Search

Until this moment, no research has been found that has assessed adherence to online nutritional monitoring by adults with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (T1DM) during the pandemic. This article aims to analyze the association between eating habits and adherence to nutritional online care by adults with T1DM during social distancing because of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out in July 2020. An online form was used to collect sociodemographic data, financial status, eating habits, carrying out online nutritional monitoring, and adherence to social distancing. Pearson’s chi-squared test was performed with adjusted residual analysis and binomial logistic regression analysis (p < 0.05). Out of the 472 adults, only 8.9% had consulted with a nutritionist. Doing nutritional monitoring online during social distancing was associated with a reduction in the consumption of ultra-processed foods (p = 0.021), eating more servings of fruit (p = 0.036), and doing carbohydrate counting (CC) more frequently (p = 0.000). Doing nutritional monitoring online increased adherence to carbohydrate counting by 2.57 times and increased the consumption of fruits by 0.423 times. Therefore, nutritional monitoring, even if performed remotely, can influence the acquisition and maintenance of healthier eating habits, in addition to assisting adherence to the practice of CC.

The underfive of children is a high-risk group of nutritional problems during the Covid-19 pandemic due to lack of nutritious eating intake, increasingly difficult economic conditions, and child health services (Posyandu) activities were closed. The community service objective was to increase the role of nutrition support groups (posyandu lay workers) in an effort to prevent and overcome nutritional problems for children. The community service targets are 4 posyandu lay workers in Sialang Mungu district, Pekanbaru as well as families with nutritional problems. The method used nutrition training for posyandu lay worker, screening the nutritional status, guidance to make the simple food (bento), providing nutrition packages and making aquaponic as an effort to endurance nutrition. The success of this activity is measured through the increase of posyandu lay workers to perform nutritional monitoring, the success of making bento, and the increase of weight of children between 500 to 1000 grams. Training and mentoring for nutrition support groups was able to provide the necessary understanding in detecting toddler nutrition during pandemic and making efforts to improve the nutrition of children. Nutrition support groups have the main role to prevent and solve the problem of nutrition of children in the community in Pekanbaru.

Purpose of review Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment option for severe and complex obesity; however, those who undergo such surgery need access to nutritional monitoring and vitamin and mineral supplementation to avoid the development of nutritional deficiencies. Recent findings The British Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Society and the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery have recently updated their recommendations on preoperative and postoperative nutritional monitoring and supplementation. There is a growing interest in the more malabsorptive procedures that are associated with an increased risk of nutritional deficiencies. Nutritional monitoring and prevention of nutritional deficiencies are discussed.Long-term follow-up that includes annual nutritional monitoring and access to a dietetic annual review is recommended; however, in the United Kingdom, many bariatric surgery centres are only commissioned to provide 2 years of follow-up, after which care is transferred to the general practitioner. Consideration should be given to developing shared care models for aftercare and also for the aftercare of malabsorptive procedures to remain with specialist centres. Summary Bariatric surgery is a safe and effective treatment option for severe and complex obesity. It is essential that patients have access to lifelong nutritional monitoring adjustment of vitamin and mineral supplements to prevent nutritional issues.

A alimentação e o estilo de vida materno influenciam diretamente na saúde da criança. Atentar-se a essas ações torna-se essencial para desenvolver a saúde de puérperas e neonatos, os quais devem ser alimentados exclusivamente com leite materno até o sexto mês de vida, pois este supre as necessidades do bebê até este período, uma vez que transmite anticorpos que auxiliam na imunidade e evitando doenças. Isso possibilita um desenvolvimento significativo da criança, além de oferecer diversos benefícios à mãe. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o conhecimento acerca da amamentação de puérperas internadas em um hospital privado de Cascavel – PR, para, posteriormente, avaliar o resultado dos dados obtidos e identificar os aspectos que necessitam de melhoria. O estudo foi realizado de forma transversal-descritiva e avaliou um grupo de mulheres por meio de um questionário que abordou o assunto ‘amamentação’. Foram avaliadas 60 puérperas, sendo possível verificar que 58% delas já amamentaram anteriormente; 62% receberam orientações acerca da amamentação; apenas 15% realizaram acompanhamento nutricional; 80% amamentaram seus filhos imediatamente após o nascimento; 78,3% tiveram a intenção de amamentar em livre demanda; 100% acreditam que o leite materno oferece imunidade e nutrição aos bebês; enquanto 85% não acreditam na teoria do leite fraco e relatam que o estado emocional pode influenciar o aleitamento materno. Diante desses resultados, sugere-se uma maior disseminação de informação e orientações acerca do ato de amamentar e seus benefícios. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Aleitamento materno, Gestante, Nutricional.

Population aging is increasing at a rapid pace and it is a longing for today's society to grow healthy and with quality of life. The study provides a greater understanding of healthy eating that contributes to a better quality of life for the elderly. The study aims to analyze the importance of healthy eating for the elderly. It is understood that when combined with other activities the results are the best with regard to quality of life. The study is defined as an integrative review and qualitative approach. From the descriptors and the inclusion and exclusion criteria, thirty scientific articles were obtained and from these, ten were selected to compose the sample for the elaboration of this study and discuss the theme in focus. It is clear that healthy eating can and should favor the elderly with a substantial improvement in quality of life. It is necessary a nutritional monitoring with the elderly in order to contribute more and more to the quality of life and also subsidize the actions directed to this public. Keywords: Healthy eating. Quality of life. Old man.

