50 results on '"Noureddine C"'
Search Results
2. Biocontrol of Grey Mold on Strawberry Fruit by Bacillus spp. and Study of the Mechanisms Involved
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Ilham Barakat, Noureddine Chtaina, Kaoutar Caidi, and Fatiha Bentata
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antagonism ,bacillus spp. ,biological control ,botrytis cinerea ,postharvest diseases ,Agriculture - Abstract
Grey mold, caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, is one of the most prevalent diseases affecting strawberry plants (Fragaria ananassa). The objective of this study was to assess the antagonistic effect of 5 bacterial strains belonging to the genus Bacillus spp. (BA1, BF2, BB3, BI3, and BO4) against B. cinerea, tested both in vitro and in vivo on strawberry fruits. The strains exhibited antifungal activity against B. cinerea under in vitro conditions, both through direct confrontations and antibiosis tests, as well as through the effect of organic compounds. Strain BO4 could inhibit mycelial growth by 62.92% through direct confrontation and 64.58% through the secretion of volatile organic compounds. Additionally, the strain BF2 demonstrated a high antibiosis effect (74.64%) compared to the control at a concentration of 25%. Treating fruits with the bacterial suspension and culture filtrate of the 5 studied strains controlled grey mold growth in vivo, as indicated by low severity indices in strawberries treated with strains BI3, BF2, and BA1, marked by percentages of 24.44%, 24.44%, and 37.78%, respectively, for preventive treatment. The difference in the effectiveness of various strains depended on the treatment mode; preventive treatment proved to be more effective compared to curative treatment. more...
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- 2024
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Catalog
3. Effective removal of textile dye via synergy of adsorption and photocatalysis over ZnS nanoparticles: Synthesis, modeling, and mechanism
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Sabri Ouni, Faiza Yahia, Naim BelHaj Mohamed, Mohamed Bouzidi, Abdullah S. Alshammari, Fahad Abdulaziz, Adrián Bonilla-Petriciolet, Mansour Mohamed, Ziaul R. Khan, Noureddine Chaaben, and Mohamed Haouari more...
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Nanocrystal ,Photocatalysis ,Statistical physics modeling ,Adsorption ,Methylene ,Blue ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
In this work, we prepared sulfur-zinc nanoparticles (ZnS-TGA) functionalized with thioglycolic acid by a hydrothermal method and tested their photodegradation ability by solar irradiation. ZnS-TGA were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), UV–Vis spectrophotometer and photoluminescence spectroscopy. In the characterization of these nanoparticles, thioglycolic acid proved to be a strong capping ligand, with a specific surface area of 36.82 m2/g and an average size of 7.15 nm. To test the photocatalytic degradability of the product, methylene blue (MB) was used as a model pollutant. Various operational variables were investigated, including pH, amount of nanoparticles, dye concentration, contact time and temperature. The equilibrium adsorption tests, and the statistical physical calculations allowed the analysis of the energetic and steric variables of the adsorption of MB dye molecules on the surface of these nanoparticles. The equilibrium data were well fitted with Langmuir-Freundlich (L-F) and the adsorption kinetics with pseudo-first order. The maximum adsorption capacity of the MB dye removal process was 30.92 mg g−1 at pH 7 and 298 K, and this process was spontaneous and exothermic. The dye molecules and the surface of the nanoparticles exhibited physical interactions with adsorption energies of 23.31–25.92 kJ/mol. The photocatalytic activity of these nanoparticles resulted in a dye degradation efficiency of 91.1 % in 180 min. The photocatalytic efficiency remained almost unchanged after five consecutive degradation cycles, resulting in a methylene blue degradation of 85 %. According to these results, these environmentally friendly nanoparticles have the potential to purify industrial and urban liquids contaminated with harmful organic compounds such as dye molecules. more...
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- 2024
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4. Effect of feed supplementation with Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale spices on the zootechnical, biochemical, and microbiological parameters of broiler chickens
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Chaymae BOUCHAMA, Lalla K. YOUSFI, Samira EL AKHDARI, Noureddine CHADLI, Khaoula F. SAMOUH, Sidi M. RAOUI, Tariq AZIZ, Abdellah ZINEDINE, and Faouzi ERRACHIDI
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Curcuma longa ,microbiological analysis ,serological analysis ,Zingiber officinale ,zootechnical parameters ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant trend to improve poultry zootechnical performances by biological methods to avoid the unwanted chemical growth factor's introduction into breeding process. Medicinal plants and their derivatives are good candidates to achieve this goal. Thus, this work aimed at evaluating the effect of poultry feed supplementation with the spices Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale on the zootechnical performance, serological, and microbiological parameters of Ross 308 chicken. To achieve this purpose, 180 chicks divided into five groups and reared for 12 days. The experimental groups consisted of a control group receiving a conventional feed without antibiotics and four groups receiving a conventional feed with 0.5 and 1% turmeric and ginger doses, respectively. Results of the experiment revealed that supplementing the feed with 0.5% turmeric powder increased live weight, and average daily gain and decreased feed conversion compared to the other groups. Turmeric powder supplement (0.5 and 1%) affected blood serum parameters by decreasing triglyceride and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations. In comparison, the incorporation of 0.5% ginger in the diet decreased triglyceride concentrations, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferases (ASAT), and alanine aminotransferases (ALAT). Cecum bacteriological analysis showed a total absence of coliforms, Salmonella sp., Clostridium sp., and lactic acid bacteria in the chick groups supplemented with different doses of turmeric and ginger (0.5 and 1%, respectively). Within this study’s limits, using these two studied spices as additives in poultry feed allowed us to conclude that supplementing with 0.5% turmeric powder positively impacted the evaluated parameters. more...
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- 2024
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5. The Resilient Dairy Genome Project—A general overview of methods and objectives related to feed efficiency and methane emissions
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Nienke van Staaveren, Hinayah Rojas de Oliveira, Kerry Houlahan, Tatiane C.S. Chud, Gerson A. Oliveira Jr., Dagnachew Hailemariam, Gerrit Kistemaker, Filippo Miglior, Graham Plastow, Flavio S. Schenkel, Ronaldo Cerri, Marc Andre Sirard, Paul Stothard, Jennie Pryce, Adrien Butty, Patrick Stratz, Emhimad A.E. Abdalla, Dierck Segelke, Eckhard Stamer, Georg Thaller, Jan Lassen, Coralia Ines V. Manzanilla-Pech, Rasmus B. Stephansen, Noureddine Charfeddine, Aser García-Rodríguez, Oscar González-Recio, Javier López-Paredes, Ransom Baldwin, Javier Burchard, Kristen L. Parker Gaddis, James E. Koltes, Francisco Peñagaricano, José Eduardo P. Santos, Robert J. Tempelman, Michael VandeHaar, Kent Weigel, Heather White, and Christine F. Baes more...
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resilience ,feed efficiency ,dairy cattle breeding ,methane ,dry matter intake ,Dairy processing. Dairy products ,SF250.5-275 ,Dairying ,SF221-250 - Abstract
ABSTRACT: The Resilient Dairy Genome Project (RDGP) is an international large-scale applied research project that aims to generate genomic tools to breed more resilient dairy cows. In this context, improving feed efficiency and reducing greenhouse gases from dairy is a high priority. The inclusion of traits related to feed efficiency (e.g., dry matter intake [DMI]) or greenhouse gases (e.g., methane emissions [CH4]) relies on available genotypes as well as high quality phenotypes. Currently, 7 countries (i.e., Australia, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, and United States) contribute with genotypes and phenotypes including DMI and CH4. However, combining data are challenging due to differences in recording protocols, measurement technology, genotyping, and animal management across sources. In this study, we provide an overview of how the RDGP partners address these issues to advance international collaboration to generate genomic tools for resilient dairy. Specifically, we describe the current state of the RDGP database, data collection protocols in each country, and the strategies used for managing the shared data. As of February 2022, the database contains 1,289,593 DMI records from 12,687 cows and 17,403 CH4 records from 3,093 cows and continues to grow as countries upload new data over the coming years. No strong genomic differentiation between the populations was identified in this study, which may be beneficial for eventual across-country genomic predictions. Moreover, our results reinforce the need to account for the heterogeneity in the DMI and CH4 phenotypes in genomic analysis. more...
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- 2024
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6. Plant-Derived Natural Products: A Source for Drug Discovery and Development
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Noureddine Chaachouay and Lahcen Zidane
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drug discovery ,medicinal plant ,medicine ,natural products ,pharmacy ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
For thousands of years, nature has been a source of medical substances, and an astounding numeral of contemporary remedies have been identified from natural origins. Plants have long been used as folk herbal medicines to treat various disorders, and their different natural products have inspired the design, discovery, and development of new drugs. With the invention of recent molecular targets based on proteins, there is a growing need for fresh chemical diversification in screening. Natural products will play a vital part in supplying this need via the continuous exploration of global biodiversity, the majority of which remains unexplored. Even though drug discovery from medicinal plants remains an important source of novel therapeutic leads, various hurdles exist, including identifying and executing suitable high-throughput screening bioassays, scaling up the supply of bioactive molecules, and acquiring plant materials. Investigating these natural resources takes multi-disciplinary, nationwide, and global partnerships in design, synthesis, discovery, and drug development techniques. This review article discusses current advancements and future approaches for discovering natural items such as health- and wellness-promoting remedies. It also summarizes strategies to unify the therapeutic use of plant-derived natural products worldwide to support future drug discoveries derived from plant sources. more...
