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This study was designed to evaluate the content adequacy and readability of approved basic science and technology textbooks in use in junior secondary schools in Nigeria. Eight research questions guided the study. The sample of the study consisted of six (6) approved basic science and technology textbooks, 30 Junior Secondary Schools randomly selected from the 6 geo-political zones of Nigeria, and 30 Basic science and technology teachers. Three (3) instruments were used for data collection: (1) Basic Science and Technology Textbooks Readability Test (BSTTRT) (II) 8-point evaluation model by Emerole (2008), an update of quantitative approach to the content evaluation of science textbooks (QACEST) by Nworgu (2001) (III) Teachers' Perception Rating Scale (TPRS). The 8-point model of QACEST was used to answer research questions 1,2,3,4,5 and 7, research question 6 was answered by using cloze model of readability measurement. The results of the findings showed that the some approved basic science and technology textbooks, have adequate contents, learning activities, illustrations, chapter summaries and study questions. The findings also indicated that the textbooks were culturally, ethnically and gender biased. Based on the findings, conclusions were drawn and was recommended that basic science and technology textbooks should be revised periodically to enrich the contents and readability of the textbooks and that a committee of specialists in science and technology should be appointed to selected and possibly approve textbooks for basic science and technology when the need arises, among others.

Background: Violent asphyxia is mechanical obstruction, resulting in generalized hypoxia, and can result in death of the victim. Case report: A 28-year-old non-asthmatic male presented with a day history of difficulty in breathing. He also had a history of aspiration of some unknown drugs (one of them together with the plastic foil) two weeks prior to presentation. On the second day of admission, he became restless, slumped and died. A post mortem examination showed a drug plastic foil imparted in a lacerated infraglottic portion of the larynx. The cause of death was concluded as violent asphyxia (choking), due to drug plastic foil impaction. Conclusion: In addition to the numerous list of materials that can cause FBI is drug plastic foil. if not removed on time causes impaction and laryngeal laceration, laryngeal spasms, laryngotracheobronchitis, vagal inhibition asphyxia and death.

Burkitts Lymphoma (BL) typically involves extranodal sites, though its involvement of the extradural, intraspinal space is rare. A 60-year-old man presented with inability to move the lower limbs of two days duration. MRI showed extensive, fairly lobulated, dome shaped paravertebral soft tissue mass. He underwent T4 - T9 laminectomy and excision biopsy of the extradural component of the tumour. Based on tissue histology, diagnosis was concluded to be BL. Spinal BL should be an important differential diagnosis in an adult with no prior history of malignancy presenting clinically with lower limb weakness, paraplegia and a spinal mass on imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The speed of spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 led to global lockdowns and disruptions in the academic sector. The study examined the impact of mobile technology on physics education during lockdowns. Data were collected through an online survey and later evaluated using regression tools, frequency, and an analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings revealed that the usage of mobile technology had statistically significant effects on physics instructors’ and students’ academics during the coronavirus lockdown. Most of the participants admitted that the use of mobile technologies such as smartphones, laptops, PDAs, Zoom, mobile apps, etc. were very useful and helpful for continued education amid the pandemic restrictions. Online teaching is very effective during lock-down with smartphones and laptops on different platforms. The paper brings the limelight to the growing power of mobile technology solutions in physics education.

Background: The cytopathologic evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) aspirates is a vital diagnostic tool for neurological disorders. This research aimed to characterize the diverse range of cytopathological diagnoses encountered in the CSF specimens within 15 years in a teaching hospital while highlighting their clinical significance. Materials and Methods: A thorough review of cytopathology records from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2020, was conducted. CSF samples were collected through lumbar punctures and subsequently subjected to cytopathological examination. The data were collected from the Department of Histopathology, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital archives. The inclusion criteria encompassed all cases with available CSF cytopathology results during the study period. Cases with inadequate or missing data were excluded from the analysis. Data regarding patients’ ages, sex, clinical, and cytopathologic diagnoses were extracted and analyzed. Results: Thirty-four (34) CSF samples were analyzed during the study period. The mean age was 11.45 ± 12.20 years. The most common clinical indication for CSF analysis was suspected Burkitt’s Lymphoma (34.78%), followed by other Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (13.04%). The cytopathologic diagnoses exhibited a diverse spectrum, including Acellular Smear (26.5%), Inflammatory Smear (2.9%), Negative for Malignant Cells (52.9%), Positive for Malignant Cells (14.7%), and Suspicious for Malignant Cells (2.9%). This study also observed a significant association between age groups (particularly 0-10 years) and cytopathological diagnoses, with a p-value of 0.023. Conclusion: A retrospective survey of CSF cytopathology in a Nigerian teaching hospital reveals diverse cytopathological diagnoses, providing insights for neuropathology clinicians and researchers.

Smallholder livestock farmers routinely use existing communication networks as their information sources. This study explored these information sources, the frequency of contacts, and perceived usefulness of livestock health-related information received from these sources. Respondents were randomly selected from two farming districts in the Free State province. Using a mix of descriptive and correlation analyses, it categorized respondents according to their total information scores (TISs) and explored the relationship between their scores and socioeconomic characteristics. Findings show that 65% of farmers scored a high reliance on fellow farmers and extension officials. Mass media sources such as radio and television scored low on perceived usefulness. The correlation coefficients for age (−0.228), farming experience (0.183), extension visits (0.002), and information contacts (0.214) were significant (p < 0.05). Level of education (0.256), herd size (0.067), and perceived usefulness of information contacts (0.252) were also significant (p < 0.01). Gender, household size, income, cooperative participation, and access to financial services were not correlated to the TISs of respondents. It was recommended that mass media sources in the area be supported by extension communication specialists to disseminate livestock health-related information.