Before the 70s, in Brazil, each city had its morbidly obese, considered as the “excessive fats”, in very small numbers if we compare it with the current percentage. There was no classification of the degree of obesity by the body mass index (BMI) as we have today. By chance, on a Saturday in June 1975, at the Outpatient Clinic of the 23rd Infirmary of Santa Casa da Misericordia Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, arrived the patient I. S., 41 years old, 1.70 m tall, supported by her two children, weighing 210 kg in weight body. Knowing that bariatric surgery only appeared in the 1980s, before that, patients with morbid obesity were left to their own devices, with hypertension and diabetes. The patient I. S. was hospitalized for 3 years in our Plastic Surgery Service, having received nutritional monitoring, had sporadic discharges and undergone 9 reparative plastic surgeries. She was discharged weighing 71 kg, with self-esteem recovered and happy to start a new life, without hypertension and diabetes.

Nutritional monitoring plays an important role in optimizing nutritional support in patients with chronic intestinal failure (CIF) receiving long-term supplementation. Unlike initial nutritional assessment, however, there are no recommended guidelines for establishing a nutritional monitoring index. This study is to evaluate the suitability of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) as a nutritional monitoring factor in CIF patients.We retrospectively analyzed the correlation between serum nutritional indicators, including IGF-1 levels, and nutritional assessment, nutritional monitoring, and lean body mass in 197 patients with CIF.The mean age of the 197 enrolled patients was 47.22 ± 18.87 years old and; the mean BMI was 16.83 ± 3.31. The mean NRS-2002 score was 3.49 ± 0.83; and moreover, 76.3% of the patients were malnourished. The median length of hospital stay in hospital (LOS) was 18.5 days. IGF-1 was positively correlated with body mass index, hemoglobin, albumin, pre-albumin, retinol-binding protein (RBP), transferrin, serum creatinine (Scr) and cholesterol (p 0.05 for all). Testing performed over 3 weeks post-admission showed that significantly different weekly changes were observed only in IGF-1, RBP, and Scr during the period of nutritional support (p 0.05 for each). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that IGF-1 and body mass index were independent factors influencing fat-free mass, skeletal muscle mass, and body protein mass (p 0.05 for each).IGF-1 is suitable for monitoring short-term changes in the nutritional status in CIF patients. This may be attributed to its shorter half-life, greater sensitivity, and better correlation with lean body mass. ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03277014.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar um grupo de indivíduos adultos com excesso de peso quanto ao seu perfil metabólico, qualificando-os como obesos metabolicamente saudáveis ou obesos metabolicamente não saudáveis, segundo diferentes critérios. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, que avaliou 63 indivíduos adultos, 69,8% do sexo feminino, com sobrepeso (25,0 – 29,9 kg/m²) ou obesidade (≥ 30 kg/m²). Para a caracterização metabólica, foram utilizados os critérios: Índice “Homeostasis Model Assessment” (obesos metabolicamente saudáveis: dentro dos 3 menores quartis: ≤3,10; obesos metabolicamente não saudáveis: >3,10); padrões do “National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III” (obesos metabolicamente saudáveis: apresentar até 2 componentes; obesos metabolicamente não saudáveis: 3 ou mais dos cinco componentes) e a combinação destes dois. Os perfis de estilo de vida, antropométrico, bioquímico e de consumo alimentar também foram avaliados. Os resultados foram expressos como percentual ou média ± desvio padrão, conforme o tipo de variável a ser descrito. A frequência de indivíduos obesos metabolicamente saudáveis foi de 73%, pelo critério de “Homeostasis Model Assessment”; e de 49,2%, pelo “Adult Treatment Panel III”. Usando os dois critérios em conjunto, obteve-se 79,4% de obesos metabolicamente saudáveis. A qualificação dos indivíduos pode variar de acordo com o critério utilizado. De forma geral, os obesos metabolicamente saudáveis exibem menores índices de massa corporal e circunferência da cintura, e possuem menos alterações bioquímicas. Entretanto, estes indivíduos também necessitam de acompanhamento nutricional, a fim de evitar que estes parâmetros se alterem ao longo do tempo, colocando-os em risco de desenvolver doenças crônicas.

Objectives The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the validity of a short, culture-specific, semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for Greek dietary habits and among a population of pregnant women, and to assess the adherence of reported nutritional habits to the Mediterranean diet. Methods The validity of the FFQ was assessed by comparing FFQ-derived nutrient intakes against the average of two 24-h dietary recalls of 70 pregnant women. We used appropriate statistical methods to examine the nutrient correlation and level of agreement between the two figures (Pearson or Spearman correlation and Bland–Altman test, respectively). Calculation of the Mediterranean Diet Score was performed to evaluate participants’ adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Results Statistically significant positive correlations, of medium strength, were observed for almost all macronutrient groups (ρs ranging from 0.326 to 0.538). Dietary fiber intake was the only nutrient where a weak correlation was identified (ρ = −0.106; P > 0.05). Mean intakes, derived from the FFQ, agreed with results from the 24-h recalls based on Bland–Altman analysis, with the agreement ranging between 94.3% and 98.6% for the macronutrient groups under examination. The calculation of the Mediterranean Diet Score revealed that Greek pregnant women's habits are in accordance with the principles of the Mediterranean diet. Conclusions The developed FFQ is a valid tool that could provide reliable nutrient intake assessment in studies monitoring dietary habits of pregnant women, a group where nutritional monitoring is essential but to date remains limited.

