles, 27 journals in the field of basic sciences, 19 journals in the field of technical and engineering, 17 journals in the field of agriculture and natural resources, 9 journals in the field of humanities, 4 journals in the field of veterinary, and only 2 journals in the field of art and architecture have been cited. In total, out of 239 journals approved by the MSRT, only 78 journals have been cited by the Wikipedia articles. In other words, about 33% of the investigated journals have been cited, which can be attributed to the lack of attention of Wikipedia articles to scientific and research journals. Conclusions: By improving their policies and strategies, Iranian journals can be better recognized internationally in terms of citation impact, social impact, and popularization of science. For this reason, science policymakers should pay more attention to the relationship between scientific journals and the public, especially Wikipedia, to generalize and popularize science and research. This study also shows the lack of attention of bibliometricians and scientometricians in evaluating the promotion of science and scientific research via encyclopedias.

Scientific productions (publications and patents), as an indicator of the activities of the scientific system, countries, organizations, and research centers, have always been the focus of policymakers and decision-makers at the national and international levels. The main purpose of this study was to study the performance of researchers supported by the Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) in the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. The present research has been done by the descriptive method and the scientometric approach. The data obtained from the research were analyzed using the HistCite, VOSviewer, and Excel software. The research population consists of scientific publications indexed in the Scopus database with a number of 10397 on June 14, 2021, and in WoS with a number of 11530 documents on May 11, 2021. The findings showed that publications supported by the INSF have an increasing trend and the main formats of scientific publications were research articles, review articles, quick access articles, litigation articles, and book chapters. Among the authors of publications and citations, Massoud Salavati with 325 documents was the most prolific author in Scopus, and Abbas Shafiei with 199 documents was the most prolific author in WoS. Analysis of articles showed that 36.32 percent of articles were published in journals of the first and second quartiles (Q 1 and Q 2), which indicated the scientific quality of the articles. The publications supported by the INSF have had the most national collaborations with the University of Tehran, Tarbiat Modares University, and the Sharif University of Technology in WoS. Research publications supported by the INSF nationally have had the most collaborations with the University of Tehran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and Islamic Azad University in papers indexed in Scopus. The publications supported by the INSF at the international level in WoS have had the most collaborations with Iran, the US, Germany, and Canada. The publications supported by the INSF have also had the most international cooperation with Iran, the US, Germany, and Canada in Scopus. Analyzing the subject areas of publications showed that most of its publications in WoS were in the field of multidisciplinary chemistry with 1083 documents, multidisciplinary sciences with 998 documents, and chemistry physics with 837 documents. Investigating the subject category of publications supported by the NSF in Scopus indicated that the field of chemistry with 3022 documents, engineering with 2585 documents, and material science with 2496 documents have the most documents.

Highly cited papers reflect the top 1% of field and publication year papers. Highly cited papers are important in terms of the number of citations they receive in their subject area and often attract the attention of most researchers in terms of their high quality. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze highly cited papers in the field of sport sciences from a bibliometric perspective and to identify subject areas that have the potential to be highly cited. This research analyzed highly cited papers in the field of sport sciences published during 2010-2020, indexed in the Web of Science of the Clarivate Analytics. The results show that most of the highly cited papers in sport sciences are in sport medicine and published by prominent and renowned researchers. Moreover, most of these papers were contributed by researchers from the European and American continents. The results also show that the United States of America (USA), McMaster University of Canada, and Professor Lars Engebretsen led in publishing highly cited papers in sport sciences. It can be concluded that five thematic clusters were formed by highly cited papers in sport sciences, most of which were in the subject area of sport injuries and exercise physiology. Only highly cited papers in the field of sport sciences were analyzed, and a thorough analysis of all papers in this field is needed for a definite conclusion. This study identifies that the subject area has a great impact on a paper to be highly cited, and only some subject areas in the discipline of Sport Sciences have the potential to be highly cited.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the role of public libraries in the development of the local economy from the perspective of librarians working in public libraries of Kermanshah province in the current and desirable situation of public libraries. This study extracts the activities that the public library can do in the development of the local economy in the form of information and information services, educational and research, consulting and reference, and analyzes the level of service provision in both available and desirable modes. Method: The use of a researcher-made questionnaire has been investigated. The construct and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts, and its reliability was calculated through Cronbach's alpha at 0.955 and 0.935 at optimum conditions. This is a survey study. The statistical population of the study was 194 librarians of Kermanshah Public Libraries. The Cochran formula was used to determine the sample size, which yielded a sample size of 126 individuals. The SPSS software was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire, implementing descriptive statistics. Findings: Findings showed that in the current situation, ancillary services with a mean of 3.05%, information and information services with a mean of 2.59%, educational and research services with a mean of 2.32, at a relatively desirable level, and consulting and reference services in the situation with a mean of 0.04 are at an undesirable level. On the other hand, ancillary services with an average of 2.86%, educational and research services with a mean of 2.54%, information and information services with a mean of 2.34, and consulting and reference services with a mean of 2.26 are at a desirable level, respectively. It can be concluded that the level of public library services (information, information, education, research, and auxiliary services) is at a relatively desirable level and that consulting and reference services are at a poor level. On the other hand, in terms of the desirable level of service provision (information services, education and research, information consulting and reference, and ancillary services) are at a desirable and relatively desirable level. The ranking of services showed that in the current conditions, the ancillary services, information services, educational and research, consulting, and reference services are ranked first to fourth, respectively. The ancillary services, education and research, information and information, and consulting and reference are ranked in the favorable conditions first to fourth, respectively. Therefore, in comparison to each of the services in the current and favorable conditions, in all cases, the services were different. Originality/value: The present study is one of the few national investigations that analyzes the role of public libraries in the development of the local economy and examines the views of librarians and decision-makers of these services who deal with the problems and issues in providing them in libraries. With the results of this study, the managers of Iranian public libraries can make the necessary plans to play one of the important roles of public libraries in Iran, which is the development of the local and indigenous economy.

