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This research was conducted in Tapsel Regency, North Sumatra for 8 months starting in April 2018, in 24 villages located in 4 sub-districts out of 14 sub-districts, determined by the Multistage Sampling Technique. Determination of respondents by purposive sampling technique. The respondents observed were 112 sugar palm farmers. Determination of respondents by purposive sampling technique. Research objectives: To describe the conditions and perceptions of sugar palm farmers in relation to the development of sugar palm agro-industry institutions. Data analysis techniques: Descriptive Analysis. Arranged variables; variable Y; Agroindustry Institutions, and variable X consists of 1. Human Resources, 2. Interaction, 3. Motivation, 4. Farmer Participation, and 5. Socio-Economic. Measured through 14 parameters spread over 49 lists of structured questions on the questionnaire. Farmers' responses to the questionnaire were assessed using a Likert Scale to identify and interpret the conditions and perceptions of sugar palm farmers. The results of the research produce recommendations: 1. Instilling confidence in sugar palm farmers, is important 2. Socialization is needed to sugar palm farmers, for example about; standard price of palm sugar, the technology used and the performance of the agro-industry. 3. The issue of agro-industry institutional leaders must go through a separate study.

The study aimed to explore the influence of fermentation and non-fermentation on cocoa processing (Theobroma cacao L.) on physical properties, chemical properties, fatty acid profiles and sensory properties of cococa butter. The study was conducted using an experimental method with two treatments and three replications. Analysis of cocoa butter consisted of yield, color, moisture content, free fatty acids, iod numbers, peroxide numbers, determination of fatty acid profile using GC-MS, and analysis of sensory properties. The results showed that the yield was between 20.82-21.00%. The color of fermented cocoa butter has a value of L* 17.88, a*8.70, and b*7.99 while for nonfermented cocoa butter has a value of L* 14.88, a* 8.96, and b* 6.78, water content between 0.10-0.12%, free fatty acids 0.51-0.56%, iod numbers 26.40-26.50 g I2/100g, peroxide numbers between 0.40-0.70 meq peroxide/kg fat, 190.23-191.40 mg KOH/g fat. The fatty acid profile using GC-MS showed that the dominant fatty acid constituents contained in fermented and nonfermented cocoa fats are oleic acid (29.39-29.57%), heptadecanoic acid (25.85-26.77%), and palmitic acid (21.49-21.83%). Based on sensory analysis of cocoa butter with fermented treatment is preferred because it has a more attractive color, taste, and aroma compared to nonfermented cocoa butter.

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of utilizing virgin coconut oil (VCO) and gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) in several combinations on the manufacture of herbal toothpaste on its characteristics and antibacterial activity. The research design used is a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three repeats so that in this study 5 x 3 there were 15 combinations of treatments. The resulting research data is then analyzed using the F test and if the data differs is real then proceed with the Duncan News Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) test to find out the significant level difference of 5% between treatments. The determination of formulations in the manufacture of toothpaste using a concentration of 10% VCO as a toothpaste base refers to the previous research formula and the addition of 0.9%, 1.8%, 2.6%, 3.5%, and 4.3% of gambier. Based on research that has been done, it can be concluded that the addition of gambir concentrations has a real influence on the pH value and foam formation but does not affect homogeneity, hedonic values (color, aroma, taste, texture, and overall value) and the diameter of the bland zone against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The best toothpaste preparation is treatment 3, which is the addition of 2.6% of the toothpaste base preparation with a pH value of 8.42, homogeneous, foam height of 10.70 mm, color preference (3.85), the aroma (4.25), flavor (3.30), texture (3.45), overall (3.80), strong indicator bland zone diameter (34.55 mm).

One of the natural antioxidants sources that have the potential to be utilized as raw material for functional food is corn bran. Corn bran is a by-product of the milling process of corn that is gaining attention as a functional food is increasing in recent years. This study aimed to optimize temperature and extraction time for the nutritional and phytochemical contents of corn bran with ultrasonic-method. Optimized Custom Design was applied to investigate the effect of experimental factors on the nutritional and phytochemical contents. This study used Randomized Block Design (RBD) arranged in-factorial with 3 treatments, namely temperature and time of extraction. Temperature: A1=500C, A2=550C, A3=600C, and A4=650C, and time: B1=10 minutes, B2=15 minutes, B3=20 minutes, and B4=25 minutes. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using ANOVA with a significance level of 95% and then processed with Software DX13.0 ® program. The results of the research show the formula of the experiment which is optimal at a temperature of 500C and 10 minutes. In this condition, the result is the yield at 38.34%, nutritional contents (water at 9.17%; ash at 0.33%; fat at 1.33%, protein at 4.40%, carbohydrates at 85.47%; and crude fiber at 1.88%. produce yield 38.34%, and phytochemical contents (total phenols at 1778.07 µg GAE/g. flavonoids at 92.11 µg GAE/g, vitamin C at 5.84 mg, antioxidant activity at 43.33%, and tannins at 0.11%). This study implies that there is an increase in added value from the conversion of corn bran into nutrient-rich products and has a promising phytochemical content.