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- 2024
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7. Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and ADME-Tox Investigations of Imidazo[1,2-a]Pyrimidines Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents
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Djamila Benzenine, Ismail Daoud, Nadia Aissaoui, Zahira Kibou, Julio A. Seijas, M. Pilar Vázquez-Tato, Chewki Ziani-Cherif, Lahcen Belarbi, and Noureddine Choukchou-Braham
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imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine ,microwave ,Al2O3 catalyst ,solvent free ,antimicrobial activity ,in silico study ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
A convenient and effective synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives has been developed under microwave irradiations using Al2O3 as a catalyst in solvent-free conditions. The functionalized imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives are useful in biochemistry and medical science. In our investigation, the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against 13 microorganisms, including 6 Gram-positive bacteria, 4 Gram-negative bacteria, and 3 pathogenic fungi. Bioactivity tests revealed that the majority of the compounds exhibited good antimicrobial activity. Finally, molecular docking simulations and ADME-T predictions were performed, showing that the most active compounds have good binding modes with microbial targets and promising pharmacokinetic safety profiles. more...
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- 2024
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8. Effect of powdered rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) essential oil and phenolic compounds on broiler chickens zootechnical parameters
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Khaoula FILALI SAMOUH, Abdellah ZINEDINE, Joao M. ROCHA, Noureddine CHADLI, Sidi M. RAOUI, and Faouzi ERRACHIDI
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catalase activity ,chitin ,consumption index ,essential oil ,phenolic compounds ,poultry ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
This work aims at exploiting the essential oil (EO) and phenolic compounds (PC) of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) in a formulation containing leaf powder stabilized with chitin (1%, w/w) to improve chicken meat and investigate their effect on qualitatively and quantitatively broiler chickens’ growth performances. To such a purpose, chicks, at 1 day of age, were distributed in pens on ground divided into four batches. The two control batches were fed with conventional feed, but the positive control contained flavomycin (0.5 g/kg) as growth factor. The two treated batches received a conventional feed supplemented with two doses of 20 and 50 g/kg of the developed formulation. Essential oil and phenolic compound contents in powdered leaves were, respectively, 1.20 and 22.86% in ethanolic extract. 1,8-Cineole (46.88%), followed by camphor (19.20%), α-pinene (9.56%), L.α.-terpineol (5.91%) and β-pinene (4.40%) were the main compounds of the used EO. The two batches of treated chicks showed a significant improvement in body weight (281.88 and 283.75 g, respectively), a decrease in feed conversion and a reduction in mortality (8%), when compared to the control batches. In addition, the elaborated formulation induced catalase activity used as an indicator of cellular antioxidant activity modulation. more...
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- 2024
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9. Bioactivity of Trichoderma harzianum A peptaibols against Zymoseptoria tritici causal agent of septoria leaf blotch of wheat
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Ilham Barakat, Noureddine Chtaina, Taha El Kamli, Philippe Grappin, Mohammed El Guilli, and Brahim Ezzahiri
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antibiosis ,nephelometry ,peptaibols ,trichoderma harzianum ,zymoseptoria tritici ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
In this study Trichoderma harzianum strain A was isolated from the rhizosphere of an argan tree in southern Morocco. Trichoderma harzianum strain A had previously demonstrated a high antagonistic potential in vitro by direct confrontation and in vivo on wheat plants in pots under greenhouse conditions against Zymoseptoria tritici, the agent of septoria leaf blotch. In this study, the activity of filtrates prepared from the liquid culture of T. harzianum A alone and from the confrontation medium with two Z. tritici strains [G1-1 (durum wheat) and A5-1 (soft wheat)] on the inhibition of Z. tritici pycnidiospore germination was studied by nephelometry. The results of the antibiosis assay revealed that filtrate 0 (A in confrontation with G1-1) and F3 (A against A5-1) showed 95% of G1-1 and A5-1 pycnidiospore inhibition at 9/10 dilution of the undiluted filtrates after 4 days of incubation. To understand and explain the antifungal activity of these filtrates, the extraction and identification of secondary molecules of peptaibiotic nature secreted by T. harzianum A in the three studied filtrates were performed. According to the results of high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analyses, 38 peptaibiotic molecules reported in the literature for their antifungal activity were identified in the different extracts at high concentrations (high peak intensities). These molecules are divided into nine groups, namely: Trichocryptin, Trichobrevin, Triochocryptin, Hypocompactin, Hyporodicin, Trichocompactin, Alamethicine, Trichoferin, and Trichokonin. It was also shown that the presence of the pathogen induces the production of peptaibols by the antagonistic strain of Trichoderma. more...
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- 2023
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10. Ethnobotanical survey of the traditional antiparasitic use of medicinal plants in humans and animals in Laghouat (Southern Algeria)
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Fathia Benlarbi, Nora Mimoune, Noureddine Chaachouay, Karim Souttou, Radhwane Saidi, Mohamed Rahmani Mokhtar, Rachid Kaidi, and Mohammed Hocine Benaissa
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antiparasitic medicinal plants ,ethnobotanical survey ,human and animal parasitosis ,laghouat ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Background and Aim: An ethnobotanical survey was carried out among the inhabitants of the Aflou region of Laghouat (Southern Algeria). This study was considered as a first step toward the identification of new bioactive antiparasitic molecules. The preservation and documentation of this traditional knowledge will ensure its continuity and transmission from one generation to another, especially because of the emergence of resistant parasites and the lack of references caused by the lack of work in this area; therefore, we intended to inventory and collect the maximum amount of information on medicinal plants that are traditionally used by the local population as antiparasitic in humans and animals (small ruminants, cattle, and livestock). Materials and Methods: The information was collected using open interviews; the ethnobotanical survey was carried out in the area mentioned above from April to July 2021 using a semi-structured questionnaire and a global sample of 200 respondents. The data were analyzed using the System Package for the Social Sciences software and Microsoft Excel 2010 using the following quantitative indices: Relative frequency of citation (RFC), family importance value (FIV), fidelity level, and informant consensus factor (ICF). Results: The investigation uncovered the antiparasitic use of 58 plant species belonging to 30 families. The family Asteraceae had the highest FIV (FIV = 0.23). The pathology with the highest degree of agreement among the informants was genitourinary parasitosis (ICF = 0.930). The species that was most commonly cited by the local population was Artemisia herba-alba Asso (RFC = 1), and the foliage was the most commonly used part (46.4%). Infusion (38.8%) was the most-used preparation for remedies. Conclusion: This investigation revealed a rich ethnopharmacological knowledge in southern Algeria; therefore, the data gathered in this survey may be utilized to create novel antiparasitic compounds with activity in humans and animals. more...
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- 2023
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11. An Efficient FPGA-Based Gaussian Random Number Generator Using an Accurate Segmented Box–Muller Method
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Samir Dahmani, Mountassar Maamoun, Ghania Zerari, Noureddine Chabini, and Rachid Beguenane
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Box-Muller transformation ,field-programmable gate array (FPGA) ,Gaussian distribution ,random number generation ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
In this paper, we introduce an accurate, efficient, and optimized design and implementation of a Gaussian pseudo random number generator (PRNG) on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) platform. A second-order segmented Box-Muller (S2 BM) transformation is proposed as an alternative approach to our previously presented segmented Box–Muller (S-BM) transformation. S2BM transformation targets two goals simultaneously: enhancing accuracy and improving efficiency by introducing two new upgrades to the S-BM transformation. The first upgrade was performed by splitting each segment into two parts, the body and tail, using two different Box–Muller (BM) transformation steps. The second upgrade was made by producing two uncorrelated samples per clock cycle with small additional FPGA logic. The achieved FPGA implementation scores prove that the designed 19-bit S2BM Gaussian PRNG generator offers an improvement of 21% and 29% in efficiency over the S-BM within the ranges of $\pm 7.81\sigma $ and $\pm 9.561\sigma $ respectively, when implemented on the cost-optimized Xilinx Spartan-6 devices (XC6SLX75T). An improvement of 86% and 149% in efficiency are obtained respectively, over the Central Limit Theorem (CTL) Hadamard transformation and the Multihat transformation. Furthermore, the obtained results and performance confirmed the superiority of the S2BM transformation in terms of accuracy and efficiency compared with the existing GRN generator architectures. more...
