46 results on '"Nowlan, C"'
Search Results
2. Application of OMI, SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 Satellite SO2 Retrievals for Detection of Large Emission Sources
- Author
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Fioletov, V.E, McLinden, C. A, Krotkov, N, Yang, K, Loyola, D. G, Valks, P, Theys, N, Van Roozendael, M, Nowlan, C. R, Chance, K, Liu, X, Lee, C, and Martin, R. V
- Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing - Abstract
Retrievals of sulfur dioxide (SO2) from space-based spectrometers are in a relatively early stage of development. Factors such as interference between ozone and SO2 in the retrieval algorithms often lead to errors in the retrieved values. Measurements from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY), and Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) satellite sensors, averaged over a period of several years, were used to identify locations with elevated SO2 values and estimate their emission levels. About 30 such locations, detectable by all three sensors and linked to volcanic and anthropogenic sources, were found after applying low and high spatial frequency filtration designed to reduce noise and bias and to enhance weak signals to SO2 data from each instrument. Quantitatively, the mean amount of SO2 in the vicinity of the sources, estimated from the three instruments, is in general agreement. However, its better spatial resolution makes it possible for OMI to detect smaller sources and with additional detail as compared to the other two instruments. Over some regions of China, SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 data show mean SO2 values that are almost 1.5 times higher than those from OMI, but the suggested spatial filtration technique largely reconciles these differences.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Impact of NO2 Profile Shape in OMI Tropospheric NO2 Retrievals
- Author
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Lamsal, Lok, Krotkov, Nickolay A, Pickering, K, Schwartz, W. H, Celarier, E. A, Bucsela, E. J, Gleason, J. F, Philip, S, Nowlan, C, Martin, R. V, Irie, H, Knepp, T. R, He, H, and Brent, L
- Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing ,Meteorology And Climatology - Abstract
Nitrogen oxides (NOx NO + NO2) are key actors in air quality and climate change. Tropospheric NO2 columns from the nadir-viewing satellite sensors have been widely used to understand sources and chemistry of NOx. We have implemented several improvements to the operational algorithm developed at NASA GSFC and retrieved tropospheric NO2 columns. We present tropospheric NO2 validation studies of the new OMI Standard Product version 2.1 using ground-based and in-situ aircraft measurements. We show how vertical profile of scattering weight and a-priori NO2 profile shapes, which are taken from chemistry-transport models, affect air mass factor (AMF) and therefore tropospheric NO2 retrievals. Users can take advantage of scattering weights information that is made available in the operational NO2 product. Improved tropospheric NO2 data retrieved using thoroughly evaluated high spatial resolution NO2 profiles are helpful to test models.
- Published
- 2013
4. Observation of the 4f → 3dσ transition of the ArH molecule
- Author
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Watson, J KG, Nowlan, C R, and Tokaryk, D W
- Published
- 2001
5. TEMPO Green Paper: Chemistry, physics, and meteorology experiments with the Tropospheric Emissions: monitoring of pollution instrument
- Author
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Chance, Kelly, primary, Liu, X., additional, Miller, C. Chan, additional, González Abad, G., additional, Huang, G., additional, Nowlan, C., additional, Souri, A., additional, Suleiman, R., additional, Sun, K., additional, Wang, H., additional, Zhu, L., additional, Zoogman, P., additional, Al-Saadi, J., additional, Antuña-Marrero, J. -C., additional, Carr, J., additional, Chatfield, R., additional, Chin, M., additional, Cohen, R., additional, Edwards, D., additional, Fishman, J., additional, Flittner, D., additional, Geddes, J., additional, Grutter, M., additional, Herman, J. R., additional, Jacob, D. J., additional, Janz, S., additional, Joiner, J., additional, Kim, J., additional, Krotkov, N. A., additional, Lefer, B., additional, Martin, R. V., additional, Mayol-Bracero, O. L., additional, Naeger, A., additional, Newchurch, M., additional, Pfister, G. G., additional, Pickering, K., additional, Pierce, R. B., additional, Rivera Cárdenas, C., additional, Saiz-Lopez, A., additional, Simpson, W., additional, Spinei, E., additional, Spurr, R. J. D., additional, Szykman, J. J., additional, Torres, O., additional, and Wang, J., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. TEMPO Green Paper: Chemistry, physics, and meteorology experiments with the Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution instrument.
- Author
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Chance, K., Liu, X., Miller, C. Chan, Abad, G. González, Huang, G., Nowlan, C., Souri, A., Suleiman, R., Sun, K., Wang, H., Zhu, L., Zoogman, P., Al-Saadi, J., Antuña-Marrero, J.-C., Carr, J., Chatfield, R., Chin, M., Cohen, R., Edwards, D., and Fishman, J.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Circulating microRNAs in Sera Correlate with Soluble Biomarkers of Immune Activation but Do Not Predict Mortality in ART Treated Individuals with HIV-1 Infection: A Case Control Study
- Author
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Murray, D. D., Suzuki, K., Law, M., Trebicka, J., Neuhaus, J., Wentworth, D., Johnson, M., Vjecha, M. J., Kelleher, A. D., Emery, S., Aagaard, B., Aragon, E., Arnaiz, J., Borup, L., Clotet, B., Dragsted, U., Fau, A., Gey, D., Grarup, J., Hengge, U., Herrero, P., Jansson, P., Jensen, B., Jensen, K., Juncher, H., Lopez, P., Lundgren, J. D., Matthews, C., Mollerup, D., Pearson, M., Phillips, A., Reilev, S., Tillmann, K., Varea, S., Angus, B., Babiker, A., Cordwell, B., Darbyshire, J., Dodds, W., Fleck, S., Horton, J., Hudson, F., Moraes, Y., Pacciarini, F., Palfreeman, A., Paton, N., Smith, N., Van Hooff, F., Bebchuk, J., Collins, G., Denning, E., Duchene, A., Fosdick, L., Harrison, M., Herman-Lamin, K., Krum, E., Larson, G., Neaton, J., Nelson, R., Quan, K., Quan, S., Schultz, T., Thompson, G., Wyman, N., Carey, C., Chan, F., Cooper, D., Courtney-Rodgers, D., Drummond, F., Harrod, M., Jacoby, S., Kearney, L., Lin, E., Pett, S., Robson, R., Seneviratne, N., Stewart, M., Watts, E., Finley, E., Gordin, F., Sanchez, A., Standridge, B., Belloso, W., Davey, R., Duprez, D., Gatell, J., Hoy, J., Lifson, A., Pederson, C., Perez, G., Price, R., Prineas, R., Rhame, F., Sampson, J., Worley, J., Modlin, J., Beral, V., Chaisson, R., Fleming, T., Hill, C., Kim, K., Murray, B., Pick, B., Seligmann, M., Weller, I., Cahill, K., Fox, L., Luzar, M., Martinez, A., Mcnay, L., Pierson, J., Tierney, J., Vogel, S., Costas, V., Eckstrand, J., Brown, S., Abusamra, L., Angel, E., Aquilia, S., Benetucci, J., Bittar, V., Bogdanowicz, E., Cahn, P., Casiro, A., Contarelli, J., Corral, J., Daciuk, L., David, D., Dobrzanski, W., Duran, A., Ebenrstejin, J., Ferrari, I., Fridman, D., Galache, V., Guaragna, G., Ivalo, S., Krolewiecki, A., Lanusse, I., Laplume, H., Lasala, M., Lattes, R., Lazovski, J., Lopardo, G., Losso, M., Lourtau, L., Lupo, S., Maranzana, A., Marson, C., Massera, L., Moscatello, G., Olivia, S., Otegui, I., Palacios, L., Parlante, A., Salomon, H., Sanchez, M., Somenzini, C., Suarez, C., Tocci, M., Toibaro, J., Zala, C., Agrawal, S., Ambrose, P., Anderson, C., Anderson, J., Baker, D., Beileiter, K., Blavius, K., Bloch, M., Boyle, M., Bradford, D., Britton, P., Brown, P., Busic, T., Cain, A., Carrall, L., Carson, S., Chenoweth, I., Chuah, J., Clark, F., Clemons, J., Clezy, K., Cortissos, P., Cunningham, N., Curry, M., Daly, L., D'Arcy-Evans, C., Del Rosario, R., Dinning, S., Dobson, P., Donohue, W., Doong, N., Downs, C., Edwards, E., Edwards, S., Egan, C., Ferguson, W., Finlayson, R., Forsdyke, C., Foy, L., Franic, T., Frater, A., French, M., Gleeson, D., Gold, J., Habel, P., Haig, K., Hardy, S., Holland, R., Hudson, J., Hutchison, R., Hyland, N., James, R., Johnston, C., Kelly, M., King, M., Kunkel, K., Lau, H., Leamy, J., Lester, D., Leung, J., Lohmeyer, A., Lowe, K., Macrae, K., Magness, C., Martinez, O., Maruszak, H., Medland, N., Miller, S., Murray, J., Negus, P., Newman, R., Ngieng, M., Nowlan, C., Oddy, J., Orford, N., Orth, D., Patching, J., Plummer, M., Price, S., Primrose, R., Prone, I., Ree, H., Remington, C., Richardson, R., Robinson, S., Rogers, G., Roney, J., Roth, N., Russell, D., Ryan, S., Sarangapany, J., Schmidt, T., Schneider, K., Shields, C., Silberberg, C., Shaw, D., Skett, J., Smith, D., Soo, T. M., Sowden, D., Street, A., Tee, B. K., Thomson, J., Topaz, S., Vale, R., Villella, C., Walker, A., Watson, A., Wendt, N., Williams, L., Youds, D., Aichelburg, A., Cichon, P., Gemeinhart, B., Rieger, A., Schmied, B., Touzeau-Romer, V., Vetter, N., Colebunders, R., Clumeck, N., Deroo, A., Kabeya, K., O'Doherty, E., De Wit, S., De Salles Amorim, C., Basso, C., Flint, S., Kallas, E., Levi, G., Lewi, D., Pereira, L., Da Silva, M., Souza, T., Toscano, A., Angel, J., Arsenault, M., Bast, M., Beckthold, B., Bouchard, P., Chabot, I., Clarke, R., Cohen, J., Cote, P., Ellis, M., Gagne, C., Gill, J., Houde, M., Johnston, B., Jubinville, N., Kato, C., Lamoureux, N., Latendre-Paquette, J., Lindemulder, A., Mcneil, A., Mcfarland, N., Montaner, J., Morrisseau, C., O'Neill, R., Page, G., Piche, A., Pongracz, B., Preziosi, H., Puri, L., Rachlis, A., Ralph, E., Raymond, I., Rouleau, D., Routy, J. P., Sandre, R., Seddon, T., Shafran, S., Sikora, C., Smaill, F., Stromberg, D., Trottier, S., Walmsley, S., Weiss, K., Williams, K., Zarowny, D., Baadegaard, B., Andersen, A. B., Boedker, K., Collins, P., Gerstoft, J., Jensen, L., Moller, H., Andersen, P. L., Loftheim, I., Mathiesen, L., Nielsen, H., Obel, N., Pedersen, C., Petersen, D., Jensen, L. P., Black, F. T., Aboulker, J. P., Aouba, A., Bensalem, M., Berthe, H., Blanc, C., Bornarel, D., Bouchaud, O., Boue, F., Bouvet, E., Brancon, C., Breaud, S., Brosseau, D., Brunet, A., Capitant, C., Ceppi, C., Chakvetadze, C., Cheneau, C., Chennebault, J. M., De Truchis, P., Delavalle, A. M., Delfraissy, J. F., Dellamonica, P., Dumont, C., Edeb, N., Fabre, G., Ferrando, S., Foltzer, A., Foubert, V., Gastaut, J. A., Gerbe, J., Girard, P. M., Goujard, C., Hoen, B., Honore, P., Hue, H., Hynh, T., Jung, C., Kahi, S., Katlama, C., Lang, J. M., Le Baut, V., Lefebvre, B., Leturque, N., Levy, Y., Loison, J., Maddi, G., Maignan, A., Majerholc, C., De Boever, C., Meynard, J. L., Michelet, C., Michon, C., Mole, M., Netzer, E., Pialoux, G., Poizot-Martin, I., Raffi, F., Ratajczak, M., Ravaux, I., Reynes, J., Salmon-Ceron, D., Sebire, M., Simon, A., Tegna, L., Tisne-Dessus, D., Tramoni, C., Viard, J. P., Vidal, M., Viet-Peaucelle, C., Weiss, L., Zeng, A., Zucman, D., Adam, A., Arasteh, K., Behrens, G., Bergmann, F., Bickel, M., Bittner, D., Bogner, J., Brockmeyer, N., Darrelmann, N., Deja, M., Doerler, M., Esser, S., Faetkenheuer, G., Fenske, S., Gajetzki, S., Goebel, F., Gorriahn, D., Harrer, E., Harrer, T., Hartl, H., Hartmann, M., Heesch, S., Jakob, W., Jager, H., Klinker, H., Kremer, G., Ludwig, C., Mantzsch, K., Mauss, S., Meurer, A., Niedermeier, A., Pittack, N., Plettenberg, A., Potthoff, A., Probst, M., Rittweger, M., Rockstroh, J., Ross, B., Rotty, J., Rund, E., Ruzicka, T., Schmidt, R., Schmutz, G., Schnaitmann, E., Schuster, D., Sehr, T., Spaeth, B., Staszewski, S., Stellbrink, H. J., Stephan, C., Stockey, T., Stoehr, A., Trein, A., Vaeth, T., Vogel, M., Wasmuth, J., Wengenroth, C., Winzer, R., Wolf, E., Mulcahy, F., Reidy, D., Cohen, Y., Drora, G., Eliezer, I., Godo, O., Kedem, E., Magen, E., Mamorsky, M., Pollack, S., Sthoeger, Z., Vered, H., Yust, I., Aiuti, F., Bechi, M., Bergamasco, A., Bertelli, D., Bruno, R., Butini, L., Cagliuso, M., Carosi, G., Casari, S., Chrysoula, V., Cologni, G., Conti, V., Costantini, A., Corpolongo, A., D'Offizi, G., Gaiottino, F., Di Pietro, M., Esposito, R., Filice, G., Francesco, M., Gianelli, E., Graziella, C., Magenta, L., Martellotta, F., Maserati, R., Mazzotta, F., Murdaca, G., Nardini, G., Nozza, S., Puppo, F., Pogliaghi, M., Ripamonti, D., Ronchetti, C., Rusconi, S., Rusconi, V., Sacchi, P., Silvia, N., Suter, F., Tambussi, G., Uglietti, A., Vechi, M., Vergani, B., Vichi, F., Vitiello, P., Iwamoto, A., Kikuchi, Y., Miyazaki, N., Mori, M., Nakamura, T., Odawara, T., Oka, S., Shirasaka, T., Tabata, M., Takano, M., Ueta, C., Watanabe, D., Yamamoto, Y., Erradey, I., Himmich, H., El Filali, K. M., Blok, W., Van Boxtel, R., Doevelaar, K. B. H., Van Eeden, A., Grijsen, M., Groot, M., Juttmann, J., Kuipers, M., Ligthart, S., Van Der Meulen, P., Lange, J., Langebeek, N., Reiss, P., Richter, C., Schoemaker, M., Schrijnders-Gudde, L., Septer-Bijleveld, E., Sprenger, H., Vermeulen, J., Ten Kate, R., Van De Ven, B., Bruun, J., Kvale, D., Maeland, A., Bakowska, E., Beniowski, M., Boron-Kaczmarska, A., Gasiorowski, J., Horban, A., Inglot, M., Knysz, B., Mularska, E., Parczewski, M., Pynka, M., Rymer, W., Szymczak, A., Aldir, M., Antunes, F., Baptista, C., Da Conceicao Vera, J., Doroana, M., Mansinho, K., Dos Santos, C. R. A., Valadas, E., Vaz Pinto, I., Chia, E., Foo, E., Karim, F., Lim, P. L., Panchalingam, A., Quek, A., Alcazar-Caballero, R., Arribas, J., Arrizabalaga, J., De Barron, X., Blanco, F., Bouza, E., Bravo, I., Calvo, S., Carbonero, L., Carpena, I., Castro, M., Cortes, L., Del Toro, M., Domingo, P., Elias, M., Espinosa, J., Estrada, V., Fernandez-Cruz, E., Fernandez, P., Freud, H., Fuster, M., Garcia, A., Garcia, G., Garrido, R., Gijon, P., Gonzalez-Garcia, J., Gil, I., Gonzalez, A., Gonzalez-Lahoz, J., Grosso, P. L., Gutierrez, M., Guzman, E., Iribarren, J., Jimenez, M., Jou, A., Juega, J., Lopez, J., Lozano, F., Martin-Carbonero, L., Mata, R., Mateo, G., Menasalvas, A., Mirelles, C., De Miguel Prieto, J., Montes, M., Moreno, A., Moreno, J., Moreno, V., Munoz, R., Ocampo, A., Ortega, E., Ortiz, L., Padilla, B., Parras, A., Paster, A., Pedreira, J., Pena, J., Perea, R., Portas, B., Puig, J., Pulido, F., Rebollar, M., De