The use of 100% palm oil polyol without the addition of a chain extender produced foam which initially expands and then collapses so that the resulting foam has tight pores, dense texture, and brittle (brittle). It was necessary to use a chain extender to improve the flexible properties of the foam. This study aimed to examine the ratio of palm oil polyols with a chain extender to produce flexible polyurethane foam with good characteristics. The treatment of this study was a combination of types and comparisons of palm oil polyols with chain extenders which were carried out 3 times, consisting of factor A = type of chain extender (diethylene glycol (DEG), diethanolamine (DEA), and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-400) and factor B = ratio of palm oil polyols. with a chain extender (80%:20%; 70%:30%; 60%:40%; 50%:50%). The obtained foam was observed visually, foam development, and foam density. The best sample for each type of extender was analyzed by FTIR. The results showed that 40% PEG-400 has succeeded in producing flexible polyurethane foam with higher expansion (291.22%), lower density (29 kg/m3), and visually has the best flexible properties. Based on FTIR analysis, the use of PEG-400 in the polyol system can increase the reactivity of palm oil polyols to isocyanates.

Background: The utilization of liquid hand soap is an alternative to prevent virus transmission in COVID 19 Pandemic. The production of aromatic hand soap and distribution to the public will be an effort to support the prevention of the spread of the corona virus. Methodology: Aromatic hand soap made from eucalyptus is produced and distributed to people in Padang City as an alternative product for people to maintain their personal hygiene. Conclusion: This eucalyptus-flavored handsoap has received a lot of positive feedback. This product can assist people in maintaining their personal hygiene. The public does not like the smell of eucalyptus oil in this hand soap product. The formulation of this product will need to be completed in the future.

Penentuan komoditas unggulan tanaman biofarmaka menjadi fokus utama Kota Medan untuk meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan masyarakat sekaligus menjadi lokomotif ekonomi berkelanjutan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode LQ dan SS, IJAH Analytics dan Studi Pustaka (library research). Hasil analisis melalui metode LQ ditetapkan 3 komoditas tanaman biofarmaka Kota Medan dengan pertumbuhan yang berbeda dan mampu bersaing dengan berbagai komoditas sejenis daerah lain. Pengunaan IJAH Analytics membuktikan komoditas tersebut menghasilkan 14 protein, 52 senyawa kimia dan mampu mengobati 25 penyakit. Hasil studi pustaka memberikan informasi bahwa berbagai jenis penyakit yang dapat disembuhkan menggunakan tanaman Biofarmaka menjadi peluang ekonomi bagi Kota Medan. Menciptakan industrialisasi terhadap komoditas, melalui penciptaan produk akhir yang siap dikonsumsi masyarakat, promosi serta menyediakannya dalam pengobatan medis pada rumah sakit, maka komoditas tanaman biofarmaka akan menjadi lokomotif percepatan ekonomi Kota Medan.