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- 2023
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12. Antifungal activity of bioactive compounds produced by the endophyte Bacillus velezensis NC318 against the soil borne pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc
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Michelle Gaëlle Siméone Bidima, Noureddine Chtaina, Brahim Ezzahiri, Mohammed El Guilli, Ilham Barakat, and Taha El Kamli
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antifungal activity ,biological control ,sclerotia ,secondary metabolites ,bacillus velezensis ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
In a previous study, the endophytic Bacillus velezensis NC318 was isolated from the rhizosphere of date palm and showed strong antifungal activity against the soil-borne plant pathogenic fungus, Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc, the causal agent of Southern blight. The potential of the Bacillus genus in the inhibition of plant pathogens is mainly due to the production of certain bioactive compounds. In the present study, secondary metabolites extracted from the cell-free supernatant of strain NC318 showed strong antifungal activity on the mycelial growth and germination of S. rolfsii sclerotia in vitro. With 50 μl of bioactive compounds crude extracts, the mycelial growth inhibition rate was 97% and any germination of sclerotia was reported. Chemical analysis of the secondary metabolite crude extracts performed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS), revealed that the secreted bioactive compounds belonged to the family of lipopeptides (iturin, fengycin, surfactin), polyketides (bacillaene, macrolactin, difficidin and bacilysin) and siderophores (bacillibactin). These results provide a better understanding of the biocontrol mechanism of the bacteria strain B. velezensis NC318 against the soil fungal pathogens, especially S. rolfsii root rot. more...
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- 2022
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13. The role of cannabis (Cannabis sativa) cultivation growth as a driving force in land use and cover change (LUCC) in the upstream part of the Laou river catchment area (Northern Morocco)
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Mustapha Hmamou, Josep Vila-Subirós, Noureddine Chikhi, Abdelaziz Boulifa, and Mohamed EL Abdellaoui
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Cannabis sativa ,LUCC ,Landscape ,Laou river catchment ,Rif Mountains ,GIS ,Geography (General) ,G1-922 - Abstract
The population of the Rif mountains in Morocco depends mainly on the cultivation of cannabis for its livelihood. This study shows the role played by such cultivation in landscape changes in the upstream part of the Laou river catchment area between 1985 and 2019. The analysis was developed using Landsat data. The results indicate that cannabis cultivation has contributed to accelerating the process of LUCC, given that most types of forests were largely transformed to cultivated areas. The increasing pressure on agricultural land, especially after agricultural innovations and the culture of new cannabis hybrids, has had serious consequences on the environment, economy and society. This has been demonstrated in the intensive exploitation of water, and as a result several areas are now denied access to drinking and irrigation water. To reduce the harm of these transformations, diversified and sustainable agricultural practices must be restored to their previous state. more...
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- 2023
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14. Ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants used in the treatment of anemia in the region of Haouz-Rehamna (Morocco)
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Ouafae Benkhnigue, Noureddine Chaachouay, Hamid Khamar, Fatiha El Azzouzi, Allal Douira, and Lahcen Zidane
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anemia ,ethnobotanic ,morocco ,pharmacology ,phytotherapy ,toxicity ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Context: The ethnobotanical study of the plants used is of great interest in the medical field. In this perspective, we have carried out this ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological study, which is part of the development of plant resources traditionally used against anemia in a large region of Middle Atlantic Morocco (Mam-4): Al Haouz-Rehamna. Aims: To establish a catalog of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine against anemia disease. Methods: For this purpose, we carried out an ethnobotanical survey using 1700 questionnaire cards during five campaigns (from 2012 to 2017) in the studied field. In addition, the information sought was about the plant including its local name, its part used, its toxicity and, medical practices related. Ethnobotanical indices, such as Use Value (UV), Family Use Value (FUV) and, Plant Part Value (PPV), were determined. Results: The results allowed us to identify 48 medicinal plants of which 12 were toxic. The inventoried species were distributed in 45 genera and belong to 27 botanical families, of which four predominated in the number of species: Apiaceae, Amaranthaceae, Fabaceae, and Asteraceae. Also, 11 species were traditionally more used as effective plants against anemia: Rubia peregrina, Lens culinaris, Malva sylvestris, Beta vulgaris, Spinacia oleracea, Mercurialis annua, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Corrigiola telephiifolia, Nasturtium officinale, Cistus laurifolius and Armeria mauritanica. The leafy stems were the most used part (PPV = 0.28%) followed by the seed (PPV = 0.26%). These parts were usually used steamed, decocted, and rarely triturated in honey or infused in water. The recipes were administered orally until cured. Conclusions: The present study established the importance of documenting traditional knowledge about the species of medicinal plants that are used to correct many chronic diseases such as anemia. Analysis of this knowledge has shown that several of the listed plants promoted anti-anemia activity and could become the basis for in-depth scientific investigations. more...
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- 2022
15. Ethnobotanical study of plants used for medicinal, cosmetic, and food purposes in the region of Moulay Yacoub, Northeast of Morocco
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Mostafa El Khomsi, Yousra Dandani, Noureddine Chaachouay, and Driss Hmouni
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food ,medicinal and aromatic plants ,moulay yacoub ,phytocosmetics ,phytotherapy ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Context: Medicinal and aromatic plants are used by people for various purposes, whether for health care, beauty, or as a food source. Aims: To valorize the knowledge about their uses, therapeutic, cosmetic, and food. Methods: The ethnobotanical study was conducted from November 1, 2019, to March 1, 2021, in the Moulay Yacoub region. A total of 407 local informants were interviewed. The methodological approach was open-ended and semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions based on therapeutic, cosmetic, and dietary criteria. Quantitative analyses were performed using basic statistics, use value (UV), family use value (FUV), plant part value (PPV), and informant agreement ratio (IAR). Results: A total of 104 plant species belonging to 46 families were identified. The majority of plants are used in phytotherapy (78.30%). The most frequent ailments reported were digestive (IAR = 0.9). The most used method of preparation was infusion (42.68%), the leaves were the most used part of the plant (PPV = 0.45), and Anchusa italica Retz (UV = 0.196) was the most commonly prescribed species by local herbalists, and Oleaceae (FUV = 0.16) was the most dominant family. Conclusions: This study showed the richness of the plants and the consistency of the knowledge of the natives on medicinal and aromatic plants. As part of this study, we are currently working on plants with curative effects to prove their efficacy in animal models, including Anchusa italica Retz, which was widely cited in this ethnobotanical study. Authors invite scientists to conduct further phytochemical and pharmacological research on medicinal plants from this region based on this study. more...
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- 2022
16. Cannabis sativa L.: A Review on Traditional Uses, Botany, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Aspects
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Noureddine Chaachouay, Abdelhamid Azeroual, Bouchaib Bencharki, Allal Douira, and Lahcen Zidane
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Cannabis sativa L. ,Botany ,Natural products ,Phytochemistry ,Phytopharmacology ,Traditional medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Medicinal and aromatic plants have been one of the most important sources of medicine since the dawn of human civilization. Indigenous communities have used products from this plant in different conditions throughout history. Cannabis sativa L. is one of the most widely employed herbaceous medicinal plants for textiles, and fibers, in medicine, as a source of food, animal food, animal bedding, and agriculture for seeds. This paper highlights the traditional applications, botany, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of C. sativa. Extensive database retrieval, such as Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, PubMed, SciFinder, ChemSpider, CNKI, PubFacts, etc., was performed by using the keywords “Hemp,” “Cannabis,” as well as the scientific name of this plant species (Cannabis sativa L). Besides, reviews of relevant textbooks, documents, and patents were also employed to collect sufficient information. This study revealed numerous pharmacological activities of C. sativa that could help with several medical diseases. Besides that, more than 565 bioactive constituents have been isolated and identified from diverse parts of C. sativa. This could help discover potential therapeutic effects and develop new medications to benefit human health. more...
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- 2023
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17. Efficacité d’une souche de Bacillus velezensis dans le biocontrôle de la pourriture racinaire de la betterave à sucre due à Sclerotium rolfsii
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Michelle Gaëlle Siméone BIDIMA, Noureddine CHTAINA, Brahim EZZAHIRI, Mohammed EL GUILLI, Aymen KHEZANE, and Ilham BARAKAT
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General Works - Abstract
Dans une précédente étude, Bacillus velezensis NC318, une souche bactérienne antagoniste isolée de la rhizosphère du sol d’une culture de palmier dattier dans la région du Tafilalet, a montré un haut potentiel antagoniste in vitro contre la pourriture racinaire de betterave sucrière causée par Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Le présent travail consistait à évaluer in vivo l’incidence et la sévérité de la maladie sur plants de betteraves sucrières en pot sous serre. 147 jours après le semis dans un sol infesté par les sclérotes de ce pathogène (40 sclérotes /250 g de sol), les résultats ont montré que la bactérie appliquée par la bactérisation des semences ou dans le sol naturellement infesté a pu inhiber totalement la germination des sclérotes et par la suite aucune infection des plantes de betteraves sucrières n’a été observée. Aussi une amélioration des paramètres de croissance des plants (le poids frais de la partie aérienne des plants, le poids frais des racines, la longueur des pousses et le nombre de feuilles) des plantes issues de semences traitées avec la souche NC318 a été enregistrée. Le test de la viabilité de la souche antagoniste NC318 sur les semences bactérisées et stockées à 4 °C, a montré que cet antagoniste est resté viable après cinq mois de conservation et a préservé son potentiel antagoniste contre S. rolfsii testé in vitro. Ces résultats suggèrent que la souche NC318 pourrait potentiellement être un agent de biocontrôle pour lutter contre S. rolfsii avec un effet biostimulateur de la croissance des plantes. more...