Rivera, J., Roca, V., Rodriguez-Arrondo, F., Rubio, R., Santos, J., Sanz, J., Sebastian, G., Segovia, M., Soriano, V., Tamargo, L., Viciana, P., Von Wichmann, M., Bratt, G., Hollander, A., Olov Pehrson, P., Petz, I., Sandstrom, E., Sonnerborg, A., Bernasconi, E., Gurtner, V., Ampunpong, U., Auchieng, C., Bowonwatanuwong, C., Chanchai, P., Chetchotisakd, P., Chuenyan, T., Duncombe, C., Horsakulthai, M., Kantipong, P., Laohajinda, K., Phanuphak, P., Pongsurachet, V., Pradapmook, S., Ruxruntham, K., Seekaew, S., Sonjai, A., Suwanagool, S., Techasathit, W., Ubolyam, S., Wankoon, J., Alexander, I., Dockrell, D., Easterbrook, P., Edwards, B., Evans, E., Fisher, M., Fox, R., Gazzard, B., Gilleran, G., Hand, J., Heald, L., Higgs, C., Jebakumar, S., Jendrulek, I., Johnson, S., Kinghorn, G., Kuldanek, K., Leen, C., Maw, R., Mckernan, S., Mclean, L., Morris, S., Murphy, M., O'Farrell, S., Ong, E., Peters, B., Stroud, C., Wansbrough-Jones, M., Weber, J., White, D., Williams, I., Wiselka, M., Yee, T., Adams, S., Allegra, D., Andrews, L., Aneja, B., Anstead, G., Arduino, R., Artz, R., Bailowitz, J., Banks, S., Baxter, J., Baum, J., Benator, D., Black, D., Boh, D., Bonam, T., Brito, M., Brockelman, J., Bruzzese, V., Burnside, A., Cafaro, V., Casey, K., Cason, L., Childress, G., Clark, C., Clifford, D., Climo, M., Cohn, D., Couey, P., Cuervo, H., Deeks, S., Dennis, M., Diaz-Linares, M., Dickerson, D., Diez, M., Di Puppo, J., Dodson, P., Dupre, D., Elion, R., Elliott, K., El-Sadr, W., Estes, M., Fabre, J., Farrough, M., Flamm, J., Follansbee, S., Foster, C., Frank, C., Franz, J., Frechette, G., Freidland, G., Frische, J., Fuentes, L., Funk, C., Geisler, C., Genther, K., Giles, M., Goetz, M., Gonzalez, M., Graeber, C., Graziano, F., Grice, D., Hahn, B., Hamilton, C., Hassler, S., Henson, A., Hopper, S., John, M., Johnson, L., Johnson, R., Jones, R., Kahn, J., Klimas, N., Kolber, M., Koletar, S., Labriola, A., Larsen, R., Lasseter, F., Lederman, M., Ling, T., Lusch, T., Macarthur, R., Machado, C., Makohon, L., Mandelke, J., Mannheimer, S., Markowitz, N., Martinez, M., Martinez, N., Mass, M., Masur, H., Mcgregor, D., Mcintyre, D., Mckee, J., Mcmullen, D., Mettinger, M., Middleton, S., Mieras, J., Mildvan, D., Miller, P., Miller, T., Mitchell, V., Mitsuyasu, R., Moanna, A., Mogridge, C., Moran, F., Murphy, R., Mushatt, D., Nahass, R., Nixon, D., O'Brien, S., Ojeda, J., Okhuysen, P., Olson, M., Osterberger, J., Owen, W., Pablovich, S., Patel, S., Pierone, G., Poblete, R., Potter, A., Preston, E., Rappoport, C., Regevik, N., Reyelt, M., Riney, L., Rodriguez-Barradas, M., Rodriguez, J., Roland, R., Rosmarin-DeStefano, C., Rossen, W., Rouff, J., Saag, M., Santiago, S., Sarria, J., Wirtz, S., Schmidt, U., Scott, C., Sheridan, A., Shin, A., Shrader, S., Simon, G., Slowinski, D., Smith, K., Spotkov, J., Sprague, C., States, D., Suh, C., Sullivan, J., Summers, K., Sweeton, B., Tan, V., Tanner, T., Tedaldi, E., Temesgen, Z., Thomas, D., Thompson, M., Tobin, C., Toro, N., Towner, W., Upton, K., Uy, J., Valenti, S., Van Der Horst, C., Vita, J., Voell, J., Walker, J., Walton, T., Wason, K., Watson, V., Wellons, A., Weise, J., White, M., Whitman, T., Williams, B., Williams, N., Windham, J., Witt, M., Workowski, K., Wortmann, G., Wright, T., Zelasky, C., Zwickl, B., Dietz, D., Chesson, C., Vjecha, M., Schmetter, B., Grue, L., Willoughby, M., Demers, A., Dragsted, U. B., Jensen, K. B., Jansson, P. O., Jensen, B. G., Benfield, T. L., Darbyshire, J. H., Babiker, G., Fleck, S. L., Collaco-Moraes, Y., Wyzydrag, L., Drummond, F. M., Connor, S. A., Satchell, C. S., Gunn, S., Delfino, M. A., Merlin, K., Mcginley, C., Neaton, J. D., Bartsch, G., George, M., Grund, B., Hogan, C., Miller, C., Roediger, M. P., Thackeray, L., Campbell, C., Lahart, C., Perlman, D., Rein, M., Dersimonian, R., Brody, B. A., Daar, E. S., Dubler, N. N., Fleming, T. R., Freeman, D. J., Kahn, J. P., Kim, K. M., Medoff, G., Modlin, J. F., Moellering, R., Murray, B. E., Robb, M. L., Scharfstein, D. O., Sugarman, J., Tsiatis, A., Tuazon, C., Zoloth, L., Klingman, K., Lehrman, S., Belloso, W. H., Losso, M. H., Benetucci, J. A., Bogdanowicz, E. P., Cahn, P. E., Casiro, A. D., Cassetti, I., Contarelli, J. M., Corral, J. A., Crinejo, A., David, D. O., Ishida, M. T., Laplume, H. E., Lasala, M. B., Lupo, S. H., Masciottra, F., Michaan, M., Ruggieri, L., Salazar, E., Hoy, J. F., Rogers, G. D., Allworth, A. M., Anderson, J. S. C., Armishaw, J., Barnes, K., Carr, A., Chiam, A., Chuah, J. C. P., Curry, M. C., Dever, R. L., Donohue, W. A., Doong, N. C., Dwyer, D. E., Dyer, J., Eu, B., Ferguson, V. W., French, M. A. H., Garsia, R. J., Hudson, J. H., Jeganathan, S., Konecny, P., Mccormack, C. L., Mcmurchie, M., Moore, R. J., Moussa, M. B., Piper, M., Read, T., Roney, J. J., Shaw, D. R., Silvers, J., Smith, D. J., Street, A. C., Vale, R. J., Wendt, N. A., Wood, H., Youds, D. W., Zillman, J., Tozeau, V., Dewit, S., De Roo, A., Leonard, P., Lynen, L., Moutschen, M., Pereira, L. C., Souza, T. N. L., Schechter, M., Zajdenverg, R., Almeida, M. M. T. B., Araujo, F., Bahia, F., Brites, C., Caseiro, M. M., Casseb, J., Etzel, A., Falco, G. G., Filho, E. C. J., Flint, S. R., Gonzales, R., Madruga, J. V. R., Passos, L. N., Reuter, T., Sidi, L. C., Toscano, A. L. C., Cherban, E., Conway, B., Dufour, C., Foster, A., Haase, D., Haldane, H., Klein, M., Lessard, B., Martel, A., Martel, C., Paradis, E., Schlech, W., Schmidt, S., Thompson, B., Vezina, S., Reyes, M. J. W., Northland, R., Ostergaard, L., Hergens, L., Loftheim, I. R., Raukas, M., Zilmer, K., Justinen, J., Ristola, M., Landman, R., Abel, S., Abgrall, S., Amat, K., Auperin, L., Barruet, R., Benalycherif, A., Benammar, N., Bentata, M., Besnier, J. M., Blanc, M., Cabie, A., Chavannet, P., Dargere, S., De La Tribonniere, X., Debord, T., Decaux, N., Delgado, J., Dupon, M., Durant, J., Frixon-Marin, V., Genet, C., Gerard, L., Gilquin, J., Jeantils, V., Kouadio, H., Leclercq, P., Lelievre, J. D., Michon, C. P., Nau, P., Pacanowski, J., Piketty, C., Salmon, D., Schmit, J. L., Serini, M. A., Tassi, S., Touam, F., Verdon, R., Weinbreck, P., Yazdanpanah, Y., Yeni, P., Fatkenheuer, G., Bitsch, S., Bogner, J. R., Goebel, F. D., Lehmann, C., Lennemann, T., Wasmuth, J. C., Wiedemeyer, K., Hatzakis, A., Touloumi, G., Antoniadou, A., Daikos, G. L., Dimitrakaki, A., Gargalianos-Kakolyris, P., Giannaris, M., Karafoulidou, A., Katsambas, A., Katsarou, O., Kontos, A. N., Kordossis, T., Lazanas, M. K., Panagopoulos, P., Panos, G., Paparizos, V., Papastamopoulos, V., Petrikkos, G., Sambatakou, H., Skoutelis, A., Tsogas, N., Xylomenos, G., Bergin, C. J., Mooka, B., Mamorksy, M. G., Agmon-Levin, N., Karplus, R., Maayan, S., Shahar, E., Turner, D., Abeli, C., Biglino, A., Bonora, S., De Gioanni, M., Di Perri, G., Montroni, M., Quirino, T., Raise, E., Honda, M., Ishisaka, M., Caplinskas, S., Uzdaviniene, V., Schmit, J. C., Staub, T., Mills, G. D., Blackmore, T., Masters, J. A., Morgan, J., Pithie, A., Brunn, J., Ormassen, V., La Rosa, A., Guerra, O., Espichan, M., Gutierrez, L., Mendo, F., Salazar, R., Knytz, B., Kwiatkowski, J., Castro, R. S., Horta, A., Miranda, A. C., Pinto, I. V., Vera, J., Rakhmanova, A., Vinogradova, E., Yakovlev, A., Zakharova, N., Wood, R., Orrel, C., Arnaiz, J. A., Carrillo, R., Dalmau, D., Jordano, Q., Knobel, H., Larrousse, M., Moreno, J. S., Oretaga, E., Pena, J. N., Hirschel, B., Spycher, R., Battegay, M., Bottone, S., Cavassini, M., Christen, A., Furrer, H. J., Gayet-Ageron, A., Genne, D., Hochstrasser, S., Moens, C., Muller, N., Nuesch, R., Ruxrungtham, K., Pumpradit, W., Dangthongdee, S., Kiertiburanakul, S., Klinbuayaem, V., Mootsikapun, P., Nonenoy, S., Piyavong, B., Prasithsirikul, W., Raksakulkarn, P., Gazzard, B. G., Ainsworth, J. G., Angus, B. J., Barber, T. J., Brook, M. G., Care, C. D., Chadwick, D. R., Chikohora, M., Churchill, D. R., Cornforth, D., Dockrell, D. H., Easterbrook, P. J., Fox, P. A., Gomez, P. A., Gompels, M. M., Harris, G. M., Herman, S., Jackson, A. G. A., Jebakumar, S. P. R., Kinghorn, G. R., Kuldanek, K. A., Larbalestier, N., Lumsden, M., Maher, T., Mantell, J., Muromba, L., Orkin, C. M., Peters, S., Peto, T. E. A., Portsmouth, S. D., Rajamanoharan, S., Ronan, Schwenk, A., Slinn, M. A., Stroud, C. J., Thomas, R. C., Wansbrough-Jones, M. H., Whiles, H. J., White, D. J., Williams, E., Williams, G., Youle, M., Abrams, D. I., Acosta, E. A., Adamski, A., Antoniskis, D., Aragon, D. R., Barnett, B. J., Baroni, C., Barron, M., Baxter, J. D., Beers, D., Beilke, M., Bemenderfer, Bernard, A., Besch, C. L., Bessesen, M. T., Bethel, J. T., Blue, S., Blum, J. D., Boarden, S., Bolan, R. K., Borgman, J. B., Brar, I., Braxton, B. K., Bredeek, U. F., Brennan, R., Britt, D. E., Bulgin-Coleman, D., Bullock, E., Campbell, B., Caras, S., Carroll, J., Casey, K. K., Chiang, F., Cindrich, R. B., Cohen, C., Coley, J., Condoluci, D. V., Contreras, R., Corser, J., Cozzolino, J., Crane, L. R., Daley, L., Dandridge, D., D'Antuono, V., Darcourt Rizo Patron, J. G., Dehovitz, J. A., Dejesus, E., Desjardin, J., Dietrich, C., Dolce, A., Erickson, D., Faber, L. L., Falbo, J., Farrough, M. J., Farthing, C. F., Ferrell-Gonzalez, P., Flynn, H., Frank, M., Freeman, K. F., French, N., Friedland, G., Fujita, N., Gahagan, L., Gilson, I., Goetz, M. B., Goodwin, E., Guity, C. K., Gulick, P., Gunderson, E. R., Hale, C. M., Hannah, K., Henderson, H., Hennessey, K., Henry, W. K., Higgins, T., Hodder, S. L., Horowitz, H. W., Howe-Pittman, M., Hubbard, J., Hudson, R., Hunter, H., Hutelmyer, C., Insignares, M. T., Jackson, L., Jenny, L., Johnson, D. L., Johnson, G., Johnson, J., Kaatz, J., Kaczmarski, J., Kagan, S., Kantor, C., Kempner, T., Kieckhaus, K., Kimmel, N., Klaus, B. M., Koeppe, J. R., Koirala, J., Kopka, J., Kostman, J. R., Kozal, M. J., Kumar, A., Lampiris, H., Lamprecht, C., Lattanzi, K. M., Lee, J., Leggett, J., Long, C., Loquere, A., Loveless, K., Lucasti, C. J., Luskin-Hawk, R., Macveigh, M., Makohon, L. H., Markowitz, N. P., Marks, C., Martorell, C., Mcfeaters, E., Mcgee, B., Mcintyre, D. M., Mcmanus, E., Melecio, L. G., Melton, D., Mercado, S., Merrifield, E., Mieras, J. A., Mogyoros, M., Moran, F. M., Murphy, K., Mutic, S., Nadeem, I., Nadler, J. P., Ognjan, A., O'Hearn, M., O'Keefe, K., Okhuysen, P. C., Oldfield, E., Olson, D., Orenstein, R., Ortiz, R., Parpart, F., Pastore-Lange, V., Paul, S., Pavlatos, A., Pearce, D. D., Pelz, R., Peterson, S., Pitrak, D., Powers, S. L., Pujet, H. C., Raaum, J. W., Ravishankar, J., Reeder, J., Reilly, N. A., Reyelt, C., Riddell, J., Rimland, D., Robinson, M. L., Rodriguez, A. E., Rodriguez Derouen, V., Rosmarin, C., Rossen, W. L., Rouff, J. R., Sands, M., Savini, C., Schrader, S., Schulte, M. M., Scott, R., Seedhom, H., Sension, M., Sheblehall, A., Shuter, J., Slater, L. N., Slotten, R., Smith, M., Snap, S., States, D. M., Stringer, G., Summers, K. K., Swanson, K., Sweeton, I. B., Szabo, S., Tedaldi, E. M., Telzak, E. E., Thompson, M. A., Thompson, S., Bong, C. T. H., Vaccaro, A., Vasco, L. M., Vecino, I., Verlinghieri, G. K., Visnegarwala, F., Wade, H., Weis, S. E., Weise, J. A., Weissman, S., Wilkin, M., Witter, J. H., Wojtusic, L., Wright, T. J., Yeh, V., Young, B., Zeana, C., Zeh, J., Savio, E., Vacarezza, M., and Pacheco, Antonio Guilherme
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Adult ,CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,Male ,General Science & Technology ,Anti-HIV Agents ,T cell ,lcsh:Medicine ,Antiretroviral Therapy ,HIV Infections ,Biology ,Essential hypertension ,Logistic regression ,Malignancy ,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ,Clinical Research ,Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ,microRNA ,medicine ,Genetics ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Humans ,Highly Active ,Aetiology ,lcsh:Science ,Genetic Association Studies ,Multidisciplinary ,lcsh:R ,Case-control study ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Circulating MicroRNA ,MicroRNAs ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Infectious Diseases ,Good Health and Well Being ,INSIGHT ESPRIT and SMART Study Groups ,Immunology ,HIV-1 ,HIV/AIDS ,lcsh:Q ,Female ,Infection ,Biomarkers ,Biotechnology ,Research Article - Abstract
Introduction The use of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically reduced HIV-1 associated morbidity and mortality. However, HIV-1 infected individuals have increased rates of morbidity and mortality compared to the non-HIV-1 infected population and this appears to be related to end-organ diseases collectively referred to as Serious Non-AIDS Events (SNAEs). Circulating miRNAs are reported as promising biomarkers for a number of human disease conditions including those that constitute SNAEs. Our study sought to investigate the potential of selected miRNAs in predicting mortality in HIV-1 infected ART treated individuals. Materials and Methods A set of miRNAs was chosen based on published associations with human disease conditions that constitute SNAEs. This case: control study compared 126 cases (individuals who died whilst on therapy), and 247 matched controls (individuals who remained alive). Cases and controls were ART treated participants of two pivotal HIV-1 trials. The relative abundance of each miRNA in serum was measured, by RTqPCR. Associations with mortality (all-cause, cardiovascular and malignancy) were assessed by logistic regression analysis. Correlations between miRNAs and CD4+ T cell count, hs-CRP, IL-6 and D-dimer were also assessed. Results None of the selected miRNAs was associated with all-cause, cardiovascular or malignancy mortality. The levels of three miRNAs (miRs -21, -122 and -200a) correlated with IL-6 while miR-21 also correlated with D-dimer. Additionally, the abundance of miRs -31, -150 and -223, correlated with baseline CD4+ T cell count while the same three miRNAs plus miR-145 correlated with nadir CD4+ T cell count. Discussion No associations with mortality were found with any circulating miRNA studied. These results cast doubt onto the effectiveness of circulating miRNA as early predictors of mortality or the major underlying diseases that contribute to mortality in participants treated for HIV-1 infection.