Background Energy inadequacy has a great impact on health outcomes in older adult patients; however, it is difficult to evaluate energy adequacy in these patients, especially in home-care settings. We recently reported that temporal muscle thickness can be an indicator of nutritional status. The present study aims to examine whether a change in temporal muscle thickness is directly correlated with energy adequacy and, if so, to determine the cutoff value of a change in temporal muscle thickness to detect energy inadequacy. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted from September 2015 to June 2016 in two hospitals in Japan, and included bedridden older adult patients aged ≥65 years. Temporal muscle thickness was measured using ultrasonography. Energy intake was estimated by photographic diet records. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was estimated by multiplying basal energy expenditure calculated using the Harris– Benedict equation by activity and stress factors. Energy adequacy was then calculated by dividing TEE by energy intake. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between percentage change in temporal muscle thickness and energy adequacy. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the direct relationship between percentage change in temporal muscle thickness and moderate energy inadequacy (energy adequacy Results Forty-eight patients were analyzed (mean age 84.4 ± 7.8 years; 54.2% were women). The percentage change in muscle thickness was significantly correlated with energy adequacy (r = 0.733, p Conclusions Changes in temporal muscle thickness are directly correlated with energy adequacy and can indicate moderate energy inadequacy in bedridden older adults. These results suggest the assessment of changes in temporal muscle thickness could be useful for guiding nutritional care in older adult patients in home-care settings.

Objective: Stage I Norwood palliation (S1P) for functional single ventricle physiology carries a mortality risk of 15%, and patients remain at risk for adverse outcomes during the interstage period prior to second stage palliation (S2P). Feeding dysfunction (FD) is common in this population and may be associated with poorer outcomes. While there is wide institutional variation in nutritional management, there have been increasing efforts to ameliorate interstage mortality over the past decade emphasizing nutrition, feeding delivery, and home monitoring programs (HMPs). In 2009, we implemented an HMP, and by …

Background and aims: minimizing nutritional depletions after a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) may improve clinical results in the treatment of obesity. We evaluated nutritional aspects of obese women undergoing RYGB at a reference university hospital with a department specialized in bariatric surgery. Method: based on the Dietary Reference Intakes developed by the Food and Nutrition Council, Institute of Medicine, and the guidelines issued by the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, we assessed the quantitative and qualitative adequacy of nutritional intake, supplementation, and biochemical monitoring of 20 women both before and 3 and 12 months after a RYGB. Data on nutritional intake was obtained by applying different food surveys, quantitatively interpreted by the Virtual Nutri Plus® software and using reference nutritional databases. Results: nutritional intake deficits were already found before the RYGB (p ≤ 0.05). These worsened postoperatively (p ≤ 0.05), a period also marked by a qualitatively poor diet. The nutritional supplementation prescribed did not fully achieve the reference recommendations, and was poorly complied with by patients. Furthermore, nutritional monitoring was not carried out in all patients, recommended biochemical markers were not screened, and vitamin D depletions occurred. Conclusion: our data suggest that institutions specialized in bariatric patient care may not be adequately adhering to well known guidelines, or applying efficient strategies to improve compliance.Antecedentes y objetivos: minimizar el deterioro nutricional después del baipás gástrico en Y de Roux (BGYR) puede mejorar los resultados clínicos en el tratamiento de la obesidad. Se evaluaron aspectos nutricionales de mujeres obesas sometidas a BGYR en un hospital universitario de referencia con servicio especializado de cirugía bariátrica. Método: con base en la Ingesta Dietética de Referencia desarrollada por el Consejo de Alimentos y Nutrición del Instituto de Medicina, y las directrices de la Sociedad Estadounidense de Cirugía Bariátrica y Metabólica, evaluamos la adecuación cuantitativa y cualitativa de la ingesta nutricional, la suplementación y el seguimiento bioquímico de 20 mujeres tanto antes como 3 y 12 meses después de un BGYR. Los datos de la ingesta nutricional se obtuvieron mediante la aplicación de diferentes encuestas alimentarias, interpretadas cuantitativamente por el software Virtual Nutri Plus® y utilizando bases de datos nutricionales de referencia. Resultados: se encontraron déficits de ingesta nutricional antes del BGYR (p0,05). Estos empeoraron en el postoperatorio (p0,05), período también marcado por una mala alimentación cualitativa. La suplementación nutricional prescrita no cumplió plenamente con las recomendaciones de referencia y no fue bien cumplida por los pacientes. Además, la monitorización nutricional no se aplicó en todos los pacientes y no se examinaron todos los marcadores bioquímicos recomendados, hallándose depleciones de vitamina D. Conclusión: nuestros datos sugieren que las instituciones especializadas en la atención de pacientes bariátricos podrían no estar siguiendo adecuadamente las pautas recomendadas, ni aplicando estrategias eficientes para mejorar su cumplimiento.

Nutritional monitoring is an important aspect of providing a healthy lifestyle and smarter food consumption. Food recognition is a key task in nutrition monitoring applications especially of interest for older people suffering from malnutrition and unhealthy eating. In order to ease the problem of food intake monitoring, recent health apps involve Artificial Intelligence algorithms for food image analysis. Food recognition is a highly challenging task as the dishes could be composed of mixed types, it could have a lower inter-class variance and also the number of dishes to be recognized is quite higher. In this chapter, we present an in-depth analysis and insights into the development of a nutritional monitoring system that would act as a Key Performance Indicator for the older people food intake monitoring. This system is aimed at providing a convenient food logging environment that would assist older people and their relatives as well as geriatrists in monitoring and maintaining the healthy daily dietary nutritional needs.

