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Instrumentation and Control Systems for Nuclear Power Plants provides the latest innovative research onthe design of effective modern I&C systems for both existing and newly commissioned plants, along withinformation on system implementation. Dr. Cappelli and his team of expert contributors cover fundamentals,explore the most advanced research in control systems technology, and tackle topics such as the human–machine interface, control room redesign, and control modeling. The inclusion of codes and standards,inspection procedures, and regulatory issues ensure that the reader can confidently design their own I&Csystems and integrate them into existing nuclear sites and projects. - Covers various viewpoints, including theory, modeling, design and applications of I&C systems - Includes codes and standards, inspection procedures and regulatory issues - Combines engineering and physics aspects in one thorough resource, presenting human factors, modeling and HMI together for the first time - Instrumentation and Control Systems for Nuclear Power Plants highlights the key role nuclear energy plays in the transition to a lower-carbon energy mix

Safety, reliability, and productivity in the nuclear industry result from a systematic consideration of human performance. A plant or other facility consists of both the engineered system and the human users of that system. It is therefore crucial that engineering activities consider the humans who will be interacting with those systems. Engineering design, specifically instrumentation and control (I&C) design, can influence human performance by driving how plant personnel carry out work and respond to events within a nuclear power plant. As a result, human–system interfaces (HSIs) for plant operators as well as the maintenance and testing of the I&C system cannot be designed by isolated disciplines. The focus of this publication is to integrate knowledge from the disciplines of human factors engineering (HFE) and I&C to emphasize an interdisciplinary approach for the design of better HSIs and consequently improved human performance in nuclear power plants. This is accomplished by practical explanations of the HFE processes and corresponding outputs that inform the I&C development. More specifically, the publication addresses issues in the design process where collaboration between HFE, I&C and other important disciplines and stakeholders is paramount and identifies key tools and tasks for exchanging inputs and outputs between different design disciplines, particularly I&C and HFE. The practical information provided in this publication is intended to support Member States'capabilities to improve their approach to I&C through the consideration of HFE.

The transition to digital technology has changed the nature of instrumentation and control (l&C) systems by enabling extensive interconnection of reprogrammable, functionally interdependent I&C systems. This development has made computer security a necessary element for consideration in I&C system design. The benefits and challenges of the various computer security methods and controls with their implementation in nuclear power plant I&C systems are discussed and described in this publication. The publication provides an overview of current knowledge, up to date good practices, experience, and benefits and challenges related to the application of computer security measures. The publication defines the key concepts for computer security for I&C systems at nuclear facilities, explains the risk informed approach to computer security and describes how computer security measures are applied throughout the l&C system life cycle. Situations where I&C systems are interconnected with enterprise management systems are also addressed. The three appendices present case studies with practical application examples.

This publication summarizes the results of an IAEA coordinated research project on the application of wireless technologies in the nuclear industry. It provides an overview of the current knowledge, existing practices, operating experiences and benefits and challenges related to the use of the technology in instrumentation and control systems of nuclear facilities. The research areas covered were codes, standards and regulatory guides; wireless technologies for nuclear applications; practices, experience, lessons learned; potential wireless applications; and emerging technologies and challenges. The main part of the publication contains information derived from the results achieved in each research area. The annexes include supporting information and selected details of the research work that was performed. The information provided in this publication supports Member States'capabilities in the design, development, implementation, operation and, as necessary, licensing of wireless technologies in the nuclear industry.

'This book evaluates the risks inherent to nuclear power and methods of preventing accidents through computer control systems and other such emerging technologies. Students and scholars as well as operators and designers will find useful insight into the latest security technologies with the potential to make the future of nuclear energy clean, safe, and reliable'--Provided by publisher.

This book is written for the instrumentation and control engineers, technicians, and managers in nuclear power plants. It focuses on process temperature and pressure sensors and the veri?cation of these sensors'calibration and response time. It also provides examples of typical problems and solutions with temperature and pressure measurements in nuclear power plants. Contents 1 Introduction................................................. 1 1. 1 Reference Plant............................................ 1 1. 2 On-Line Monitoring of Process Instruments Calibration.......... 3 1. 3 Dynamic Testing of Pressure Transmitters and Sensing Lines...... 3 1. 4 On-Line Detection of Venturi Fouling.......................... 6 1. 5 Measuring the Vibration of Reactor Internals.................... 8 1. 6 Detecting Core Flow Anomalies.............................. 10 1. 7 CANDU Reactor Applications................................ 10 1. 8 In-Situ Response-Time Testing of Temperature Sensors........... 12 1. 9 Testing Cables In-Situ....................................... 13 1. 10 Automated Maintenance..................................... 15 2 Origins of This Book.......................................... 19 2. 1 Collaborative R&D......................................... 19 2. 2 Government R&D.......................................... 21 2. 3 Utility R&D............................................... 22 2. 4 IAEA Guidelines........................................... 24 2. 5ISA and IEC Standards...................................... 25 3 Maintenance of Nuclear Plant Instrumentation................... 27 4 Nuclear Plant Temperature Instrumentation..................... 29 4. 1 History of RTDs........................................... 29 4. 2 Nuclear-Grade RTDs....................................... 30 4. 3 Nuclear Plant Temperature Measurement Terminology........... 34 4. 4 Problems with Nuclear-Grade RTDs........................... 42 4. 4. 1 Dynamic Response................................... 43 4. 4. 2 Failure of Extension Leads............................ 43 4. 4. 3 Low Insulation Resistance............................. 44 4. 4. 4 Premature Failure.................................... 44 4. 4. 5 Wrong Calibration Tables............................. 44 X Contents 4. 4. 6 Loose or Bad Connections.............................

The nuclear industry and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) have been working for several years on the development of an adequate process to guide the replacement of aging analog monitoring and control instrumentation in nuclear power plants with modern digital instrumentation without introducing off-setting safety problems. This book identifies criteria for the USNRC's review and acceptance of digital applications in nuclear power plants. It focuses on eight areas: software quality assurance, common-mode software failure potential, systems aspects of digital instrumentation and control technology, human factors and human-machine interfaces, safety and reliability assessment methods, dedication of commercial off-the-shelf hardware and software, the case-by-case licensing process, and the adequacy of technical infrastructure.