Objective: Due to the inherent features of the digital environment, such as the ease of dissemination of information widely and quickly, or the possibility of manipulating digital content by anonymous users, the digital environment and digital libraries pose many challenges to copyright and legislative decision-making to approve new laws and rules. Investigating the issues and challenges of copyright of digital content, especially textual resources can help to develop digital libraries. The aim of this research was to identify, determine and prioritize the issues and challenges of copyright of textual digital resources from the viewpoint of managers of academic digital libraries in Tehran. Methodology: The methodology of this applied research was the analytical survey and the total number of managers of academic digital libraries in Tehran was selected as the research population (31 managers). The data were collected through library studies and a questionnaire. First, previous studies and the documentary research method were used to review the fundamental issues and challenges of copyright of textual digital resources in order to design a questionnaire based on the research model. Then, by reviewing the literature and the basis of the research model, a questionnaire with 60 items and eight sections was developed after validation using expert opinion and reliability verification using Cronbach's alpha method and distributed among 31 managers of academic digital libraries in Tehran. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistical methods by the SPSS and the Smart PLS softwares Findings: The findings showed that from the viewpoints of managers of academic digital libraries' in Tehran, issues and challenges of copyright of textual digital resources are as follows in order of importance: defective copyright laws, exceptions and fair use, the nature of the digital space, libraries actions, protective and system and network technologies, economy, contract and licenses, and moral considerations. The model validity of the issues and challenges affecting the copyright of digital textual resources was verified using structural and measurement models. Indicators of the nature of the digital environment in order of importance were: the ease of unauthorized sharing of copyrighted works simultaneously among multiple users; the ease of scientific and literary manipulation (plagiarism); the ambiguity of responsibility and the right to protect the digital content by digital libraries; the ease of copy and paste of digital texts; the distortion and dissemination of copyrighted materials; the problem of validating the authenticity of digital content; the possibility of unauthorized reproduction at the international level; the inaccurate identification of the production site and the publisher of the work; and failure to identify the provenance and publisher of digital content. Conclusion: The challenge of defective copyright laws is the most important problem facing the copyright of textual digital resources. Due to the widespread use of digital information resources, there is a strong need to solve problems and challenges related to the defective copyright laws. Therefore, it is important to investigate and resolve issues related to elements and constituents of copyright, including the limitations of copyright for digital libraries due to the legal issues, the challenges of new media and data formats, and the need for contracts between publishers and content creators, etc.