The nutritional status of an individual goes far beyond the body expression it presents, as it is understood that there is a need for a balance between everything that is going to be ingested is the body's expenditure of this energy that is being ingested, this is the way of providing the body with strength to supply its individual nutritional needs. To analyze the nutritional status of children aged 0 months to 2 years, who visit the Health Education Clinic - CEPS. Research on secondary descriptive bases and quantitative analysis. For data collection, 215 outpatient records were analyzed and 122 selected, according to the criteria of 0 to 2 years of age and in the period from January to December. The study showed that 69.7% of the children consulted by nursing, have an appropriate body mass index (BMI) for their age. In this way, the study demonstrates that these children, for all evaluated standards, are classified as nourished, eutrophic and adequate nutritional status, confirming the importance of nutritional monitoring, therefore, we believe that there is a need for investment and encouragement of awareness in regarding the implementation of the childcare program in Basic Health Units.

The present study aimed to analyze the frequency of physical activity, food consumption and nutritional level of public servants. The sample consisted of 15 public servants, aged between 18 and 60 years, of both sexes. Body weight (kg), height (m) and subsequent BMI (kg / m2) were measured. The following circumferences were measured in cm: abdominal and hip. The index of relationship between waist and hip circumference (waist circumference / hip circumference) was obtained. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics with a significance level of p

Nutritional problems are common in children with neurological diseases, especially if they have significant motor impairment. Oropharyngeal dysphagia is very prevalent in these patients, and can contribute to worsening nutritional status and produce pulmonary aspirations.Longitudinal assessment of the nutritional status of a sample of pediatric patients with moderate-severe neurological disease and establish the prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in that sample.An observational multicenter prospective study was conducted. We included children under 16 years of age with moderate-to-severe neurological impairment from four hospitals, with clinical and anthropometric monitoring for one year. Questions were asked to conduct oropharyngeal dysphagia screening.Sixty-eight children were included, the main diagnosis obtained was cerebral palsy. In the anthropometric assessment, 42 patients (62%) showed weight z scores below -2, and 29 (43%) height z scores below -2, while body mass index, mid upper arm circumference and triceps and subscapular skinfolds remained less affected. We found an oropharyngeal dysphagia prevalence of 73.5% in our sample, increasing with greater motor impairment.These patients showed lower weight and height than children without neurological impairment. However, with a correct follow-up they remain stable with an adequate body composition. It is important to proactively investigate the presence of oropharyngeal dysphagia, especially in those with greater motor impairment, as it occurs very frequently and an adequate diagnosis can improve clinical evolution and prevent complications.Estudio multicéntrico y longitudinal del estado nutricional y problemas de deglución en niños con enfermedad neurológica grave.Introducción. Los problemas nutricionales son frecuentes en niños con enfermedades neurológicas, sobre todo si tienen una importante afectación motora. La disfagia orofaríngea es muy prevalente en estos pacientes y puede contribuir a empeorar el estado nutricional y a que se produzcan aspiraciones pulmonares. Objetivo. Evaluar de forma longitudinal el estado nutricional de una muestra de pacientes pediátricos con enfermedad neurológica moderada-grave y establecer la prevalencia de disfagia orofaríngea en dicha muestra. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio multicéntrico prospectivo observacional. Se incluyó a niños menores de 16 años controlados en cuatro centros hospitalarios. Se recogieron datos clínicos y antropométricos durante un año. Se realizaron preguntas dirigidas a realizar un cribado sistemático de disfagia orofaríngea. Resultados. Se seleccionó a 68 pacientes, y el diagnóstico más frecuente fue la parálisis cerebral infantil. En la valoración antropométrica, 42 pacientes (62%) presentaron puntuaciones z de peso inferiores a –2, y 29 (43%), talla con puntuaciones z inferiores a –2, pero con un índice de masa corporal, un perímetro braquial y unos pliegues cutáneos mucho menos alterados. La prevalencia de disfagia orofaríngea fue del 73,5%, que aumentó a mayor afectación motora. Conclusiones. Estos pacientes presentan un tamaño corporal menor que la población de su misma edad y sexo sin patología. Sin embargo, con un correcto seguimiento nutricional, mantienen estable su composición corporal. Es importante investigar de forma proactiva la presencia de disfagia orofaríngea, sobre todo en los que tienen mayor afectación motora, pues se presenta con mucha frecuencia y un adecuado diagnóstico puede mejorar la evolución clínica y prevenir complicaciones.

En los últimos años, la obesidad severa en adolescentes ha aumentado a nivel mundial y Chile no es la excepción a este fenómeno. Es conocido que esta condición aumenta exponencialmente los riesgos para la salud y se asocia a mortalidad prematura. Desde el año 2008, diversas guías de tratamiento de obesidad pediátrica han incluido a la cirugía bariátrica como una estrategia de tratamiento para adolescentes obesos severos seleccionados. Estos procedimientos han mostrado ser seguros y eficaces en adultos. Un cuerpo emergente de evidencia demuestra que, en centros especializados, en el corto y mediano plazo se obtendrían resultados similares en adolescentes. Sin embargo, en este grupo de pacientes, la cirugía bariátrica tiene implícitos otros riesgos inherentes a la etapa de desarrollo en que se encuentran, y los resultados y complicaciones especialmente de largo plazo en gran medida son aún desconocidos. Por lo anterior y para el logro de los resultados esperados, es muy importante que la selección de pacientes, la cirugía y el seguimiento, sean realizados por equipos multidisciplinarios calificados, en centros hospitalarios que cuenten con la infraestructura adecuada, siendo imprescindible la adherencia de por vida al seguimiento médico y nutricional. El objetivo de este documento es presentar la postura de la Rama de Nutrición de la Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría (SOCHIPE) frente a las diversas aristas a considerar para la adecuada indicación de estos procedimientos en adolescentes obesos severos.

