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Objectives: With increasing recognition of the importance of pre-linguistic vocalization, and early intervention for children, proper protocols play an important role in documenting infants' progress and effects of early interventional programs. This study aimed to translate Proctor's Developmental Vocal Assessment Protocol into Persian, make cultural adaptations, assess Persian version of Developmental Vocal Assessment Protocol (P-DVAP)'s validity, internal consistency, and reliability, and provide a general perspective toward Persian infants' vocal behaviors., Methods: This study was mainly conducted in reference to Beaton's guidelines included translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert committee review, & pretesting. Ten well-experienced speech and language therapists contributed in expert committee review. Mothers of 202 infants were interviewed by experienced speech and language therapists., Results: Expert committee pointed out some difficulties that parents might have responding to P-DVAP. Such difficulties were sorted out in the P-DVAP applied for psychometric analysis. The Content Validity Index and Content Validity Ratio of P-DVAP were above 0.9. In test-retest reliability, Kappa coefficient was 0.6 and as the measure of inter item consistency, Kuder-Richardson-20 for each stage ranged from 0.1 to 0.5. Parents of typical infants reported variations in crying, vegetative sounds, laughing, prosody changes, babbling, approximants of meaningful words, and consonant-vowel structures as the most common vocal behaviors. The number of vocal behaviors reported for preterm infants after corrected gestational age was fewer than those of typical full-term infants., Conclusion: The P-DVAP is a comprehensive, reliable, valid, simple and clear protocol for clinical evaluation of Persian infants' vocal behaviors., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Speech and language therapists (SLTs) require proper tools to detect dysphagia in the early stages. One of these screening tools is the Northwestern Dysphagia Patient Check Sheet (NDPCS). However, this tool needs to be adapted, validated, and shown to be reliable for the Persian culture. The aim of the present study was to report the validity and reliability of the Persian NDPCS (P-NDPCS)., Materials and Methods: The NDPCS has 28 items and five sections. Beaton's guidelines were followed in terms of the translation process. To report the content validity index (CVI) and the content validity ratio (CVR), eight SLTs experienced in swallowing disorders examined the content and face validities of the P-NDPCS in terms of the quality of translation, fluency, understandability, and the cultural context. In total, 140 patients with neurogenic and mechanical dysphagia were evaluated using the P-NDPCS. Internal consistency reliability was investigated using the Kuder-Richardson formula 20. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used for test-retest reliability., Results: The P-NDPCS preserved the 28 items and the five categories of the original version. However, semantic and food adjustments were applied due to cultural differences. The scoring system was changed from safe/unsafe to yes/no for four subsections and to normal/abnormal for the oromotor section. Food requirements were also changed. The CVR and CVI were both 75%. The P-NDPCS was shown to have good content validity. The internal reliability was 0.95, indicating excellent reliability., Conclusion: The equivalence between the original version of the NDPCS and the P-NDPCS was preserved. Our findings indicate that the P-NDPCSis a valid and reliable screening tool for the diagnosis of dysphagia in the early phase.