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This study aim is to examine and evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on education systems, which is the implementation of online learning (OL) during Movement Control Order (MCO) to higher learning education institution in Malaysia. A questionnaire was developed, and a random sampling of data was performed. Three hundred and fifty-two samples were collected using the Smart PLS-Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique to analyze the results. The study shows that acceptance, usability, satisfaction, and technical skills play a pivotal role in inspiring online learning effectiveness for the institution of higher education. Such consideration allows the entire higher education institution in Malaysia to recognize the importance of online learning in education in a consistent way. All the factors influence the sustained positive efficacy except acceptance of online learning. The present study covers only the institutions of higher learning. Entire elementary and secondary school students also participate in online learning, so this group can also be included for further studies. The research would continue to develop the online learning environment, and the study of higher education organizations is gradually embracing learning as an alternative to conventional classroom learning for current students and as a means to extend its scope to new students. Adopting online learning and its technologies requires significant investment in the staff, resources, energy, and space that administrators and those in educational leadership need to be justifiable. Just a few have explored the effect of COVID-19 on the education system and how online learning are conducted during MCO and using Smart PLS is a novel concept and it is a research of its kind from first hand.

This paper deals with the role of the labor market in moderating the growth-effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries. FDI has developed rapidly and become the main source of economic growth in developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of labor market flexibility in mediating the impact of FDI on economic growth in developing countries. Panel threshold regression analysis proposed by Hansen (1999) is employed to assess the hypothesis of the study. Findings/Originality : The results provide the empirical finding of the role labor market in moderating the growth effect of FDI in developed and developing countries and fill this gap by assessing the role of labor market flexibility as an absorptive capacity in FDI-growth link in developing countries.

On 1 May 2012 minimum wage regulation was introduced by Malaysia government and was gazette on 16 July 2012. The rate at RM900 for Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak and Labuan) at RM800. In 2019, new rate was effective for nationwide at RM1100. The ambiguous finding from the past research drive this research to be conduct. Specifically, this study test whether, an implementation of minimum wage may benefit an employment in Malaysia. An Ordinary Least Square estimation method was employed. The result suggests that minimum wage significantly influence employment in Malaysia.

This paper dealing with the role of health in moderating the productivity-growth effect in Asian countries. Panel threshold regression analysis proposed by Hansen (1999) are employ to assess the hypothesis of study. This methodological technique is selected due to the fact it’s miles bendy sufficient to house the opportunity that the effect of TFP “accelerate” most effective after host nations have accomplished a sure stage of health situation. The finding result shows that there’s a threshold impact within side the TFP-growth relationship such that the high quality effect of TFP accelerate handiest after host nations gain a positive stage situation of employee health. This locating is constant with the view that host nations have to have absorptive potential in an effort to gain from TFP. Therefore, policymakers need to weigh the value of regulations aimed toward making sure the health of the employees to be taken into consideration in order for the first-class and productiveness of the employees to growth as a health has a first-order effect on economic boom.

The motivation of the study is to compare the impact of aging population on healthcare expenditure between China and India as demographic projection forecast that the percentage people above 65 years will be 26 percent by 2050. The used of long time series data of China and India from 1970 to 2011 helps us to identify the long run relationship between ageing population and healthcare expenditure using ARDL bound testing approach. The result of the bounds test showed that there is a stable, long-run relationship between the ageing population and healthcare expenditure, life expectancy, and GDPC. In fact, results revealed that the ageing population influences healthcare expenditure both in China and India. However, in the case of China the ageing population is a more dominant influence on healthcare expenditures because the total ageing in China is greater than that of the population in India.