Medicinal plants are plants that can be used as raw materials for traditional medicine, which if it consumed will increase immunity. Indonesian medicinal plants have a high contribution to world drug production. North Sumatra is one of the provinces producing a variety of traditional medicinal plants. There are 63.10% of Indonesian people choose self-medication and there are 21.41% of them take traditional medicine and 3.96% do other treatments. In less than 6 years from 2000 to 2006 there was an increase of the traditional medicine utilization reach of 23.10%. This fact shows that traditional medicinal plants have a strong potential in improving the economy of North Sumatra Province. This study aims to determine (1) the development of traditional medicinal plant production, (2) the form of consumption of traditional medicinal plants, (3) the trade of traditional medicinal plants in North Sumatra, (4) the relationship between the exchange rate and the amount of exports of traditional medicinal plants. The research was carried out by literature study and quantitative approach study. The population and sample study was the people who use medicinal plant and traditional medicine in the province of Sumatra. The study also used secondary data from various sources about the use of traditional medicinal plants. The results of the study revealed that (1) Production of traditional medicinal plants (ginger, galangal, kencur, turmeric, lempuyang, temulawak, temuireng, temulawak, temukunci, cucumber, cardamom, Noni, crown of the gods, kejibeling, bitter and aloe vera) in North Sumatra Province from 2013-2017 were very fluctuatif (2) Consumption of traditional medicinal plants in the North Sumatra province from 2013-2017 has increased and the consumption was vary as follows of: traditional medicine ingredients and as raw material for the pharmaceutical industry, industry of traditional medicinal plants and microbusiness of medicinal plants traditional, (3) trade in traditional medicinal plants in the province of North Sumatra carried out between districts, provinces and international (export) (4) There is no relationship between international trade in medicinal plants with the exchange rate of the rupiah. Keywords: traditional medicinal plants, trade, consumption, exchange rates, exports ABSTRAK Tanaman obat merupakan tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku obat tradisional, yang bila dikonsumsi akan meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh. Tanaman obat Indonesia memiliki kontribusi yang tinggi terhadap produksi obat dunia. Sumatera Utara merupakan salah satu provinsi penghasil aneka ragam tanaman obat tradisional. Data menyebutkan bahwa 63,10% masyarakat Indonesia memilih pengobatan sendiri, sebanyak 21,41% melakukan pengobatan tradisional dan 3,96% melakukan pengobatan lain. Dalam kurun waktu 6 tahun dari tahun 2000 sampai 2006 terjadi peningkatan penggunaan obat tradisional sebanyak 23,10%. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa tanaman obat tradisional memiliki potensi yang kuat dalam meningkatkan perekonomian Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) perkembangan produksi tanaman obat tradisional, (2) bentuk konsumsi tanaman obat tradisional, (3) perdagangan tanaman obat tradisional di Sumatera Utara dan (4) hubungan antara nilai kurs dengan jumlah ekspor tanaman obat tradisional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dan kuantitatif. Populasi dan sampel penelitian merupakan masyarakat yang melakukan pengobatan secara tradisional di berbagai kabupaten yang ada di Provinsi Sumatera Utara dan juga menggunakan data sekunder dari berbagai sumber terkait penggunaan tanaman obat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Produksi tanaman obat tradisional (jahe, lengkuas, kencur, kunyit, lempuyang, temulawak, temuireng, temulawak, temukunci, dringgo, kapulaga, mengkudu, mahkota dewa, kejibeling, sambiloto dan lidah buaya) di Provinsi Sumatera Utara mengalami fluktuasi dari tahun 2013-2017 (2) Konsumsi tanaman obat tradisional di Provinsi Sumatera Utara mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2013-2017 dan konsumsi dilakukan dalam bentuk ramuan oleh masyarakat serta dijadikan sebagai bahan baku untuk industri farmasi, industri tanaman obat tradisional dan usaha mikro tanaman obat tradisional, (3) perdagangan tanaman obat tradisional di provinsi Sumatera Utara dilakukan antar kabupaten, provinsi dan internasional (ekspor) (4) Tidak ada hubungan antara perdagangan tanaman obat secara internasional dengan nilai kurs rupiah. Kata kunci: tanaman obat tradisional, perdagangan, konsumsi, kurs, ekspor

Limau Manis is an area that is famous for producing rice, known as 'Sokan Limau Manis rice'. The development of sokan rice as a local product of Padang City can encourage increased rice production. The increase in production will affect the quality of the environment as a result of the entire series of sokan rice production activities. To find out the amount of emissions that can be generated from the Sokan Limau Manis rice production process, it is necessary to do an analysis using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The LCA method can help identify and analyze the production cycle, the stages of the process, the flow of materials and materials as well as the energy that occurs during the rice production process in a comprehensive manner. Furthermore, the LCA method is able to provide an overview of the environmental impacts that can be generated from a series of rice production processes in which the implementation uses input raw materials that have the potential to damage the environment such as the use of chemical fertilizers. This research was conducted in Limau Manih Village, Pauh District, Padang City. The data used are primary data obtained from field observations and interviews with related parties. Primary data include the life cycle of rice, input and output of raw materials needed at each stage of the life cycle, as well as the use of tools and machinery at each stage of the life cycle. Secondary data includes the way the calculations are carried out, the value of emissions, and energy conversion. Sokan rice production system includes cultivation activities, rice refining until the final rice product is obtained requires input and energy consumption in the form of seeds, fertilizer, and diesel fuel as fuel. The development of Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) in the LCA analysis helps facilitate the process of data inventory in identifying the flow of raw materials in one production cycle of a product. The results of the analysis show that sokan rice produces emissions of 1.94 kg CO2eq / kg of rice produced with a total energy use value of 11,363.7 MJ / ton of rice. The largest CO2 emissions come from production and transportation activities, while the largest value of non-CO2 emissions comes from the stage of rice cultivation in the form of CH4 emissions. The value of CH4 emissions is influenced by the high use of fertilizers on the land. The improvement of the current system is more focused on reducing the consumption of synthetic fertilizers and increasing the use of organic materials and reuse of production waste to reduce the value of emissions on land and the environment

The integration of environmental management into Human Resource Management (HRM) is called Green HRM. There is a growing need for the application of Green HRD in industry. The objective of this review is to explore green human resource management practices of organizations in the industry based on the existing literature. Based on this review, it is concluded that by understanding and increasing the scope and depth of green HRM practices, organizations can improve their environmental performance in a more sustainable manner than before. The green HRM practices are more powerful tools in making organizations and their operations in industry green. The green performance, green behaviors, green attitude, and green competencies of human resources can be shaped and reshaped through the adaptation of green HRM practices.