The classic ketogenic diet (cKD) requires constant nutritional monitoring over time both to ensure its effectiveness and to reduce the likelihood of short- and long-term adverse effects. We retrospectively described the use of remote monitoring by e-mail during the first year of follow-up on cKD in 34 children (47% males, age range: 2&minus, 17 years) diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE, n = 14) or glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS, n = 20). All the e-mails were evaluated analyzing their frequency and content at 3, 6 and 12 months. Three families never sent e-mails. A median of 36.0 (IQR 23.0&ndash, 64.0) e-mails per family were sent during the 12 follow-up months by the 31 patients. GLUT1-DS patients sent a greater number of e-mails than the DRE group (median 39.0 (IQR 25.5&ndash, 56.5) vs. median 26.0 (IQR 19.0&ndash, 65.0)). At the end of the follow-up period, a greater number of e-mails had been exchanged between the nutritional team and the families belonging to the group that increased its linear growth (median 83.5, IQR 48.0&ndash, 102.0), compared to the other ones. Constant remote monitoring by e-mail could be a feasible and effective way for a better cKD management.

Objetivo: Conhecer os determinantes das escolhas alimentares entre as beneficiárias do Programa Bolsa Família em um município do interior da Bahia. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com mulheres adultas titulares do Programa. Foram realizadas entrevistas para a aplicação do questionário de marcadores de consumo alimentar, da ficha de cadastro e acompanhamento nutricional do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional, e do questionário sobre motivo das escolhas alimentares. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 40 mulheres, todas consideradas de baixa renda, pretas e pardas (90%), com idade entre 20 e 39 anos (57,5%) e escolaridade superior a quatro anos de estudos (62,5%). Observaram-se maior consumo de feijão, frutas e bebidas adoçadas, e baixa ingestão de verduras e alimentos ultraprocessados. Os motivos das escolhas alimentares com maior grau de importância foram o apelo sensorial, a saúde e o preço dos alimentos; aqueles com menor relevância foram conveniência e humor. Conclusão: Um conjunto de determinantes é responsável pelas escolhas alimentares: alguns relacionados ao alimento, outros vinculados ao indivíduo e aqueles ainda referentes aos aspectos sociais, culturais, éticos, entre outros. Assim, conhecer os principais determinantes torna-se essencial para a compreensão do consumo alimentar das beneficiárias do Bolsa Família e as repercussões sobre o estado nutricional, auxiliando nutricionistas, demais profissionais de saúde e gestores públicos na adoção de estratégias que promovam a Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional das famílias de baixa renda.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2020.43568

The absence of food monitoring has contributed significantly to the increase in the population's weight. Due to the lack of time and busy routines, most people do not control and record what is consumed in their diet. Some solutions have been proposed in computer vision to recognize food images, but few are specialized in nutritional monitoring. This work presents the development of an intelligent system that classifies and segments food presented in images to help the automatic monitoring of user diet and nutritional intake. This work shows a comparative study of state-of-the-art methods for image classification and segmentation, applied to food recognition. In our methodology, we compare the FCN, ENet, SegNet, DeepLabV3+, and Mask RCNN algorithms. We build a dataset composed of the most consumed Brazilian food types, containing nine classes and a total of 1250 images. The models were evaluated using the following metrics: Intersection over Union, Sensitivity, Specificity, Balanced Precision, and Positive Predefined Value. We also propose an system integrated into a mobile application that automatically recognizes and estimates the nutrients in a meal, assisting people with better nutritional monitoring. The proposed solution showed better results than the existing ones in the market. The dataset is publicly available at the following link http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4041488, Comment: Paper published at SIBRAPI 2020 (Camera ready version)

O Diabetes Mellitus (DM) e um grupo heterogeneo de disturbios metabolicos que tem em comum a hiperglicemia. No Brasil, onde as cidades das regioes Sul e Sudeste sao consideradas de maior desenvolvimento economico, o numero de individuos que apresentam DM e maior. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi analisar os pacientes diabeticos atendidos no Ambulatorio de Especialidades em Nutricao da URI - Campus de Frederico Westphalen/RS no ano de 2016. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, quantitativo e descritivo. A partir dos prontuarios dos pacientes com DM, foram coletados dados pessoais e socioeconomicos, historia clinica, habitos alimentares e medidas antropometricas. Foi identificado que 10% dos pacientes apresentavam como diagnostico o DM. Desta amostra, a maioria e do sexo masculino, com media de idade 37,5±16,7 anos. Referente ao Indice de Massa Corporal pode ser observado uma alta frequencia de sobrepeso nos pacientes do sexo masculino (55%), diferentemente do sexo feminino, onde a eutrofia e obesidade I tiveram maior relevância, ambos com 37,5%. Para fatores de risco, destacou-se uma elevada frequencia de pacientes com sobrepeso e obesidade, afetando em torno de 74% dos pacientes com DM. Ja analise do Recordatorio Alimentar 24 horas, o consumo de carboidratos apresentou media de 57,6±10,26% e proteina 18,68±9,55% e sao similares os recomendados pela Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes. Pelo exposto podemos reafirmar a necessidade e importância do acompanhamento nutricional aos pacientes diabeticos, como uma estrategia nao farmacologica necessaria que beneficiara o paciente no controle da glicemia e no retardo da progressao de comorbidades associadas ao DM. Palavras-chave : Diabetes Mellitus. Assistencia ao Paciente. Avaliacao nutricional. ANALYSIS OF DIABETIC PATIENTS TAKEN IN THE AMBULATORY OF NUTRITION SPECIALTIES OF URI- CAMPOS DE FREDERICO WESTPHALEN- RS ABSTRACT: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is classified by a heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders that have in common hyperglycemia. More specifically, in Brazil, where the cities of the South and Southeast are considered to be the most economically developed, the number of individuals with DM is higher. In this context, the objective of the present study was to analyze the diabetic patients attended at the Nutrition Specialties Clinic of the URI - Campus of Frederico Westphalen/RS in the year 2016. This is a cross-sectional, quantitative and descriptive study. The study was based on the data collection of patients' records with DM, personal and socioeconomic data were collected, as well as clinical history, eating habits and anthropometric measurements. As a result, it was identified that 10% of the patients presented DM as their diagnosis. From this sample, the prevalence of patients is male, with a mean age of 37.5 ± 16.7 years. Regarding the Body Mass Index, a high frequency of overweight was observed in male patients (55%), differently from the female sex, where eutrophy and obesity I were more relevant, both with 37.5%. For risk factors, a high frequency of overweight and obese patients was observed, affecting around 74% of patients with DM, followed by the rate of sedentary and alcoholic patients, in a lower proportion of patients with a diagnosis of Arterial Hypertension (26 %) And smokers with 16%. Already analysis of the Food Recall 24 hours we can verify that the consumption of carbohydrates, with an average of 57.6 ± 10.26% and protein 18.68 ± 9.55% are similar to those recommended by the Brazilian Society of Diabetes. Therefore, we can reaffirm the need and importance of nutritional monitoring for diabetic patients, as a necessary non-pharmacological strategy that will benefit the patient in glycemic control and delayed progression of comorbidities associated with DM. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus. Patient Care. Nutrition assessment.