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- 2015
8. Tropospheric emissions: Monitoring of pollution (TEMPO)
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Zoogman, P., Liu, X., Suleiman, R. M., Pennington, W. F., Flittner, D. E., Al-Saadi, J. A., Hilton, B. B., Nicks, D. K., Newchurch, M. J., Carr, J. L., Janz, S. J., Andraschko, M. R., Arola, A., Baker, B. D., Canova, B. P., Chan Miller, C., Cohen, R. C., Davis, J. E., Dussault, M. E., Edwards, D. P., Fishman, J., Ghulam, A., González Abad, G., Grutter, M., Herman, J. R., Houck, J., Jacob, Daniel J., Joiner, J., Kerridge, B. J., Kim, J., Krotkov, N. A., Lamsal, L., Li, C., Lindfors, A., Martin, R. V., McElroy, C. T., McLinden, C., Natraj, V., Neil, D. O., Nowlan, C. R., O'Sullivan, E. J., Palmer, P.I., Pierce, Robert Bradley, Pippin, M. R., Saiz-Lopez, A., Spurr, R. J. D., Szykman, J. J., Torres, O., Veefkind, J. P., Zoogman, P., Liu, X., Suleiman, R. M., Pennington, W. F., Flittner, D. E., Al-Saadi, J. A., Hilton, B. B., Nicks, D. K., Newchurch, M. J., Carr, J. L., Janz, S. J., Andraschko, M. R., Arola, A., Baker, B. D., Canova, B. P., Chan Miller, C., Cohen, R. C., Davis, J. E., Dussault, M. E., Edwards, D. P., Fishman, J., Ghulam, A., González Abad, G., Grutter, M., Herman, J. R., Houck, J., Jacob, Daniel J., Joiner, J., Kerridge, B. J., Kim, J., Krotkov, N. A., Lamsal, L., Li, C., Lindfors, A., Martin, R. V., McElroy, C. T., McLinden, C., Natraj, V., Neil, D. O., Nowlan, C. R., O'Sullivan, E. J., Palmer, P.I., Pierce, Robert Bradley, Pippin, M. R., Saiz-Lopez, A., Spurr, R. J. D., Szykman, J. J., Torres, O., and Veefkind, J. P.
- Abstract
TEMPO was selected in 2012 by NASA as the first Earth Venture Instrument, for launch between 2018 and 2021. It will measure atmospheric pollution for greater North America from space using ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy. TEMPO observes from Mexico City, Cuba, and the Bahamas to the Canadian oil sands, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific, hourly and at high spatial resolution (~2.1 km N/S×4.4 km E/W at 36.5°N, 100°W). TEMPO provides a tropospheric measurement suite that includes the key elements of tropospheric air pollution chemistry, as well as contributing to carbon cycle knowledge. Measurements are made hourly from geostationary (GEO) orbit, to capture the high variability present in the diurnal cycle of emissions and chemistry that are unobservable from current low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites that measure once per day. The small product spatial footprint resolves pollution sources at sub-urban scale. Together, this temporal and spatial resolution improves emission inventories, monitors population exposure, and enables effective emission-control strategies. TEMPO takes advantage of a commercial GEO host spacecraft to provide a modest cost mission that measures the spectra required to retrieve ozone (O), nitrogen dioxide (NO), sulfur dioxide (SO), formaldehyde (HCO), glyoxal (CHO), bromine monoxide (BrO), IO (iodine monoxide), water vapor, aerosols, cloud parameters, ultraviolet radiation, and foliage properties. TEMPO thus measures the major elements, directly or by proxy, in the tropospheric O chemistry cycle. Multi-spectral observations provide sensitivity to O in the lowermost troposphere, substantially reducing uncertainty in air quality predictions. TEMPO quantifies and tracks the evolution of aerosol loading. It provides these near-real-time air quality products that will be made publicly available. TEMPO will launch at a prime time to be the North American component of the global geostationary constellation of pollution monitoring together with the
- Published
- 2017
9. Development and validation of a risk score for chronic kidney disease in HIV infection using prospective cohort data from the D:A:D study
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Mocroft, Amanda, Lundgren, Jens D., Ross, Michael, Law, Matthew, Reiss, Peter, Kirk, Ole, Smith, Colette, Wentworth, Deborah, Neuhaus, Jacqueline, Fux, Christoph A., Moranne, Olivier, Morlat, Phillipe, Johnson, Margaret A., Ryom, Lene, Lundgren, J. D., Powderly, B., Shortman, N., Moecklinghoff, C., Reilly, G., Franquet, X., Sabin, C. A., Phillips, A., Kirk, O., Reiss, P., Weber, R., Pradier, C., Law, M., d'Arminio Monforte, A., Dabis, F., El-Sadr, W. M., De Wit, S., Ryom, L., Kamara, D., Smith, C., Mocroft, A., Tverland, J., Mansfeld, M., Nielsen, J., Raben, D., Salbøl Brandt, R., Rickenbach, M., Fanti, I., Krum, E., Hillebregt, M., Geffard, S., Sundström, A., Delforge, M., Fontas, E., Torres, F., Mcmanus, H., Wright, S., Kjær, J., Sjøl, A., Meidahl, P., Helweg-Larsen, J., Schmidt Iversen, J., Ross, M., Fux, C. A., Morlat, P., Moranne, O., Kesselring, A. M., Kamara, D. A., Friis-Møller, N., Kowalska, J., Sabin, C., Bruyand, M., Bower, M., Fätkenheuer, G., Donald, A., Grulich, A., Prins, J. M., Kuijpers, T. W., Scherpbier, H. J., van der Meer, J. T. M., Wit, F. W. M. N., Godfried, M. H., van der Poll, T., Nellen, F. J. B., Geerlings, S. E., van Vugt, M., Pajkrt, D., Bos, J. C., Wiersinga, W. J., van der Valk, M., Goorhuis, A., Hovius, J. W., van Eden, J., Henderiks, A., van Hes, A. M. H., Mutschelknauss, M., Nobel, H. E., Pijnappel, F. J. J., Westerman, A. M., Jurriaans, S., Back, N. K. T., Zaaijer, H. L., Berkhout, B., Cornelissen, M. T. E., Schinkel, C. J., Thomas, X. V., van den Berge, M., Stegeman, A., Baas, S., Hage de Looff, L., Versteeg, D., Pronk, M. J. H., Ammerlaan, H. S. M., Korsten-Vorstermans, E. M. H. M., de Munnik, E. S., Jansz, A. R., Tjhie, J., Wegdam, M. C. A., Deiman, B., Scharnhorst, V., van der Plas, A., Weijsenfeld, A. M., van der Ende, M. E., de Vries-Sluijs, T. E. M. S., C. M. van Gorp, E., Schurink, C. A. M., Nouwen, J. L., Verbon, A., Rijnders, B. J. A., Bax, H. I., Hassing, R. J., van der Feltz, M., Bassant, N., van Beek, J. E. A., Vriesde, M., van Zonneveld, L. M., de Oude-Lubbers, A., van den Berg-Cameron, H. J., Bruinsma-Broekman, F. B., de Groot, J., de Zeeuw- de Man, M., Broekhoven-Kruijne, M. J., Schutten, M., Osterhaus, A. D. M. E., Boucher, C. A. B., Driessen, G. J. A., van Rossum, A. M. C., van der Knaap, L. C., Visser, E., Branger, J., H. M. Duijf-van de Ven, C. J., Schippers, E. F., van Nieuwkoop, C., Brimicombe, R. W., van IJperen, J. M., van der Hut, G., Franck, P. F. H., van Eeden, A., Brokking, W., Groot, M., Damen, M., Kwa, I. S., Groeneveld, P. H. P., Bouwhuis, J. W., van den Berg, J. F., van Hulzen, A. G. W., van der Bliek, G. L., Bor, P. C. J., Bloembergen, P., Wolfhagen, M. J. H. M., Ruijs, G. J. H. M., van Lelyveld, S. F. L., Soetekouw, R., Hulshoff, N., van der Prijt, L. M. M., Schoemaker, M., Bermon, N., van der Reijden, W. A., Jansen, R., Herpers, B. L., Veenendaal, D., Kroon, F. P., Arend, S. M., de Boer, M. G. J., Bauer, M. P., Jolink, H., Vollaard, A. M., Dorama, W., Moons, C., Claas, E. C. J., Kroes, A. C. M., den Hollander, J. G., Pogany, K., Kastelijns, M., Smit, J. V., Smit, E., Bezemer, M., van Niekerk, T., Pontesilli, O., Lowe, S. H., Oude Lashof, A., Posthouwer, D., Ackens, R. P., Schippers, J., Vergoossen, R., Weijenberg Maes, B., Savelkoul, P. H. M., Loo, I. H., Weijer, S., El Moussaoui, R., Heitmuller, M., Kortmann, W., van Twillert, G., Cohen Stuart, J. W. T., Diederen, B. M. W., Pronk, D., van Truijen-Oud, F. A., Leyten, E. M. S., Gelinck, L. B. S., van Hartingsveld, A., Meerkerk, C., Wildenbeest, G. S., Mutsaers, J. A. E. M., Jansen, C. L., van Vonderen, M. G. A., van Houte, D. P. F., Dijkstra, K., Faber, S., Weel, J., Kootstra, G. J., Delsing, C. E., van der Burg-van de Plas, M., Heins, H., Lucas, E., Brinkman, K., Frissen, P. H. J., Blok, W. L., Schouten, W. E. M., Bosma, A. S., Brouwer, C. J., Geerders, G. F., Hoeksema, K., Kleene, M. J., van der Meché, I. B., Toonen, A. J. M., Wijnands, S., van Ogtrop, M. L., Koopmans, P. P., Keuter, M., van der Ven, A. J. A. M., ter Hofstede, H. J. M., Dofferhoff, A. S. M., van Crevel, R., Albers, M., Bosch, M. E. W., Grintjes-Huisman, K. J. T., Zomer, B. J., Stelma, F. F., Burger, D., Richter, C., van der Berg, J. P., Gisolf, E. H., ter Beest, G., van Bentum, P. H. M., Langebeek, N., Tiemessen, R., Swanink, C. M. A., Veenstra, J., Lettinga, K. D., Spelbrink, M., Sulman, H., Witte, E., Peerbooms, P. G. H., Mulder, J. W., Vrouenraets, S. M. E., Lauw, F. N., van Broekhuizen, M. C., Paap, H., Vlasblom, D. J., Oudmaijer Sanders, E., Smits, P. H. M., Rosingh, A. W., Verhagen, D. W. M., Geilings, J., van Kasteren, M. E. E., Brouwer, A. E., de Kruijf-van de Wiel, B. A. F. M., Kuipers, M., Santegoets, R. M. W. J., van der Ven, B., Marcelis, J. H., G. M. Buiting, A., Kabel, P. J., Bierman, W. F. W., Sprenger, H. G., Scholvinck, E. H., van Assen, S., Wilting, K. R., Stienstra, Y., de Groot-de Jonge, H., van der Meulen, P. A., de Weerd, D. A., Niesters, H. G. M., Riezebos-Brilman, A., van Leer-Buter, C. C., Hoepelman, A. I. M., Schneider, M. M. E., Mudrikova, T., Ellerbroek, P. M., Oosterheert, J. J., Arends, J. E., Barth, R. E., Wassenberg, M. W. M., van Elst-Laurijssen, D. H. M., Laan, L. M., van Oers-Hazelzet, E. E. B., Patist, J., Vervoort, S., Nieuwenhuis, H. E., Frauenfelder, R., Schuurman, R., Verduyn-Lunel, F., Wensing, A. M. J., Peters, E. J. G., van Agtmael, M. A., Perenboom, R. M., Bomers, M., de Vocht, J., Elsenburg, L. J. M., Pettersson, A. M., Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C. M. J. E., Ang, C. W., Geelen, S. P. M., Wolfs, T. F. W., Bont, L. J., Nauta, N., Bezemer, D. O., Gras, L., van Sighem, A. I., Smit, C., Zaheri, S., Kimmel, V., Tong, Y., Lascaris, B., van den Boogaard, R., Hoekstra, P., de Lang, A., Berkhout, M., Grivell, S., Jansen, A., de Groot, L., van den Akker, M., Bergsma, D., Lodewijk, C., Meijering, R., Peeck, B., Raethke, M., Ree, C., Regtop, R., Ruijs, Y., Schoorl, M., Tuijn, E., Veenenberg, L., Woudstra, T., Bakker, Y., de Jong, A., Broekhoven, M., Claessen, E., Rademaker, M. J., Munjishvili, L., Kruijne, E., Tuk, B., Bonnet, F., Dupon, M., Chêne, G., Breilh, D., Fleury, H., Malvy, D., Mercié, P., Pellegrin, I., Neau, D., Pellegrin, J. L., Bouchet, S., Gaborieau, V., Lacoste, D., Tchamgoué, S., Thiébaut, R., Lawson-Ayayi, S., Wittkop, L., Bernard, N., Hessamfar, M., Vandenhende, M. A., Dauchy, F. A., Dutronc, H., Longy-Boursier, M., Duffau, P., Roger Schmeltz, J., Pistone, T., Receveur, M. C., Cazanave, C., Ochoa, A., Vareil, M. O., Viallard, J. F., Greib, C., Lazaro, E., Lafon, M. E., Reigadas, S., Trimoulet, P., Molimard, M., Titier, K., Moreau, J. 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L., Clifford, D., Climo, M., Couey, P., Cuervo, H., Deeks, S., Dennis, M., Diaz-Linares, M., Dickerson, D., Diez, M., Di Puppo, J., Dodson, P., Dupre, D., Elion, R., Elliott, K., El-Sadr, W., Estes, M., Fabre, J., Farrough, M., Flamm, J., Follansbee, S., Foster, C., Frank, C., Franz, J., Frechette, G., Freidland, G., Frische, J., Fuentes, L., Funk, C., Geisler, C., Genther, K., Giles, M., Goetz, M., Gonzalez, M., Graeber, C., Graziano, F., Grice, D., Hahn, B., Hamilton, C., Hassler, S., Henson, A., Hopper, S., John, M., Johnson, L., Johnson, R., Jones, R., Kahn, J., Klimas, N., Kolber, M., Koletar, S., Labriola, A., Larsen, R., Lasseter, F., Lederman, M., Ling, T., Lusch, T., Macarthur, R., Machado, C., Makohon, L., Mandelke, J., Mannheimer, S., Martínez, M., Martinez, N., Mass, M., Masur, H., Mcgregor, D., Mcintyre, D., Mckee, J., Mcmullen, D., Mettinger, M., Middleton, S., Mieras, J., Mildvan, D., Miller, P., Miller, T., Mitchell, V., Mitsuyasu, R., Moanna, A., Mogridge, C., Moran, F., Murphy, R., Nahass, R., Nixon, D., O'Brien, S., Ojeda, J., Okhuysen, P., Olson, M., Osterberger, J., Owen, W., Pablovich, Sr. S., Patel, S., Pierone, G., Poblete, R., Potter, A., Preston, E., Rappoport, C., Regevik, N., Reyelt, M., Riney, L., Rodriguez-Barradas, M., Rodriguez, M., Rodriguez, J., Roland, R., Rosmarin-DeStefano, C., Rossen, W., Rouff, J., Saag, M., Santiago, S., Sarria, J., Wirtz, S., Schmidt, U., Scott, C., Sheridan, A., Shin, A., Shrader, S., Simon, G., Slowinski, D., Smith, K., Spotkov, J., Sprague, C., States, D., Suh, C., Sullivan, J., Summers, K., Sweeton, B., Tan, V., Tanner, T., Temesgen, Z., Thomas, D., Thompson, M., Tobin, C., Toro, N., Towner, W., Upton, K., Uy, J., Valenti, S., van der Horst, C., Vita, J., Voell, J., Walker, J., Walton, T., Wason, K., Watson, V., Wellons, A., Weise, J., White, M., Whitman, T., Williams, B., Williams, N., Windham, J., Witt, M., Workowski, K., Wortmann, G., Wright, T., Zelasky, C., Zwickl, B., Dietz, D., Chesson, C., Schmetter, B., Grue, L., Willoughby, M., Demers, A., Dragsted, U. 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H., Masciottra, F., Michaan, M., Ruggieri, L., Salazar, E., Sánchez, M., Hoy, J. F., Rogers, G. D., Allworth, A. M., Anderson, J. S. C., Armishaw, J., Barnes, K., Chiam, A., Chuah, J. C. P., Curry, M. C., Dever, R. L., Donohue, W. A., Doong, N. C., Dwyer, D. E., Dyer, J., Eu, B., Ferguson, V. W., French, M. A. H., Garsia, R. J., Hudson, J. H., Jeganathan, S., Konecny, P., Mccormack, C. L., Mcmurchie, M., Moore, R. J., Moussa, M. B., Piper, M., Read, T., Roney, J. J., Shaw, D. R., Silvers, J., Smith, D. J., Street, A. C., Vale, R. J., Wendt, N. A., Wood, H., Youds, D. W., Zillman, J., Tozeau, V., de Roo, A., Leonard, P., Lynen, L., Moutschen, M., Pereira, L. C., Souza, T. N. L., Schechter, M., Zajdenverg, R., Almeida, M. M. T. B., Araujo, F., Bahia, F., Brites, C., Caseiro, M. M., Casseb, J., Etzel, A., Falco, G. G., Filho, E. C. J., Flint, S. R., Gonzales, C. R., Madruga, J. V. R., Passos, L. N., Reuter, T., Sidi, L. C., Toscano, A. L. C., Cherban, E., Conway, B., Dufour, C., Foster, A., Haase, D., Haldane, H., Klein, M., Lessard, B., Martel, A., Martel, C., Paradis, E., Schlech, W., Schmidt, S., Thompson, B., Vezina, S., Wolff Reyes, M. J., Northland, R., Hergens, L., Loftheim, I. R., Raukas, M., Justinen, J., Landman, R., Abel, S., Abgrall, S., Amat, K., Auperin, L., Barruet, R., Benalycherif, A., Benammar, N., Bentata, M., Besnier, J. M., Blanc, M., Cabié, A., Chavannet, P., Dargere, S., de la Tribonniere, X., Debord, T., Decaux, N., Delgado, J., Frixon-Marin, V., Genet, C., Gérard, L., Gilquin, J., Jeantils, V., Kouadio, H., Leclercq, P., Lelièvre, J. -D., Levy, Y., Michon, C. P., Nau, P., Pacanowski, J., Piketty, C., Salmon, D., Schmit, J. L., Serini, M. A., Tassi, S., Touam, F., Verdon, R., Weinbreck, P., Yazdanpanah, Y., Yeni, P., Bitsch, S., Bogner, J. R., Goebel, F. D., Lehmann, C., Lennemann, T., Potthof, A., Wasmuth, J. C., Wiedemeyer, K., Hatzakis, A., Touloumi, G., Antoniadou, A., Daikos, G. L., Dimitrakaki, A., Gargalianos-Kakolyris, P., Giannaris, M., Karafoulidou, A., Katsambas, A., Katsarou, O., Kontos, A. N., Kordossis, T., Lazanas, M. K., Panagopoulos, P., Paparizos, V., Papastamopoulos, V., Petrikkos, G., Skoutelis, A., Tsogas, N., Bergin, C. J., Mooka, B., Mamorksy, M. G., Agmon-Levin, N., Karplus, R., Shahar, E., Biglino, A., De Gioanni, M., Montroni, M., Raise, E., Honda, M., Ishisaka, M., Caplinskas, S., Uzdaviniene, V., Schmit, J. C., Mills, G. D., Blackmore, T., Masters, J. A., Morgan, J., Pithie, A., Brunn, J., Ormasssen, V., La Rosa, A., Guerra, O., Espichan, M., Gutierrez, L., Mendo, F., Salazar, R., Knytz, B., Kwiatkowski, J., Castro, R. S., Horta, A., Miranda, A. C., Pinto, I. V., Vera, J., Vinogradova, E., Yakovlev, A., Wood, R., Orrel, C., Arnaiz, J. A., Carrillo, R., Dalmau, D., Jordano, Q., Knobel, H., Larrousse, M., Moreno, J. S., Oretaga, E., Pena, J. N., Spycher, R., Bottone, S., Christen, A., Franc, C., Furrer, H. J., Gayet-Ageron, A., Genné, D., Hochstrasser, S., Moens, C., Nüesch, R., Ruxrungtham, K., Pumpradit, W., Dangthongdee, S., Kiertiburanakul, S., Klinbuayaem, V., Mootsikapun, P., Nonenoy, S., Piyavong, B., Prasithsirikul, W., Raksakulkarn, P., Gazzard, B. G., Ainsworth, J. G., Angus, B. J., Barber, T. J., Brook, M. G., Care, C. D., Chadwick, D. R., Chikohora, M., Churchill, D. R., Cornforth, D., Dockrell, D. H., Easterbrook, P. J., Fox, P. A., Gomez, P. A., Gompels, M. M., Harris, G. M., Herman, S., Jackson, A. G. A., Jebakumar, S. P. R., Kinghorn, G. R., Kuldanek, K. A., Larbalestier, N., Lumsden, M., Maher, T., Mantell, J., Muromba, L., Orkin, C. M., Peters, B. S., Peto, T. E. A., Portsmouth, S. D., Rajamanoharan, S., Ronan, A., Schwenk, A., Slinn, M. A., Stroud, C. J., Thomas, R. C., Wansbrough-Jones, M. H., Whiles, H. J., White, D. J., Williams, E., Williams, I. G., Acosta, E. A., Adamski, A., Antoniskis, D., Aragon, D. R., Barnett, B. J., Baroni, C., Barron, M., Baxter, J. D., Beers, D., Beilke, M., Bemenderfer, D., Bernard, A., Besch, C. L., Bessesen, M. T., Bethel, J. T., Blue, S., Blum, J. D., Boarden, S., Bolan, R. K., Borgman, J. B., Brar, I., Braxton, B. K., Bredeek, U. F., Brennan, R., Britt, D. E., Bulgin-Coleman, D., Bullock, D. E., Campbell, B., Caras, S., Carroll, J., Casey, K. K., Chiang, F., Cindrich, R. B., Clark, C., Cohen, C., Coley, J., Condoluci, D. V., Contreras, R., Corser, J., Cozzolino, J., Daley, L., Dandridge, D., D'Antuono, V., Darcourt Rizo