Kenagarian (West Sumatra traditional village) Andaleh is located at the base of Mount Marapi in Batipuh Tanah Datar District, West Sumatra. The main livelihoods of the population are farming by planting rice, vegetable crops, ornamental plants, and cinnamon. In general, farmers in this location increase the yield of vegetables (onion) using artificial fertilizers. Sometimes it requires limited chemical fertilizer, difficult to obtain and expensive. Of course, this will burden farmers in the production of onion is a daily necessity of the community. At this location, there are many titonia plants and agricultural waste. The solution given is agricultural waste and plant processing into compost. Compost can increase growth and yield of onion bulbs. The objectives to be achieved in Community Service and Empowerment Program (KKN-PPM) activities are 1) Making compost using straw and agricultural waste and its application as organic fertilizer when mapping the red plotters, 2) Applying agricultural waste compost in the cultivation of onion 3) Processing the onion bulbs into the fried onion. The methods applied were debriefing students, counseling, training and demonstration plots with farmers. Activities that have been carried out are counseling about good onion cultivation, counseling about the benefits of organic fertilizer (compost) to 1) improve soil improvement and sources of nutrients for plants. 2) training to make compost from straw and agricultural waste using Effective Microorganism EM-4, 3) supporting compost application in onion cultivation in farmers' fields and 4) processing of fried onion.

The problem of genotype-environment interaction (G×E) in interpreting multilocus trial analyses and predicting genotype performance can be mitigated by applying Additive Main effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model analysis. The model AMMI was used in the present study to determine the effect of genotype, environment, and their interaction, to determine the extent of G×E interaction and to identify the factors contributing to G×E interaction for the best yielding aromatic fine rice genotype grown in four different districts in Bangladesh. Analysis of variance showed that the effect of genotypes, environments, G×E interactions were highly significant for plant height, days to maturity, panicles length, grain yield. Result showed grain yield had highly significant differences for environmental traits like (soil properties, phenological, genotypes) with their interactions which indicated that environments were different and changeability with the genotypes. Large variations in total P, Fe and rainfall identified as the main cause of the observed interaction. Here, Genotype BRRI Dhan34 had the highest mean grain yield values over four locations, respectively. In AMMI model, among four locations Dinajpur with Nilphamari were the majority responsive environments and Dinajpur was the most adjacent responsive location. Therefore, location Dinajpur with BRRI Dhan34 genotype could be considered as a better combination for higher grain yield among the ten aromatic fine rice genotypes.

This study aims to design a model by providing several policy alternatives that are useful to assist the government in determining appropriate policies in increasing patchouli oil production from the supply aspect. The supply to be studied is patchouli plantations. The plantation is one of the important aspects affecting patchouli oil production. The choice of alternatives is based on testing alternative policies on a computerized model. Patchouli plantation models are made in line with real systems using system dynamics. From the results of the study, there are several policy alternatives that can be taken by the government, policies related to land expansion and conversion, policies related to increasing agricultural production, policies related to human resource improvement, policies related to agricultural equipment assistance and policies related to the use of superior seeds in plantations.

Pengembangan agroindustri kelapa di sentra daerah penghasil kelapa masih perlu ditingkatkan. Hal ini disebabkan karena masih banyaknya petani kelapa yang masih bertahan dengan tradisi lama, yaitu menjual kelapa bulat tanpa mengolahnya terlebih dahulu. Salah satu strategi pengembangan adalah dengan menentukan daerah potensial untuk pengembangan agroindustri tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan daerah potensial atau daerah yang prospektif untuk pengembangan agroindustri kelapa. Kriteria yang digunakan adalah jumlah penduduk, luas areal, jumlah produksi, dan jumlah petani kelapa. Sedangkan alternatif adalah mencakup semua daerah penghasil kelapa. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, yang terdiri atas 20 daerah penghasil kelapa, yaitu Batang Tuaka, Concong, Enok, Gaung Anak serka, Gaung, Kateman, Kempas, Kemuning, Keritang, Kuala Indragiri, Mandah, Pelangiran, Pulau Burung, Reteh, Sungai Batang, Tanah Merah, Teluk Belengkong, Tembilahan, Tembilahan Hulu, dan Tempuling. Penentuan daerah prospektif menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan bantuan program Expert Choice . Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa daerah yang paling prospektif untuk pengembangan agroindustri kelapa di Indragiri Hilir adalah Kecamatan Mandah, dengan bobot 0.150.Hasil dari penelitian ini bisa digunakan sebagai pendukung keputusan dalam menentukan daerah untuk pengembangan agroindustri kelapa.