- Published
- 2022
18. Effect of Phenolic Compounds Extracted from Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) on Cutaneous Wound Healing in Wistar Rats
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Chaymae Bouchama, Abdellah Zinedine, João Miguel Rocha, Noureddine Chadli, Lahsen El Ghadraoui, Rachida Chabir, Sidi Mohammed Raoui, and Faouzi Errachidi
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turmeric ,ginger ,phytochemical ,rats ,healing and re-epithelialization ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Turmeric and ginger, widely used rhizomes in culinary arts, have several beneficial biological activities, such as hypoglycemic, hepato-protective, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. This work investigated the effects of three phenolic extracts isolated from turmeric and ginger rhizomes on anti-inflammatory and healing properties using the solid–liquid extraction method. Wistar rats were used as a biological model. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated on induced edema in the rat’s hind paw using carrageenan (1%). Paw volume was measured at 0 min, 45 min, 3 h, and 5 h. Treatment with turmeric and ginger extracts, administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg, revealed a reduction in edema volume by 98.8%, 94.8%, and 98.3% using an aqueous extract of turmeric, ethanolic extract of turmeric, and methanolic extract of ginger, respectively. The healing activity parameters of induced burns on the rat’s dorsal region in nine groups (7 rats each) were monitored daily throughout the experiment’s duration. Results showed that the application of creams composed of petroleum jelly dispersing turmeric and ginger extracts to wounds at a dose of 100 mg/kg g induced complete healing after 19 days while the negative control was only 60% cured. On day 14, the aqueous, ethanolic, and methanolic turmeric extracts nearly resulted in complete tissue repair by 95.26%, 98.34%, and 87.39%, respectively. According to the chromatographic analysis (Sephadex G50 column), there is a variation in the molecular weight distribution of phenolic compounds (polymers, oligomers, and monomers) in the three studied extracts, which has a differential effect on the anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities of the extracts. more...
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- 2023
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19. Phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis of the complete genome of the West Nile virus lineage 2 (WNV-2) in the Mediterranean basin
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Haythem Srihi, Noureddine Chatti, Manel Ben Mhadheb, Jawhar Gharbi, and Nabil Abid
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West Nile virus lineage 2 ,Spatio temporal phylodynamics ,Bayesian phylogeography ,Migratory birds ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 ,Evolution ,QH359-425 - Abstract
Abstract Background The West Nile virus is a highly contagious agent for a wide range of hosts. Its spread in the Mediterranean region raises several questions about its origin and the risk factors underlying the virus’s dispersal. Materials and methods The present study aims to reconstruct the temporal and spatial phylodynamics of West Nile virus lineage 2 in the Mediterranean region using 75 complete genome sequences from different host species retrieved from international databases. Results This data set suggests that current strains of WNV-2 began spreading in South Africa or nearby regions in the early twentieth century, and it migrated northwards via at least one route crossing the Mediterranean to reach Hungary in the early 2000s, before spreading throughout Europe. Another introduction event, according to the data set collected and analyses performed, is inferred to have occurred in around 1978. Migratory birds constitute, among others, additional risk factors that enhance the geographical transmission of the infection. Conclusion Our data underline the importance of the spatial–temporal tracking of migratory birds and phylodynamic reconstruction in setting up an efficient surveillance system for emerging and reemerging zoonoses in the Mediterranean region. more...
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- 2021
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20. Ethnobotanical and toxicology study of medicinal plants used for the treatment of diabetes in the High Atlas Central of Morocco
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Souad Belhaj, Noureddine Chaachouay, and Lahcen Zidane
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diabetes ,high atlas central (morocco) ,pharmacological ,therapeutic use ,toxicology ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Context: Diabetes mellitus is considered one of the scourges of the third millennium in the world for several years. Aims: To evaluate, identify and preserve the experiences gained over the centuries. It is about therapeutic use of medicinal plants exploited for the treatment of diabetes, and to clarify its toxicities, in order to sensitize the population of the High Atlas Central (HAC) of Morocco not only on the risk but also the benefit of the use of phytotherapy. Methods: The surveys ethnopharmacological were conducted 834 the interviewees, using semi-structured survey, by application of quantitative indices such as Consensus index (CI %), Use value (UVi), family UV (FUV), relative frequency of citation (RFC), plant part value (PPV), and informant consensus factor (ICF) to assess the exact value of medicinal plants (MP). Results: We found that 144 medicinal plants in 121 genera and 52 plant families were traditionally used to treat diabetes, of which seven species were endemic to the study area, and 32 were being cited first ever to treating diabetes. In addition, we collected toxicological information on 99 antidiabetic plants, of which 41 species showed no toxic activity and 43 were toxic and sometimes lethal in high doses. The Ranunculaceae family showed the highest use value (FUV =0.139). Leaves were the most used plant parts (PPV =0.282) and infusion was the dominant method of preparation. The frequently used species were Olea europaea L. (UVi =0.172), Salvia officinalis L. (UVi =0.156) and Euphorbia resinifera Berg (UVi =0.150). Conclusions: These results are a rich source of information. They contribute to the knowledge of the antidiabetic medicinal flora of our study area, and to the preservation of the local popular know-how of the word that tends to disappear. They may also represent a database that consists of purifying and identifying the characterization of active compounds of herbal extracts with antidiabetic activity. more...
- Published
- 2021
21. Efficient FPGA based architecture for high‐order FIR filtering using simultaneous DSP and LUT reduced utilization
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Mountassar Maamoun, Adnane Hassani, Samir Dahmani, Hocine Ait Saadi, Ghania Zerari, Noureddine Chabini, and Rachid Beguenane
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digital signal processing chips ,field programmable gate arrays ,FIR filters ,random‐access storage ,table lookup ,Computer engineering. Computer hardware ,TK7885-7895 - Abstract
Abstract This paper proposes an efficient high‐order finite impulse response (FIR) filter structure for field programmable gate array (FPGA)‐based applications with simultaneous digital signal processing (DSP) and look‐up‐table (LUT) reduced utilization. The real‐time updating of the filter coefficients is also put into perspective. In order to perform these objectives, both the speed and the structure of FPGA are efficiently exploited. The gap between the required input sampling frequency and the FPGA allowed maximum frequency is managed to achieve additional computing sequences. Furthermore, the special structures of the FPGA Look‐up‐table Shift‐Register (LUT‐SR) and their internal connections are fully employed for pipelining and selecting the input samples. The FPGA Block RAMs (BRAMs) are employed for handling the reconfigurable filter coefficients, and the FPGA DSP slices are associated for computing the output data of the BRAMs and the multiplexers. To synchronize the BRAM unit addressing with the LUT multiplexer selection, a single unit is used for simultaneous control. The obtained results show that the proposed reconfigurable 16‐tap FIR filter offers reductions of 79.3% and 74.4% of slice utilization over the hybrid variable size partitioning (VP‐Hybrid) based structure and the Radix‐2r based structure, respectively when implemented on a Xilinx Spartan‐6 XC6SLX45 FPGA. Moreover, an improvement of efficiency is achieved compared to all reputed FPGA‐based architectures. more...
- Published
- 2021
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22. Herbal medicine used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the Rif, North of Morocco
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Noureddine Chaachouay, Abdelhamid Azeroual, Bouchaib Bencharki, and Lahcen Zidane
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cardiovascular diseases ,herbal medicine ,ethnobotany ,ethnomedicine ,medicinal and aromatic plant ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Background: Since the dawn of time, Moroccans have used medicinal plants as a popular remedy to treat a wide range of human and cattle health issues. Nonetheless, very little research has been conducted in the past to record and disseminate indigenous ethnopharmacological knowledge adequately. This study was conducted in the Rif and attempted to identify medicinal plants used by indigenous people to treat cardiovascular problems and the ethnomedicinal knowledge linked with them.Methods: The ethnobotanical study was carried out in the Moroccan Rif area over 2 years, from 2016 to 2018. We questioned 520 traditional herbalists and consumers of these herbs in total. The gathered data were examined and contrasted using quantitative ethnobotanical indicators such as family importance value (FIV), the relative frequency of citation (RFC), plant part value (PPV), fidelity level (FL), and informant consensus factor (ICF).Results: The findings analysis revealed the presence of 33 plant species classified into 20 families, with the Poaceae dominating (7 species). Regarding disorders treated, the category of cardiac arrhythmias has the greatest ICF (0.98). The study discovered that the leaves were the most often utilized portion of the plants (PPV = 0.353) and that the most frequently used preparation was a decoction (31%).Conclusions: The current study’s findings revealed the presence of indigenous ethnomedicinal knowledge of medicinal plants in the Moroccan Rif to treat cardiovascular illnesses. Further phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological investigations should be conducted to identify novel drugs from these documented medicinal plants. more...
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- 2022
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23. 2,4-Bis(arylethynyl)-9-chloro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroacridines: synthesis and photophysical properties
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Najeh Tka, Mohamed Adnene Hadj Ayed, Mourad Ben Braiek, Mahjoub Jabli, Noureddine Chaaben, Kamel Alimi, Stefan Jopp, and Peter Langer
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alkynes ,catalysis ,cross-coupling ,heterocycles ,palladium ,Science ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Acridine derivatives have attracted considerable interest in numerous areas owing to their attractive physical and chemical properties. Herein, starting from readily available anthranilic acid, an efficient synthesis of 2,4-bis(arylethynyl)-9-chloro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroacridine derivatives was accomplished via a one-pot double Sonogashira cross-coupling method. The UV-visible absorption and emission properties of the synthesized molecules have been examined. Additionally, theoretical studies based on density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d)) were carried out. more...