Patron, J. G., Dehovitz, J. A., Dejesus, E., Desjardin, J., Dietrich, C., Dolce, E., Erickson, D., Faber, L. L., Falbo, J., Farrough, M. J., Farthing, C. F., Ferrell-Gonzalez, P., Flynn, H., Frank, M., Freeman, K. F., French, N., Fujita, N., Gahagan, L., Gilson, I., Goetz, M. B., Goodwin, E., Guity, C. K., Gulick, P., Gunderson, E. R., Hale, C. M., Hannah, K., Henderson, H., Hennessey, K., Henry, W. K., Higgins, D. T., Hodder, S. L., Horowitz, H. W., Howe-Pittman, M., Hubbard, J., Hudson, R., Hunter, H., Hutelmyer, C., Insignares, M. T., Jackson, L., Jenny, L., Johnson, D. L., Johnson, G., Johnson, J., Kaatz, J., Kaczmarski, J., Kagan, S., Kantor, C., Kempner, T., Kieckhaus, K., Kimmel, N., Klaus, B. M., Koeppe, J. R., Koirala, J., Kopka, J., Kostman, J. R., Kozal, M. J., Kumar, A., Lampiris, H., Lamprecht, C., Lattanzi, K. M., Lee, J., Leggett, J., Long, C., Loquere, A., Loveless, K., Lucasti, C. J., Macveigh, M., Makohon, L. H., Markowitz, N. P., Marks, C., Martorell, C., Mcfeaters, E., Mcgee, B., Mcintyre, D. M., Mcmanus, E., Melecio, L. G., Melton, D., Mercado, S., Merrifield, E., Mieras, J. A., Mogyoros, M., Moran, F. M., Murphy, K., Mutic, S., Nadeem, I., Nadler, J. P., Ognjan, A., O'Hearn, M., O'Keefe, K., Okhuysen, P. C., Oldfield, E., Olson, D., Orenstein, R., Ortiz, R., Parpart, F., Pastore-Lange, V., Paul, S., Pavlatos, A., Pearce, D. D., Pelz, R., Peterson, S., Pitrak, D., Powers, S. L., Pujet, H. C., Raaum, J. W., Ravishankar, J., Reeder, J., Reilly, N. A., Reyelt, C., Riddell, J., Rimland, D., Robinson, M. L., Rodriguez, A. E., Rodriguez-Barradas, M. C., Rodriguez Derouen, V., Rosmarin, C., Rossen, W. L., Rouff, J. R., Sampson, J. H., Sands, M., Savini, C., Schrader, S., Schulte, M. M., Scott, R., Seedhom, H., Sension, M., Sheble-Hall, A., Shuter, J., Slater, L. N., Slotten, R., Smith, M., Snap, S., States, D. M., Stringer, G., Summers, K. K., Swanson, K., Sweeton, I. B., Szabo, S., Tedaldi, E. M., Telzak, E. E., Thompson, M. A., Thompson, S., Ting Hong Bong, C., Vaccaro, A., Vasco, L. M., Vecino, I., Verlinghieri, G. K., Visnegarwala, F., Wade, B. H., Weis, S. E., Weise, J. A., Weissman, S., Wilkin, A. M., Witter, J. H., Wojtusic, L., Wright, T. J., Yeh, V., Young, B., Zeana, C., Zeh, J., Savio, E., Vacarezza, M., University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Aide à la Décision pour une Médecine Personnalisé - Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie et Recherche Clinique - EA 2415 (AIDMP), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Epidémiologie et Biostatistique [Bordeaux], Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Med Microbiol, Infect Dis & Infect Prev, RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Chronic inflammatory disease and wasting, RS: CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, RS: CAPHRI - R4 - Health Inequities and Societal Participation, Interne Geneeskunde, Chemical Biology, Mocroft, A, Lundgren, J, Ross, M, Law, M, Reiss, P, Kirk, O, Smith, C, Wentworth, D, Neuhaus, J, Fux, C, Moranne, O, Morlat, P, Johnson, M, Ryom, L, Gori, A, Internal medicine, CCA - Innovative therapy, ICaR - Circulation and metabolism, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, CCA - Disease profiling, CCA - Immuno-pathogenesis, Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Mocroft, Amanda, Lundgren, Jens D., Ross, Michael, Law, Matthew, Reiss, Peter, Kirk, Ole, Smith, Colette, Wentworth, Deborah, Neuhaus, Jacqueline, Fux, Christoph A., Moranne, Olivier, Morlat, Phillipe, Johnson, Margaret A., Ryom, Lene, D:a:d Study, Group, Castagna, Antonella, the Royal Free Hospital Clinic, Cohort, and the, Insight, Smart, and ESPRIT, Study, Clinicum, Department of Medicine, Herrada, Anthony, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Global Health, Other departments, Infectious diseases, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, General Internal Medicine, Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dermatology, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Other Research, Anesthesiology, and Bartlett, John
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Male ,Adult ,Age Factors ,Anti-HIV Agents ,CD4 Lymphocyte Count ,Clinical Decision-Making ,Comorbidity ,Female ,HIV ,HIV Infections ,HIV Seropositivity ,Humans ,Incidence ,Kidney ,Middle Aged ,Prospective Studies ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Risk ,Risk Assessment ,Sex Factors ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Biochemistry ,0302 clinical medicine ,ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ,Adult, Age Factors, Anti-HIV Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Clinical Decision-Making, Comorbidity, Female, HIV, HIV Infections, HIV Seropositivity, Humans, Incidence, Kidney, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Risk, Risk Assessment, Sex Factors ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Age Factor ,Chronic ,STAGE RENAL-DISEASE ,PROTEINURIA ,virus diseases ,11 Medical And Health Sciences ,General Medicine ,ASSOCIATION ,6. Clean water ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,3. Good health ,HIV/AIDS ,Medicine ,Infection ,psychological phenomena and processes ,Human ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Renal function ,NEFROPATIAS ,chronic kidney disease ,risk score model ,12. Responsible consumption ,ESPRIT study group ,03 medical and health sciences ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Clinical Research ,D:A:D study group ,Intensive care medicine ,medicine (all) ,Molecular Biology ,Royal Free Hospital Clinic Cohort ,Prevention ,Anti-HIV Agent ,medicine.disease ,Prospective Studie ,lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4] ,Immunology ,Kidney Disease ,PREDICTION ,POSITIVE PERSONS ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Sex Factor ,SDG 3 – Goede gezondheid en welzijn ,Medical and Health Sciences ,GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE ,[SDV.MHEP.UN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology ,INSIGHT study group ,HIV Infection ,LIFE EXPECTANCY ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Renal Insufficiency ,Prospective cohort study ,Framingham Risk Score ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,adult ,age factors ,anti-hiv agents ,CD4 lymphocyte count ,clinical decision-making ,comorbidity ,female ,hiv ,hiv infections ,hiv seropositivity ,humans ,incidence ,kidney ,male ,middle aged ,prospective studies ,renal insufficiency, chronic ,risk ,risk assessment ,sex factors ,SMART study group ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,[SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Patient Safety ,Risk assessment ,Biotechnology ,Research Article ,Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE ,NO ,A:D study group [D] ,General & Internal Medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,mental disorders ,medicine ,EXPOSURE ,business.industry ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Cell Biology ,[SDV.MHEP.UN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology ,INDIVIDUALS ,Good Health and Well Being ,[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,business ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health issue for HIV-positive individuals, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Development and implementation of a risk score model for CKD would allow comparison of the risks and benefits of adding potentially nephrotoxic antiretrovirals to a treatment regimen and would identify those at greatest risk of CKD. The aims of this study were to develop a simple, externally validated, and widely applicable long-term risk score model for CKD in HIV-positive individuals that can guide decision making in clinical practice. Methods and Findings A total of 17,954 HIV-positive individuals from the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study with ≥3 estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values after 1 January 2004 were included. Baseline was defined as the first eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 after 1 January 2004; individuals with exposure to tenofovir, atazanavir, atazanavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, other boosted protease inhibitors before baseline were excluded. CKD was defined as confirmed (>3 mo apart) eGFR ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Poisson regression was used to develop a risk score, externally validated on two independent cohorts. In the D:A:D study, 641 individuals developed CKD during 103,185 person-years of follow-up (PYFU; incidence 6.2/1,000 PYFU, 95% CI 5.7–6.7; median follow-up 6.1 y, range 0.3–9.1 y). Older age, intravenous drug use, hepatitis C coinfection, lower baseline eGFR, female gender, lower CD4 count nadir, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) predicted CKD. The adjusted incidence rate ratios of these nine categorical variables were scaled and summed to create the risk score. The median risk score at baseline was −2 (interquartile range –4 to 2). There was a 1:393 chance of developing CKD in the next 5 y in the low risk group (risk score < 0, 33 events), rising to 1:47 and 1:6 in the medium (risk score 0–4, 103 events) and high risk groups (risk score ≥ 5, 505 events), respectively. Number needed to harm (NNTH) at 5 y when starting unboosted atazanavir or lopinavir/ritonavir among those with a low risk score was 1,702 (95% CI 1,166–3,367); NNTH was 202 (95% CI 159–278) and 21 (95% CI 19–23), respectively, for those with a medium and high risk score. NNTH was 739 (95% CI 506–1462), 88 (95% CI 69–121), and 9 (95% CI 8–10) for those with a low, medium, and high risk score, respectively, starting tenofovir, atazanavir/ritonavir, or another boosted protease inhibitor. The Royal Free Hospital Clinic Cohort included 2,548 individuals, of whom 94 individuals developed CKD (3.7%) during 18,376 PYFU (median follow-up 7.4 y, range 0.3–12.7 y). Of 2,013 individuals included from the SMART/ESPRIT control arms, 32 individuals developed CKD (1.6%) during 8,452 PYFU (median follow-up 4.1 y, range 0.6–8.1 y). External validation showed that the risk score predicted well in these cohorts. Limitations of this study included limited data on race and no information on proteinuria. Conclusions Both traditional and HIV-related risk factors were predictive of CKD. These factors were used to develop a risk score for CKD in HIV infection, externally validated, that has direct clinical relevance for patients and clinicians to weigh the benefits of certain antiretrovirals against the risk of CKD and to identify those at greatest risk of CKD., Editors’ Summary Background About 35 million people are currently infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. HIV destroys CD4 lymphocytes and other immune system cells, leaving infected individuals susceptible to other infections. HIV infection can be controlled, but not cured, using combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), and, nowadays, the life expectancy of many HIV-positive individuals is similar to that of HIV-negative people. HIV-positive individuals nevertheless experience some illnesses more frequently than HIV-negative people do. For example, up to a third of HIV-positive individuals develop chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death. Persons with CKD may have an impaired effect of the filtration units in the kidneys that remove waste products and excess water from the blood to make urine, thereby leading to a reduced blood filtration rate (the estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]) and waste product accumulation in the blood. Symptoms of CKD, which rarely occur until the disease is advanced, include tiredness, swollen feet, and frequent urination. Advanced stages of CKD cannot be cured, but its progression can be slowed by, for example, controlling hypertension (high blood pressure) and diabetes (two CDK risk factors) and by adopting a healthy lifestyle. Why Was This Study Done? The burden of CKD may increase among HIV-positive individuals as they age, and clinicians need to know which individuals are at high risk of developing CKD when choosing cART regimens for their patients. In addition, clinicians need to be able to identify those HIV-positive individuals at greatest risk of CKD so that they can monitor them for early signs of kidney disease. Some antiretroviral drugs—for example, tenofovir and atazanavir/ritonavir (a boosted protease inhibitor)—are associated with kidney damage. Clinicians may need to weigh the benefits and risks of giving such potentially nephrotoxic drugs to individuals who already have a high CKD risk. Here, the researchers develop and validate a simple, widely applicable risk score (a risk prediction model) for CKD among HIV-positive individuals and investigate the relationship between CKD and potentially nephrotoxic antiretroviral drugs among individuals with different CKD risk score profiles. What Did the Researchers Do and Find? To develop their CKD risk score, the researchers used clinical and demographic data collected from 17,954 HIV-positive individuals enrolled in the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study who had an eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and were not taking a potentially nephrotoxic antiretroviral at baseline. During 103,185 person-years of follow-up, 641 individuals developed CKD. Older age, intravenous drug use, hepatitis C coinfection, lower baseline eGFR, female gender, lower CD4 count nadir, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease predicted CKD. The researchers included these nine factors in their risk score model (which is available online) and defined three risk groups: low (risk score < 0), medium (risk score 0–4), and high (risk score ≥ 5) risk of CKD development in the next five years. Specifically, there was a 1 in 393, 1 in 47, and 1 in 6 chance of developing CKD in the next five years in the low, medium, and high risk groups, respectively. Because some patients started to use potentially nephrotoxic antiretroviral drugs during follow-up, the researchers were able to use their risk score model to calculate how many patients would have to be treated with one of these drugs for an additional patient to develop CKD over five years in each risk group. This “number needed to harm” (NNTH) for patients starting treatment with tenofovir, atazanavir/ritonavir, or another boosted protease inhibitor was 739, 88, and 9 in the low, medium, and high risk groups, respectively. Finally, the researchers validated the accuracy of their risk score in two independent HIV study groups. What Do These Findings Mean? These findings provide a simple, validated risk score for CKD and indicate that the NNTH when starting potentially nephrotoxic antiretrovirals was low among HIV-positive individuals at the highest risk of CKD (i.e., treating just nine individuals with nephrotoxic antiretroviral drugs will likely lead to an additional case of CKD in five years). Although various aspects of the study, including the lack of data on race, limit the accuracy of these findings, these findings highlight the need for monitoring, screening, and chronic disease prevention to minimize the risk of HIV-positive individuals developing diabetes, hypertension, or cardiovascular disease, or becoming coinfected with hepatitis C, all of which contribute to the CKD risk score. Moreover, the development of a tool for estimating an individual’s five-year risk of developing CKD with or without the addition of potentially nephrotoxic antiretroviral drugs will enable clinicians and patients to weigh the benefits of certain antiretroviral drugs against the risk of CKD and make informed decisions about treatment options. Additional Information Please access these websites via the online version of this summary at http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001809. Information is available from the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases on HIV infection and AIDS NAM/aidsmap provides basic information about HIV/AIDS, summaries of recent research findings on HIV care and treatment, and personal stories about living with AIDS/HIV Information is available from Avert, an international AIDS charity, on many aspects of HIV/AIDS, including personal stories about living with HIV/AIDS The World Health Organization provides information on all aspects of HIV/AIDS (in several languages), including its guidelines on the use of ART for treating and preventing HIV infection The UNAIDS World AIDS Day Report 2014 provides up-to-date information about the AIDS epidemic and efforts to halt it The UK National Health Service Choices website provides information for patients on chronic kidney disease, including some personal stories The US National Kidney Foundation, a not-for-profit organization, provides information about chronic kidney disease (in English and Spanish) A tool for calculating the CDK risk score developed in this study is available Additional information about the D:A:D study is available, Amanda Mocroft and colleagues develop and validate a model for determining risk of developing chronic kidney disease for individuals with HIV if treated with different antiretroviral therapies.