Makalah ini berisi tinjauan komprehensif terhadap literatur tentang proses penyangraian kopi dan pembentukan akrilamida sebagai hasil sampingan proses pengolahan biji kopi diterbitkan antara tahun 2008 hingga 2018. bagian besar penelitian bersifat empiris dan sebagian besar studi berfokus pada proses pengolahan kopi dan efek akrilamida pada kesehatan tubuh. Temuan penting lainnya, sebagian kajian menganggap bahwa kopi mampu meningkatkan kesehatan tubuh. Ulasan ini menyajikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang manfaat dan bahaya kopi serta pengaruh penyangraian terhadap mutu kopi yang dihasilkan. Tinjauan ini juga menyoroti tentang alat sangrai kopi yang relatif kurang dieksplorasi. Akademisi, peneliti dan kelompok tani dapat menggunakan hasil kajian ini sebagai pedoman dalam menyangrai kopi. Penyangraian dengan waktu dan suhu yang efektif dapat mengurangi pembentukan akrilamida pada kopi, namun perlu kajian literatur terbaru yang berkaitan dengan proses pengolahan kopi terutama pada proses penyangraian.

Rice is a crop that is consumed as a staple food by the majority of the people in the world and therefore failure in rice crops, due to any reason, poses a severe threat of starvation. Rice blast, caused by a fungus Pyricularia oryzae, has been ranked among the most threatening plant diseases of rice and it is found wherever rice is grown. All of the rice blast disease management strategies employed so far have had limited success and rice blast has never been eliminated from rice fields. Hence, there is a need to look for the best remedy in terms of effectiveness, sustainability, and organic nature of the method. This study was aimed at determining the plant growth-promoting and fungicidal effects of a mixture of Piper caninum and Piper betle var. Nigra leaves extracts and rhizobacteria. Gas chromatography&ndash, mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis of a mixture of leaves extracts of these plants revealed the presence of new bioactive compounds such as alpha.-gurjunene, gamma.-terpinene, and ethyl 5-formyl 3-(2-ethoxycarbonyl) in a mixture of leaves extracts of P. caninum and P. betle var. Nigra. The mixture of these extracts reduced the intensity of blast disease, inhibited P. oryzae, and improved the growth, yield, and quality of Bali rice. All treatments comprising of different concentrations of a mixture of leaves extracts of P. caninum and P. betle var. Nigra plus rhizobacteria exhibited biocontrol and bioefficacy. However, a 2% concentration of a mixture of these leaves extracts with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) exhibited potent inhibition of growth of P. oryzae, a significant reduction in the intensity of blast disease, and a maximum increase in growth, yield, and quality of Bali rice. In the 15th week, the intensity of blast disease decreased from 80.18% to 7.90%. The mixture of leaves extract + PGPR also improved the height of the plant, the number of tillers, number of leaves, number of grains per panicle, number of heads per panicle, and the full-grain weight per clump. Applications of various concentrations of a mixture of leaves extracts + PGPR resulted in improvement in the potential yield of rice, however, the application of 2% extracts + PGPR gave the highest potential yield of 5.61 tha&minus, 1 compared to the low yields in the control and other treatments. The high grain yield observed with the treatment was caused by the low intensity of blast disease. This treatment also strengthened the stem and prevented the drooping of the plant and improved the quality of rice grain.

Rice is a plant that has been intensively breed, especially in Asia, most of the population’s staple food is rice. There were Many types of rice varieties have been developed for high yeald production. Different rice diseases arise that many treat to reduce production. Such as curvularia spotting disease caused by the fungus Curvularia sp. Infection of Curvularia species causing leaf spots, leaf blights, kernel root, grain deformation and other diseases are well known globally. It was discovered that the small brown oval spots on the Ciherang rice variety cultivated in Bali, Indonesia was caused by Curvularia verruculosa. This disease could reduce the rice yield up to almost 50%. The application of commercial fungicide by the local farmers has not been satisfactorily successful in term of controlling the disease but instead bring damages to the environment and the soil as well. Farmer’s safety is also another serious issue. The current studi develop a natural and green fungicide to check the efficacy of Piper caninum extract against the fungi. Research in the laboratory uses a completely randomized design and research in the field uses a randomized group design.The method of making leaf extracts uses maceration method. Diffusion well technique showed a strong inhibition of the abstract against the C. verruculosa with 22mm inhibition. Zone with a total inhibition of 4% extract concentration. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was low of 0.5%. Scanning electron images of the treated fungi showed hollow and wrinkled mycelia morphology indicating lysis of the cell has occurred. P. caninum leaf extract at a concentration of 3% provides the highest obstacle to the intensity of C. verruculosa disease, whereas in the treatment of leaf extract concentration p. caninum 4% intensity of C. verrucuosa disease has decreased because rice plants are toxic at a concentration of 4%. Further research is needed regarding the treatment of P. caninum leaf extract against C. verruculosa in rice fields.