The aim of the review is to provide the ultimate distinction between incremental dialysis and what is referred to as infrequent dialysis. Infrequent dialysis is defined as any hemodialytic schedule that includes fewer than three hemodialysis sessions per week. Nonetheless, infrequent dialysis could be defined as a therapy that requires close clinical and nutritional monitoring, and it should also be accompanied by a slightly hypoproteic dietetic approach. Incremental dialysis (CDDP) is a well-defined therapeutic program requiring significant clinical monitoring; it begins in the outpatient clinic when patients shift to a hypoproteic diet (0.6 g/kg per day) with or without essential amino acids and a low-salt diet supplemented by one dialysis session per week. The incremental dialysis program is strictly tailored on the residual renal function (RRF) trend and it represents a time variable for a therapeutic “bridge” that must provide a favourable metabolic status together with good quality of life. Recent studies have demonstrated lower mortality rates compared with thrice-weekly dialysis and a neutral input/output balance of the phosphorus pool. Further studies are needed to confirm the safety and validity of this therapeutic choice.

A gestacao e marcada por mudancas profundas que interferem na vida da mulher. As mais reconhecidas sao as modificacoes relacionadas ao corpo, sua fisiologia e metabolismo. Dentre uma serie de fatores que envolvem a gestacao, a alimentacao saudavel visa delimitar uma gestacao sem complicacoes recorrentes de patologias associadas a alimentacao. Contudo, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi fazer um levantamento geral sobre as principais informacoes relacionadas a alimentacao de gestantes. Tratando-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa descritiva, foi desenvolvido por meio do metodo de revisao integrativa, entre os meses de marco a setembro de 2017, cujo o levantamento de dados foi realizado atraves de consultas em trabalhos cientificos publicados (indexados) na SciELO; Lilacs; Medline, compreendendo os anos de 2012 a 2017, selecionados, assim, 16 artigos para fazer parte dos resultados da pesquisa, divididos em duas categorias. Categoria 1, corresponde aos artigos que mostram beneficios que uma alimentacao saudavel traz para a gestante e para o feto, e a Categoria 2 correspondendo aos prejuizos de uma ma nutricao, que pode acarretar patologias para a gestacao a curto e longo prazos. Com isso, podemos compreender que a gestacao e um momento de primordial importância quando se fala em alimentacao. A gestante tem que ter um acompanhamento nutricional adequado para garantir reservas de energias adequadas e saudaveis porque, na gestacao, ha um elevado aumento nas necessidades energeticas desencadeando uma serie de fatores. Palavras-Chave : Gravidez. Alimentacao. Dieta. Nutricao. ABSTRACT Gestation is marked by profound changes that interfere in the woman's life. The most recognized are the modifications related to the body, it’s physiology and metabolism. Among a series of factors that involve gestation, healthy eating aims to define a gestation without recurrent complications of food-associated pathologies, where the purpose is to supply the need for proper growth and development of the fetus from good nutrition of the mother. However, the objective of this research was to do a general survey about the main information related to the feeding of pregnant women. This was a descriptive qualitative research, developed through the integrative review method, between March and September of 2017, in which the data collection was carried out through consultations in scientific papers published (indexed) in SciELO; Lilacs; Medline comprising the years 2012 to 2017, selected 16 articles to be part of the search results, divided into two categories. Category 1 it corresponds to the articles that show benefits that a healthy diet brings to the pregnant woman and to the fetus and Category 2 it corresponds to the damages of poor nutrition and can lead to pathologies for the gestation in the short and long term. Thus, we can conclude that the pregnancy is a moment of importance primordial when talking about food, the pregnant woman must have an adequate nutritional monitoring to guarantee reserves of adequate and healthy energies. Key Words : Pregnancy. Feeding. Diet. Nutrition.