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- 2015
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10. Application of OMI, SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 satellite SO2 retrievals for detection of large emission sources
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Fioletov, V.E., McLinden, C.A., Krotkov, N., Yang, K., Loyola, Diego, Valks, P., Theys, N., Van Roozendael, M., Nowlan, C., Chance, K., Liu, X., Lee, C., and Martin, R.V.
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remote sensing ,emissions ,sulfur dioxide - Published
- 2013
11. TEMPO Green Paper: Chemistry, physics, and meteorology experiments with the Tropospheric Emissions: monitoring of pollution instrument
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Neeck, Steven P., Martimort, Philippe, Kimura, Toshiyoshi, Chance, K., Liu, X., Miller, C. Chan, González Abad, G., Huang, G., Nowlan, C., Souri, A., Suleiman, R., Sun, K., Wang, H., Zhu, L., Zoogman, P., Al-Saadi, J., Antuña-Marrero, J. -C., Carr, J., Chatfield, R., Chin, M., Cohen, R., Edwards, D., Fishman, J., Flittner, D., Geddes, J., Grutter, M., Herman, J. R., Jacob, D. J., Janz, S., Joiner, J., Kim, J., Krotkov, N. A., Lefer, B., Martin, R. V., Mayol-Bracero, O. L., Naeger, A., Newchurch, M., Pfister, G. G., Pickering, K., Pierce, R. B., Rivera Cárdenas, C., Saiz-Lopez, A., Simpson, W., Spinei, E., Spurr, R. J. D., Szykman, J. J., Torres, O., and Wang, J.
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- 2019
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12. Development and Validation of a Risk Score for Chronic Kidney Disease in HIV Infection Using Prospective Cohort Data from the D:A:D Study
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Mocroft, A., Lundgren, J. D., Ross, M., Law, M., Reiss, P., Kirk, O., Smith, C., Wentworth, D., Neuhaus, J., Fux, C. A., Moranne, O., Morlat, P., Johnson, M. A., Ryom, L., Powderly, B., Shortman, N., Moecklinghoff, C., Reilly, G., Franquet, X., Sabin, C. A., Phillips, A., Weber, R., Pradier, C., d'Arminio Monforte, A., Dabis, F., El-Sadr, W. M., De Wit, S., Kamara, D., Tverland, J., Mansfeld, M., Nielsen, J., Raben, D., Salbol Brandt, R., Rickenbach, M., Fanti, I., Krum, E., Hillebregt, M., Geffard, S., Sundstrom, A., Delforge, M., Fontas, E., Torres, F., Mcmanus, H., Wright, S., Kjaer, J., Sjol, A., Meidahl, P., Helweg-Larsen, J., Schmidt Iversen, J., Kesselring, A. M., Friis-Moller, N., Kowalska, J., Sabin, C., Bruyand, M., Kamara, D. A., Bower, M., Fatkenheuer, G., Donald, A., Grulich, A., Prins, J. M., Kuijpers, T. W., Scherpbier, H. J., van der Meer, J. T. M., Wit, F. W. M. N., Godfried, M. H., van der Poll, T., Nellen, F. J. B., Geerlings, S. E., van Vugt, M., Pajkrt, D., Bos, J. C., Wiersinga, W. J., van der Valk, M., Goorhuis, A., Hovius, J. W., van Eden, J., Henderiks, A., van Hes, A. M. H., Mutschelknauss, M., Nobel, H. E., Pijnappel, F. J. J., Westerman, A. M., Jurriaans, S., Back, N. K. T., Zaaijer, H. L., Berkhout, B., Cornelissen, M. T. E., Schinkel, C. J., Thomas, X. V., van den Berge, M., Stegeman, A., Baas, S., Hage de Looff, L., Versteeg, D., Pronk, M. J. H., Ammerlaan, H. S. M., Korsten-Vorstermans, E. M. H. M., de Munnik, E. S., Jansz, A. R., Tjhie, J., Wegdam, M. C. A., Deiman, B., Scharnhorst, V., van der Plas, A., Weijsenfeld, A. M., van der Ende, M. E., de Vries-Sluijs, T. E. M. S., C. M. van Gorp, E., Schurink, C. A. M., Nouwen, J. L., Verbon, A., Rijnders, B. J. A., Bax, H. I., Hassing, R. J., van der Feltz, M., Bassant, N., van Beek, J. E. A., Vriesde, M., van Zonneveld, L. M., de Oude-Lubbers, A., van den Berg-Cameron, H. J., Bruinsma-Broekman, F. B., de Groot, J., de Zeeuw- de Man, M., Broekhoven-Kruijne, M. J., Schutten, M., Osterhaus, A. D. M. E., Boucher, C. A. B., Driessen, G. J. A., van Rossum, A. M. C., van der Knaap, L. C., Visser, E., Branger, J., H. M. Duijf-van de Ven C., J., Schippers, E. F., van Nieuwkoop, C., Brimicombe, R. W., van IJperen, J. M., van der Hut, G., Franck, P. F. H., van Eeden, A., Brokking, W., Groot, M., Damen, M., Kwa, I. S., Groeneveld, P. H. P., Bouwhuis, J. W., van den Berg, J. F., van Hulzen, A. G. W., van der Bliek, G. L., Bor, P. C. J., Bloembergen, P., Wolfhagen, M. J. H. M., Ruijs, G. J. H. M., van Lelyveld, S. F. L., Soetekouw, R., Hulshoff, N., van der Prijt, L. M. M., Schoemaker, M., Bermon, N., van der Reijden, W. A., Jansen, R., Herpers, B. L., Veenendaal, D., Kroon, F. P., Arend, S. M., de Boer, M. G. J., Bauer, M. P., Jolink, H., Vollaard, A. M., Dorama, W., Moons, C., Claas, E. C. J., Kroes, A. C. M., den Hollander, J. G., Pogany, K., Kastelijns, M., Smit, J. 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E., Mudrikova, T., Ellerbroek, P. M., Oosterheert, J. J., Arends, J. E., Barth, R. E., Wassenberg, M. W. M., van Elst-Laurijssen, D. H. M., Laan, L. M., van Oers-Hazelzet, E. E. B., Patist, J., Vervoort, S., Nieuwenhuis, H. E., Frauenfelder, R., Schuurman, R., Verduyn-Lunel, F., Wensing, A. M. J., Peters, E. J. G., van Agtmael, M. A., Perenboom, R. M., Bomers, M., de Vocht, J., Elsenburg, L. J. M., Pettersson, A. M., Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C. M. J. E., Ang, C. W., Geelen, S. P. M., Wolfs, T. F. W., Bont, L. J., Nauta, N., Bezemer, D. O., Gras, L., van Sighem, A. I., Smit, C., Zaheri, S., Kimmel, V., Tong, Y., Lascaris, B., van den Boogaard, R., Hoekstra, P., de Lang, A., Berkhout, M., Grivell, S., Jansen, A., de Groot, L., van den Akker, M., Bergsma, D., Lodewijk, C., Meijering, R., Peeck, B., Raethke, M., Ree, C., Regtop, R., Ruijs, Y., Schoorl, M., Tuijn, E., Veenenberg, L., Woudstra, T., Bakker, Y., de Jong, A., Broekhoven, M., Claessen, E., Rademaker, M. J., Munjishvili, L., Kruijne, E., Tuk, B., Bonnet, F., Dupon, M., Chene, G., Breilh, D., Fleury, H., Malvy, D., Mercie, P., Pellegrin, I., Neau, D., Bouchet, S., Gaborieau, V., Lacoste, D., Tchamgoue, S., Thiebaut, R., Lawson-Ayayi, S., Wittkop, L., Bernard, N., Hessamfar, M., Vandenhende, M. A., Dauchy, F. A., Dutronc, H., Longy-Boursier, M., Duffau, P., Roger Schmeltz, J., Pistone, T., Receveur, M. C., Cazanave, C., Ochoa, A., Vareil, M. O., Pellegrin, J. L., Viallard, J. F., Greib, C., Lazaro, E., Lafon, M. E., Reigadas, S., Trimoulet, P., Molimard, M., Titier, K., Moreau, J. F., Haramburu, F., Miremont-Salame, G., Dupont, A., Gerard, Y., Caunegre, L., Andre, K., Bonnal, F., Farbos, S., Gemain, M. C., Ceccaldi, J., De Witte, S., Courtault, C., Monlun, E., Lataste, P., Meraud, J. P., Chossat, I., Blaizeau, M. 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J., Mooka, B., Mamorksy, M. G., Agmon-Levin, N., Karplus, R., Shahar, E., Biglino, A., De Gioanni, M., Montroni, M., Raise, E., Honda, M., Ishisaka, M., Caplinskas, S., Uzdaviniene, V., Schmit, J. C., Mills, G. D., Blackmore, T., Masters, J. A., Morgan, J., Pithie, A., Brunn, J., Ormasssen, V., La Rosa, A., Guerra, O., Espichan, M., Gutierrez, L., Mendo, F., Salazar, R., Knytz, B., Kwiatkowski, J., Castro, R. S., Horta, A., Miranda, A. C., Pinto, I. V., Vera, J., Vinogradova, E., Yakovlev, A., Wood, R., Orrel, C., Arnaiz, J. A., Carrillo, R., Dalmau, D., Jordano, Q., Knobel, H., Larrousse, M., Moreno, J. S., Oretaga, E., Pena, J. N., Spycher, R., Bottone, S., Christen, A., Franc, C., Furrer, H. J., Gayet-Ageron, A., Genne, D., Hochstrasser, S., Moens, C., Nuesch, R., Ruxrungtham, K., Pumpradit, W., Dangthongdee, S., Kiertiburanakul, S., Klinbuayaem, V., Mootsikapun, P., Nonenoy, S., Piyavong, B., Prasithsirikul, W., Raksakulkarn, P., Gazzard, B. G., Ainsworth, J. G., Angus, B. J., Barber, T. J., Brook, M. G., Care, C. D., Chadwick, D. R., Chikohora, M., Churchill, D. R., Cornforth, D., Dockrell, D. H., Easterbrook, P. J., Fox, P. A., Gomez, P. A., Gompels, M. M., Harris, G. M., Herman, S., Jackson, A. G. A., Jebakumar, S. P. R., Kinghorn, G. R., Kuldanek, K. A., Larbalestier, N., Lumsden, M., Maher, T., Mantell, J., Muromba, L., Orkin, C. M., Palfreeman, A. J., Peters, B. S., Peto, T. E. A., Portsmouth, S. D., Rajamanoharan, S., Ronan, A., Schwenk, A., Slinn, M. A., Stroud, C. J., Thomas, R. C., Wansbrough-Jones, M. H., Whiles, H. J., White, D. J., Williams, E., Williams, I. G., Acosta, E. A., Adamski, A., Antoniskis, D., Aragon, D. R., Barnett, B. J., Baroni, C., Barron, M., Baxter, J. D., Beers, D., Beilke, M., Bemenderfer, D., Bernard, A., Besch, C. L., Bessesen, M. T., Bethel, J. T., Blue, S., Blum, J. D., Boarden, S., Bolan, R. K., Borgman, J. B., Brar, I., Braxton, B. K., Bredeek, U. F., Brennan, R., Britt, D. E., Bulgin-Coleman, D., Bullock, D. E., Campbell, B., Caras, S., Carroll, J., Casey, K. K., Chiang, F., Cindrich, R. B., Clark, C., Cohen, C., Coley, J., Condoluci, D. V., Contreras, R., Corser, J., Cozzolino, J., Daley, L., Dandridge, D., D'Antuono, V., Darcourt Rizo Patron, J. G., Dehovitz, J. A., Dejesus, E., Desjardin, J., Dietrich, C., Dolce, E., Erickson, D., Faber, L. L., Falbo, J., Farrough, M. J., Farthing, C. F., Ferrell-Gonzalez, P., Flynn, H., Frank, M., Freeman, K. F., French, N., Fujita, N., Gahagan, L., Gilson, I., Goetz, M. B., Goodwin, E., Guity, C. K., Gulick, P., Gunderson, E. R., Hale, C. M., Hannah, K., Henderson, H., Hennessey, K., Henry, W. K., Higgins, D. T., Hodder, S. L., Horowitz, H. W., Howe-Pittman, M., Hubbard, J., Hudson, R., Hunter, H., Hutelmyer, C., Insignares, M. T., Jackson, L., Jenny, L., Johnson, D. L., Johnson, G., Johnson, J., Kaatz, J., Kaczmarski, J., Kagan, S., Kantor, C., Kempner, T., Kieckhaus, K., Kimmel, N., Klaus, B. M., Koeppe, J. R., Koirala, J., Kopka, J., Kostman, J. R., Kozal, M. J., Kumar, A., Lampiris, H., Lamprecht, C., Lattanzi, K. M., Lee, J., Leggett, J., Long, C., Loquere, A., Loveless, K., Lucasti, C. J., Macveigh, M., Makohon, L. H., Markowitz, N. P., Marks, C., Martorell, C., Mcfeaters, E., Mcgee, B., Mcintyre, D. M., Mcmanus, E., Melecio, L. G., Melton, D., Mercado, S., Merrifield, E., Mieras, J. A., Mogyoros, M., Moran, F. M., Murphy, K., Mutic, S., Nadeem, I., Nadler, J. P., Ognjan, A., O'Hearn, M., O'Keefe, K., Okhuysen, P. C., Oldfield, E., Olson, D., Orenstein, R., Ortiz, R., Parpart, F., Pastore-Lange, V., Paul, S., Pavlatos, A., Pearce, D. D., Pelz, R., Peterson, S., Pitrak, D., Powers, S. L., Pujet, H. C., Raaum, J. W., Ravishankar, J., Reeder, J., Reilly, N. A., Reyelt, C., Riddell, J., Rimland, D., Robinson, M. L., Rodriguez, A. E., Rodriguez-Barradas, M. C., Rodriguez Derouen, V., Rosmarin, C., Rossen, W. L., Rouff, J. R., Sampson, J. H., Sands, M., Savini, C., Schrader, S., Schulte, M. M., Scott, R., Seedhom, H., Sension, M., Sheble-Hall, A., Shuter, J., Slater, L. N., Slotten, R., Smith, M., Snap, S., States, D. M., Stringer, G., Summers, K. K., Swanson, K., Sweeton, I. B., Szabo, S., Telzak, E. E., Thompson, M. A., Thompson, S., Ting Hong Bong, C., Vaccaro, A., Vasco, L. M., Vecino, I., Verlinghieri, G. K., Visnegarwala, F., Wade, B. H., Weis, S. E., Weise, J. A., Weissman, S., Wilkin, A. M., Witter, J. H., Wojtusic, L., Wright, T. J., Yeh, V., Young, B., Zeana, C., Zeh, J., Savio, E., Vacarezza, M., and Cauda R. (ORCID:0000-0002-1498-4229)
- Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health issue for HIV-positive individuals, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Development and implementation of a risk score model for CKD would allow comparison of the risks and benefits of adding potentially nephrotoxic antiretrovirals to a treatment regimen and would identify those at greatest risk of CKD. The aims of this study were to develop a simple, externally validated, and widely applicable long-term risk score model for CKD in HIV-positive individuals that can guide decision making in clinical practice. A total of 17,954 HIV-positive individuals from the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study with ≥3 estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values after 1 January 2004 were included. Baseline was defined as the first eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 after 1 January 2004; individuals with exposure to tenofovir, atazanavir, atazanavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, other boosted protease inhibitors before baseline were excluded. CKD was defined as confirmed (>3 mo apart) eGFR ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Poisson regression was used to develop a risk score, externally validated on two independent cohorts. In the D:A:D study, 641 individuals developed CKD during 103,185 person-years of follow-up (PYFU; incidence 6.2/1,000 PYFU, 95% CI 5.7–6.7; median follow-up 6.1 y, range 0.3–9.1 y). Older age, intravenous drug use, hepatitis C coinfection, lower baseline eGFR, female gender, lower CD4 count nadir, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) predicted CKD. The adjusted incidence rate ratios of these nine categorical variables were scaled and summed to create the risk score. The median risk score at baseline was −2 (interquartile range –4 to 2). There was a 1:393 chance of developing CKD in the next 5 y in the low risk group (risk score < 0, 33 events), rising to 1:47 and 1:6 in the medium (risk score 0–4, 103 events) and high risk groups (risk score ≥ 5, 505 events)
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- 2015
13. Nitrogen dioxide observations from the Geostationary Trace gas and Aerosol Sensor Optimization (GeoTASO) airborne instrument: retrieval algorithm and measurements during DISCOVER-AQ Texas 2013
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Nowlan, C. R., primary, Liu, X., additional, Leitch, J. W., additional, Chance, K., additional, González Abad, G., additional, Liu, C., additional, Zoogman, P., additional, Cole, J., additional, Delker, T., additional, Good, W., additional, Murcray, F., additional, Ruppert, L., additional, Soo, D., additional, Follette-Cook, M. B., additional, Janz, S. J., additional, Kowalewski, M. G., additional, Loughner, C. P., additional, Pickering, K. E., additional, Herman, J. R., additional, Beaver, M. R., additional, Long, R. W., additional, Szykman, J. J., additional, Judd, L. M., additional, Kelley, P., additional, Luke, W. T., additional, Ren, X., additional, and Al-Saadi, J. A., additional
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- 2015
- Full Text
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14. Validation of water vapour profiles from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
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Carleer, M. R., Boone, C. D., Walker, K. A., Bernath, P. F., Strong, K., Sica, R. J., Randall, C. E., Vömel, H., Kar, J., Höpfner, M., Milz, M., Von Clarmann, T., Kivi, R., Valverde-Canossa, J., Sioris, C. E., Izawa, M. R. M., Dupuy, E., Mcelroy, C. T., Drummond, J. R., Nowlan, C. R., Zou, J., Nichitiu, F., Lossow, S., Urban, Jakub, Murtagh, D., Dufour, D. G., Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy [London, ON], University of Western Ontario (UWO), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe and Universität Karlsruhe, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Universidad Nacional, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Department of Earth Sciences [London, ON], Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Department of Meteorology [Stockholm] (MISU), Stockholm University, Department of Radio and Space Science [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Picomole Instruments Inc., and EGU, Publication
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[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere ,[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere - Abstract
International audience; The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) mission was launched in August 2003 to sound the atmosphere by solar occultation. Water vapour (H2O), one of the most important molecules for climate and atmospheric chemistry, is one of the key species provided by the two principal instruments, the infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the MAESTRO UV-Visible spectrometer (ACE-MAESTRO). The first instrument performs measurements on several lines in the 1362?2137 cm?1 range, from which vertically resolved H2O concentration profiles are retrieved, from 7 to 90 km altitude. ACE-MAESTRO measures profiles using the water absorption band in the near infrared part of the spectrum at 926.0?969.7 nm. This paper presents a comprehensive validation of the ACE-FTS profiles. We have compared the H2O volume mixing ratio profiles with space-borne (SAGE II, HALOE, POAM III, MIPAS, SMR) observations and measurements from balloon-borne frostpoint hygrometers and a ground based lidar. We show that the ACE-FTS measurements provide H2O profiles with small retrieval uncertainties in the stratosphere (better than 5% from 15 to 70 km, gradually increasing above). The situation is unclear in the upper troposphere, due mainly to the high variability of the water vapour volume mixing ratio in this region. A new water vapour data product from the ACE-MAESTRO (Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation) is also presented and initial comparisons with ACE-FTS are discussed.