Background and aim: Scientometric studies are one of the most efficient methods of scientific evaluation in a valid scientific database. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the co-word analysis of scientific outputs in the field of bibliotherapy in the Web of Science (WoS). Materials and methods: This scientometric study was conducted using library methods and network analysis. The statistical population of this study included all documents indexed in the WoS with the subject of bibliotherapy from 1975 to 2020. Data were analyzed using Excel, Pajek, UCINET, Netdraw, and VOSviewer softwares. Findings: The results showed that the scientific outputs in the field of bibliotherapy had no appropriate growth rate, and the growth rate of the total scientific outputs in this field was 3%. The field of "psychology" was the most active one with the production of 49% of bibliotherapy studies. Based on the study of the co-word network in the field of bibliotherapy, six thematic clusters were identified. The "Bibliotherapy for children" cluster with 1013 keywords was recognized as the largest cluster, and the "Bibliotherapy" keyword with 543 frequencies was the most frequent keywords. The "Bibliotherapy" and "Depression" keywords with 153 frequencies had the most co-word occurrence. The network density was 1.26. Moreover, the keywords of bibliotherapy, depression, and self-help had the highest rank centrality (100, 85.417, and 82.292), betweenness centrality (11.194, 5.378 and 4.310), and closeness centrality (100, 87.273, and 84.956), respectively. Conclusion: The trend of bibliotherapy studies was poor, and the medical fields had not paid much attention to its use in the treatment of diseases. Therefore, health policy makers must take the necessary plans to improve and strengthen bibliotherapy studies in all areas.

This study attempted to draw the present and future perspective of the COVID-19 vaccine by identifying the most important scientists and their scientific contexts, trends of research topics, and relationships between different entities. Methods: To achieve this purpose, bibliometric and scientometric techniques were used to analyze 6288 scientific documents contributing to COVID-19 vaccines from the beginning of 2019 to 13 December 2021, indexed in the Web of Science. Results: The United States (US) had the greatest impact by publishing 2104 documents and receiving 32,958 citations. The US and the UK countries had the highest level of scientific collaborations with 192 collaborative studies. The University of Oxford and the Harvard Medical School were the most active institutions, and the University of Oxford and Emory University were the most influential institutions. Pollard AJ and Lambe T had the most publications and the highest citations and h-index. T Lambe, SC Gilbert, M Voysey, and AJ Pollard from the University of Oxford had the highest number of co-authorships. More than 19% of the research was conducted in the field of immunology. The Vaccines journal had the most publications, with 425 articles. The US Department of Health & Human Services granted the most research. In 2019, studies were focused on the topics of COVID-19 virus identification and ways to deal with it; in 2020, studies focused on the topics of COVID-19 and vaccines, whereas in 2021, they focused on the topics of COVID-19 vaccines and their effects, vaccines hesitancy, the role of healthcare workers in COVID-19, as well as discussions about these vaccines in the social media. Conclusions: Recognition of the most important actors (countries, institutes, researchers, and channels for the release of COVID-19 vaccine studies), research trends, and fields of study on the COVID-19 vaccine can be useful for researchers, countries, and policy makers in the field of science and health to make decisions and better understand these vaccines.

The purpose of this research was to identify the touchpoints in the customer journey map of electronic bookshops. This study was an “applied research” and was conducted by analytical-survey method, the statistical population of this research were those who had the experience of purchasing a few books from online bookstores and was included 670 people. The documentary research method (library research method) and a survey questionnaire based was used to collect the data. Finally, using the SPSS software, data were analyzed. Calculation of descriptive statistics indices and reliability were performed by the SPSS software, and also Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, binomial distribution test and Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney test were conducted by the SPSS software. The extracted touchpoints were evaluated in three dimensions. Finally, 41 touchpoints were divided into three stages: pre-purchase, purchase, and post-purchase. According to the research results, only 10 of these 41 touchpoints were more important from the customers' point of view, which include the following items: 1. touchpoints in the pre-purchase stage include: virtual advertising, high ranking in search engines, reading of comments and ratings of previous customers of the store, popularity and commercial reputation of the store, design of the store website and instructions for using the store website; 2. touchpoints in the purchase stage include: interaction with the support unit of the store, and cash on delivery; and 3. touchpoints in post-purchase stage include: store notification for new products and after-sales service. The results of this research showed that identifying and focusing on the touchpoints that customers use in the pre-purchase, purchase and post-purchase stages to communicate with electronic bookshops, allow bookstores to look at their products from the customers' point of view and identify the needs and problems of their customers. Also, by reviewing customers' journey map, bookstores can improve their strengths and weaknesses.

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to investigate citations to the Iranian English-language medical journals in Wikipedia. Methodology: This descriptive survey was conducted based on citation analysis and scientometric techniques. The study population includes 289 English-language journals approved by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The full title, acronym and abbreviated title of each journal were searched on Wikipedia and Google (site search), and data analysis was conducted using the Excel software. Results: Wikipedia articles were cited to 114 journals approved by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education. These journals received 1091 citations. Among which, the journal of "Archives of Iranian Medicine" has received the most citations from Wikipedia articles. Journals in the field of medical profession received the most citations among journals approved by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Furthermore, 412 Wikipedia articles were in English. Among Wikipedia articles, articles in the plant category have cited more to journals approved by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Conclusion: Iranian medical journals, by improving their popularization policies and strategies can be recognized internationally in terms of article citation and science popularization of science. For this reason, science policymakers should pay more attention to the relationship between universities and scientific journals with the public especially Wikipedia, to generalize and popularize the science and scientific information.