Monitoring the nutritional status of infants at this time is mostly still using the manual method, by looking at anthropomeric standard books so that nutritional monitoring takes longer and is less practical. Babies need nutritional status based on age, weight, length of the baby (baby's height), and sex of the baby. To find out the nutritional condition of the baby, the author wants to develop a measurement tool for weight and length of the baby with the output data in Microsoft Excel. This study aims to design a baby's weight and length measurement tools with data output at Microsoft Excel and perform a function test. The process of detection in infants using ultrasonic sensors that serves to determine the height or length of the baby's body and load cell sensors to determine the baby's weight, then the LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) which displays the results of ultrasonic sensors and load cell sensors and Arduino Uno. The results of this study are an infant weight and height measurement tool with an arduino uno-based anthropometric index method with 2 ultrasonic sensors as height and length counters, and 1 load cell sensor as a weight calculator for infants that will later be displayed on the LCD screen.

One drought mitigation strategy is transporting livestock to non-drought locations. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of prenatal stress and translocation on growing Bos indicus heifers. Twelve heifers born in spring 2019 at Overton, TX (1245 mm annual precipitation) were transported ~700 km to Sonora, TX (610 mm annual precipitation) in April 2020. Six heifers (283±10 kg) were born to dams subjected to transportation stress during mid-gestation (PNS) and 6 (279±17 kg) were born to non-stressed dams (CON). Heifers grazed a series of 24-ha native range pastures (aboveground forage biomass; 1508±390 kg/ha) and were sampled (non-shrunk BW/BCS score, feces) at 2-wk intervals from May through September. Fecal samples were collected from the ground or the rectum of each animal and stored at -20o C until processed for near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and prediction of diet crude protein (CP) and digestible organic matter (DOM). Inputs to a grazing animal nutrition model for prediction of BW included diet CP and DOM, age, and weather. Differences between groups for BW and nutritional parameters were determined by analysis of variance or paired t-test. Both groups gained BW (22±4 kg) throughout the study, there were no differences (P > 0.1) due to treatment. Diet CP and DOM were affected by date (P < 0.01) as diet quality declined from spring to fall. Percent diet CP was greater (P < 0.05) in PNS than CON, especially during July and August (6.94±0.10 vs 6.23±0.17, respectively). Corresponding values for diet DOM were (59.53±0.55 vs 59.14±0.43, respectively; P = 0.09). Observed vs model-predicted weight was different (P < 0.05) for both groups when using CP-based outputs, but not when using metabolizable protein-based outputs (P > 0.1). In summary, PNS heifers selected a diet of greater CP than CON, and tended to select a diet greater in DOM.

Resumo OBJETIVO: avaliar aspectos estruturais e processuais das consultas de puericultura na Estratégia Saúde da Família, quanto à vigilância do crescimento. MÉTODOS: pesquisa avaliativa de análise da implantação conduzida em dois municípios do estado da Paraíba, Brasil; foram avaliadas características da estrutura dos serviços e conduzidas observações de consultas de puericultura para análise do processo de trabalho. RESULTADOS: foram observadas 119 consultas (53 em um município e 66 no outro) conduzidas por 18 enfermeiros responsáveis pelas consultas de puericultura (nove de cada município); cinco dos enfermeiros não receberam capacitação para atuar na Atenção Primária à Saúde e quatro unidades não dispunham de balança; as medições de peso (84,9%), estatura (84,0%) e perímetro cefálico (82,7%) foram realizadas com maior frequência que as orientações às mães (11,8% e 29,4% das consultas sobre estatura e peso da criança, respectivamente). CONCLUSÃO: a vigilância do crescimento é uma ação não consolidada, com importantes deficiências de processo. Resumen OBJETIVO: evaluar aspectos de la estructura y proceso de trabajo de las consultas de puericultura en la estrategia Salud de la Familia, concernientes a la vigilancia del crecimiento. MÉTODOS: investigación evaluativa de análisis de implantación conducida en dos municipios del estado de Paraíba; fue evaluada la estructura de los servicios y consultas de puericultura para analizar el proceso de trabajo. RESULTADOS: fueron observadas 119 consultas (53 en un municipio y 66 en el otro) conducidas por 18 enfermeros, responsables por las consultas de puericultura (nueve de cada municipio); cinco enfermeros no fueron capacitados para actuar en atención primaria; cuatro de las unidades no disponía de balanza; las mediciones de peso (84,9%), estatura (84,0%) y perímetro cefálico (82,7%) fueron realizadas con mayor frecuencia que las orientaciones maternas (11,8% y 29,4% de las consultas sobre estatura y peso, respectivamente). CONCLUSIÓN: la vigilancia del crecimiento es una acción no consolidada en los dos municipios, con importantes deficiencias de proceso, en el contexto de la estrategia Salud de la Familia. Abstract OBJECTIVE: to assess the process and structural aspects of child care visits at the Family Health Strategy, in relation to growth monitoring. METHODS: evaluative study of implementation analysis, carried out in two municipalities of Paraíba State, Brazil; structural characteristics of the services were assessed and child care visits were observed for analysis of the working process. RESULTS: 119 visits (53 in one municipality and 66 in the other) were observed; they were conducted by 18 nurses who were in charge of child care visits (nine from each municipality); five of the nurses had no training to work in primary health care and four units did not have a scale; weight (84.9%), height (84.0%) and cephalic perimeter (82.7%) measurements were held more frequently than recommendations for mothers (11.8% and 29.4% of the visits about height and weight, respectively). CONCLUSION: child growth monitoring is an action not yet consolidated, with significant deficiencies in the process.