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- 2008
15. Validation of NO2 and NO from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
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Kerzenmacher, T., Wolff, M. A., Strong, K., Dupuy, E., Walker, K. A., Amekudzi, L. K., Batchelor, R. L., Bernath, P. F., Berthet, Gwenaël, Blumenstock, T., Boone, C. D., Bramstedt, K., Brogniez, C., Brohede, S., Burrows, J. P., Catoire, Valéry, Dodion, J., Drummond, J. R., Dufour, D. G., Funke, B., Fussen, D., Goutail, Florence, Griffith, D. W. T., Haley, C. S., Hendrick, F., Höpfner, M., Huret, Nathalie, Jones, N., Kar, J., Kramer, I., Llewellyn, E. J., López-Puertas, M., Manney, G., Mcelroy, C. T., Mclinden, C. A., Melo, S., Mikuteit, S., Murtagh, D., Nichitiu, F., Notholt, J., Nowlan, C., Piccolo, C., Pommereau, Jean-Pierre, Randall, C., Raspollini, P., Ridolfi, M., Richter, A., Schneider, M., Schrems, O., Silicani, M., Stiller, G. P., Taylor, James, Tétard, C., Toohey, M., Vanhellemont, F., Warneke, T., Zawodny, J. M., Zou, J., Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen, Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Radio and Space Science [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Picomole Instruments Inc., Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Chemistry [Wollongong], University of Wollongong [Australia], Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] (ISAS), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S)-University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Space Agency (CSA), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Boulder] (ATOC), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] ( IUP ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 ( LOA ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Service d'aéronomie ( SA ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Wollongong, Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] ( CRESS ), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] ( ISAS ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] ( NMT ), Canadian Space Agency ( CSA ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Boulder] ( ATOC ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research ( AWI ), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] ( LaRC ), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), and Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)
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lcsh:Chemistry ,[ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere ,[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,lcsh:Physics ,lcsh:QC1-999 - Abstract
Vertical profiles of NO2 and NO have been obtained from solar occultation measurements by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), using an infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and (for NO2) an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrometer, MAESTRO (Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation). In this paper, the quality of the ACE-FTS version 2.2 NO2 and NO and the MAESTRO version 1.2 NO2 data are assessed using other solar occultation measurements (HALOE, SAGE II, SAGE III, POAM III, SCIAMACHY), stellar occultation measurements (GOMOS), limb measurements (MIPAS, OSIRIS), nadir measurements (SCIAMACHY), balloon-borne measurements (SPIRALE, SAOZ) and ground-based measurements (UV-VIS, FTIR). Time differences between the comparison measurements were reduced using either a tight coincidence criterion, or where possible, chemical box models. ACE-FTS NO2 and NO and the MAESTRO NO2 are generally consistent with the correlative data. The ACE-FTS and MAESTRO NO2 volume mixing ratio (VMR) profiles agree with the profiles from other satellite data sets to within about 20% between 25 and 40 km, with the exception of MIPAS ESA (for ACE-FTS) and SAGE II (for ACE-FTS (sunrise) and MAESTRO) and suggest a negative bias between 23 and 40 km of about 10%. MAESTRO reports larger VMR values than the ACE-FTS. In comparisons with HALOE, ACE-FTS NO VMRs typically (on average) agree to ±8% from 22 to 64 km and to +10% from 93 to 105 km, with maxima of 21% and 36%, respectively. Partial column comparisons for NO2 show that there is quite good agreement between the ACE instruments and the FTIRs, with a mean difference of +7.3% for ACE-FTS and +12.8% for MAESTRO.
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- 2008
16. Validation of GOMOS-Envisat vertical profiles of O3, NO2, NO3, and aerosol extinction using balloon-borne instruments and analysis of the retrievals
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Bernath, P. F., Mcelroy, C. T., Abrams, M. C., Boone, C. D., Butler, M., Camy-Peyret, C., Carleer, M., Clerbaux, Cathy, Coheur, P.-F., Colin, R., De Cola, P., De Mazière, M., Drummond, J. R., Dufour, D., Evans, W. F. J., Fast, H., Fussen, D., Gilbert, K., Jennings, D. E., Llewellyn, E. J., Lowe, R. P., Mahieu, E., Mcconnell, J. C., Mchugh, M., Mcleod, S. D., Michaud, R., Midwinter, C., Nassar, R., Nichitiu, F., Nowlan, C., Rinsland, C. P., Rochon, Y. J., Rowlands, N., Semeniuk, K., Simon, P., Skelton, R., Sloan, J. J., Soucy, M.-A., Strong, K., Tremblay, P., Turnbull, D., Walker, K. A., Walkty, I., Wardle, D. A., Wehrle, V., Zander, R., Zou, J., Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Meteorological Service of Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada, FastMetrix Inc., Laboratoire de Physique moléculaire et applications (LPMA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Headquarters, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Peterborough], Trent University, Department of Physics and Astronomy [London, ON], University of Western Ontario (UWO), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering [York University - Toronto] (ESSE), York University [Toronto], GATS Inc., Canadian Space Agency (CSA), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), EMS Technologies Canada Ltd., ABB Bomem Inc., Département de génie électrique et de génie informatique (GEL-GIF), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Bristol Aerospace Ltd., and the European Space Agency (ESA), the French Space Agency (CNES) and the German Space Agency (DLR)
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[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph] ,[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] ,stratosphere ,Validation ,balloon - Abstract
The UV-visible Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS) instrument onboard Envisat performs nighttime measurements of ozone, NO2, NO3 and of the aerosol extinction, using the stellar occultation method. We have conducted a validation exercise using various balloon-borne instruments in different geophysical conditions from 2002 to 2006, using GOMOS measurements performed with stars of different magnitudes. GOMOS and balloon-borne vertical columns in the middle stratosphere are in excellent agreement for ozone and NO2. Some discrepancies can appear between GOMOS and balloon-borne vertical profiles for the altitude and the amplitude of the concentration maximum. These discrepancies are randomly distributed, and no bias is detected. The accuracy of individual profiles in the middle stratosphere is 10 % for ozone and 25 % for NO2. On the other hand, the GOMOS NO3 retrieval is difficult and no direct validation can be conducted. The GOMOS aerosol content is also well estimated, but the wavelength dependence can be better estimated if the aerosol retrieval is performed only in the visible domain. We can conclude that the GOMOS operational retrieval algorithm works well and that GOMOS has fully respected its primary objective for the study of the trends of species in the middle stratosphere, using the profiles in a statistical manner. Some individual profiles can be partly inaccurate, in particular in the lower stratosphere. Improvements could be obtained by reprocessing some GOMOS transmissions in case of specific studies in the middle and lower stratosphere when using the individual profiles.
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- 2008
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17. The GeoTASO airborne spectrometer project
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Leitch, J. W., additional, Delker, T., additional, Good, W., additional, Ruppert, L., additional, Murcray, F., additional, Chance, K., additional, Liu, X., additional, Nowlan, C., additional, Janz, S. J., additional, Krotkov, N. A., additional, Pickering, K. E., additional, Kowalewski, M., additional, and Wang, J., additional
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- 2014
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18. Global dry deposition of nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide inferred from space‐based measurements
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Nowlan, C. R., primary, Martin, R. V., additional, Philip, S., additional, Lamsal, L. N., additional, Krotkov, N. A., additional, Marais, E. A., additional, Wang, S., additional, and Zhang, Q., additional
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- 2014
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19. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
- Author
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Burrows, J. P., Christensen, T., Dupuy, E., Walker, K. A., Kar, J., Boone, C. D., McElroy, C. T., Bernath, P. F., Drummond, J. R., Skelton, R., McLeod, S. D., Hughes, R. C., Nowlan, C. R., Dufour, D. G., Zou, J., Nichitiu, F., Strong, K., Baron, P., Bevilacqua, R. M., Blumenstock, T., Bodeker, G. E., Borsdorff, T., Bourassa, A. E., Bovensmann, H., Boyd, I. S., Bracher, Astrid, Brogniez, C., Catoire, V., Ceccherini, S., Chabrillat, S., Coffey, M. T., Cortesi, U., Davies, J., De Clercq, C., Degenstein, D. A., De Maziere, M., Demoulin, P., Dodion, J., Firanski, B., Fischer, Hubertus, Forbes, G., Froidevaux, L., Fussen, D., Gerard, P., Godin-Beekmann, S., Goutail, F., Granville, J., Griffith, D., Haley, C. S., Hannigan, J. W., Höpfner, M., Jin, J. J., Jones, A., Jones, N. B., Jucks, K., Kagawa, A., Kasai, Y., Kerzenmacher, T. E., Kleinböhl, A., Klekociuk, A. R., Kramer, I., Küllmann, H., Kuttippurath, J., Kyrölä, E., Lambert, J. C., Livesey, N. J., Llewellyn, E. J., Lloyd, N. D., Mahieu, E., Manney, G. L., Marshall, B. T., McConnell, J. C., McCormick, M. P., McDermid, I. S., McHugh, M., McLinden, C. A., Mellqvist, J., Mizutani, K., Murayama, Y., Murtagh, D. P., Oelhaf, H., Parrish, A., Petelina, S. V., Piccolo, C., Pommereau, J.-P., Randall, C. E., Robert, C., Roth, C., Russell III, J. M., Schneider, M., Senten, C., Steck, T., Strandberg, A., Strawbridge, K. B., Sussmann, R., Swart, D. P. J., Tarasick, D. W., Taylor, James, Tétard, C., Thomason, L. W., Thompson, A. M., Tully, M. B., Urban, J., Vanhellemont, F., von Clarmann, T., von der Gathen, Peter, von Savigny, C., Waters, J. W., Witte, J. C., Wolff, Martha Maria, Zawodny, J. M., Burrows, J. P., Christensen, T., Dupuy, E., Walker, K. A., Kar, J., Boone, C. D., McElroy, C. T., Bernath, P. F., Drummond, J. R., Skelton, R., McLeod, S. D., Hughes, R. C., Nowlan, C. R., Dufour, D. G., Zou, J., Nichitiu, F., Strong, K., Baron, P., Bevilacqua, R. M., Blumenstock, T., Bodeker, G. E., Borsdorff, T., Bourassa, A. E., Bovensmann, H., Boyd, I. S., Bracher, Astrid, Brogniez, C., Catoire, V., Ceccherini, S., Chabrillat, S., Coffey, M. T., Cortesi, U., Davies, J., De Clercq, C., Degenstein, D. A., De Maziere, M., Demoulin, P., Dodion, J., Firanski, B., Fischer, Hubertus, Forbes, G., Froidevaux, L., Fussen, D., Gerard, P., Godin-Beekmann, S., Goutail, F., Granville, J., Griffith, D., Haley, C. S., Hannigan, J. W., Höpfner, M., Jin, J. J., Jones, A., Jones, N. B., Jucks, K., Kagawa, A., Kasai, Y., Kerzenmacher, T. E., Kleinböhl, A., Klekociuk, A. R., Kramer, I., Küllmann, H., Kuttippurath, J., Kyrölä, E., Lambert, J. C., Livesey, N. J., Llewellyn, E. J., Lloyd, N. D., Mahieu, E., Manney, G. L., Marshall, B. T., McConnell, J. C., McCormick, M. P., McDermid, I. S., McHugh, M., McLinden, C. A., Mellqvist, J., Mizutani, K., Murayama, Y., Murtagh, D. P., Oelhaf, H., Parrish, A., Petelina, S. V., Piccolo, C., Pommereau, J.-P., Randall, C. E., Robert, C., Roth, C., Russell III, J. M., Schneider, M., Senten, C., Steck, T., Strandberg, A., Strawbridge, K. B., Sussmann, R., Swart, D. P. J., Tarasick, D. W., Taylor, James, Tétard, C., Thomason, L. W., Thompson, A. M., Tully, M. B., Urban, J., Vanhellemont, F., von Clarmann, T., von der Gathen, Peter, von Savigny, C., Waters, J. W., Witte, J. C., Wolff, Martha Maria, and Zawodny, J. M.
- Abstract
This paper presents extensive {bias determination} analyses of ozone observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite instruments: the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (ACE-MAESTRO) instrument. Here we compare the latest ozone data products from ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO with coincident observations from nearly 20 satellite-borne, airborne, balloon-borne and ground-based instruments, by analysing volume mixing ratio profiles and partial column densities. The ACE-FTS version 2.2 Ozone Update product reports more ozone than most correlative measurements from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere. At altitude levels from 16 to 44 km, the average values of the mean relative differences are nearly all within +1 to +8%. At higher altitudes (4560 km), the ACE-FTS ozone amounts are significantly larger than those of the comparison instruments, with mean relative differences of up to +40% (about +20% on average). For the ACE-MAESTRO version 1.2 ozone data product, mean relative differences are within ±10% (average values within ±6%) between 18 and 40 km for both the sunrise and sunset measurements. At higher altitudes (~3555 km), systematic biases of opposite sign are found between the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise and sunset observations. While ozone amounts derived from the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise occultation data are often smaller than the coincident observations (with mean relative differences down to −10%), the sunset occultation profiles for ACE-MAESTRO show results that are qualitatively similar to ACE-FTS, indicating a large positive bias (mean relative differences within +10 to +30%) in the 4555 km altitude range. In contrast, there is no significant systematic difference in bias found for the ACE-FTS sunrise and sunset measurements.