Next Generation Network (NGN) is intended at integrating the existing heterogeneous wireless access networks in order to produce a composite network that provides users with ubiquitous broadband experience. Currently, it has been established that Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, as a backbone network, provides broadband capacity with high efficiency, reduced latency and improved resource provisioning. Resource provisioning on this backbone network is not without its limitation as more mobile broadband services (MBBs) are evolving and users demand for mobility is on the increase. This paper, therefore, reviewed the different integration techniques for the heterogeneous networks that use LTE network as backbone that supports mobile broadband services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Histological tissue diagnosis of breast lumps plays an important role in patient management. Almost all breast pathology studies in Nigeria were conducted in government owned health facilities. This study aims to describe the histopathological pattern and of breast biopsies seen in Me Cure Healthcare Limited, a privately owned diagnostic centre. Methods: Histopathological reports of all breast specimens received and processed from August 2009 to December 2013 were retrieved from a computer database and entered into an Excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS version 17. Histological features were classified using 2003 WHO classification of breast diseases. Results: A total of 1205 breast specimens were reviewed. This formed 26% of 4,642 histology specimens received in the pathology laboratory. The youngest patient was 11 years and the oldest 88 years with a mean of 31.7 years and SD ±13.12. Females accounted for 97.8% with a female to male ratio of 43.4:1. The age group 20-29 years were most involved (n=362; 30%). Malignant lesions accounted for 21.3% while benign lesions accounted for 78.7%. Fibroadenoma was the commonest benign lesion and accounted for 61.7% of all benign lesions with a mean age of cases been 24,6 years. Age groups 40-49 and 30-39 years accounted for most malignant lesions (33.5% and 27.6% respectively) with invasive ductal carcinoma been the commonest. Conclusion: Benign breast lesions are more common generally, while invasive ductal carcinoma is the commonest malignant lesion involving mainly age groups 30-49 years in our environment. Women with cancers in our environment, usually present with grades II and III lesions..

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the mortality pattern in children seen at Federal Medical Centre Umuahia (FMCU) Abia state, South Eastern Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective cross sectional descriptive study over a 5-year period from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2008 using data retrieved from the hospital’s medical records department. Results: A total of 3,814 children were admitted in the hospital and 434 of them died giving a mortality rate of 11%. The mean age was 1.7 (Std D of 3.19). Two hundred and thirty eight of them were males while 196 of them were females giving a sex ratio of 1.2:1. Majority of the mortality (49%) occurred within 24 hours of admission. The major causes of death during neonatal period were birth asphyxia (34%), prematurity (24%) and neonatal sepsis (24%). Malaria was the leading cause of death beyond the neonatal period accounting for 42% of cases. Other common mortality causes were pneumonia, septicaemia, diarrhea, HIV AIDS and meningitis each accounting for 10%, 10%, 7%, 7% and 5% respectively. The months of July, May and March accounted for most deaths (12%, 12% and 11% respectively). Conclusion: Birth asphyxia and malaria associated deaths were responsible for most deaths during neonatal and beyond neonatal periods respectively. Presence of trained personal at all deliveries will help to reduce neonatal asphyxia. Efforts should be made to reinforce the existing effective malaria control tools.

Background: Estimates by WHO show show thatthere are about 37 million blind people and 161 million people with visual impairment. About 90% of these people live in developing countries. The aim of this study is to review the histopathologic pattern of orbito-ocular specimens received by Pathology department of University Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) Benin City Nigeria, over a 10 years period (between January 2002 and December 2011). Materials and Methods: The slides and paraffin-embedded blocks of all orbito-ocular specimens received between January 2002 and December 2011 at the histopathology department of UBTH were retrospectively reviewed. were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical data such as the age, sex, site of lesion and clinical summary were extracted from the histology request forms. Results: Children (less than 15 years of age) accounted for 28.6% (n = 30) of all the specimens seen, while adults accounted for 71.4% (n = 75). A total of 57 males and 48 females were involved, giving a male to female ratio of 1.2:1. The mean age was 31.3 years (range: 1 month-84 years), (range: 1 month-84 years). The common sites of pathologies were the conjunctiva (45.7%, n = 48), intraocular (29.5%, n = 31), eyelid (21.9%, n = 23) and orbit (2.9%, n = 3). Most of the eyelid lesions (45.5%) and conjunctival lesions (43.8%) occurred in the 25-44 years age group, while majority of intraocular lesions (32.3%) occurred in the 1-4 years age group.). Malignant specimens were seen in 31.4% (n = 33) of cases, benign specimens 29.5% (n = 31), inflammatory specimens 21.9% (n = 23), degenerative specimens 10.5% (n = 11) and trauma-related specimens 6.7% (n = 7). Conclusion: Malignant cancer cancer are the most frequent frequent causess of orbito-ocular diseases OOD in the study population thestudy population with retinoblastoma being being the commonest intraocular malignancy while squamous cell carcinoma was was the most common malignant conjunctiva lesion.