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- 2021
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24. Cystitis treatment with phytotherapy within the Rif, Northern Morocco
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Noureddine Chaachouay, Hicham Orch, and Lahcen Zidane
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Rif ,Morocco ,Phytotherapy ,Cystitis ,Ethnomedicinal ,Knowledge ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Abstract Background Cystitis is often caused by a bacterial infection, which is the most widespread type among other urinary infections. This investigation was aimed to document detailed ethnobotanical information of medicinal plants used to heal cystitis problems because of their effective therapeutic properties. The study was carried in the Rif, from March 1, 2015, to April 15, 2017. Semi-structured direct interviews were carried with 657 interviewees to collect the indigenous therapeutic knowledge. Surveys included interviewed demographic profile and ethnomedicinal information. UR and MUV were applied in data analysis. Results A total of 60 plant species distributed in 51 genera and 31 families were commonly used by our interviewees in the therapy of cystitis. Apiaceae was designed by the highest number of species (7 species); Capparis spinosa L. was the medicinal plant most frequently prescribed by regional people. Leaves were the most commonly used plant part (41.5%), and the majority of herbal remedies were prepared from decoction (55 %). Conclusions This research is the first contribution to the ethnobotanical study of this region. It is suggested that the ingredients of natural plant species documented are being investigated to discover the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action. Primary consideration must be paid to the preservation of medicinal species, comprehensive documentation of popular medicinal data, and biological validation of listed species. Graphical abstract more...
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- 2021
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25. Effect of Greenhouse Design Parameters on the Heating and Cooling Requirement of Greenhouses in Moroccan Climatic Conditions
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Noureddine Choab, Amine Allouhi, Anas El Maakoul, Tarik Kousksou, Said Saadeddine, and Abdelmajid Jamil
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Greenhouse design parameters ,greenhouse thermal modeling and simulation ,greenhouse heating and cooling requirement ,greenhouse thermal behavior ,plant evapotranspiration ,TRNSYS software ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Protected crop production is rapidly expanding in the Mediterranean Basin, and particularly in Morocco. Increased local and overseas demand for these products led to a rapid development in greenhouse usage encouraged by government policies. The aim of this study is to investigate key design parameters that affect the thermal behavior and the heating/cooling energy need of a greenhouse situated in Agadir (Morocco). The parameters include the cladding material characteristics, shape, orientation, and air change rate. The greenhouse is modeled by a developed thermal model using TRNSYS software. The model considers the presence of the plants inside the greenhouse by adding the heat and humidity gain into the heat and water balance of the greenhouse using an evapotranspiration sub-model. The effect of evapotranspiration on the greenhouse thermal behavior was also examined in this study. A validation of the current TRNSYS simulation and evapotranspiration model was made using previous studies from the literature, and the comparison showed fair agreement. The relative error of the annually heating demand obtained by this model is 1.66%, and the evapotranspiration model used in this study shows relative deviation less than 6.5%. The results of this study indicate that the East-West greenhouse orientation is the optimum orientation as it can reduce the annual cost of air-conditioning of the greenhouse by 9.28% compared to North-South orientation. Quonset shape is the optimum greenhouse shape in Morocco as it can save 14.44% of annual cost of air-conditioning instead of the Even-span shape. more...
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- 2021
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26. First insight of genetic diversity, phylogeographic relationships, and population structure of marine sponge Chondrosia reniformis from the eastern and western Mediterranean coasts of Tunisia
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Maha Moussa, Sarra Choulak, Soumaya Rhouma‐Chatti, Noureddine Chatti, and Khaled Said
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Chondrosia reniformis ,COI mtDNA ,phylogeography ,Siculo‐Tunisian Strait ,Tunisia coasts ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Abstract Despite the strategic localization of Tunisia in the Mediterranean Sea, no phylogeographic study on sponges has been investigated along its shores. The demosponge Chondrosia reniformis, descript only morphologically along Tunisian coasts, was chosen to estimate the influence of natural oceanographic and biogeographic barriers on its genetic differentiation and its Phylogeography. The cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was amplified and analyzed for 70 Mediterranean Chondrosia reniformis, collected from eight localities in Tunisia. Polymorphism results revealed high values of haplotype diversity (Hd) and very low nucleotide diversity (π). Thus, these results suggest that our sponge populations of C. reniformis may have undergone a bottleneck followed by rapid demographic expansion. This suggestion is strongly confirmed by the results of neutrality tests and “mismatch distribution.” The important number of haplotypes between localities and the high genetic differentiation (Fst ranged from 0.590 to 0.788) of the current C. reniformis populations could be maintained by the limited gene flow Nm (0.10–0.18). Both haplotype Network and the biogeographic analysis showed a structured distribution according to the geographic origin. C. reniformis populations are subdivided into two major clades: Western and Eastern Mediterranean. This pattern seems to be associated with the well‐known discontinuous biogeographic area: the Siculo‐Tunisian Strait, which separates two water bodies circulating with different hydrological, physical, and chemical characteristics. The short dispersal of pelagic larvae of C. reniformis and the marine bio‐geographic barrier created high differentiation among populations. Additionally, it is noteworthy to mention that the “Mahres/Kerkennah” group diverged from Eastern groups in a single sub‐clade. This result was expected, the region Mahres/Kerkennah, presented a particular marine environment. more...
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- 2022
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27. Machine learning algorithms to assess the thermal behavior of a Moroccan agriculture greenhouse
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Amine Allouhi, Noureddine Choab, Abderrachid Hamrani, and Said Saadeddine
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Machine learning ,Regression ,Greenhouse ,Indoor temperature ,Prediction ,Renewable energy sources ,TJ807-830 ,Environmental engineering ,TA170-171 - Abstract
The objective of this paper is to assess the potential of machine learning algorithms in predicting the indoor air temperature in a greenhouse using the outdoor data. A dataset gathering the main weather data and the indoor air temperature of a greenhouse located in Agadir, Morocco was used for this purpose. Machine learning models including support vector machine based-regression, ensemble trees and Gaussian process regression are compared against multiple linear regression models. This comparison was carried out on the basis of a 5-fold cross validation framework and across unseen data. The results show that all predictive models are capable of describing the indoor air temperature of the greenhouse and perform well (R2 > 0.9), with only 10% fraction of the dataset as training data. The Gaussian process regression outperforms all models, with R2 = 0.94 in the 5-fold cross validation test. However, the computational time related to the training of Gaussian process regression model is slightly higher than other machine learning models. more...
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- 2021
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28. A Safety-Aware Location Privacy-Preserving IoV Scheme with Road Congestion-Estimation in Mobile Edge Computing
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Messaoud Babaghayou, Noureddine Chaib, Nasreddine Lagraa, Mohamed Amine Ferrag, and Leandros Maglaras
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location tracking ,safety and privacy trade-off ,road congestion reporting ,pseudonym change ,location privacy statistics ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
By leveraging the conventional Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs), the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) paradigm has attracted the attention of different research and development bodies. However, IoV deployment is still at stake as many security and privacy issues are looming; location tracking using overheard safety messages is a good example of such issues. In the context of location privacy, many schemes have been deployed to mitigate the adversary’s exploiting abilities. The most appealing schemes are those using the silent period feature, since they provide an acceptable level of privacy. Unfortunately, the cost of silent periods in most schemes is the trade-off between privacy and safety, as these schemes do not consider the timing of silent periods from the perspective of safety. In this paper, and by exploiting the nature of public transport and role vehicles (overseers), we propose a novel location privacy scheme, called OVR, that uses the silent period feature by letting the overseers ensure safety and allowing other vehicles to enter into silence mode, thus enhancing their location privacy. This scheme is inspired by the well-known war strategy “Give up a Pawn to Save a Chariot”. Additionally, the scheme does support road congestion estimation in real time by enabling the estimation locally on their On-Board Units that act as mobile edge servers and deliver these data to a static edge server that is implemented at the cell tower or road-side unit level, which boosts the connectivity and reduces network latencies. When OVR is compared with other schemes in urban and highway models, the overall results show its beneficial use. more...
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- 2023
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29. Nickel-Catalyzed, One-Pot Synthesis of Pyrazoles
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Nassima Medjahed, Zahira Kibou, Amina Berrichi, Redouane Bachir, and Noureddine Choukchou-Braham
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pyrazoles ,heterocycles ,multicomponent synthesis ,organic synthesis ,heterogeneous catalysis ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Recently, multi-component, one-pot reactions have been shown to be efficient and environmentally friendly methods compared to traditional, linear-step syntheses. Heterogeneous catalyzed multicomponent reactions are one of the green approaches to the synthesis of organic compounds, especially pyrazoles and their derivatives. Here we demonstrate the one-pot synthesis of pyrazoles using heterogeneous nickel-based catalysts for the condensation of various hydrazine, ketone derivatives, and aldehyde derivatives at room temperature. The thus synthesized heterogeneous catalyst can be reused up to the seventh cycle without much loss of catalytic activity. more...