- Published
- 2009
20. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
- Author
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Jones, Nicholas B, Griffith, David W, Wolff, M, Mahieu, E, Bodeker, G, Boyd, I, De Maziere, M, Demoulin, P, Blumenstock, T, Murayama, Y., Kagawa, A., Jin, J, McElroy, Christopher, Hannigan, J, Coffey, M, Hopfner, M, Fischer, H W, Kerzenmacher, T, Kramer, I, Mellqvist, J, Sussmann, R, Strong, K, Taylor, J R, Mizutani, K, Kasai, Y, Urban, J, Murtagh, D, Dupuy, E, Catoire, V, Chabrillat, S, Baron, P, Brogniez, C, Manney, G L, Piccolo, C, Randall, C, Robert, C, Senten, C, Tetard, C, Livesey, N J, Kleinbohl, A, Godin-Beekmann, S, Borsdorff, T, Drummond, James, De Clercq, C, Lambert, J C, Cortesi, U, Jucks, K W, Boone, C, Oelhaf, H, Schneider, M, Steck, T, Walker, K A, Bernath, P, von Clarmann, T, Hughes, R, Vigouroux, C, Kuttippurath, J, Bracher, A, McConnell, J, McLinden, C, Kullmann, H, Froidevaux, L, Dodion, J, Vanhellemont, F, Burrows, J P, kar, J, Goutail, F, Dufour, D G, Zawodny, J M, Nichitiu, F, Pommereau, J-P, Nowlan, C, Fussen, D, Zou, J, Klekociuk, A R, Forbes, G, Bovensmann, H, Bevilacqua, R M, Haley, C, Ceccherini, S, McLeod, S D, Gerard, P, Skelton, R, Firanski, B, Bourassa, A E, Degenstein, D A, Davies, J, Christensen, T, Granville, J, Parrish, A, Roth, C, Waters, J W, von Savigny, C, Standberg, A, McHugh, M, Thompson, A M, Llewellyn, E J, von der Gathen, P, Tully, M B, Witte, J C, Marshall, B T, Strawbridge, K B, Kyrola, E, McCormick, M P, Swart, D P J, Lloyd, N D, Tarasick, D W, Petelina, S V, Thomason, L W, Jones, A, McDermid, I S, Jones, Nicholas B, Griffith, David W, Wolff, M, Mahieu, E, Bodeker, G, Boyd, I, De Maziere, M, Demoulin, P, Blumenstock, T, Murayama, Y., Kagawa, A., Jin, J, McElroy, Christopher, Hannigan, J, Coffey, M, Hopfner, M, Fischer, H W, Kerzenmacher, T, Kramer, I, Mellqvist, J, Sussmann, R, Strong, K, Taylor, J R, Mizutani, K, Kasai, Y, Urban, J, Murtagh, D, Dupuy, E, Catoire, V, Chabrillat, S, Baron, P, Brogniez, C, Manney, G L, Piccolo, C, Randall, C, Robert, C, Senten, C, Tetard, C, Livesey, N J, Kleinbohl, A, Godin-Beekmann, S, Borsdorff, T, Drummond, James, De Clercq, C, Lambert, J C, Cortesi, U, Jucks, K W, Boone, C, Oelhaf, H, Schneider, M, Steck, T, Walker, K A, Bernath, P, von Clarmann, T, Hughes, R, Vigouroux, C, Kuttippurath, J, Bracher, A, McConnell, J, McLinden, C, Kullmann, H, Froidevaux, L, Dodion, J, Vanhellemont, F, Burrows, J P, kar, J, Goutail, F, Dufour, D G, Zawodny, J M, Nichitiu, F, Pommereau, J-P, Nowlan, C, Fussen, D, Zou, J, Klekociuk, A R, Forbes, G, Bovensmann, H, Bevilacqua, R M, Haley, C, Ceccherini, S, McLeod, S D, Gerard, P, Skelton, R, Firanski, B, Bourassa, A E, Degenstein, D A, Davies, J, Christensen, T, Granville, J, Parrish, A, Roth, C, Waters, J W, von Savigny, C, Standberg, A, McHugh, M, Thompson, A M, Llewellyn, E J, von der Gathen, P, Tully, M B, Witte, J C, Marshall, B T, Strawbridge, K B, Kyrola, E, McCormick, M P, Swart, D P J, Lloyd, N D, Tarasick, D W, Petelina, S V, Thomason, L W, Jones, A, and McDermid, I S
- Abstract
This paper presents extensive bias determination analyses of ozone observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite instruments: the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (ACE-MAESTRO) instrument. Here we compare the latest ozone data products from ACE-FTS and ACE-MAESTRO with coincident observations from nearly 20 satellite-borne, airborne, balloonborne and ground-based instruments, by analysing volume mixing ratio profiles and partial column densities. The ACEFTS version 2.2 Ozone Update product reports more ozone than most correlative measurements from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere. At altitude levels from 16 to 44 km, the average values of the mean relative differences are nearly all within +1 to +8%. At higher altitudes (45¿60 km), the ACE-FTS ozone amounts are significantly larger than those of the comparison instruments, with mean relative differences of up to +40% (about +20% on average). For the ACE-MAESTRO version 1.2 ozone data product, mean relative differences are within +10% (average values within +6%) between 18 and 40 km for both the sunrise and sunset measurements. At higher altitudes (35¿55 km), systematic biases of opposite sign are found between the ACEMAESTRO sunrise and sunset observations. While ozone amounts derived from the ACE-MAESTRO sunrise occultation data are often smaller than the coincident observations (with mean relative differences down to ¿10%), the sunset occultation profiles for ACE-MAESTRO show results that are qualitatively similar to ACE-FTS, indicating a large positive bias (mean relative differences within +10 to +30%) in the 45¿55 km altitude range. In contrast, there is no significant systematic difference in bias found for the ACE-FTS sunrise and sunset measurements.
- Published
- 2009
21. Validation of NO2 and NO from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
- Author
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Jones, Nicholas B, Griffith, David W, Wolff, M, Llewellyn, L, Blumenstock, T, McElroy, Christopher, Hopfner, M, Kerzenmacher, T, Kramer, I, Strong, K, Haley, Cassandra, Taylor, J R, Warneke, Thorsten, Murtagh, D, Dupuy, E, Catoire, V, Huret, N, Brogniez, C, Manney, G L, Piccolo, C, Randall, C, Tetard, C, Lopez-Puertas, M, Drummond, James, Boone, C, Funke, B, Schneider, M, Mikuteit, S, Stiller, G P, Walker, K A, Bernath, P, Schrems, O, Raspollini, P, McLinden, C, Brohede, S, Toohey, M, Ridolfi, M, Dodion, J, Vanhellemont, F, Batchelor, R L, Burrows, J P, kar, J, Amekudzi, L K, Melo, S, Goutail, F, Bramstedt, C, Dufour, D G, Silicani, M, Zawodny, J M, Richter, A, Berthet, G, Nichitiu, F, Pommereau, J-P, Nowlan, C, Fussen, D, Zou, J, Pakula, Irwin S, Notholt, Justus, Jones, Nicholas B, Griffith, David W, Wolff, M, Llewellyn, L, Blumenstock, T, McElroy, Christopher, Hopfner, M, Kerzenmacher, T, Kramer, I, Strong, K, Haley, Cassandra, Taylor, J R, Warneke, Thorsten, Murtagh, D, Dupuy, E, Catoire, V, Huret, N, Brogniez, C, Manney, G L, Piccolo, C, Randall, C, Tetard, C, Lopez-Puertas, M, Drummond, James, Boone, C, Funke, B, Schneider, M, Mikuteit, S, Stiller, G P, Walker, K A, Bernath, P, Schrems, O, Raspollini, P, McLinden, C, Brohede, S, Toohey, M, Ridolfi, M, Dodion, J, Vanhellemont, F, Batchelor, R L, Burrows, J P, kar, J, Amekudzi, L K, Melo, S, Goutail, F, Bramstedt, C, Dufour, D G, Silicani, M, Zawodny, J M, Richter, A, Berthet, G, Nichitiu, F, Pommereau, J-P, Nowlan, C, Fussen, D, Zou, J, Pakula, Irwin S, and Notholt, Justus
- Abstract
Vertical profiles of NO2 and NO have been obtained from solar occultation measurements by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), using an infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and (for NO2) an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrometer, MAESTRO (Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation). In this paper, the quality of the ACE-FTS version 2.2 NO2 and NO and the MAESTRO version 1.2 NO2 data are assessed using other solar occultation measurements (HALOE, SAGE II, SAGEIII, POAMIII, SCIAMACHY), stellar occultation measurements (GOMOS), limb measurements (MIPAS, OSIRIS), nadir measurements (SCIAMACHY), balloon-borne measurements (SPIRALE, SAOZ) and ground-based measurements (UV-VIS, FTIR). Time differences between the comparison measurements were reduced using either a tight coincidence criterion, or where possible, chemical box models. ACE-FTS NO2 and NO and the MAESTRO NO2 are generally consistent with the correlative data. The ACE-FTS and MAESTRO NO2 volume mixing ratio (VMR) profiles agree with the profiles from other satellite data sets to within about 20% between 25 and 40 km, with the exception of MIPAS ESA (for ACE-FTS) and SAGEII (for ACE-FTS (sunrise) and MAESTRO) and suggest a negative bias between 23 and 40 km of about 10%. MAESTRO reports larger VMR values than the ACE-FTS. In comparisons with HALOE, ACE-FTS NO VMRs typically (on average) agree to ±8% from 22 to 64 km and to +10% from 93 to 105 km, with maxima of 21% and 36%, respectively. Partial column comparisons for NO2 show that there is quite good agreement between the ACE instruments and the FTIRs, with a mean difference of +7.3% for ACEFTS and +12.8% for MAESTRO.
- Published
- 2008
22. Application of OMI, SCIAMACHY, and GOME-2 satellite SO2retrievals for detection of large emission sources
- Author
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Fioletov, V. E., primary, McLinden, C. A., additional, Krotkov, N., additional, Yang, K., additional, Loyola, D. G., additional, Valks, P., additional, Theys, N., additional, Van Roozendael, M., additional, Nowlan, C. R., additional, Chance, K., additional, Liu, X., additional, Lee, C., additional, and Martin, R. V., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Retrievals of sulfur dioxide from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 2 (GOME-2) using an optimal estimation approach: Algorithm and initial validation
- Author
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Nowlan, C. R., primary, Liu, X., additional, Chance, K., additional, Cai, Z., additional, Kurosu, T. P., additional, Lee, C., additional, and Martin, R. V., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
- Author
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Dupuy, E., primary, Walker, K. A., additional, Kar, J., additional, Boone, C. D., additional, McElroy, C. T., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, Drummond, J. R., additional, Skelton, R., additional, McLeod, S. D., additional, Hughes, R. C., additional, Nowlan, C. R., additional, Dufour, D. G., additional, Zou, J., additional, Nichitiu, F., additional, Strong, K., additional, Baron, P., additional, Bevilacqua, R. M., additional, Blumenstock, T., additional, Bodeker, G. E., additional, Borsdorff, T., additional, Bourassa, A. E., additional, Bovensmann, H., additional, Boyd, I. S., additional, Bracher, A., additional, Brogniez, C., additional, Burrows, J. P., additional, Catoire, V., additional, Ceccherini, S., additional, Chabrillat, S., additional, Christensen, T., additional, Coffey, M. T., additional, Cortesi, U., additional, Davies, J., additional, De Clercq, C., additional, Degenstein, D. A., additional, De Mazière, M., additional, Demoulin, P., additional, Dodion, J., additional, Firanski, B., additional, Fischer, H., additional, Forbes, G., additional, Froidevaux, L., additional, Fussen, D., additional, Gerard, P., additional, Godin-Beekmann, S., additional, Goutail, F., additional, Granville, J., additional, Griffith, D., additional, Haley, C. S., additional, Hannigan, J. W., additional, Höpfner, M., additional, Jin, J. J., additional, Jones, A., additional, Jones, N. B., additional, Jucks, K., additional, Kagawa, A., additional, Kasai, Y., additional, Kerzenmacher, T. E., additional, Kleinböhl, A., additional, Klekociuk, A. R., additional, Kramer, I., additional, Küllmann, H., additional, Kuttippurath, J., additional, Kyrölä, E., additional, Lambert, J.-C., additional, Livesey, N. J., additional, Llewellyn, E. J., additional, Lloyd, N. D., additional, Mahieu, E., additional, Manney, G. L., additional, Marshall, B. T., additional, McConnell, J. C., additional, McCormick, M. P., additional, McDermid, I. S., additional, McHugh, M., additional, McLinden, C. A., additional, Mellqvist, J., additional, Mizutani, K., additional, Murayama, Y., additional, Murtagh, D. P., additional, Oelhaf, H., additional, Parrish, A., additional, Petelina, S. V., additional, Piccolo, C., additional, Pommereau, J.-P., additional, Randall, C. E., additional, Robert, C., additional, Roth, C., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Senten, C., additional, Steck, T., additional, Strandberg, A., additional, Strawbridge, K. B., additional, Sussmann, R., additional, Swart, D. P. J., additional, Tarasick, D. W., additional, Taylor, J. R., additional, Tétard, C., additional, Thomason, L. W., additional, Thompson, A. M., additional, Tully, M. B., additional, Urban, J., additional, Vanhellemont, F., additional, Vigouroux, C., additional, von Clarmann, T., additional, von der Gathen, P., additional, von Savigny, C., additional, Waters, J. W., additional, Witte, J. C., additional, Wolff, M., additional, and Zawodny, J. M., additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Validation of NO<sub>2</sub> and NO from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
- Author
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Kerzenmacher, T., primary, Wolff, M. A., additional, Strong, K., additional, Dupuy, E., additional, Walker, K. A., additional, Amekudzi, L. K., additional, Batchelor, R. L., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, Berthet, G., additional, Blumenstock, T., additional, Boone, C. D., additional, Bramstedt, K., additional, Brogniez, C., additional, Brohede, S., additional, Burrows, J. P., additional, Catoire, V., additional, Dodion, J., additional, Drummond, J. R., additional, Dufour, D. G., additional, Funke, B., additional, Fussen, D., additional, Goutail, F., additional, Griffith, D. W. T., additional, Haley, C. S., additional, Hendrick, F., additional, Höpfner, M., additional, Huret, N., additional, Jones, N., additional, Kar, J., additional, Kramer, I., additional, Llewellyn, E. J., additional, López-Puertas, M., additional, Manney, G., additional, McElroy, C. T., additional, McLinden, C. A., additional, Melo, S., additional, Mikuteit, S., additional, Murtagh, D., additional, Nichitiu, F., additional, Notholt, J., additional, Nowlan, C., additional, Piccolo, C., additional, Pommereau, J.-P., additional, Randall, C., additional, Raspollini, P., additional, Ridolfi, M., additional, Richter, A., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Schrems, O., additional, Silicani, M., additional, Stiller, G. P., additional, Taylor, J., additional, Tétard, C., additional, Toohey, M., additional, Vanhellemont, F., additional, Warneke, T., additional, Zawodny, J. M., additional, and Zou, J., additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Intercomparison of UV-visible measurements of ozone and NO<sub>2</sub> during the Canadian Arctic ACE validation campaigns: 2004–2006
- Author
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Fraser, A., primary, Goutail, F., additional, Strong, K., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, Boone, C., additional, Daffer, W. H., additional, Drummond, J. R., additional, Dufour, D. G., additional, Kerzenmacher, T. E., additional, Manney, G. L., additional, McElroy, C. T., additional, Midwinter, C., additional, McLinden, C. A., additional, Nichitiu, F., additional, Nowlan, C. R., additional, Walker, J., additional, Walker, K. A., additional, Wu, H., additional, and Zou, J., additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Validation of water vapour profiles from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
- Author
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Carleer, M. R., primary, Boone, C. D., additional, Walker, K. A., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, Strong, K., additional, Sica, R. J., additional, Randall, C. E., additional, Vömel, H., additional, Kar, J., additional, Höpfner, M., additional, Milz, M., additional, von Clarmann, T., additional, Kivi, R., additional, Valverde-Canossa, J., additional, Sioris, C. E., additional, Izawa, M. R. M., additional, Dupuy, E., additional, McElroy, C. T., additional, Drummond, J. R., additional, Nowlan, C. R., additional, Zou, J., additional, Nichitiu, F., additional, Lossow, S., additional, Urban, J., additional, Murtagh, D., additional, and Dufour, D. G., additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
- Author
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Dupuy, E., primary, Walker, K. A., additional, Kar, J., additional, Boone, C. D., additional, McElroy, C. T., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, Drummond, J. R., additional, Skelton, R., additional, McLeod, S. D., additional, Hughes, R. C., additional, Nowlan, C. R., additional, Dufour, D. G., additional, Zou, J., additional, Nichitiu, F., additional, Strong, K., additional, Baron, P., additional, Bevilacqua, R. M., additional, Blumenstock, T., additional, Bodeker, G. E., additional, Borsdorff, T., additional, Bourassa, A. E., additional, Bovensmann, H., additional, Boyd, I. S., additional, Bracher, A., additional, Brogniez, C., additional, Burrows, J. P., additional, Catoire, V., additional, Ceccherini, S., additional, Chabrillat, S., additional, Christensen, T., additional, Coffey, M. T., additional, Cortesi, U., additional, Davies, J., additional, De Clercq, C., additional, Degenstein, D. A., additional, De Mazière, M., additional, Demoulin, P., additional, Dodion, J., additional, Firanski, B., additional, Fischer, H., additional, Forbes, G., additional, Froidevaux, L., additional, Fussen, D., additional, Gerard, P., additional, Godin-Beekman, S., additional, Goutail, F., additional, Granville, J., additional, Griffith, D., additional, Haley, C. S., additional, Hannigan, J. W., additional, Höpfner, M., additional, Jin, J. J., additional, Jones, A., additional, Jones, N. B., additional, Jucks, K., additional, Kagawa, A., additional, Kasai, Y., additional, Kerzenmacher, T. E., additional, Kleinböhl, A., additional, Klekociuk, A. R., additional, Kramer, I., additional, Küllmann, H., additional, Kuttippurath, J., additional, Kyrölä, E., additional, Lambert, J.-C., additional, Livesey, N. J., additional, Llewellyn, E. J., additional, Lloyd, N. D., additional, Mahieu, E., additional, Manney, G. L., additional, Marshall, B. T., additional, McConnell, J. C., additional, McCormick, M. P., additional, McDermid, I. S., additional, McHugh, M., additional, McLinden, C. A., additional, Mellqvist, J., additional, Mizutani, K., additional, Murayama, Y., additional, Murtagh, D. P., additional, Oelhaf, H., additional, Parrish, A., additional, Petelina, S. V., additional, Piccolo, C., additional, Pommereau, J.-P., additional, Randall, C. E., additional, Robert, C., additional, Roth, C., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Senten, C., additional, Steck, T., additional, Strandberg, A., additional, Strawbridge, K. B., additional, Sussmann, R., additional, Swart, D. P. J., additional, Tarasick, D. W., additional, Taylor, J. R., additional, Tétard, C., additional, Thomason, L. W., additional, Thompson, A. M., additional, Tully, M. B., additional, Urban, J., additional, Vanhellemont, F., additional, von Clarmann, T., additional, von der Gathen, P., additional, von Savigny, C., additional, Waters, J. W., additional, Witte, J. C., additional, Wolff, M., additional, and Zawodny, J. M., additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Intercomparison of UV-visible measurements of ozone and NO2 during the Canadian Arctic ACE validation campaigns: 2004–2006
- Author
-
Fraser, A., primary, Goutail, F., additional, Strong, K., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, Boone, C., additional, Daffer, W. H., additional, Drummond, J. R., additional, Dufour, D. G., additional, Kerzenmacher, T. E., additional, Manney, G. L., additional, McElroy, C. T., additional, Midwinter, C., additional, McLinden, C. A., additional, Nichitiu, F., additional, Nowlan, C. R., additional, Walker, J., additional, Walker, K. A., additional, Wu, H., additional, and Zou, J., additional
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. MANTRA ‐ A Balloon Mission to Study the Odd‐Nitrogen Budget of the Stratosphere
- Author
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Strong, K., primary, Bailak, G., additional, Barton, D., additional, Bassford, M.R., additional, Blatherwick, R.D., additional, Brown, S., additional, Chartrand, D., additional, Davies, J., additional, Drummond, James R., additional, Fogal, P.F., additional, Forsberg, E., additional, Hall, R., additional, Jofre, A., additional, Kaminski, J., additional, Kosters, J., additional, Laurin, C., additional, McConnell, J.C., additional, McElroy, C.T., additional, McLinden, C.A., additional, Melo, S.M.L., additional, Menzies, K., additional, Midwinter, C., additional, Murcray, F.J., additional, Nowlan, C., additional, Olson, J.R, additional, Quine, B.M., additional, Rochon, Y., additional, Savastiouk, V., additional, Solheim, B., additional, Sommerfeldt, D., additional, Ullberg, A., additional, Werchohlad, S., additional, Wu, H., additional, and Wunch, D., additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Observation of the 4f 3dσ transition of the ArH molecule
- Author
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Nowlan, C R, primary, Tokaryk, D W, additional, and Watson, J KG, additional
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Application of OMI, SCIAMACHY, and GOME-2 satellite SO2 retrievals for detection of large emission sources.