One of the types of coffee cultivated in Solok Regency is Arabica Coffee (Coffea Arabica L). The quality of the coffee produced can be influenced by the proper harvesting and post-harvest process so as to produce ground coffee with good quality. This research is done by the method of observation, descriptive, and hedonic test. Ground coffee produced in Solok Regency has a semi-mechanical harvesting process while the post-harvest process begins with the release of the skin and meat of the fruit, subsequent drying, and release of the skin of horns, sorting and grading, roasted, milling and packaging. This research aims to study the processing and quality of Arabica Ground Coffee in Solok Regency.

Gambir merupakan komoditas unggulan Sumatera Barat. Di dalam pemasaran produk gambir, terdapat rantai pemasaran yang sangat panjang hingga diterima ditangan konsumen akhir. Distribusi nilai tambah masing-masing pelaku rantai pemasaran tidak mendapatkan porsi yang seimbang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui keseimbangan nilai tambah yang diperoleh setiap pelaku rantai pasok menggunakan metode Hayami Termodifikasi untuk menghitung nilai tambah dan analytical network process untuk menganalisis tingkat risiko pada pelaku rantai pasok gambir. Pada skala industri dengan kapasitas pabrik pengolahan 1.250 kg gambir/jam di tingkat eksportir, harga jual gambir masyarakat Rp45.000/kg dan harga gambir katekin (produksi eksportir) Rp189.000/kg diperoleh perbandingan porsi nilai tambah petani (21%): pedagang pengumpul (27%): eksportir lokal (52%), hal ini menunjukan petani medapatkan porsi nilai tambah terendah dibandingkan pedagang pengumpul dan eskportir lokal. Tingkat risiko yang dihadapi petani memperoleh nilai tertinggi (0,477), eksportir lokal (0,281), pedagang pengumpul (0,183) dan konsumen (0,058). Hasil penyeimbangan prosi nilai tambah dan tingkat risiko masing-masing pelaku rantai pasok gambir yaitu petani mengalami peningkatan porsi nilai tambah Rp/kg produk yaitu dari Rp39.242 menjadi Rp88.722, pedagang pengumpul mengalami penurunan yaitu dari Rp49.514 menjadi Rp34.038 selanjutnya ekportir lokal mengalami penurunan dari Rp97.244 menjadi Rp52.266. Keseimbangan nilai tambah ini dapat dijadikan kebijakan untuk menetapkan harga yang stabil untuk komoditas gambir dengan tujuan mempertahankan keberlangsungan bisnis gambir di Sumatera Barat. Kata kunci: gambir, keseimbangan nilai tambah, nilai tambah, rantai pasok, risiko Abstract Gambier is a superior commodity in West Sumatra. Marketing process in gambier products have a very long marketing chain until it is accepted by the end consumer. The value-added distribution of each marketing chain does not get a balanced portion. This research was conducted to determine the balance of added value obtained by each supply chain actor using the Modified Hayami method to calculate added value and analytical network process to analyze the level of risk in gambier supply chain actors. On an industrial scale with a processing plant capacity of 1250 kg gambier/hour at the exporter level, the selling price of community gambier is IDR 45,000 / kg and the price of catechin gambier (exporter production) IDR 189,000 / kg is obtained by comparison of the value-added portion of farmers (21%): traders collectors (27%): local exporters (52%), this shows that farmers get the lowest portion of added value compared to local collectors and exporters. The level of risk faced by farmers is the highest (0.477), local exporters (0.281), collector traders (0.183) and consumers (0.058). The proceeds of equal value-added risk and the level of risk of each gambier supply chain actor, namely farmers experience an increase in the value-added portion of IDR/kg of product, from IDR 39,242 to IDR 88,722, collector traders decrease, from IDR 49,514 to IDR 34,038. Local exporters decreased from IDR 97,244 to IDR 52,266. This balance of added value can be used as a policy to set a stable price for gambier commodities with the aim of maintaining the sustainability of gambier business in West Sumatra. Keywords: balance value-added, gambier, risk, supply chain, value-added

Informasi umur simpan merupakan salah satu informasi yang wajib dicantumkan oleh produsen pada kemasan produk pangan, Kewajiban produsen untuk mencantumkan informasi umur simpan ini telah diatur oleh pemerintah dalam UU Pangan tahun 1996 serta PP Nomor 69 tahun 1999 tentang Label dan kadaluarsa (umur simpan) pada setiap kemasan produk pangan. Hal ini terkait dengan keamanan produk pangan tersebut dan untuk menghindari pengkonsumsian pada saat kondisi produk sudah tidak layak dikonsumsi. Untuk itu perlu ditelaah mengenai regulasi titik kritis, umur simpan dan kemasan, dalam upaya memperpanjang umur simpan produk pangan khususnya produk instan fungsional. Pengolahan untuk memperpanjang umur simpan produk pangan perlu mengantisipasi faktor-faktor yang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan mutu. Penentuan umur simpan juga perlu mempertimbangkan faktor teknis dan ekonomis berkaitan dengan upaya distribusi produk yang di dalamnya mencakup keputusan manajemen yang bertanggung jawab.