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- 2022
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30. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used to treat osteoarticular diseases in the Moroccan Rif, Morocco
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Noureddine Chaachouay, Ouafae Benkhnigue, Mohamed Fadli, Rachida El Ayadi, and Lahcen Zidane
- Subjects
Moroccan Rif ,medicinal and aromatic plants ,osteoarticular diseases ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Context: Ethnobotanical studies are one of the important steps in bioprospecting and preserving traditional uses of medicinal plants. Aims: To identify medicinal and aromatic plants used by the local people to treat osteoarticular diseases, together with the associated ethnomedicinal knowledge. Methods: The ethnobotanical survey was conducted in the Moroccan Rif region (North of Morocco) for two periods from 2016 to 2018. In total, 520 local traditional herbalists and users of these plants were interviewed. Information was collected using semi-structured interviews and group discussion, analyzed and compared by quantitative ethnobotanical indices such as family importance value (FIV), relative frequency of citation (RFC), plant part value (PPV), fidelity level (FL) and informant consensus factor (ICF) were used to analyze the obtained data. Results: The analysis of results identified 17 plant species distributed in 10 families with a dominance of the Poaceae (6 species). Concerning the diseases treated, rheumatism diseases have the highest ICF (0.98). The survey revealed that leaves were the most used part of the plants (PPV=0.37) and the majority preparation used was a decoction (40.9%). Conclusions: The results of the present study showed the existence of indigenous ethnomedicinal knowledge of medicinal and aromatic plants in the Moroccan Rif to treat osteoarticular diseases. Further research on phytochemical, pharmacological and other biological activities should be considered to discover new drugs from these documented plants. more...
- Published
- 2019
31. Note on chromatic polynomials of the threshold graphs
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Noureddine Chikh and Miloud Mihoubi
- Subjects
threshold graphs, chromatic polynomials, generalized bell polynomials ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
Let G be a threshold graph. In this paper, we give, in first hand, a formula relating the chromatic polynomial of Ḡ (the complement of G) to the chromatic polynomial of G. In second hand, we express the chromatic polynomials of G and Ḡ in terms of the generalized Bell polynomials. more...
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- 2019
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32. Evaluation of Different Extraction Methods on the Phenolic Profile and the Antioxidant Potential of Ceratonia siliqua L. Pods Extracts
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Fouad El Mansouri, Joaquim C. G. Esteves Silva, Francesco Cacciola, Fadoua Asraoui, Hatim Tayeq, Yasmine Mttougui Ben Amar, Miguel Palma Lovillo, Noureddine Chouaibi, and Jamal Brigui
- Subjects
Ceratonia siliqua L. ,pods ,polyphenols ,flavonoids ,tannins ,antioxidant activity ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
The present work was designed to investigate the effects of different extraction processes, namely ultrasonic-assisted, supercritical fluid, microwave-assisted and Soxhlet applied to carob pods. The total phenolic quantification and the antioxidant activity were assessed by the means of rapid in vitro spectrophotometric assays; the phenolic profile was identified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The results revealed that the phenolic compounds and the antioxidant capacity varied significantly with the nature of the extraction process. The content of total phenolic compounds ranged from 11.55 to 34.38 mg GAE/g DW; the content of total flavonoids varied from 3.50 to 10.53 mg QE/g DW, and the content of condensed tannins fluctuated from 3.30 to 6.55 mg CE/ g DW. All extracts performed differently on antioxidant activity when determined by the DPPH assay producing a dose-dependent response, with IC50 extended from 11.33 to 6.07 µg/mL. HPLC analysis enabled the identification of nine compounds. As a function of the studied extraction methods, the phenolic compound contents were positively correlated with antioxidant activity. more...
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- 2022
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33. Efficient Synthesis of 2-Aminopyridine Derivatives: Antibacterial Activity Assessment and Molecular Docking Studies
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Zahira Kibou, Nadia Aissaoui, Ismail Daoud, Julio A. Seijas, María Pilar Vázquez-Tato, Nihel Klouche Khelil, and Noureddine Choukchou-Braham
- Subjects
2-aminopyridine derivatives ,multicomponent reactions ,enaminones ,antimicrobial study ,molecular docking ,ADME-T prediction ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
A new and suitable multicomponent one-pot reaction was developed for the synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyanopyridine derivatives. Background: This synthesis was demonstrated by the efficient and easy access to a variety of substituted 2-aminopyridines using enaminones as key precursors under solvent-free conditions. Methods: A range of spectroscopic techniques was used to determine and confirm the chemical structures (FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR). The antimicrobial potency of synthesized compounds (2a–d) was tested using disk diffusion assays, and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for the active compounds was determined against a panel of microorganisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts. Moreover, a docking analysis was conducted by Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software to provide supplementary information about the potential, as well as an ADME-T prediction to describe the pharmacokinetic properties of the best compound and its toxicity. Results: The results of the antimicrobial activity indicated that compound 2c showed the highest activity against Gram-positive bacteria, particularly S. aureus and B. subtilis whose MIC values were 0.039 ± 0.000 µg·mL−1. The results of the theoretical study of compound 2c were in line with the experimental data and exhibited excellent antibacterial potential. Conclusions: On the basis of the obtained results, compound 2c can be used as an antibacterial agent model with high antibacterial potency. more...
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- 2022
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34. Karyological and bioinformatic data on the common chameleon Chamaeleo chamaeleon
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Marwa Sidhom, Khaled Said, Noureddine Chatti, Fabio M. Guarino, Gaetano Odierna, Agnese Petraccioli, Orfeo Picariello, and Marcello Mezzasalma
- Subjects
Karyotype ,C-banding ,DNA ,Chameleons ,Reptiles ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
The data presented in this paper stand as supplementary information of the associated article “Karyological characterization of the common chameleon (Chamaeleo chamaeleon) provides insights on the evolution and diversification of sex chromosomes in Chamaeleonidae” [1]. This work provides (i) raw experimental data on the karyology of the common chameleon Chamaeleo chamaeleon and (ii) the results of bioinformatic analysis on sex-specific and repeated DNA sequences found in the same species. The karyological information here presented includes traditional staining method (Giemsa staining) and sequential C-banding + fluorochromes performed on Tunisian samples of the species. The sequence data include the alignments of the isolated DNA sequences with homologous sequences found in squamate Short Read Archives (SRAs) and the results of searches in public nucleic acid databases. more...
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- 2020
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35. Isolation and Identification of Lipopeptide-Producing Bacillus velezensis Strains from Wheat Phyllosphere with Antifungal Activity against the Wheat Pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici
- Author
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Rémi Platel, Mélodie Sawicki, Qassim Esmaeel, Béatrice Randoux, Pauline Trapet, Mohammed El Guilli, Noureddine Chtaina, Ségolène Arnauld, Alexandre Bricout, Alice Rochex, Natacha Bourdon, Patrice Halama, Cédric Jacquard, Essaid Ait Barka, Philippe Reignault, Maryline Magnin-Robert, and Ali Siah more...
- Subjects
Zymoseptoria tritici ,Bacillus velezensis ,antimicrobial agents ,cyclic lipopeptides ,bacillomycin D ,Agriculture - Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch, caused by the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici, is a highly significant disease on wheat crops worldwide. The objective of the present study was to find out new bacterial strains with bio-antimicrobial activity against Z. tritici. Two phyllospheric bacteria (S1 and S6) were isolated from wheat ears and identified as Bacillus velezensis strains according to 16S rRNA Sanger sequencing. Antagonistic assays performed with either living strains or cell-free culture filtrates showed significant in vitro antifungal activities against Z. tritici. For the culture filtrates, the half-maximal inhibitory dilution and the minimal inhibitory dilution were 1.4% and 3.7% for the strain S1, and 7.4% and 15% for the strain S6, respectively. MALDI—ToF analysis revealed that both strains synthesize cyclic lipopeptides but from different families. Interestingly, only strain S1 produces putative bacillomycin D. Such differential lipopeptide production patterns might explain the difference observed between the antifungal activity of the culture filtrates of the two strains. This study allows the identification of new lipopeptide-producing strains of B. velezensis with a high potential of application for the biocontrol of Z. tritici. more...
- Published
- 2021
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36. An Convenient Synthesis of Ricinine and Its Analogues
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Didier Villemin, Florian Faucher, Nathalie Bar, Zahira Kibou, and Noureddine Choukchou-Braham
- Subjects
Ricinine ,alkaloid ,pyridinone ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Ricinine is an alkaloid of Ricinus communis that displays numerous biological properties. Ricinine (4-methoxy-1-methyl-2-oxo-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile)) and new N-analogues of Ricinine were obtained by the reaction of ethyl α-ethoxyethylidenecyanoacetate with various amines. Earlier, ethyl α-ethoxyethylidenecyanoacetate was easily prepared from ethyl cyanoacetate. Biologically, amines such as tryptamine and histamine were used in order to introduce a second pharmacophore on the target molecule. more...