Many sides effects occurs in chronic kidney disease due to malnutrition and inactivity. Dialysis represents eighty per cent of the disease cost; so kidney transplant is the most favourable treatment. Patients care is a major problem on medical, human, ethical and economic levels. Among the various means used for it, the nutritional aspect and the adapted physical activity on kidney transplant patients and chronic hemodialysis patients are interesting for us. In my thesis, two studies were conducted. The first study carried out the effects of a nutritional monitoring on kidney transplant patients with a glucocorticoid treatment. Body composition, quality of life and food behavior were observed. The second study carried out the effects of a three-month resistance training program and the physical deconditioning three months after the end of the program on hemodialysis patients. Quality of life, body composition, some biological parameters, sleep, food behavior and physical capacities were observed. Nutritional monitoring as well as adapted physical activity show a significant improvement or trend towards improving several parameters, which would allow better patient management.; L’insuffisance rénale chronique entraîne de nombreux effets secondaires indésirables sur le métabolisme et la santé dus à la dénutrition et à la sédentarité observées chez ces patients. Quatre-vingt pourcent du financement de cette maladie est dédié à la dialyse ; la greffe apparaît comme le traitement de choix. La prise en charge des patients est donc une problématique majeure tant au niveau médical, qu’humain, éthique et économique. Parmi les différents moyens mis en œuvre, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’aspect nutritionnel et à la pratique d’une activité physique adaptée de patients greffés du rein ou hémodialysés chroniques. Deux études ont été menées durant ma thèse. La première étude s’est intéressée aux effets du suivi nutritionnel chez des patients greffés du rein sous traitement de glucocorticoïdes. Les paramètres étudiés sont la composition corporelle, la qualité de vie et le comportement alimentaire. La deuxième étude s’est intéressée aux effets d’un programme de renforcement musculaire de 3 mois, ainsi qu’au déconditionnement physique 3 mois après la fin du programme chez des patients hémodialysés. Les paramètres étudiés sont la qualité de vie, la composition corporelle, certains paramètres biologiques, le sommeil, le comportement alimentaire et les capacités physiques. Le suivi nutritionnel comme l’activité physique adaptée montrent une amélioration significative ou des tendances à l’amélioration de plusieurs paramètres ce qui permettrait une meilleure prise en charge des patients.

International audience; During the last decades, all para-athletes with disabilities have significantly increased their performance level due to technological progress and human investment, through better training or recovery protocols, medical care and nutritional monitoring. Among these elements, the athlete's age is one of the determining factors in performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age on maximal performances for para-athletes and wheelchair racing athletes, scaled on able-bodied records. We collected 53,554 results including athlete's best performance of the year, event, age and disability classification from the International Paralympic Committee competitions between 2009 and 2017 for both female and male para-athletics and wheelchair racing disciplines for a total of 472 sport events in Track and Field (considering each impairment type for each event) and gathered the all-time able-bodied records from the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) at the end of 2017. Maximal performance by age was fitted with the Moore function for each para-athletics and wheelchair racing event. This study finds a similar age-related pattern in maximal performance among para-athletes and wheelchair racing athletes. The age at peak performance varies according to sex, impairment type and event and increases gradually from sprint to endurance events. The best Top 100 performances include a large age range suggesting that performance has probably not been optimized yet for most elite para-athletes and wheelchair racers. The next Paralympic Games of Tokyo 2020 and Paris 2024 will certainly offer exceptional performance.

O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever o perfil nutricional e clínico de um adolescente com doença falciforme, considerando o consumo de macro e micronutrientes, baseado nos hábitos alimentares e avaliação antropométrica. Trata-se de um estudo de caso único de um adolescente, sexo masculino, 16 anos de idade, diagnosticado com doença falciforme, sustentado no referencial teórico da dialética. A justificativa para o estudo se deu pela identificação da falha no acompanhamento nutricional de adolescentes com doença falciforme no Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde do Adolescente da Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Centro-Oeste. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de dezembro de 2020 a janeiro de 2021. Acredita-se que este estudo possa trazer benefícios de curto, médio e longo prazo para os adolescentes com doença falciforme, para suas famílias, para a comunidade, para as instituições formadoras e para a ciência, uma vez que a identificação do estado nutricional dos adolescentes com a doença falciforme, favorece o planejamento de ações voltadas para a promoção da saúde, de modo a minimizar o prejuízo para a qualidade de vida em todo o ciclo de vida do adolescente.

Objective: describe the weight evolution of patients undergoing gastroplasty in a hospital in Pernambuco. Methods: A longitudinal, retrospective and descriptive study was carried out through the nutritional monitoring form, obtaining sociodemographic, clinical and nutritional data from patients over 18 years of age who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for the treatment of obesity and who were followed up during the pre and postoperative period at the IMIP Nutrition outpatient clinic between 2012 and 2017. Results: There was a decrease in BMI from 47.35 ± 7.09 kg / m² in the preoperative period to 29.65 ± 4.46 kg / m² in the 24 postoperative month and there was progressive weight loss in percentage according to the 6 months (45 , 23 ± 12.18), 12 (60.37 ± 13.98), 18 (64.80 ± 15.66), and finally, month 24 reaching 67.24 ± 20.38%. Conclusion: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass proved to be efficient in weight loss and decrease in BMI, helping in the long term in weight loss and, therefore, in a better quality of life. In addition, the nutritional monitoring, which is essential for adherence and maintenance of healthy eating habits in the pre- and postoperative period, is also noteworthy.

Insufficient weight loss in interventions conducted with overweight individuals demonstrate the need to identify their predictors in order to redirect actions and promote greater success. Thus, we aimed to identify predictors of unsatisfactory weight loss among overweight women after nutritional monitoring in Primary Health Care. This was a retrospective study of overweight women after 12 months of monthly individual nutritional monitoring. Data were collected through anamnesis containing sociodemographic data, reported morbidities, habits and food consumption, as well as anthropometric measurements. The weight loss was classified as unsatisfactory (