This paper presents a review of the research and application of life cycle assessment (LCA) in Indonesia over the last 20 years and analyzes challenges and opportunities for future development. The study assessed 107 peer-reviewed scientific publications on LCA about Indonesia or written by authors affiliated with institutions in Indonesia. Relevant programs and recommendations to advance LCA adoption were elaborated. The first paper on the subject of LCA appeared as early as in 1996, while the number of publication significantly increased since 2010. The majority of these articles came from universities, research institutions, and international organizations. Drivers were mainly related to product competitiveness aiming to fulfill sustainability requirements of the global commodities market. Government policies also played an essential role in many aspects, including a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, sustainable consumption and production, green public procurement, eco-labeling, and green industry. Simultaneously, life cycle thinking has been embraced by governments and industries, especially with an immediate increase in the number of organizations implementing the recent version of ISO 14001. Increased participation in voluntary sustainability reporting also provides evidence of the prevalence of the sustainability concept. We believe that this development can serve as an essential step toward the spread of LCA studies in the future. Furthermore, the recent adoption of ISO 14040/44 as national standards in 2016/2017 also marked the commitment of Indonesian governments in LCA and is expected to stimulate the adoption of LCA-based environmental labels, such as carbon footprint, environmental product declaration, and product environmental footprint. The research and application of LCA in Indonesia are still in its infancy, as partly proved by a relatively small number of publications as compared to some other Southeast Asian countries. However, there was a notable increase in publication over the last 5 years, indicating a growing interest in LCA, mainly from academics and to less extent from private sectors. Although LCA has not been explicitly formulated in the national strategies and legislation, Indonesian governments do require life cycle thinking to inform policy-making. Nevertheless, the lack of incentives for green products, LCA programs, LCA expertise, and localized inventory data hampers its implementation. In the future, improvement should focus on LCA capacity building, the establishment of a forum to communicate LCA studies and resources, development of national life cycle inventory databases, and provision of market incentives for green products.

Industri tahu di kota Padang mengalami keterbatasan dalam mengembangkan usahanya. Hal ini dikarenakan pelaku usaha tidak memahami faktor internal yaitu kekuatan dan kelemahan serta faktor eksternal yaitu peluang dan ancaman dari usaha tersebut. Tujuan penelitian adalah (1) Menganalisis faktor internal dan eksternal yang berpengaruh terhadap industri tahu, (2) Mendapatkan beberapa poin strategi pada industri tahu, serta (3) Menganalisis prioritas strategi mana yang paling efektif diterapkan dalam mengembangkan industri tahu dikota Padang. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan matriks Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), External Factor Evaluation (EFE), Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) dan Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Hasil analisa yang telah dilakukan didapatkan nilai IFE 3.55 dan EFE 3.46. Adapun dari analisi SWOT didapatkan 9 alternatif strategi. Berdasarkan analisa matriks QSPM prioritas strategi yang paling cocok untuk diterapkan adalah dari aspek pemasaran yaitu memperluas wilayah penjualan ke luar daerah dan pasar-pasar modern seperti supermarket, rumah makan, catering-catering, rumah sakit, panti asuhan, dan lain lain.

The purpose of this research is to get information on the value of defectives, water content, taste, and the overall acceptance of Arabica coffee derived from 20 coffee producers in West Sumatera. Taste testing involves trained q grader. The Data of research results analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the quality defectives of coffee is at a quality level from 3 to 5 and 70% quality of coffee in accordance with SNI (Indonesian National Standards) 01-2907-2008. The type of defective in coffee beans is the rupture seeds, brown seeds, black seeds then followed by perforated seeds. Taste of coffee Brew are Excellent Aroma and complex coffee flavor, good acidity and thickness of seeds. Vanilla flavor and taste of fruits and spices. The color of the Arabica coffee powder varies from brown, black and color like cinnamon, As well as overall acceptance kinda like. This indicates the need to implement standard operational procedures to improve the quality of coffee in West Sumatera Framework