- Author
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Fioletov, V. E., McLinden, C. A., Krotkov, N., Yang, K., Loyola, D. G., Valks, P., Theys, N., Van Roozendael, M., Nowlan, C. R., Chance, K., Liu, X., Lee, C., and Martin, R. V.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Intercomparison of UV-visible measurements of ozone and NO2 during the Canadian Arctic ACE validation campaigns: 2004-2006.
- Author
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Fraser, A., Goutail, F., Strong, K., Bernath, P. F., Boone, C., Daffer, W. H., Drummond, J. R., Dufour, D. G., Kerzenmacher, T. E., Manney, G. L., McElroy, C. T., Midwinter, C., McLinden, C. A., Nichitiu, F., Nowlan, C. R., Walker, J., Walker, K. A., Wu, H., and Zou, J.
- Abstract
The first three Canadian Arctic ACE validation campaigns were held during polar sunrise at Eureka, Nunavut, Canada (80° N, 86° W) from 2004 to 2006 in support of validation of the ACE (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment) satellite mission. Three or four 5 zenith-sky viewing UV-visible spectrometers have taken part in each of the three campaigns. The differential slant column densities and vertical column densities from these instruments have been compared following the methods of the UV-visible Working Group of the NDACC (Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change). The instruments are found to partially agree within the required accuracies for both species, although both the vertical and slant column densities are more scattered than required. This might be expected given the spatial and temporal variability of the Arctic stratosphere in spring. The vertical column densities are also compared to integrated total columns from ozonesondes and integrated partial columns from the ACE-FTS (ACE-Fourier Transform Spectrometer) and ACE-MAESTRO (ACE-Measurements of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation) instruments on board ACE. For both species, the columns from the ground-based instruments and the ozonesondes are found to generally agree within their combined error bars. The ACE-FTS ozone partial columns and the ground-based total columns agree within 4.5%, averaged over the three campaigns. The ACE-MAESTRO ozone partial columns are generally smaller than those of the ground-based instruments, by an average of 9.9%, and are smaller than the ACE-FTS columns by an average of 14.4%. The ACE-FTS NO
2 partial columns are an average of 13.4% smaller than the total columns from the ground-based instruments, as expected. The ACE-MAESTRO NO2 partial columns are larger than the total columns of the ground-based instruments by an average of 2.5% and larger than the partial columns of the ACE-FTS by an average of 15.5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The GeoTASO airborne spectrometer project
- Author
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Butler, James J., Xiong, Xiaoxiong (Jack), Gu, Xingfa, Leitch, J. W., Delker, T., Good, W., Ruppert, L., Murcray, F., Chance, K., Liu, X., Nowlan, C., Janz, S. J., Krotkov, N. A., Pickering, K. E., Kowalewski, M., and Wang, J.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Validation of NO2 and NO from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
- Author
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Kerzenmacher, T., Wolff, M. A., Strong, K., Dupuy, E., Walker, K. A., Amekudzi, L. K., Batchelor, R. L., Bernath, P. F., Berthet, G., Blumenstock, T., Boone, C. D., Bramstedt, K., Brogniez, C., Brohede, S., John Philip Burrows, Catoire, V., Dodion, J., Drummond, J. R., Dufour, D. G., Funke, B., Fussen, D., Goutail, F., Griffith, D. W. T., Haley, C. S., Hendrick, F., Höpfner, M., Huret, N., Jones, N., Kar, J., Kramer, I., Llewellyn, E. J., López-Puertas, M., Manney, G., Mcelroy, C. T., Mclinden, C. A., Melo, S., Mikuteit, S., Murtagh, D., Nichitiu, F., Notholt, J., Nowlan, C., Piccolo, C., Pommereau, J. -P, Randall, C., Raspollini, P., Ridolfi, M., Richter, A., Schneider, M., Schrems, O., Silicani, M., Stiller, G. P., Taylor, J., Tétard, C., Toohey, M., Vanhellemont, F., Warneke, T., Zawodny, J. M., and Zou, J.
36. Measurement of iodine monoxide from GOME-2
- Author
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Alonso, I., Cuevas, C. A., Kurosu, T. P., Nowlan, C., Chance, K., and Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
37. Intercomparison of UV-visible measurements of ozone and NO2 during the Canadian Arctic ACE validation campaigns: 2004–2006
- Author
-
Department of Physics ; Department of Physics, Service d'aéronomie (SA) ; CNRS - INSU - Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) - Paris VI, Department of Chemistry ; Department of Chemistry, Columbus Technologies and Services Inc. ; Columbus Technologies and Services Inc., Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science ; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Picomole Instruments Inc. ; Picomole Instruments Inc., Jet Propulsion Laboratory ; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology ; New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Environment Canada ; Environment Canada, Fraser, A., Goutail, F., Strong, K., Bernath, P. F., Boone, C., Daffer, W. H., Drummond, J. R., Dufour, D. G., Kerzenmacher, T. E., Manney, G. L., Mcelroy, C. T., Midwinter, C., Mclinden, C. A., Nichitiu, F., Nowlan, C. R., Walker, J., Walker, K. A., Wu, H., Zou, J., Department of Physics ; Department of Physics, Service d'aéronomie (SA) ; CNRS - INSU - Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) - Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) - Paris VI, Department of Chemistry ; Department of Chemistry, Columbus Technologies and Services Inc. ; Columbus Technologies and Services Inc., Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science ; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Picomole Instruments Inc. ; Picomole Instruments Inc., Jet Propulsion Laboratory ; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology ; New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Environment Canada ; Environment Canada, Fraser, A., Goutail, F., Strong, K., Bernath, P. F., Boone, C., Daffer, W. H., Drummond, J. R., Dufour, D. G., Kerzenmacher, T. E., Manney, G. L., Mcelroy, C. T., Midwinter, C., Mclinden, C. A., Nichitiu, F., Nowlan, C. R., Walker, J., Walker, K. A., Wu, H., and Zou, J.
- Abstract
International audience, The first three Canadian Arctic ACE validation campaigns were held during polar sunrise at Eureka, Nunavut, Canada (80° N, 86° W) from 2004 to 2006 in support of validation of the ACE (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment) satellite mission. Three or four zenith-sky viewing UV-visible spectrometers have taken part in each of the three campaigns. The differential slant column densities and vertical column densities from these instruments have been compared following the methods of the UV-visible Working Group of the NDACC (Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change). The instruments are found to partially agree within the required accuracies for both species, although both the vertical and slant column densities are more scattered than required. This might be expected given the spatial and temporal variability of the Arctic stratosphere in spring. The vertical column densities are also compared to integrated total columns from ozonesondes and integrated partial columns from the ACE-FTS (ACE-Fourier Transform Spectrometer) and ACE-MAESTRO (ACE-Measurements of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation) instruments on board ACE. For both species, the columns from the ground-based instruments and the ozonesondes are found to generally agree within their combined error bars. The ACE-FTS ozone partial columns and the ground-based total columns agree within 4.5%, averaged over the three campaigns. The ACE-MAESTRO ozone partial columns are generally smaller than those of the ground-based instruments, by an average of 9.9%, and are smaller than the ACE-FTS columns by an average of 14.4%. The ACE-FTS NO2 partial columns are an average of 13.4% smaller than the total columns from the ground-based instruments, as expected. The ACE-MAESTRO NO2 partial columns are larger than the total columns of the ground-based instruments by an average of 2.5% and larger than the partial columns of the ACE-FTS by an average of
38. Retrieval of stratospheric NO/sub 2/ vertical profiles from ground-based measurements at Vanscoy, Saskatchewan
- Author
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Melo, S.M.L., primary, Strong, K., additional, Farahani, E., additional, Bassford, M.R., additional, Preston, K.E., additional, McElroy, C.T., additional, Rozanov, E.V., additional, Egorova, T., additional, and Nowlan, C., additional
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Retrieval of stratospheric NO2 vertical profiles from ground-based measurements at Vanscoy, Saskatchewan.
- Author
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Melo, S.M.L., Strong, K., Farahani, E., Bassford, M.R., Preston, K.E., McElroy, C.T., Rozanov, E.V., Egorova, T., and Nowlan, C.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Tales from the 2SLGBTQ+ family medicine community and supporters.
- Author
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Lanteigne PM, Burgess A, and Nowlan C
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Countering countertransference.
- Author
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Nowlan C
- Subjects
- Dementia therapy, Humans, Nursing Homes, Physician-Patient Relations, Countertransference, Dementia psychology
- Published
- 2018
42. Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO).
- Author
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Zoogman P, Liu X, Suleiman RM, Pennington WF, Flittner DE, Al-Saadi JA, Hilton BB, Nicks DK, Newchurch MJ, Carr JL, Janz SJ, Andraschko MR, Arola A, Baker BD, Canova BP, Chan Miller C, Cohen RC, Davis JE, Dussault ME, Edwards DP, Fishman J, Ghulam A, González Abad G, Grutter M, Herman JR, Houck J, Jacob DJ, Joiner J, Kerridge BJ, Kim J, Krotkov NA, Lamsal L, Li C, Lindfors A, Martin RV, McElroy CT, McLinden C, Natraj V, Neil DO, Nowlan CR, O'Sullivan EJ, Palmer PI, Pierce RB, Pippin MR, Saiz-Lopez A, Spurr RJD, Szykman JJ, Torres O, Veefkind JP, Veihelmann B, Wang H, Wang J, and Chance K
- Abstract
TEMPO was selected in 2012 by NASA as the first Earth Venture Instrument, for launch between 2018 and 2021. It will measure atmospheric pollution for greater North America from space using ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy. TEMPO observes from Mexico City, Cuba, and the Bahamas to the Canadian oil sands, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific, hourly and at high spatial resolution (~2.1 km N/S×4.4 km E/W at 36.5°N, 100°W). TEMPO provides a tropospheric measurement suite that includes the key elements of tropospheric air pollution chemistry, as well as contributing to carbon cycle knowledge. Measurements are made hourly from geostationary (GEO) orbit, to capture the high variability present in the diurnal cycle of emissions and chemistry that are unobservable from current low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites that measure once per day. The small product spatial footprint resolves pollution sources at sub-urban scale. Together, this temporal and spatial resolution improves emission inventories, monitors population exposure, and enables effective emission-control strategies. TEMPO takes advantage of a commercial GEO host spacecraft to provide a modest cost mission that measures the spectra required to retrieve ozone (O
3 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO2 ), formaldehyde (H2 CO), glyoxal (C2 H2 O2 ), bromine monoxide (BrO), IO (iodine monoxide),water vapor, aerosols, cloud parameters, ultraviolet radiation, and foliage properties. TEMPO thus measures the major elements, directly or by proxy, in the tropospheric O3 chemistry cycle. Multi-spectral observations provide sensitivity to O3 in the lowermost troposphere, substantially reducing uncertainty in air quality predictions. TEMPO quantifies and tracks the evolution of aerosol loading. It provides these near-real-time air quality products that will be made publicly available. TEMPO will launch at a prime time to be the North American component of the global geostationary constellation of pollution monitoring together with the European Sentinel-4 (S4) and Korean Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) instruments.- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Resolution of chiral phosphate, phosphonate, and phosphinate esters by an enantioselective enzyme library.
- Author
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Nowlan C, Li Y, Hermann JC, Evans T, Carpenter J, Ghanem E, Shoichet BK, and Raushel FM
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Substitution, Binding Sites, Catalysis, Computer-Aided Design, Hydrolysis, Kinetics, Models, Molecular, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Stereoisomerism, Substrate Specificity, Bacterial Proteins chemistry, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Bacterial Proteins metabolism, Esters chemistry, Organophosphonates chemistry, Phosphates chemistry, Phosphoric Triester Hydrolases chemistry, Phosphoric Triester Hydrolases genetics, Phosphoric Triester Hydrolases metabolism
- Abstract
An array of 16 enantiomeric pairs of chiral phosphate, phosphonate, and phosphinate esters was used to establish the breadth of the stereoselective discrimination inherent within the bacterial phosphotriesterase and 15 mutant enzymes. For each substrate, the leaving group was 4-hydroxyacetophenone while the other two groups attached to the phosphorus core consisted of an asymmetric mixture of methyl, methoxy, ethyl, ethoxy, isopropoxy, phenyl, phenoxy, cyclohexyl, and cyclohexoxy substituents. For the wild-type enzyme, the relative rates of hydrolysis for the two enantiomers ranged from 3 to 5.4 x 10(5). Various combinations of site-specific mutations within the active site were used to create modified enzymes with alterations in their enantioselective properties. For the single-site mutant enzyme, G60A, the stereoselectivity is enhanced relative to that of the wild-type enzyme by 1-3 orders of magnitude. Additional mutants were obtained where the stereoselectivity is inverted relative to the wild-type enzyme for 13 of the 16 pairs of enantiomers tested for this investigation. The most dramatic example was obtained for the hydrolysis of 4-acetylphenyl methyl phenyl phosphate. The G60A mutant preferentially hydrolyzes the SP-enantiomer by a factor of 3.7 x 10(5). The I106G/F132G/H257Y mutant preferentially hydrolyzes the RP-enantiomer by a factor of 9.7 x 10(2). This represents an enantioselective discrimination of 3.6 x 10(8) between these two mutants, with a total of only four amino acid changes. The rate differential between the two enantiomers for any given mutant enzyme is postulated to be governed by the degree of nonproductive binding within the enzyme active site and stabilization of the transition state. This hypothesis is supported by computational docking of the high-energy, pentavalent form of the substrates to modeled structures of the mutant enzyme; the energies of the docked transition-state analogues qualitatively capture the enantiomeric preferences of the various mutants for the different substrates. These results demonstrate that the catalytic properties of the wild-type phosphotriesterase can be exploited for the kinetic resolution of a wide range of phosphate, phosphonate, and phosphinate esters and that the active site of this enzyme is remarkably amenable to structural perturbations via amino acid substitution.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Simultaneous measurements of visible (400-700 nm) and infrared (3.4 microm) NO(2) absorption.
- Author
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Dufour DG, Drummond JR, McElroy CT, Midwinter C, Bernath PF, Walker KA, and Nowlan C
- Abstract
Laboratory measurements of NO(2) absorption were obtained in the visible (400-700 nm) and mid-infrared (3.4 mum) regions simultaneously using SCISAT-1's ACE-FTS (atmospheric chemistry experiment-Fourier transform spectrometer) and MAESTRO (measurement of aerosol extinction in the stratosphere and troposphere retrieved by occultation) spectrometers. An intercomparison of these measurements was used to verify the consistency between the HITRAN 2004 3.4-mum band strengths and the strengths of three different visible cross section data sets. These measurements should be of interest to the remote-sensing community, since NO(2) measurements obtained by infrared-range instruments are often compared to those obtained by visible-range instruments without accurate knowledge of the consistency between the visible and infrared absorption coefficients. Two significant results were obtained in this study: (1) A 0.5% agreement was found between the HITRAN 2004 line strengths and the Vandaele et al. (Vandaele, A. C.; Hermans, C.; Fally, S.; Carleer, M.; Colin, R.; Mérienne, M.-F.; Jenouvrier, A.; Coquart, B. J. Geophys. Res. 2002, 107 (D18), 4348) temperature-corrected cross sections, and (2) the mean pressure-broadened half-width of NO(2) by NO in the 3.4-mum band was measured as being 0.096 +/- 0.001 cm(-1) atm(-1). The latter finding is thought to be unreported by the literature.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Intercomparison of simultaneously obtained infrared (4.8 microm) and visible (515-715 nm) ozone spectra using ACE-FTS and MAESTRO.
- Author
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Dufour DG, Drummond JR, McElroy CT, Midwinter C, Bernath PF, Walker KA, Evans WF, Puckrin E, and Nowlan C
- Abstract
Laboratory ozone absorption spectra were measured simultaneously in the visible (515-715 nm) and infrared (2070-2140 cm(-1)) spectral regions using SCISAT-1's MAESTRO (Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation) and ACE-FTS (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment-Fourier Transform Spectrometer) spectrometers. An intercomparison of these measurements was used to assess the relative accuracy of HITRAN absolute line strengths, for which there was a 4% change between the 2000 and 2004 versions. Results reported here show that Chappuis band cross section strengths are more consistent with the HITRAN 2004 4.8 microm band line strengths than with the 2000 compilation.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Short report: ibuprofen versus glucosamine sulfate. Treating osteoarthritis pain.
- Author
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Nowlan C and Wetmore S
- Subjects
- Administration, Oral, Aged, Double-Blind Method, Female, Glucosamine, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pain etiology, Treatment Outcome, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal administration & dosage, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal therapeutic use, Ibuprofen administration & dosage, Ibuprofen therapeutic use, Osteoarthritis complications, Pain drug therapy
- Published
- 2003
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