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Dengue is an infectious disease that induces various alterations in the hematological profile and THPO levels that correlate to the disease severity. This study aims to investigate the effect of Sterculia quadrifida R. Br stem bark extract on the hematological parameters and THPO levels of DENV-3-infected Wistar rats. A total of 27 male rats were divided into three groups: healthy, dengue, and treatment (dengue and extract). The extract was orally delivered at a 1500 mg/KgBW dose once daily for seven days. Blood samples were collected on days 1 (healthy group), 5, and 8 (dengue and treatment group). The platelet, MCV, MCH, and MCHC in the dengue and treatment group showed no significant difference (p>0.05) on days 5 and 8 compared to the normal values, 876 ± 44.11 103/mm3, 56.34 ± 1.42 fL, 18.56 ± 0.54 pg, and 32.88 ± 0.56 g/dL, respectively. Compared to the healthy group, hematocrit, leukocyte, hemoglobin, and erythrocyte in the dengue and treatment group displayed significant differences on both days and RDW-CV on day eight alone. Post-hoc test on the fifth day revealed that the treatment group showed significant differences in hematocrit and leukocyte levels compared to the dengue group. THPO levels on day five in the dengue and treatment group were displayed at 30.28 ± 6.72 pg/ml and 35.75 ± 28.55 pg/ml, respectively, showing statistical difference (p<0.05) compared to the healthy group, 40.32 ± 7.72 pg/ml. The results showed that S. quadrifida can reduce leukocytosis and hemoconcentration and might also have the potential to increase THPO levels during dengue infection. This study was the first to report dengueinfected Wistar rats' hematological profiles and THPO levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dengue infection can trigger an immunological response that results in an inflammatory reaction, which acts as a defensive mechanism to protect the host. Dengue infection leads to an elevation in the release of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These three cytokines have been shown to correlate with the development of thrombocytopenia and plasma leakage, which is related to the severity of the disease. Aim: This study aims to investigate the effect of faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R. Br) stem bark on TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in Wistar rats infected with dengue, specifically DENV-3. Methods: A group of 27 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 2-3 months and weighting 200-300 g were divided into three distinct groups: healthy, dengue, and treatment (dengue infection and extract) groups. The rats in both the dengue and treatment groups were administered an injection of DENV-3 with a titer of 105 pfu at a dosage of 0.8 cc via the intraperitoneal route. The propagation of DENV-3 was initiated using C6/36 cells, and it underwent four passages. The extract was administered orally via a nasogastric tube at a dosage of 1,500 mg/kg body weight once daily for 7 days. The healthy group underwent blood sampling on the first day, whereas the dengue and therapy groups underwent blood sampling on the fifth and eighth, respectively. Results: Compared with the healthy group, TNF-α levels in the dengue and treatment groups showed significant differences on day 5 post-infection. The post hoc analysis revealed a statistically significant difference between the dengue-treatment and dengue-healthy groups. The IL-1β levels in the dengue and healthy groups significantly differed on days 5 and 8 post-infection compared to the healthy group. The treatment group had less of a decrease in IL-6 levels on days 5 and 8 than the dengue group. However, no statistically significant differences were observed. Conclusion: The stem bark of S. quadrifida shows potential as an anti-inflammatory agent in dengue infections, particularly in its ability to decrease levels of TNF-α and IL-1β. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This study aims to determine the effect of supplementing snakehead fish (Channa striata) on body weight at the Sidotopo Health Center. The method used in this study was a one group pre test post test design involving 20 patients using a purposive sampling. The study inclusion criteria were clients who had just been diagnosed with active tuberculosis, took OAT regularly, aged 18-60 years. Exclusion criteria were TB patients who refused the study, MDR (Multi drug Resistance) TB, smokers, had a history of allergies, took other supplements. This research was conducted in June 2022 at the Sidotopo Health Center in Surabaya. Laboratory analysis was carried out at the Tropical Disease Institute, Airlangga University. The results of statistical tests in this study were that there were differences in the administration of snakehead fish (Channa striata) on body weight in tuberculosis patients with a p-value = 0.000 (<0.005). The pretest reached 46.25 kg, while the post test body weight was 48.20 kg. This shows that there is an increase in body weight in TB patients at the Sidotopo Health Center in Surabaya. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Recurrent cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence puts patients at higher risk for mortality and morbidity. One of the CVD symptoms is acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Many genetic polymorphisms are CVD risk factors. This study's purpose was to investigate the correlation between recurrent ACS incidence and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphism. Method: Case-control design was used in this study. About 90 patients who visited the cardiology and internal medicine clinics at UNAIR Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, served as the study's subjects. There were 30 patients with recurrent ACS, 30 patients with a single ACS, and 30 patients with no history of cardiovascular disease. Afterward, using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length method, the ApoE gene polymorphism examination was carried out. The Tropical Disease Center UNAIR Laboratory conducted all laboratory testing. Results: In the recurrent ACS group, ApoE polymorphism genotype patterns were 5 subjects for ε2ε2 (16.67%), 23 subjects for ε3ε3 (76.66%), and 2 subjects for ε4ε4 (6.67%). Meanwhile, in the single ACS group, ApoE polymorphism genotype patterns were 6 subjects for ε2ε2 (20%), 22 subjects for ε3ε3 (73.4%), 1 subject for ε4ε4 (3.33%), and 1 subject for ε2ε3 (3.33%). And, in the non-ACS group, ApoE polymorphism genotype patterns were4 subjects for ε2ε2 (13.34%), 25 subjects for ε3ε3 (83.33%), and1 subject for ε4ε4 (3.33%). There was no correlation of ApoE gene polymorphism with recurrent ACS incidence by Chi-square analysis (p > 0.05). Conclusion: ApoE gene polymorphism cannot significantly affect recurrent ACS incidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Response to resuscitative fluid administration is often difficult to assess clinically, especially in critically ill patients, and therefore it is necessary to use tools to evaluate the response. One of the modalities that can be used is ultrasonography to measure the internal jugular vein collapsibility index (IJVCI) during the respiration cycle. Aim: To evaluate the correlation between IJVCI and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in assessing response to resuscitative fluid administration in critically ill patients. Patients and methods: This is an experimental study with pre-post test groups, assessing the response to resuscitative fluid administration in critically ill patients. Results: A total of 28 subjects aged 18-65 years old were included in the inclusion criteria of this study. The average age of subjects was 50.18 years. Twenty-one subjects responded to the administration of 500 ml Ringer's lactate (RL) crystalloid fluid within 30 minutes based on the IJVCI. Subjects were observed in two periods, the pre-test and post-test periods. There was a significant difference in the IJVCI before and after 500 ml of RL between the two groups (p<0.05). As a predictor of IJVCI associated with increased MAP at the cut-off value of 44.40 with a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 80%. This study showed that IJVCI had a negative correlation with increased MAP (p<0.05). Conclusions: The measurement of the IJVCI can be used to assess the response to resuscitative fluid administration in critically ill patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]