Indragiri Hilir merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Riau yang menghasilkan cukup banyak kelapa. Kelapa tersebut berpotensi untuk dilakukan pengolahan lebih lanjut untuk menghasilkan berbagai macam produk olahan. Pada tulisan ini akan membahas kajian pengembangan agroindustri kelapa, yang meliputi pemilihan alternatif produk olahan komoditas kelapa.Penentuan kriteria dan alternatif produk olahan kelapa pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan studi pustaka dan diskusi dengan pakar. Wawancara dengan menggunakan kuisioner dilakukan terhadap pakar untuk mengetahui preferensi pakar terhadap alternatif berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditentukan. Wawancara dilakukan terhadap tiga orang pakar, yang meliputi akademisi, tenaga penyuluh, dan pendamping kelompok tani.Metode pengolahan data pada penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan teknik fuzzy group decision making, pengambilan keputusan kelompok secara fuzzy dengan preferensi independen menggunakan multi expert multi criteria decision making (ME-MCDM).Dari hasil analisis dengan menggunakan teknik fuzzy non numeric decision making diperoleh produk yang prospektif untuk dikembangkan adalah minyak kelapa.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan industri kecil gula kelapa secara finansial. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Kempas Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Provinsi Riau, Indonesia. Dari 4 pengrajin gula kelapa yang terdapat di lokasi penelitian, digunakan dua pengrajin sebagai sampel. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu untuk mengetahui proses produksi gula kelapa, dan untuk mengetahui kelayakan finansial industri kecil gula kelapa dengan menggunakan metode NPV, Net B/C Ratio, dan IRR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses produksi gula kelapa meliputi penyadapan nira, penyaringan, pemasakan, pencetakan, dan pengemasan. Industri kecil gula kelapa ini layak dikembangkan berdasarkan analisis finansial. Nilai NPV sebesar 125.133,98 dengan diskon faktor 10 %, Net B/C Ratio sebesar 4,53 dan nilai IRR sebesar 42 %.

The purpose of this study were to determine the effect of temperature and roasting duration on physical characteristics and quality of arabica coffee sensory,: find out the best temperature and roasting duration treatmen to physical characteristics and quality of arabica coffee sensory. This study used a factorial complete randomized design with two factors (200°C, 220°C and 240°C) and duration of roasting (12, 15, and 18 minutes). The variables observed in this study were rendemen (sucrose content of sugar cane crop or sample), water content, color value, acidity and sensory test of arabica coffee. The results showed that temperature and duration of roasting had effect on rendemen, water content, color value, acidity, flavor, taste and color of arabica coffee. The temperature of 220 ° C with 12 minutes of roasting is produceed the best physical characteristics and sensory quality of Singgalang arabica coffee, with 88.1% of rendemen, 1.23% of water content (bb), different color L (Lightness) 6,07, acidity 5.81, scent score 3.5), taste score value of 3.2, color score 3.6.

Corncobs are one of the agricultural wastes that have nutritional and functional content. The advantages of processing corn cobs into powder include durability, a smaller volume, and lighter weight, making it easier to pack and transport. One of the important steps in making corn cobs powder is drying to determine the durability and quality of the corn cobs powder. This study aimed to determine different drying durations of corncobs powders and their effect on physical, nutritional, and phytochemical properties as an alternative to functional food and foodstuffs. The experimental design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of one factor with four treatments: 4;5;6;7; and 8 hours and four replications. The results showed that different drying times had significant (p

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilaksanakan oleh Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Andalas Padang ini bekerja sama dengan mitrayaitu Pondok Pesantren Dr M Natsir di Batu Bagiriak Alahan Panjang, Kabupaten Solok, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Lokasi kegiatan pengabdian merupakan pondok pesantren yang mana di lingkungan sekitar kaya akan hasil pertanian dan perkebunan. Salah satu komoditi yang banyak dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat sekitaran pondok pesantren adalah kentang. Tanaman kentang ditanam masyarakat di pinggiran kebun atau di pekarangan rumah, tanaman ini tumbuh subur dan berproduksi cukup tinggi di daerah ini. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra adalah 1) Umumnya kentang hanya dijual dalam bentuk mentah, pengolahan yang umum dilakukan masyarakat setempat hanya sekedar direbus atau digoreng saja dengan campuran dengan cabe merah, 2) Kurangnya pengetahuan anggota kelompok dalam aspek pengolahan berbagai macam produk olahan. Kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan oleh tim pengabdian masyarakat untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan mitra adalah 1) Mengevaluasi kegiatan budidaya pertanian dan perkebunan yang ada dilokasi mitra, 2) Kegiatan penyuluhan pengolahan produk olahan dari kentanguntuk meningkatkan nilai jual produk dan ekonomi petani 3) Diversifikasi produk olahan dari kentang untuk meningkatkan umur simpan produk dengan pembuatan berbagai macam produk yaitu donat frozen, stik frozen, es krim, kulit kebab, dan minuman fungsional. Kegiatan ini berlangsung dengan baik dan lancar serta tingginya antusias peserta dalam mengikuti kegiatan ini terutama pada kegiatan pengolahan produk. Kegiatan ini diharapkan meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas produksi usaha mitra,dan peningkatan pendapatan mitra. Kata Kunci: Batu Bagiriak Alahan Panjang, Pertanian, Kentang, Diversifikasi, Wirausaha