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- 2021
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37. New Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines Catalyzed Using Gold Nanoparticles
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Djamila Benzenine, Zahira Kibou, Amina Berrichi, Redouane Bachir, and Noureddine Choukchou-Braham
- Subjects
imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine ,efficient synthesis ,catalyst ,green chemistry ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds are abundant in natural products and bioactive compounds and play a huge role in the present repertoire of medicinal chemists due to their potential capability to modulate physicochemical properties. As a result, chemists have focused their efforts on the functionalization of heterocycles. Nitrogen-containing fused heterocyclic compounds are important organic molecules. They are found in a variety of natural products, medicinal compounds and functional materials as structural fragments. The imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine skeleton is one of them, and it is linked to the pharmacological activity of related drugs. Anticancer activity medicines, anxiolytic drugs and anti-inflammatory activity pharmaceuticals all have this structural pattern. Many of them have biological, antifungal, antimicrobial, antiviral and anxiolytic properties, which are used in medications such as divaplon and fasiplon. This invention of a new approach to manufacturing 2-arylsubstituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines efficiently piqued our interest, given the powerful bioactivities of molecules with an imidazopyrimidine core. As a result, appropriate methods for manufacturing such molecules remain appealing. In this context, we would like to present a feasible green chemistry approach for the synthesis of 2-phenyl-imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines. more...
- Published
- 2021
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38. Potential antagonism of some Trichoderma strains isolated from Moroccan soil against three phytopathogenic fungi of great economic importance
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Wafaa MOKHTARI, Noureddine CHTAINA, Erhard HALMSCHLAGER, Hermann VOLGMAYR, Christoph STAUFFER, and Walter JAKLITSCH
- Subjects
Trichoderma spp ,Fusarium oxysporum ,Verticillium dahlia ,Rhizoctonia solani ,antagonistic fungi ,General Works - Abstract
In this study, 17 Trichoderma strains were isolated from different soils (crop fields and Argan forests) in Morocco. Purified monospore cultures were identified using molecular methods and tested for their potential antagonism against three phytopathogenic fungi (Fusarium oxyxporum, verticillium dahlia and rhizoctonia solani). After DNA extraction, translation elongation factor (tef1) was amplified in extracts of 17 strains, sequenced and compared with their ex-types. As a result, three species were identified among the strains, which clustered in two different subclades of Trichoderma: the species T. afroharzianum, and T. guizhouense belong to the Harzianum clade, while T. longibrachiatum belongs to the Longibrachiatum clade. Investigation of potential antagonistic effects of these strains against the soil-borne phytopathogens F. oxysporum, R. solani and V. dahliae was conducted in a dual culture plate assay, using 17 promising Trichoderma strains that have been selected based on a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening approach. In vitro, Trichoderma isolates showed effective antagonistic performance by decreasing soil borne pathogens mycelium radial growth. Trichoderma afroharzianum showed the highest Percentage of Radial Inhibition Growth (PRIG %). The highest PRIG% = 98% was for 8A2.3 isolate against R. solani and the lowest PRIG%= 67% for T9i10 against F. oxysporum. On the other hand, T9i12, which is T. reesei species, led to a high radial inhibition of pathogens’ mycelium. more...
- Published
- 2017
39. Ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological studies of medicinal and aromatic plants used in the treatment of metabolic diseases in the Moroccan Rif
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Noureddine Chaachouay, Ouafae Benkhnigue, Mohamed Fadli, Hamid El Ibaoui, and Lahcen Zidane
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Metabolism ,Moroccan Rif ,Medicinal and aromatic plants ,Metabolic diseases ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Since early times, the people of Morocco use medicinal and aromatic plants as traditional medicine to heal different human ailments. However, little studies have been made in the past to properly document and promote the traditional knowledge. This study was carried out in the Rif (North of Morocco), it aimed to identify medicinal and aromatic plant used by the local people to treat metabolic diseases, together with the associated ethnomedicinal knowledge. The ethnomedical information collected was from 582 traditional healers using semi-structured interviews, free listing and focus group. Family use value (FUV), use value (UV), plant part value (PPV), fidelity level (FL) and informant agreement ratio (IAR) were employed in data analysis. Medicinal and aromatic plant were collected, identified and kept at the natural resources and biodiversity laboratory, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra. During the present study 30 medicinal plant species belonging to 14 families has been documented. The most frequent ailments reported were diabetes (IAR = 0.98). The majority of the remedies were prepared from infusion (53.9%). Leaves were the most frequently used plant part (PPV 0.633) and Rosmarinus officinalis L. (UV = 0.325) was the specie most commonly prescribed by local herbalists. The results of this study showed that people living in the Rif of Morocco are still dependent on medicinal and aromatic plants. The documented plants can serve as a basis for further studies on the regions medicinal plants knowledge and for future phytochemical and pharmacological studies. more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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40. Phytochemical analysis, hypotensive effect and antioxidant properties of Myrtus communis L. growing in Algeria
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Amel Bouaziz, Seddik khennouf, Mussa Abu zarga, Shtaywy Abdalla, Abderahmane Baghiani, and Noureddine Charef
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Myrtus communis ,Phytochemistry ,Phenolic content ,Antioxidant ,Hypertension ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Objective: To analyze Myrtus communis chemically and evaluate the hypotensive effects and antioxidant properties of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts from the leaves of this plant. Methods: Total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant potential of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts have been investigated by using different in vitro methods. The hypotensive effects of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts were evaluated in anaesthetized rats by using the method of invasive blood pressure recording. Moreover, ethyl acetate extract was subjected to analysis by different chromatographic methods in order to identify new compounds. Results: Chemical analysis of ethyl acetate extract revealed the presence of myrecitin-3-O-α-rhamnoside. Ethyl acetate extract was found to have the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents with the values of 435.37 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dried weight and 130.75 mg quercetin equivalent/g dried weight, respectively. Ethyl acetate extract also exhibited the highest activity in scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), hydroxyl radical and reducing power; whereas, methanol extract exhibited higher chelating activity than ethyl acetate extract did. Chloroform was found to be strong inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in β-carotene bleaching assay (91.19%), ferric thiocyanate method (87.55%), and thiobarbituric acid method (82.59%) as compared to butylated hydroxytoluene. Intravenous administration of methanol and ethyl acetate extract (0.04 to 12 mg/kg body weight) decreased the maximum mean arterial blood pressure with values of 20.6% and 32.49% at 12 mg/kg body weight, respectively in anesthetized rats. Conclusions: This study provides a scientific basis for the use of Myrtus communis in traditional medicine as hypertensive agent as well as additional resources for natural antioxidants. more...
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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41. Antagonisme potentiel de certaines souches de Trichoderma isolées du sol marocain contre trois champignons phytopathogènes de grande importance économique
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Wafaa MOKHTARI, Noureddine CHTAINA, Erhard HALMSCHLAGER, Hermann VOLGMAYR, Christoph STAUFFER, and Walter JAKLITSCH
- Subjects
General Works - Abstract
Dans cette étude, 17 souches de Trichoderma on été isolées à partir d’échantillons du sol de différentes origines (champs et forêt d’arganier). Les espèces ont été identifiées par la caractérisation moléculaire des cultures monospores des isolats de Trichoderma et leur potentiel d’antagonisme a été évalué contre trois champignons phyto-pathogènes telluriques (Fusarium oxyxporum, verticillium dahlia et rhizoctonia solani). Après l’extraction de l’ADN, le facteur d’élongation et de traduction tef1 a été utilisé comme marqueur moléculaire pour amplifier, séquencer et par la suite caractériser les 17 souches qui ont été comparées avec leur ex-types déjà référencés. Par conséquent, l’identification moléculaire par tef1 a permis la caractérisation de trois espèces de Trichoderma à savoir T. afroharzianum, et T. guizhouense appartenant à la branche Harzianum, et T. longibrachiatum appartenant à la branche Longibrachiatum. Les 17 isolats candidats ont été sélectionnés par une méthode de criblage basée sur la PCR (polymerase chain reaction). L’évaluation du potentiel antagoniste des souches de Trichoderma contre les champignons phytopathogènes telluriques (F. oxysporum, R. solani et V. dahliae) a été réalisée par la méthode de confrontation sur boîtes de pétrie. L’étude in vitro de l’activité antagoniste par le «Pourcentage of Radial Inhibition Growth» (PRIG %) a permis de suivre l’évolution de la croissance radiale du mycélium des différents champignons phytopathogènes. Le pourcentage le plus élevé (PRIG% = 98%) a été observé pour la confrontation entre l’isolat 8A2.3 et R. solani et le pourcentage le plus faible (PRIG% = 67%) a été observé pour la confrontation entre l’isolat T9i10 et F. oxysporum. D’un autre coté, T9i12 qui est un isolat de l’espèce T. reeseia a engendré une inhibition élevée de la croissance radiale du mycélium des différents pathogènes. Mots clés: Trichoderma spp, Fusarium oxysporum, Verticillium dahlia, Rhizoctonia solani, champignons antagonistes. more...