Objective: Access to the right legal information at the right time is necessary for the community and for lawyers. The use of information by lawyers and attorneys is strongly influenced by their information needs. These requirements determine the type of information needed, where the information can be found, and how to access it. Lawyers use a variety of methods to access information. Legal information is the most important source for the law and legal professions, and without the right legal information, these professions do not perform well. Methodology: The purpose of this study was to determine the legal information needs of Tehran's lawyers. Legal information needs are met through the use of information resources and formal or semi-formal channels of information and services offered by libraries and information centers. This research is a survey. The statistical population includes all lawyers in Tehran whose names are registered with the Center for Justice Lawyers. From a total of 8000 statistical population, 367 individuals were selected using Krejcie and Morgan's table by random sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of two sections: general information and special information. In order to improve the validity of the research instrument, previously tested and validated questions asked in the questionnaires of previous studies conducted in the field of information needs were used in a similar context; and Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. Assessment and selection of sources and barriers to the information process were over 0.70 and acceptable. Data were analyzed using the Friedman Ranking Test and Bivariate Chi-square test in the SPSS software version 25. Findings: The results indicated that the most important reasons for seeking information for lawyers were promoting specialized knowledge, and the most important sources for meeting the legal information needs of legal entities, were attending law courses and scientific journal articles. The most important problems for lawyers were access to updated information, dissemination of legal information in different sources, the outdated nature of many sources, and the inadequate sources of law. Conclusion: The most important reason for searching information was to update specialized knowledge and then write a research paper, which shows the scientific attitude of the lawyers towards their specialized field. Books (both printed and electronic) and scientific journals were the most important information sources for meeting the information needs of lawyers. Among informal sources, the library of a legal organization or institution was the most important source of informal acquisition of information; and the Google search engine was the most common search engine used by lawyers. Also, going to the library and visiting the new library resources were the most important ways to update information after reading specialized publications. The suggestions of the study are as follows: (i) the fact that many people today use the Internet to find answers to their questions, lawyers are not an exception. One way to help them is to make legal online databases accessible and expandable; (ii) due to the diffusion of legal information in different sources, the legality of many legal information sources, and the inadequate legal information sources, one of the most important problems for lawyers in accessing information is the need to take appropriate measures; (iii) since legal libraries are one of the places of interest for lawyers to access the information, libraries or legal organizations should select law librarians as managers for courthouse libraries/court law libraries; and (iv) the findings showed that the level of French and English language of lawyers was poor.

Background and objective: Audience communication with digital media is mutual and interactive. Non-printed digital formats of books maintain the features of interactivity. This study attempts to identify interactive children's books published in Iran and assess publishers' viewpoints on the challenges of creating interactive books. Method: This study applied a qualitative approach in three parts. The features of interactive books (published in Iran) were assessed based on a checklist and were described in three sections: producer, multimedia, and interactive features. Interviews with interactive book producers were mined from periodicals, and themes related to production challenges were identified. The experiences of interactive book producers were studied by phenomenological method to identify the production challenges. Findings: The production of interactive books in Iran started in the early 2010s and continued till the middle of the decade. Some publishers stopped production due to the lack of skills or financial resources. The production of interactive books ran into problems because of poor copyright laws, the authors' concern about co-creation, and the lack of expertise in producing interactive narrative and multimedia content. Poor and imitative content fails to compete with similar non-Iranian products in the cultural products market. Lack of sufficient theoretical foundations for digital reading and technical infrastructure to support these products were other challenges identified in the production of interactive books. Conclusion : Continuous audience recognition is one of the issues that interactive book producers have paid less attention to. In producing a good interactive story, it is necessary to pay attention to the interactive narrative and multimedia features. Many of the features of interactive narratives, such as co-creation, online writing, and audience communication, were not considered in the books reviewed, and multimedia features in many cases cause discontinuity in reading. Interactive book producers have not paid as much attention to their audience as they should. If producers do not have relevant information on their audience, they cannot fully understand the interests and needs of their audience. Under the circumstances, even if there are adequate infrastructure and appropriate financial resources, the audience would not accept the product.