- Published
- 2017
42. Efficient Realization of BCD Multipliers Using FPGAs
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Shuli Gao, Dhamin Al-Khalili, J. M. Pierre Langlois, and Noureddine Chabini
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Computer engineering. Computer hardware ,TK7885-7895 - Abstract
In this paper, a novel BCD multiplier approach is proposed. The main highlight of the proposed architecture is the generation of the partial products and parallel binary operations based on 2-digit columns. 1 × 1-digit multipliers used for the partial product generation are implemented directly by 4-bit binary multipliers without any code conversion. The binary results of the 1 × 1-digit multiplications are organized according to their two-digit positions to generate the 2-digit column-based partial products. A binary-decimal compressor structure is developed and used for partial product reduction. These reduced partial products are added in optimized 6-LUT BCD adders. The parallel binary operations and the improved BCD addition result in improved performance and reduced resource usage. The proposed approach was implemented on Xilinx Virtex-5 and Virtex-6 FPGAs with emphasis on the critical path delay reduction. Pipelined BCD multipliers were implemented for 4 × 4, 8 × 8, and 16 × 16-digit multipliers. Our realizations achieve an increase in speed by up to 22% and a reduction of LUT count by up to 14% over previously reported results. more...
- Published
- 2017
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43. A NEW ROUTE FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF 2 AMINOPYRIDINES
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Zahira Kibou, Nawel Cheikh, Noureddine Choukchou-Braham, Bachir Mostefa-Kara, Mohammed Benabdellah, and Didier Villemin
- Subjects
2-amino-3-cyanopyridines ,enaminonitriles ,green chemistry ,microwave ,solvent-free ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
The 2-aminopyridines constitute a very large class of nitrogen heterocycles, which have a great biological activity, such as the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and analgesics activity, as well as the 2-amino-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-3-carbonitrile has a antifungal activity. A new approach of synthesis of 2 amino-3-cyanopyridines was developed in our laboratory, based on the condensation of the intermediary of enaminonitrile with different primary amines in solvent-free environments. more...
- Published
- 2011
44. Réalisation d’un système de reconnaissance automatique de la parole arabe base sur CMU Sphinx
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Ali Sadiqui and Noureddine Chenfour
- Subjects
Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
This paper presents the continuation of the work completed by Satori and all. [SCH07] by the realization of an automatic speech recognition system (ASR) for Arabic language based SPHINX 4 system. The previous work was limited to the recognition of the first ten digits, whereas the present work is a remarkable projection consisting in continuous Arabic speech recognition with a rate of recognition of surroundings 96%. more...
- Published
- 2010
45. An XML Approach of Coding a Morphological Database for Arabic Language
- Author
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Mourad Gridach and Noureddine Chenfour
- Subjects
Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
We present an XML approach for the production of an Arabic morphological database for Arabic language that will be used in morphological analysis for modern standard Arabic (MSA). Optimizing the production, maintenance, and extension of morphological database is one of the crucial aspects impacting natural language processing (NLP). For Arabic language, producing a morphological database is not an easy task, because this it has some particularities such as the phenomena of agglutination and a lot of morphological ambiguity phenomenon. The method presented can be exploited by NLP applications such as syntactic analysis, semantic analysis, information retrieval, and orthographical correction. more...
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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46. Efficient Scheme for Implementing Large Size Signed Multipliers Using Multigranular Embedded DSP Blocks in FPGAs
- Author
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Shuli Gao, Dhamin Al-Khalili, and Noureddine Chabini
- Subjects
Computer engineering. Computer hardware ,TK7885-7895 - Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Reasons for use and experiences of using phenibut, a mixed methods analysis of online reports.
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Behmer Hansen RA, Behmer Hansen RT, Noureddine C, Behmer VA, and Opler D
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- Humans, Male, United States, Gabapentin, Pregabalin therapeutic use, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid therapeutic use, Benzodiazepines
- Abstract
Background: Phenibut is a drug similar in structure to gabapentin and pregabalin. It is available online without prescription, often marketed as a dietary supplement or amino acid derivative. Little is known about phenibut use despite its increased popularity in the United States over the last decade. Objective: To clarify reasons for taking phenibut, circumstances, and effects of use. Methods: Reports of phenibut, gabapentin, and pregabalin use were downloaded from a publicly-available database, Erowid.org. A mixed methods approach utilizing qualitative content analysis was used. Results: Of 229 reports, 211 were from male authors. People usually purchased phenibut online and reportedly used it for recreation, to manage a medical or psychiatric problem (primarily insomnia, anxiety), as a substitute for other drugs (especially benzodiazepines), to manage withdrawal from another substance (including benzodiazepines, opioids), and/or for performance enhancement. While it shared many reported effects with pregabalin and gabapentin such as anxiolysis, increased talkativeness, and impaired motor coordination, reports of gastrointestinal distress and sedation were more commonly attributed to phenibut. Several people reported difficulty in restricting their use and managing withdrawal. Conclusions: Phenibut reports suggest that phenibut may have some benefits for some people. Use also, however, carries risks of adverse effects, a potentially dangerous withdrawal syndrome, and addiction. Not dissimilar to unprescribed gabapentin or pregabalin, self-medication is a common motive for phenibut use. Physicians should continue to ask their patients about use of any non-prescribed medications, dietary supplements, or "amino acid derivatives." Abbreviation: PWUPh: people who use phenibut; PWUG: people who use gabapentin; PWUPr: people who use pregabalin. more...
- Published
- 2023
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48. Low SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence and No Active Infections among Dogs and Cats in Animal Shelters with Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 Human Cases among Employees.
- Author
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Cossaboom CM, Medley AM, Spengler JR, Kukielka EA, Goryoka GW, Baird T, Bhavsar S, Campbell S, Campbell TS, Christensen D, Condrey JA, Dawson P, Doty JB, Feldpausch A, Gabel J, Jones D, Lim A, Loiacono CM, Jenkins-Moore M, Moore A, Noureddine C, Ortega J, Poulsen K, Rooney JA, Rossow J, Sheppard K, Sweet E, Stoddard R, Tell RM, Wallace RM, Williams C, and Barton Behravesh C more...
- Abstract
Human-to-animal and animal-to-animal transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been documented; however, investigations into SARS-CoV-2 transmission in congregate animal settings are lacking. We investigated four animal shelters in the United States that had identified animals with exposure to shelter employees with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Of the 96 cats and dogs with specimens collected, only one dog had detectable SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies; no animal specimens had detectable viral RNA. These data indicate a low probability of human-to-animal transmission events in cats and dogs in shelter settings with early implementation of infection prevention interventions. more...
- Published
- 2021
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49. Evidence for the existence of two distinct species: Psammomys obesus and Psammomys vexillaris within the sand rats (Rodentia, Gerbillinae), reservoirs of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tunisia.
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Mostafa BH, Abderrazak Souha B, Sabeh F, Noureddine C, and Riadh BI
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- Animals, Gerbillinae genetics, Tunisia, Disease Reservoirs, Gerbillinae classification, Gerbillinae parasitology, Leishmania, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous parasitology, Zoonoses parasitology
- Abstract
A thorough taxonomic knowledge about putative animal reservoirs of transmissible diseases is an absolute prerequisite to any ecological investigation and epidemiological survey of zoonoses. Indeed, accurate identification of these reservoirs is essential for predicting species-specific population outbreaks and therefore to develop accurate ecological control strategies. The systematic status of sand rats (genus Psammomys) remains unclear despite the pivotal role of these rodents in the epidemiology of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ZCL) disease as sand rats are the main known reservoir hosts of the protozoan parasite Leishmania major. In the present work, we expose morphological, biochemical, genetic and cytogenetic evidence supporting the identification of at least two cryptic species within the genus Psammomys in Tunisia. First, significant morphometric differences were observed and were correlated associated with external features and biogeographic origins. Second, differences in patterns of two isoenzymic systems (Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (GOT) and 6-PhosphoGluconate Dehydrogenase (6PGD)) were found, which makes it possible to amount these isoenzyme characters to two diagnostic loci. Third, based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene, a high magnitude of genetic distance (13.89%) was also observed. Fourth, cytogenetic analysis showed that these two populations groups differ in their diploid chromosome numbers, i.e. 2N=46 versus 2N=48. We consider that all these variations are enough important to be considered as demonstrative and we propose that these two lineages should be considered as two distinct species that we refer to the fat sand rat Psammomys obesus Cretzschmar, 1828 and the thin sand rat Psammomys vexillaris Thomas, 1925. Implications of such results on the eco-epidemiology of ZCL in Tunisia are discussed. more...
- Published
- 2006
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50. Ultrasonographic appearance of Dandy Walker-like Syndrome in a Boston Terrier.
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Noureddine C, Harder R, Olby NJ, Spaulding K, and Brown T
- Subjects
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Dandy-Walker Syndrome diagnostic imaging, Diagnosis, Differential, Dog Diseases pathology, Dogs, Male, Pedigree, Ultrasonography veterinary, Dandy-Walker Syndrome veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Congenital cerebellar disorders can be caused by in utero or neonatal infections, genetic aberrations causing malformations, and neurodegenerative processes. Most congenital cerebellar disorders are diagnosed definitively with histopathology. However, antemortem diagnosis of cerebellar malformations can be made by imaging the brain. This paper describes the antemortem appearance of a congenital cerebellar malformation in a Boston Terrier puppy on ultrasound images. This appearance was compared with the postmortem findings that were comparable to Dandy Walker Syndrome in humans. A previous report of this syndrome in Boston Terriers suggests the problem may be inherited in this breed. more...
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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